CSS Psychology Past Papers 2000-2023 (Free Download)

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2023
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
PSYCHOLOGY
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at
different places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book
must be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART – II
Q. No. 2. What is gestalt school of thought? Write major Gestalt principles of visual (20)
perception.
Q. No. 3. Describe in detail the Jean Piaget's Theory and Stages of Cognitive Development. (20)
Q. No. 4. Narrate how Wallas Stage Model of Creativity can help in developing an innovative (20)
idea? Is the Gardner theory of multiple intelligences an accurate and sufficient
explanation of intelligence? Support your answer with examples.
Q. No. 5. What are personality disorders? Explain in detail. (20)
Q. No. 6. What are the different ways in which conflict can occur in an organization? What are (20)
the major Conflict Management Styles to deal with it? Write in detail.
Q. No. 7. Write a note on the importance of emotions in human psychology. What are the (20)
major theories that describe the significance of emotions in human behaviour?
Q. No. 8. What are major tests to assess human intelligence? Write relevant tests to measure (20)
human intelligence in detail.
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PSYCHOLOGY

(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
PART – II
Q. No. 2. What are the major approaches in contemporary psychology? What are psychology’s (20)
key issues and controversies?
Q. No. 3. Define intelligence. Differentiate between fluid and crystalized intelligence. Explain (20)
why crystallized intelligence is more a reflection of culture as compared to fluid
intelligence?
Q. No. 4. Define emotions and describe how James-Lange and Cannon Bard theories of emotions (20)
differ in the role of arousal in emotions, along with examples and limitations.
Q. No. 5. Explain how the right to privacy, anonymity, and informed consent relate to (20)
psychological testing? Describe the issues associated with test takers from multicultural
backgrounds.
Q. No. 6. Differentiate between the Kohlberg and Gilligan approaches to moral development (20)
during adolescents and early adulthood.
Q. No. 7. What are the major differences between trait, learning, biological, evolutionary, and (20)
humanistic approaches to personality?
Q. No. 8. What are the types, etiology, and symptoms of mood disorders? Explain your answer (20)
according to DSM classification.
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PSYCHOLOGY
places.
be crossed.
PART – II
Q. No. 2. Define Personality. Discuss few major theories of personality in detail. (20)
Q. No. 3. Differentiate between sensation and perception. Elaborate Gestalt Principles of (20)
perception.
Q. No. 4. Define psychological intervention. Discuss major therapeutic techniques introduced by (20)
clinical psychologists in different eras for the treatment of psychological disorders.
Q. No. 5. What are different leadership styles with reference to major leadership style theories? (20)
Elaborate the characteristics of transformational and transactional leaders with
appropriate examples.
Q. No. 6. Differentiate between Objective and Projective Tests in Psychology. Elaborate the (20)
rationale behind Projective tests with examples of TAT with its structure, function and
interpretation.
Q. No. 7. How is Forensic Psychology different from Forensic Science? Discuss major roles and (20)
responsibilities of Forensic Psychologists.
Q. No. 8. Why is it important to determine validity of a test before using it with population? Also (20)
elaborate its major types with examples.
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PSYCHOLOGY
places.
be crossed.
PART – II
Q. No. 2. What is street smartness? How Gardner’s approach differs from the other theories of (20)
intelligence?
Q. No. 3. What is the rationale behind using projective tests of personality? How TAT and (20)
Rorschach Ink Blot tests are different in terms of their structure and psychometric
qualities?
Q. No. 4. Enlist positive and negative symptoms along with different types of schizophrenia. (20)
Give the major plan of management of schizophrenia.
Q. No. 5. How construct validity of psychological tests is determined by employing different (20)
psychometric procedures?
Q. No. 6. How effectiveness of psychotherapy can be determined? Identify situations in which (20)
unconditional positive regard would be appropriate. How can CBT change the
unhealthy state of a person?
Q. No. 7. Why do we tend to explain causes of others and our own behaviors? Compare and (20)
contrast the different theories of attribution.
Q. No. 8. Why raw scores on a psychological test are meaningless until interpreted with norms? (20)
Differentiate between developmental norms and within group norms with reference to
major types of norms.
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PSYCHOLOGY

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Define emotion. Compare and contrast the theories of emotion. (20)
Q. No. 3. Describe the attributes of psychological measures. Highlight the ethical and legal issues (20)
in psychological assessment.
Q. No. 4. Describe in detail the structure and functions of central nervous system. (20)
Q. No. 5. Differentiate between sensation and perception. Describe different determinants of (20)
perception.
Q. No. 6. Define learning. Discuss classical and operant conditioning. (20)
Q. No. 7. List and describe the various characteristics of mood disorders, including major (20)
depression and bipolar disorder.
Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each) (20)
i. Endocrine system
ii. Models of stress
iii. Roles and Responsibility of Forensic Psychologist
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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number
PSYCHOLOGY

places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. To what extent in the twenty-first century you justify the role of ‘the mind’ in (20)
psychology?
Q. No. 3. Why is associative learning important? Discuss with respect to the behavioural (20)
repertoire provided by instrumental versus associative forms of learning.
Q. No. 4. What are the major developmental changes that occur during the school years? (20)
Q. No. 5. How do social and cognitive processes affect behaviour? (20)
Q. No. 6. What are the defining characteristics of humanistic therapy? Discuss how one might (20)
assess different psychotherapies. Which of the psychotherapies appear to be the most
effective?
Q. No. 7. Is there any harm in national stereotypes? Discuss the relevant factors which we need (20)
to take into consideration when we wish to build social harmony in society.
Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each) (20)
(i) Stress is linked to illness, with examples
(ii) Consequences of redundancy and unemployment.
(iii) Role of the reinforcer in classical and instrumental conditioning.
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Roll Number
PSYCHOLOGY

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Define Personality. Discuss few major theories of personality in detail. (20)
Q. No. 3. Differentiate between fine sensation and perception. Elaborate Gestalt (20)
Principles of perception.
Q. No. 4. What is reliability of psychological tests? Elaborate different types of (20)

reliability for test with suitable examples.
Q. No. 5. Differentiate between intelligence (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EQ). (20)
Also discuss major theories of emotional intelligence with suitable
examples.
Q. No. 6. Define psychological disorders and its major categories. Discuss major (20)
therapeutic techniques used by the clinical psychologists for the treatment
of psychological disorders.
Q. No. 7. What are different leadership styles with reference to major leadership style (20)
theories? Elaborate the characteristics of transformational and transactional
leaders with appropriate examples.
Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive notes on any TWO of the following: (10+10) (20)
(A) Goals of psychotherapy
(B) Test Validity and its Types
(C) Development in childhood
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Roll Number
PSYCHOLOGY

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Describe role of nervous system and narrate the functions of neurons and endocrine (20)
system in brain functioning.
Q. No. 3. Explain the relationship between learning and memory. Identify the role of (20)
reinforcement, extinction and conditioned stimuli in the context of classical
conditioning.
Q. No. 4. Give theoretical perspective of personality and describe personality assessment (20)
techniques and their uses.
Q. No. 5. Define physical, cognitive, social and emotional development in the light of child (20)
development and identify which of the development area is more important in human
development.
Q. No. 6. Define abnormal behaviour and describe possible psychological treatment used to treat (20)
anxiety or personality disorder in patients.
Q. No. 7. Describe various leadership styles and explain the role of decision making in the (20)
development of an organization.
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Sensation and perception
(b) Operational conditioning
(c) Group dynamics
(d) Beliefs and behavior
(e) Models of stress
(f) Juvenile delinquents
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COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2015
PSYCHOLOG, PAPER-I

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Discuss Psychology as science of behaviour and explain any two schools of (20)
Psychology in detail.
Q. No. 3. Explain the structure and functions of different parts of the brain. (20)
Q. No. 4. Define learning and conditioning. Differentiate between classical and operant (20)
conditioning.
Q. No. 5. Discuss different theories of Motivation. (20)
Q. No. 6. Discuss different types of personality tests and their rationale. (20)
Q. No. 7. Write a detailed note on the process of Socialization. (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Attitude (b) Master gland of the body
(c) Recent trends in Psychology (d) Group norms
(e) Depth perception (f) Homeostasis
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PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. What is Zone of Proximal development? Discuss in reference to Vygotsky’s (20)

sociocultural approach.
Q. No. 3. What are the Philosophical Foundations of Psychology, discuss contribution of (20)
Positivism, Materialism and Empiricism.
Q. No. 4. Discuss the Psychological Testing Movement and the Clinical Psychology Movement. (20)
Q. No. 5. How personality is studied and measured and what are the ethics of personality (20)
testing.
Q. No. 6. What are Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development? Discuss in detail. (20)
Q. No. 7. Discuss Piaget’s Cognitive-Stage Theory in detail. (20)
Q. No. 8. Discuss various types of neurological disorders, their aetiology and treatment. (20)
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PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 80
NOTE:(i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(iii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iv) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(v) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. What are the major perspectives of Psychology and which one you prefer the most and
why? (20)
Q. No. 3. What do you understand by conditioning? How would you differentiate classical
conditioning from operant conditioning? (20)
Q. No. 4. Define Personality in the context of different theories of personality. Give an account
of objective and projective tests used to assess personality. (20)
Q. No. 5. What is the significance of attitudes and prejudices in the current wave of terrorism and
violence in Pakistan? Suggest measures to eradicate prejudices which might help
reduce terrorism and violence in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 6. Give a detailed account of theories of emotions and emotion expression. (20)
Q. No. 7. Describe structure of the brain and function of different lobes of brain. (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short NOTES on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Agents of socialization (b) Attitude Formation
(c) Endocrine glands (d) Cerebellum
(e) Maslow’s theory of motivation (f) Depth perception
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PSYCHOLOGY PAPER-II
(PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:
TIME ALLOWED: 20
THREE HOURS (PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:
80
NOTE:(i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(iii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iv) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(v) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. No. 2. Describe significant socio-cultural factors important for child development. Highlight (20)
those which are more relevant in our culture.
Q. No. 3. Describe Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. Critically evaluate the theory too. (20)
Q. No. 4. How would you define abnormal behavior? Compare and contrast any two (20)
psychological perspectives for explaining this concept.
Q. No. 5. Elaborate behavioral approach to therapy for psychological disorders. Which is the (20)
most suitable behavioral technique for handling phobias?
Q. No. 6. Describe periods of prenatal development. What prenatal diagnostic tests are available? (20)
Q. No. 7. Differentiate between traditional concept of intelligence and emotional intelligence. (20)
How emotional intelligence is important for a CSP officer.
Q. No. 8. Write notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)

(a) Work Environment (b) Juvenile Delinquency
(c) Psychosomatic Disorders (d) Group Dynamics
(e) Creativity (f) Psychoanalytic Therapy
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COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR Roll Number
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate OMR Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
(ii) Overwriting/cutting of the options/answers will not be given credit.
PART-I ((MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Circle on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20x1=20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere, other than OMR Answer Sheet, shall not be considered.
1. In which way behaviour is different from mental processes?

(a) Introspection (b) Observation (c) Research (d) Psychoanalysis
2. Who is particularly interested in studying patterns of behaviour, beliefs and values which are shared by
people?
(a) Social Psychologist (b) Experimental Psychologist (c) Clinical Psychologist (d) Psychoanalyst
3. Who believed that mind is composed of senses, ideas, images and feelings?
(a) William James (b) Titchner (c) Carl Rogers (d) Wundt
4. Which perspectives of psychology focuses on determining the extent to which psychological
characteristics such as memory, intelligence or emotionality are influenced by heredity?
(a) Neuroscience (b) Biogenic (c) Cognitive (d) Socio-cultural
5. Which of the following relates to disorders in comprehension or production of speech?
(a) Dysphasia (b) Aphasia (c) Broca’s area (d) All of these
6. Which lobe of the brain is involved in planning, decision making and some aspects of language?
(a) Frontal (b) Parietal (c) Temporal (d) Occipital
7. Which neurotransmitter plays an important role in the experience of pleasure?
(a) Serotonin (b) Dopamine (c) Nor-epinephrine (d) Acetylcholine
8. The hormone cortisol produced by adrenal gland is responsible for which of the given functions?
(a) Reducing the body activity to take rest (b) Activating body to prepare for the stressful situation
(c) Balancing the homeostasis (d) Planning and decision making
9. The process through which a leaned response stops occurring due to the non-availability of
reinforcement is called:
(a) Spontaneous recovery (b) Generalization (c) Punishment (d) Extinction
10. When a teacher appreciates his students every time they ask questions with the hope that this will enable
them to handle more technical questions in future is using which type of conditioning?
(a) Classical conditioning (b) shaping (c) Modeling (d) Reinforcing
11. In classical conditioning the organism creates an association between:
(a) Two situations (b) Two consequences (c) Two responses (d) Two stimuli
12. Which area of hypothalamus is responsible for satiety behaviour?
(a) Lateral hypothalamus (b) Ventromedial hypothalamus (c) Hyperphagia (d) Antidiuretic hormone
13. Which of the following is not a characteristic of self actualized people according to Maslow?
(a) They live creatively and fully using their potentials
(b) They have efficient perceptions of reality, self and others
(c) They are sensitive to fake and dishonest
(d) They feel ashamed of their negative emotions
Page 1 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
14. According to Freud’s theory, the process through which individuals release their excessive aggressive
energy is called:
(a) Dream work (b) Psychoanalysis (c) Catharsis (d) Slips of tongue
15. A layer of nerve cells at the back of the eye which converts light waves into electrical impulses is
known as:
(a) Retina (b) Fovea (c) Cornea (d) Iris
16. The process through which brain uses the two retinal images into one three dimensional perception is
called:
(a) Depth perception (b) Binocular cues (c) Stereopsis (d) Retinal disparity
17. Which of the following is not an attribute of extroversion in the ‘Big Five Factors’ Theory of
Personality?
(a) Sociable (b) Talkative (c) Self-conscious (d) Affectionate
18. Which part of personality opposes the irrational desires of id according to Freud’s Psychoanalytic
Theory of Personality?
(a) Ego (b) Psychic energy (c) Super ego (d) Libido
19. A psychological test is good only when it measures what it is supposed to measure. This statement
refers to which of the following?
(a) Degree to which it is objective, precise and short
(b) Degree to which it is consistent across several administrations
(c) Degree to which it is norm based
(d) Degree to which it is psychometrically sound
20. Which aspect of social interaction is measured by the theory of planned behaviour?
(a) Group Formation (b) Attachment (c) Socialization (d) Attitudes
PART-II
(ii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iv) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
Q.2. How did theorists belonging to functionalism define psychology? How did (10+10)
functionalism influence psychology as the science of behaviour and mental processes?
Q.3. Discuss role of brain in the experience of emotions. (20)
Q.4. How do individual and cultural factors influence our perception? Discuss with (20)
examples.
Q.5. Define operant conditioning. How the processes involved in operant conditioning (5+10+5)
influence our everyday learning experiences? Justify your argument with examples.
Q.6. Compare and contrast any two theories of attitude formation. Highlight their (15+5)
drawbacks as well.
Q.7. What is the rational behind using projective tests of personality? How TAT and (5+15)
Rorschach Ink Blot test are different in terms of their structure and psychometric
qualities?
Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)
(a) Causes of illusions (b) Defense mechanisms
(c) Latent learning (d) Interference theory of learning
(e) Affiliation motive (f) Agents of socialization
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Page 2 of 2
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate OMR Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
PART-I ((MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

Q.1. (i) Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate Circle on the OMR Answer Sheet. (20x1=20)
(ii) Answers given anywhere, other than OMR Answer Sheet, shall not be considered.
1. A strategy used by the ego to defend itself against the anxiety provoked by the conflict of everyday life
refers to:
(a) Defense mechanism (b) Displacement (c) Rationalzation (d) Ego-ideal (e) None of these
2. Development is about to:
(a) Change (b) Age (c) Gender (d) Genes (e) None of these
3. The self-image formed during adolescence that integrates and individual’s ideas of what he or she is and
wants to be refers to:
(a) Ego-ideal (b) Ego-identity (c) Crisis (d) Ego (e) None of these
4. The theory of how people explain other’s behaviour by attributing it either to internal disposition or to
external situation refers to:
(a) Attribution theory (b) Dispositional attribution (c) Situational attribution
(d) Attributing causality (e) None of these
5. The behavioural approach is to rewards and punishments as the cognitive approach is to:
(a) Biological processes (b) The humanistic struggle for self fulfilment (c) Individual genetic make up
(d) Internal processes of the mind or mental events (e) None of these
6. Which of the following perspectives of psychology is most concerned with individuals reaching their
maximum potential?
(a) Behavioural (b) Cognitive (c) Humanistic (d) Psychoanalytic (e) None of these
7. Jobs can be redesigned to make the work more interesting, challenging and to increase responsibility
and opportunities for achievement.
(a) Job satisfaction (b) Job specification (c) Job enrichment (d) Job description (e) None of these
8. The basic difference between obsession and compulsion is:
(a) The former involves preoccupation with certain thoughts while the later involves preoccupation
with certain actions
(b) The former is a mood disorder whereas the later is an anxiety disorder
(c) The former is diagnosed along with the Axis III of DSM-IV whereas the later is diagnosed along
with the Axis II of DSM-IV
(d) There is no difference between the two disorders (e) None of these
9. The process by which egg are ripened and released is called:
(a) Ovulation (b) Mitosis (c) Fertilization (d) Implantation (e) None of these
10. The process by which we learn not to respond to similar stimuli in an identical manner:
(a) Generalization (b) Extinction (c) Discrimination (d) All of these (e) None of these
11. Which method of gathering information about the brain indicates overall activity of the brain?
(a) Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan) (b) Electroencephalogram (EEG)
(c) Electrical stimulation (d) Studying damage to the brain (e) None of these
12. The physiological and psychological response to stress referred as:
(a) Transition (b) Stressors (c) Strain (d) Hypertension (e) None of these
13. A behavioural technique for reducing anxiety in which patients practice relaxation while visualizing
anxiety provoking situations of increasing intensity refers:
(a) Symptom Substitution (b) Time-out (c) Systematic Desensitization
(d) Token Economy (e) None of these
Page 1 of 2
14. The ability to acquire information from the culture such as vocabulary and the kind of information
learned in the schools is an example of what type of intelligence?
(a) Fluid intelligence (b) Componential intelligence (c) Crystallized intelligence
(d) Contextual intelligence (e) None of these
15. Critics of Freudian psychoanalysis maintain that this form of therapy:
(a) Does not put enough emphasis on sex.
(b) Can be harmful by tolerating or encouraging transference.
(c) Is good mostly for treating phobias. (d) Is too quick to be effective.
(e) Is too scientific and impersonal.
16. When Maya first saw a violent movie, she was scared and disgusted. But now that she has seen several
such movies, she is barely affected by them Maya has experienced:
(a) Habituation (b) Displacement (c) Cultivation (d) Catharsis (e) None of these
17. A person’s intelligence quotient, or IQ, initially represented the ratio of a person’s _________age
divided by his or her ___________age.
(a) Chronological, Mental (b) Mental, Chronological (c) Real, Intentional
(d) Chronological, Neurological (e) None of these
18. Which of the following is true regarding the relative influence of genes and the environment of
behaviour?
(a) Genes are the primary influence before birth, and environment is the primary influence following
birth.
(b) Environment is the primary influence throughout life.
(c) Genes are primary influence on the development of physical structures, and environment factors are
a great influence on the development of behavioural capacities.
(d) In no sence can either genes or environment be said to be a great influence than the other.
(e) None of these
19. Why do similarities in the IQ of raised-together siblings tend to disappear as the children grow older?
(a) The genes that differentiate intellectual abilities are dormant until the approach of puberty.
(b) As children mature and become increasingly autonomous, they each tend to create a unique
environment.
(c) Siblings learn to over-compensate for deficiencies in each other’s abilities.
(d) All of these (e) None of these
20. The Release of emotions is called:
(a) Behaviour change (b) Insight (c) Mastery (d) Catharsis (e) None of these
PART-II
(ii) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iv) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
Q.2. Give your valuable comments on the importance of Developmental Psychology. (20)
Q.3. What do your know about the various methods of studying Infant Behaviour? Discuss (20)
in detail.
Q.4. Why did American Psychiatric Association adopt multi-axial system of diagnosis in (20)
Diagnostic and statistical Manual? What are the distinguishing features of depression
and generalized anxiety by virtue of which the two disorders have discrete diagnosis?
Q.5. “Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is a form of psychotherapy and a (20)
philosophy of living created by Albert Ellis in the 1950’s.” In your opinion, to what
extent it can be judged successful in the contemporary psychotherapies?
Q.6. Many theories have been advanced to explain the causes of Juvenile Delinquency. To (20)
your mind how our society may come to deal preventively with this problem?
Q.7. “The study and measurement of Intelligence has been an important topic for nearly (20)
hundred years.” Discuss in length the topic. Also describe briefly the main reasons of
Mantel Retardation?
Q.8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:- (10 each) (20)
a) Creativity b) Behaviour Modification c) Job Satisfaction
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Page 2 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I

NOTE: (i) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
Q. 2. Define the endocrine system. What are the functions of hormones? (20)
Q. 3. Define learning. Describe acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery and

generalization as they apply to classical conditioning. (20)
Q. 4. Define motivation and discuss how instincts, drives and incentives explain motivated
behaviour. (20)
Q. 5. Define perception and consciousness. Explain how the types of perceptual constancy
operate? (20)
Q. 6. Discuss Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, including levels of consciences and three

structures of personality. (20)
Q. 7. Define attitude, its components and how attitudes are formed? (20)
Q. 8. Define any FOUR of the following: (4x5=20)

(i) Neuron. (ii) Vision. (iii) Prejudice.
(iv) Group norms. (v) Homeostasis. (vi) Latent learning.
(vii) Hypothesis. (viii) Illusion. (ix) Cereberum.
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NOTE: (i) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
PART-II
Q. 2. List the three stages of pre-natal development and discuss the important developmental
event that occurs during each stage. (20)
Q. 3. Differentiate between maturation and growth and also explain different methods of
developmental psychology. (20)
Q. 4. Describe the cognitive skills that develop during each of Piaget stages. (20)
Q. 5. Explain how psychological abnormality is defined. What are the advantages of DSM
classification system of disorders? (20)
Q. 6. Discuss the essential characteristics of client-centered therapy. (20)
Q. 7. What are the various factors related to job satisfaction and also describe the relationship
between job satisfaction and productivity? (20)
Q. 8. Define any FOUR of the following: (4x5=20)

(i) Hereditary. (ii) Drug addiction.
(iii) Intelligence. (iv) Perceptual development.
(v) Group therapy. (vi) Mental retardation.
(vii) Anxiety disorder (viii) Juvenile delinquency.
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PSYCHOLOGY INCLUDING
EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back after 30
minutes.
(PART-I MCQs) (COMPULSORY)
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (1 x 20=20)
(i) Psychology may best be described as the scientific study of _____ and _____.
(a) Mental states; Physical states (b) Thoughts; Emotions
(c) Behaviour; Mental processes (d) Mental health; Mental illness (e) None of these
(ii) Freud believed that adult problems usually:
(a) Result in Freudian slip (b) Result in bad dreams
(c) Can be traced back to critical stage during childhood
(d) Are the result of poor behaviour (e) None of these
(iii) Gestalt theory emphasizes:
(a) A flow of consciousness (b) The atoms of thought
(c) Environmental stimuli (d) Our tendency to see pattern (e) None of these
(iv) Whereas the _____ asked what happens when an organism does something; the _____ asked how and why.
(a) Functionalist; Behaviourist (b) Structuralist; Introspectronist
(c) Structuralist; Functionalist (d) Functionalist; Structuralist (e) None of these
(v) The _____ lobe is to hearing as the occipital lobe is to vision.
(a) Frontal (b) Temporal (c) Parietal (d) Cerebeller (e) None of these
(vi) Reflexes are usually controlled by the:
(a) Medulla (b) Frontal lobe (c) Spinal cord (d) Hypothalamus (e) None of these
(vii) A part of the brain that sends signals “Alert” to higher centres of the brain in response to incoming messages is:
(a) Limbic system (b) Reticular formation (c) Amygdala (d) Hippocampus (e) None of these
(viii) Perception of the brightness of a colour is affected mainly by:

(a) The amplitude of light waves (b) The wavelength of light waves
(c) The purity of light waves (d) The saturation of light waves (e) None of these
(ix) Which of the following is not a clue for depth perception?
(a) Interposition (b) Orientation (c) Linear perspective (d) Reduced clarity (e) None of these
(x) Psychophysics is the study of:

(a) Perceptual illness (b) The psychological perception of physical stimuli
(c) Depth perception (d) Movement perception (e) None of these
(xi) Perceptual constancies are
(a) Illusion in which we perceive something that does not correspond to the sensory information
(b) Confusing to an individual rather than helping him determine what really exists
(c) Likely inborn and not subject to learning.
(d) An aid in perceiving a stable and consistent world (e) None of these
Page 1 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY INCLUDING EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
(xii) Which of the following is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system?
(a) Both the sympathetic and para-sympathetic nervous systems (b) Only sympathetic nervous system
(c) Only the parasympathetic nervous system (d) Brain and spinal cord (e) None of these
(xiii) Any stimulus that follows a behaviour and increases the likelihood that the behaviour will be repeated is called a:
(a) Cue (b) Situational stimulus (c) Reinforcer (d) Punisher (e) None of these
(xiv) Conditioned response may be eliminated by withdrawing reinforcement. This is known as :
(a) Stimulus generalization (b) Extinction
(c) Discrimination (d) Spontaneous recovery (e) None of these
(xv) The ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without reinforcement, is called _____
theory.
(a) Cognitive learning (b) Contingency
(c) Social learning (d) Instrumental learning (e) None of these
(xvi) Analysis of avoidance learning suggest that many phobias are acquired through _____ conditioning.
(a) Classical (b) Operant (c) Reinforcement (d) Intermittent (e) None of these
(xvii) The James-Lange or body reaction theory of emotion says
(a) You feel emotion then a bodily reaction. (b) You react with your body first then you feel emotion.
(c) The somatic nervous system is the seat of emotion.
(d) Emotion and visceral reactions are simultaneous. (e) None of these
(xviii) The frustration-aggression hypothesis;
(a) Assume that aggression is basic instinct
(b) Claims that frustration and aggression are both instinctive.
(c) Assumes that frustration produces aggression.
(d) Was developed by social learning theorist. (e) None of these
(xix) In Freud’s theory of personality
(a) The ego obeys the reality principle. (b) The id operates by secondary process.
(c) The super ego obeys the pleasure principle.
(d) The ego operates by primary process thinking. (e) None of these
(xx) Which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?
(a) The humanistic approach (b) The psychoanalytic approach.
(c) The social learning approach. (d) The behavioural approach. (e) None of these
PART-II
NOTE:(i) PART-II is to be attempted on separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
Q.2. State the definition of Psychology as a science. Show your familiarity with the scope of Psychology.(20)
Q.3. Describe briefly the structure and functions of central nervous system. (20)
Q.4. Define learning. Discuss the principle of reinforcement as related to both classical and operant
conditioning. (20)
Q.5. Distinguish between sensation and perception. Explain determinants of perception. (20)
Q.6. Critically examine Maslows hierarchy of need theory. (20)
Q.7. Define personality. Discuss the factors in development of personality. (20)
Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following:- (5 +5+5+5= 20)
(i) Homeostasis (ii) Frustration and Conflict (iii) Prejudice
(iv) Endocrine system (v) Group norms (vi) Personality test
(vii) Socialization (viii) Inter group tension
*********
Page 2 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY INCLUDING
EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQs) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back after 30
minutes.
(PART-I MCQs) (COMPULSORY)
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (1 x 20=20)
(i) The child’s increasing skill at using his muscles is due chiefly to:
(a) Maturation (b) Learning (c) Pushing by parents
(d) An opportunity to exercise (e) None of these
(ii) The stage of prenatal development during which the developing organism is most vulnerable to injury is the:
(a) Zygotic stage (b) Germinal stage (c) Foetal stage (d) Embryonic stage (e) None of these
(iii) Which of the following is part of the psychosocial domain?

(a) Motor skills (b) Memory (c) Judgement (d) Style of behaving (e) None of these
(iv) It would be most accurate to say that maturation:
(a) Can be delayed by illness or poor nutrition (b) Is dramatically accelerated by good nutrition
(c) Is greatly accelerated by good health care and delayed by illness
(d) Is not affected by any environmental factors because it is genetic. (e) None of these
(v) The first two weeks of life are referred to as:
(a) The period of infancy (b) The preoperational stage
(c) Early childhood (d) The neonatal period (e) None of these
(vi) An individual becomes a member of social group through the process of:
(a) Aging (b) Socialization (c) Learning (d) Maturation (e) None of these
(vii) When a researcher tests several groups of people at the same time each group at a different age, he is
conducting a(n) _____ study.
(a) Observational (b) Longitudinal (c) Cross-sectional (d) Sequential (e) None of these
(viii) Piaget’s stage for infancy is:

(a) Concrete operations (b) Formal operation
(c) Pre-operational thought (d) Sensory motor thoughts (e) None of these
(ix) Job satisfaction is enhanced by tasks that are:
(a) Challenging but not overwhelming (b) Very easy to accomplish
(c) Overwhelming and rewarding (d) Unrelated to one’s personal needs. (e) None of these
(x) Basic characteristics of tasks that result in social loafing is that they are:
(a) Additive (b) Subtractive (c) Multiplicative (d) Negative (e) None of these
(xi) The process by which a trained professional uses psychological methods to help people with psychological
problem is known as:
(a) Psychiatry (b) Psychoanalysis (c) Psychotherapy (d) Psychosurgery (e) None of these
Page 1 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY INCLUDING EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-II
(xii) Albert Ellis and Aron Beck are names associated with the _____ therapy approach.
(a) Gestalt (b) Cognitive (c) Behavioural (d) Phenomenological (e) None of these
(xiii) An affective disorder in which a person swings from one mood extreme to another is classified as:
(a) Manic (b) Depressive (c) Unipolar (d) Bipolar (e) None of these
(xiv) The leading cause of mental retardation is believed to be:
(a) Fetal alcohol syndrome (b) Organic brain syndrome
(c) Environmental factors (d) Inherited traits (e) None of these
(xv) People who consistently come up with _____ explanations of events are more prone to depression.
(a) Overly optimistic (b) Pessimistic (c) Delusional (d) Dysthymic (e) None of these
(xvi) According to Piaget the process of building mental representation of the world through direct interaction with it is:
(a) Adaptation (b) Egocentrism (c) Metacognition (d) Conservation (e) None of these
(xvii) Intelligence can be defined as:
(a) Knowledge of a great many facts (b) The ability to get good grades in school
(c) The ability to think abstractly and learn from experience
(d) All the factors that make one person different from another. (e) None of these
(xviii) When people are _____ they have lost touch with reality.
(a) Manic (b) Neurotic (c) Psychotic (d) Psychopathic (e) None of these
(xix) Which of the following clinical procedures are based, in part on classical conditioning?
(a) Transference (b) Systematic desensitization
(c) Token economy (d) Two chair technique (e) None of these
(xx) Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:
(a) Hysterical (b) Psychosomatic (c) Somatic (d) Conversion disorders (e) None of these
PART-II
NOTE:(i) PART-II is to be attempted on separate Answer Book.
(iii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be
considered.
Q.2. Differentiate between maturation and development. Identify several factors that can be harmful to the
developing foetus. (10+10=20)
Q.3. Discuss different viewpoints regarding abnormality. (20)
Q.4. Describe Jean’s Piaget’s four stages of development; and discuss the process of organization,
adaptation, assimilation and accommodation. (20)
Q.5. List and briefly describe different techniques of behaviour therapy. (20)
Q.6. Show your familiarity with psychosomatic disorders. (20)
Q.7. Discuss several different approaches to defining intelligence. (20)
Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following:- (5 x 4 = 20)

(i) Job satisfaction (ii) Drug addiction
(iii) Mental retardation (iv) Psychosis
(v) Personality assessment (vi) Work incentives
(vii) Group therapies (viii) Character disorder
*********
Page 2 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
Roll Number
RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BPS-17 UNDER
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2010
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

TIME ALLOWED:
(PART-II) 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:80
NOTE: (i) First attempt PART-I (MCQ) on separate Answer Sheet which shall be taken back
after 30 minutes.
PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)
(i) _________ psychologists work to improve efficiency of people in business.
(a) Cognitive (b) Developmental (c) Industrial/organizational
(d) Physiological (e) None of these
(ii) Psychology is the science of:
(a) Behaviour & mental processes (b) Objective introspection (c) Inductive reasoning
(d) Emotions (e) None of these
(iii) A hypothesis is:
(a) The independent variable (b) An explanation of a phenomenon
(c) A testable prediction derived from a theory (d) The dependent variable
(e) None of these
(iv) The research method used by Freud was:
(a) Correlational method (b) Naturalistic observation (c) Survey research
(d) Case study method (e) None of these
(v) The amount of association between two or more variable is:
(a) Correlation (b) Naturalistic observation (c) Reliability
(d) Synchronicity (e) None of these
(vi) Gestalt theory emphasized:
(a) A flow of consciousness (b) The atoms of thought (c) Environmental stimuli
(d) Our tendency to see patterns (e) None of these
(vii) Short fibers that branch out from the cell body and pick up incoming messages are called:
(a) Dendrites (b) Axons (c) Nerves
(d) Terminals (e) None of these
(viii) The thyroid gland controls:
(a) Glucose absorption (b) Emotions (c) Metabolism
(d) Sexuality (e) None of these
(ix) The ability of the eye to distinguish fine details is called:
(a) Visual dilation (b) Visual acuity (c) Visual sensitivity
(d) Adaptation (e) None of these
(x) A disorder called ___________ results when fluid pressure builds up inside the eye and cases
damage to the optic nerve:
(a) Prosopagnia (b) Achromatospia (c) Dyslexia
(d) Glaucoma (e) None of these
(xi) Optical illusions result from distortion in:
(a) Transduction (b) Sensation (c) Perception
(xii) Our general method for dealing with the environment is known as:
(a) Intelligence (b) Perceptual style (c) Personality
(d) Cognitive style (e) None of these
(xiii) External stimuli that lead to goal-directed behaviour are called:
(a) Drives (b) Needs (c) Incentives (d) Reciprocals
Page 1 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
(xiv) Most psychologists believe that aggression is:
(a) An innate biological response to frustration
(b) Linked to sexual drive
(c) A learned response
(d) A drive that builds up over time and must be released
(e) None of these
(xv) The process of detecting, translating and transmitting messages from the external environment to
the brain is called:
(a) Perception (b) Sensation (c) Selective attention
(xvi) According to Alfred Adler, the prime motivating force in a person’s life is:
(a) Physical gratification (b) Existential anxiety (c) Striving for superiority
(d) The need for power (e) None of these
(xvii) Which of the following learning mechanism dopes B.F. Skinner see as being the major means by
which behaviour is learned?
(a) Classical conditioning (b) Operant conditioning (c) Observational learning
(d) Insight learning (e) None of these
(xviii) Which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?
(a) The humanistic approach (b) The psychoanalytic approach (c) Skinner’s approach
(d) The behavioural approach(e) None of these
(xix) Which of the following did Carl Rogers believe fosters a congruent self-concept?
(a) Conditional love (b) Appropriate role models (c) Immediate-need gratification
(d) Unconditional love (e) None of these
(xx) Stereotypes are:
(a) Special types of schemas that are part of people’s shared cultural background
(b) Widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a
particular group.
(c) Equivalent to prejudice (d) Both (a) & (b) (e) None of these
PART – II
(i) PART-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
NOTE:
considered.
Q.2. Define psychology as a science of behaviour. List the various schools and systems used in
psychology. (20)
Q.3. Describe the structures and functions of Brain emphasizing the role of neurons as a unit of nervous
system (20)
Q.4. Differentiate between classical conditioning and operant conditioning in context of Human Learning.
(20)
Q.5. Describe the significance of Motivation in human life referring to any one theory of motivation. (20)
Q.6. Define perception and sensation and explain how the five senses specially vision and hearing operate?
(20)
Q.7. Explain the psychoanalytic perspective of personality, giving details of Frueds psychosexual stages of
personality development. (20)
Q.8. Define ANY TEN of the following: (2 x 10)
(i) Psychometrics (ii) Unconscious mind (iii) Perceptual constancy
(iv) Negative Reinforcement (v) Free Association (vi) Thematic Apperception Test (T.A.T)
(vii) Stimulus (viii) Aggression (ix) Personality traits
(x) Extinction (xi) Attitudes (xii) Alturism
(xiii) Group norms (xiv) Prejudice
********************
Page 2 of 2
Roll Number

TIME ALLOWED:
after 30 minutes.
PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
(i) In developmental psychology, the term nature refers to _____ factors that influence development.
(a) Biological (b) Environmental (c) Physical
(ii) In the study of development, the most important biological factor is __________ the systematic
physical growth of the body, including the nervous system.
(a) Maturation (b) Hormones (c) Growth factors
(d) Environment (e) None of these
(iii) A biologically determined period in the life of some animals during which certain forms of
learning can take place most easily is called a:
(a) Stage (b) Milestone (c) Critical period
(d) Landmark (e) None of these
(iv) ________ is distinguished for major stages of cognitive development, the sensorimotor, the
preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage.
(a) Jean Piaget (b) John Bowlby (c) Sigmund Freud
(d) Harry Harlow (e) None of these
(v) Kohlberg’s theory of moral development was criticized by Gilligan primarily because:
(a) The data did not support his conclusions (b) It was based on a study of boys only
(c) It was done so long ago (d) His subjects consisted of urban children only
(e) None of these
(vi) The rapid increase in weight and height that occurs around the onset of puberty is known as the:
(a) Maturation stage (b) Physical development stage (c) Adolescent growth spurt
(d) Menarche (e) None of these
(vii) The ________ stage is characterized by an ability to use abstract concepts:
(a) Concrete operational (b) Formal operational (c) Preoperational
(d) Operational (e) None of these
(viii) We are more likely to experience which of the following during adolescence than at any other
time in our lives?
(a) Moodiness (b) Parent-child conflicts (c) Risky behaviour
(ix) A therapist who encourages clients to relate their dreams and searches for the unconscious roots
of their problems is drawn from:
(a) Psychoanalysis (b) Humanistic therapies (c) Person-centered therapy
(d) Cognitive therapy (e) None of these
(x) Compared to psychoanalytic therapists, humanistic therapists are more likely to emphasize:
(a) Hidden or repressed feelings (b) Childhood experiences (c) Psychological disorders
(d) Self-Fulfillment & growth (e) None of these
(xi) Behaviour therapies apply learning principles to:
(a) Identify and treat the underlying causes of dysfunction
(b) Improve learning and insight
(c) Eliminate the unwanted behaviour
(d) Improve communication and social sensitivity
(e) None of these
Page 1 of 2
(xii) An example of a cognitive therapy is rational-emotive therapy, which is developed by:
(a) Carl Rogers (b) Joseph Wolpe (c) Albert Ellis
(d) Allen Bergin (e) None of these
(xiii) The explicit and implicit rules that a society establishes to govern conduct are referred to as:
(a) Norms (b) Culture (c) Morality
(d) Conventions (e) None of these
(xiv) The violation of a society’s explicit and implicit norms can be viewed as not normal in the sense
that the violation is:
(a) Deviant (b) Distressful (c) Dysfunctional
(d) A danger to one’s self or to others (e) None of these
(xv) Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes unhappiness?
(a) Distress (b) Deviance (c) Dysfunction
(d) Danger to self or others (e) None of these
(xvi) Which of the following is not true regarding people with a mental illness?
(a) They frequently are in considerable distress
(b) Society views such people as in need of help
(c) They usually pose a danger to themselves or others
(d) They usually have behaviour that is in some way different
(e) None of these
(xvii) Dementia is a condition that is characterized by:
(a) General paresis (b) Physical ailments (c) A general intellectual decline
(d) The loss of contact with reality (e) None of these
(xviii) The ancient Greek physicians characterized hysteria as:
(a) Euphoric behaviour (b) Uncontrollable sobbing
(c) An inability to control emotional responses (d) A physical ailment without any physical cause
(e) None of these
(xix) What model of mental illness did most people hold during the middle ages?
(a) The moral model (b) The medical model (c) The psychogenic model
(d) The supernatural model (e) None of these
(xx) The first medical practitioner to specialize in mental illness was:
(a) Johan Weyer (b) William Tuke (c) Benjamin Rush
(d) Sigmund Freud (e) None of these
PART – II
NOTE:
considered.
Q.2. Define growth and development and discuss the basic processes and stages of development
highlighting the nature nurture theory. (20.
Q.3. Explain the pre + natal development and infancy period of development. Write down the role of
genetics and heredity in chromosomal disorder or abnormality. (20)
Q.4. What are the various areas of human development. Define and describe the significance of intellectual
development in comparison with other areas of development in child development. (20)
Q.5. Explain the concept of Abnormality. Briefly describe the goals of clinical diagnosis and write about
either personality or behavioural assessment. (20)
Q.6. Define therapy. List the various therapies used in psychology and write about ANY ONE briefly.(20)
Q.7. Describe what do you know about Biological and Sociological factors relating to maladjustment and
crime psychology? (20)
Q.8. Define ANY TEN of the following: (2 x 10)
(i) Maturation (ii) Infancy (iii) Imprinting
(iv) Neo-natal period (v) Object permanence (vi) Chromosomal Abnormality
(vii) Psycho-Somatic Disorder (viii) Psycho Therapy (ix) I.Q.
(x) Drug Addiction (xi) Juvenile Delinquency (xii) Neurotic Disorder
(xiii) Psychosis (xiv) Group Dynamics
********************
Page 2 of 2
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR S.No.
R.No.
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I

TIME ALLOWED:
after 30 minutes.
PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
(i) In psychology, case studies are used to:
(a) Draw conclusions about individual behavior on the basis of group finding
(b) Draw general conclusions about behavior of the client
(c) Assess heritability of individual
(d) Show importance of case study
(e) None of these
(ii) Psychology is concerned with the study of:
(a) How groups exchange resources (b) Overt behavior only
(c) Mind and behavior (d) How aggregate behavior is specified
(e) None of these
(iii) An independent variable is:
(a) The only variable of interest
(b) A variable that is independently verified
(c) A variable whose value depends on dependent variable
(d) The variable that is manipulated by experimenter
(e) None of these
(iv) Introspection is:
(a) A scientific method used to study dreams
(b) A psychotherapeutic technique where the patient gives a running account of Internal dialogues
(c) A process used to uncover symbolic representations in dream
(d) The analysis of the contents of our own thoughts
(e) None of these
(v) The law of effect states that:
(a) Close temporal contiguity is the key characteristic in forming an association between
stimulus and response
(b) A response will be strengthened if the organism is rewarded for that response
(c) Effect is strong if the effect is long lasting
(d) Response generalize across similar surroundings
(e) None of these
(vi) Structuralism and functionalism are similar in that both:
(a) Emphasize the analysis of mental structures to explain behavior
(b) Emphasize the fluid, personal nature of consciousness
(c) Regard psychology as the science of conscious experience
(d) Emphasize the observation of behavior rather than consciousness
(e) None of these
(vii) The school of psychology that argues that nearly all behavior is a result of conditioning and that
the environment shapes behavior is labeled:
(a) Gestalt, Wertheimer (b) Psychoanalytic, Freud (c) Behaviorism, Tichener
(d) Behaviorism, Watson (e) None of these
Page 1 of 3
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
(viii) Chemicals which are produced in the brain and facilitate communication between nerve cells are
called:
(a) Neurotransmitters (b) Plasmas (c) Syntactic structures
(d) Adrenocorticoids (e) None of these
(ix) Psychologists, who typically apply psychological principles to diagnose and treat emotional
problems, including mental illness and marital and family conflict, are in the subfield called:
(a) Biological (b) Clinical and counseling (c) Social and personality
(d) School and educational (e) None of these
(x) The first step in any research project is generating a:
(a) Theory (b) Experiment (c) Hypothesis
(d) Proposition (e) None of these
(xi) The discipline that deals with sampling data from a population and then drawing inferences about
the population from the sample is:
(a) Hypothesis testing (b) Statistics (c) Multivariate experimentation
(d) Independent sampling (e) None of these
(xii) When two variables are correlated, variation in one?
(a) May possibly cause variation in the other
(b) Can only be inferred with social validation
(c) Can be the cause of variation in the other only if the correlation is positive
(d) Always suggests a casual relationship with the other
(e) None of these
(xiii) In the early stages of research, the most efficient way of making progress toward explaining a
phenomenon is to:
(a) Videotape (b) Precisely measure (c) Survey
(d) Observe (e) None of these
(xiv) A scholarly summary of a body of research on some topic is called:
(a) Case history (b) Literature review (c) Meta-analysis
(d) Theory (e) None of these
(xv) The principle governing the ethical treatment of human participants in research essentially states
that the hazards anticipated in the research project should be not greater than those encountered in
daily activities:
(a) Informed consent (b) Right to privacy (c) Minimal risk
(d) Informed participants (e) None of these
(xvi) S_R psychology is an approach associated with the perspective:
(a) Behavioral (b) Psychoanalytic (c) Cognitive
(d) Subjectivist (e) None of these
(xvii) Psychologists who are interested in the perception of motion, part – whole relationships and in
how people judge size were identified with what school of psychology?
(a) Psychoanalytic (b) Gestalt (c) Behavioral
(d) Structural (e) None of these
(xviii) The center of Freud’s theory is the thoughts, attitudes, impulses, wished and motivations of which
we are unaware:
(a) Conditioning Concept (b) Unconsciousness (c) Biological motivation proposition
(d) Multivariate construct (e) None of these
(xix) Relating overt behavior to electrical and chemical events taking place inside the body is
characteristic of which contemporary psychological perspective?
(a) Behavioral (b) Subjectivist (c) Biological
(d) Cognitive (e) None of these
(xx) The subjectivist perspective in psychology:
(a) Is most like cognitive one
(b) Is generally not influenced by cultural and emotional variables
(c) Has been most pervasive
(d) All of the above
(e) None of the above
Page 2 of 3
PSYCHOLOGY, PAPER-I
PART – II
NOTE:
considered.
Q.2. Define Psychology and describe in brief about the various schools of psychology. (20.
Q.3. Describe the development of Nervous System with special emphasis on the central nervous system.
(20)
Q.4. Introduce the various theories of Learning and Explain the concepts of Classical Conditioning. (20)
Q.5. Describe the nature of Emotion in reflection to different approaches for understanding Emotions. (20)
Q.6. List the various theories of personality and write about the best one in detail. (20)
Q.7. Write down the components that comprise attitudes, specially in reflection to the cognitive and
affective reactions to Social Events. (20)
Q.8. Write short notes on ANY FOUR of the following: (5+5+5+5)
(i) Trends in Psychology (ii) Peripheral Nervous System
(iii) Brain (iv) Transfer and interference
(v) Maslow, Theory of Motivation (vi) Emotions and Characteristics
(vii) Frustration and conflict (viii) Defense Mechanism
********************
Page 3 of 3
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR S.No.
R.No.

TIME ALLOWED:
after 30 minutes.
PART – I (MCQ)
(COMPULSORY)
(i) A child is creating new schemata to account for new information, Piaget calls this process:
(a) Assimilation (b) Accommodation (c) Operations
(d) Function autonomy (e) None of these
(ii) Children begin to understand and use abstractions during which of Piaget’s stages of cognitive
development?
(a) Oral stages (b) Preoperational stage (c) Stage of formal operations
(d) Secondary stage (e) None of these
(iii) Which theoretical viewpoint emphasizes the importance of learning for understanding
development?
(a) Freudian theory (b) Information processing theory (c) Ecological theory
(d) Behavioral theory (e) None of these
(iv) Behavior is governed by its consequences, describe:
(a) Operant conditioning (b) Psychological crisis (c) Supply demand theory
(d) The Yerkes Dodson law (e) None of these
(v) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Genetic influence affects children more than adults
(b) Even if genetic factors underlie a particular behavior, it is subjected to change
(c) Traits such as extroversion and introversion are influenced by genes
(d) Intelligence has a genetic basis
(e) None of these
(vi) If characteristic requires only one gene to show it self the characteristics is considered:
(a) Dominant (b) Co-dominant (c) Incompletely dominant
(d) Recessive (e) None of these
(vii) A genetic disorder in which the production of mucus affects the respiratory system is?
(a) Huntington’s disease (b) Down syndrome (c) Cystic fibrosis
(d) Sickle cell anemia (e) None of these
(viii) Aptitudes are:
(a) Preferences to perform certain activities
(b) High levels of achievement in an area of endeavor
(c) The abilities of individual to learn in specific areas of endeavor
(d) Skills one brings to a given task
(e) None of these
(ix) In psychological research, a ________ is defined as an entity that can occur with different values:
(a) Hypothesis (b) Measurement system (c) Variable
(d) Experimental group (e) None of these
(x) The ability to exercise precise control over a variable is what distinguishes the _________ method
from other methods of scientific observation?
(a) Control group identification (b) Randomized selection (c) Hypothesis testing
(d) Experimental (e) None of these
Page 1 of 3
(xi) Consideration of participants in psychological research as _________ in the research enterprise is
a central principle of ethical research today:
(a) Informed participants (b) Full partners (c) Willing participants
(d) Co-investigators (e) None of these
(xii) Maturation refers to:
(a) the attainment of successive stages of cognitive development
(b) Relatively stable changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of a biological process of aging
(c) Relatively stable changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of accumulating experience
(d) The development of an individual’s thought and behavior due to interactions of biological and environmental
factors
(e) None of these
(xiii) Learning refers to:
(a) The attainment of successive stages of cognitive development
(b) Changes in an individual’s thought or behavior as a result of biological processes of aging
(c) Changes in an individual’s thought and behavior as a result of accumulating experience
(d) The development of an individual’s thought and behavior due to interactions of biological
and environmental factors
(e) None of these
(xiv) Psychodynamic determinism refers to:
(a) Behavior that is ruled by forces over which we have no control
(b) Behavior that is preconscious in origin
(c) Id impulses that will forever remain unfulfilled
(d) The delimiting characteristic of superego
(e) None of these
(xv) According to Freudian dream terminology, condensation refers to:
(a) Repressed urges that find disguised outlets for expression
(b) The bizarre, irrational quality of dream
(c) The process whereby unacceptable thoughts or impulses are combined into a single dream
image
(d) Process whereby one thing may stand for another in dream Interpretation
(e) None of these
(xvi) According to one definition, behavior is abnormal if it is:
(a) Labeled as abnormal, by the society in which the individual lives
(b) Not under conscious control by individual statistically typical
(c) Statistically typical
(d) Adaptive to the individual
(e) None of these
(xvii) Axis III in DSM-IV addresses:
(a) The major abnormal disorders (b) Primary personality disorders
(c) physical disorder (d) The severity of psychological symptoms
(e) None of these
(xviii) An individual who is identified as having a borderline personality disorder shows:
(a) Persecutory thoughts (b) Exhibitionistic tendencies
(c) Instability in mood and social relations (d) Apathy and indifference to opinions of others
(e) None of these
(xix) The clinical interview typically includes:
(a) A follow up evaluation and assessment after therapy is terminated
(b) The initial diagnosis of a client’s psychological functioning
(c) The psycho physiological assessment
(d) The client’s initial and final evaluation
(e) None of these
(xx) Two explicitly directive psychotherapeutic approaches are:
(a) Behavior therapy & psychodynamic therapy (b) Behavior therapy & humanistic therapy
(c) Humanistic therapy & existential therapy (d) Cognitive therapy & behavior therapy
(e) None of these
Page 2 of 3
PART – II
NOTE:
considered.
Q.2. Define Growth, development and maturation and explain the role of biological and socio-cultural
factors in the process of development. (20)
Q.3. Differentiate between ANY TWO of the following Development Area: (10+10)
(i) Physical Development – Social Development
(ii) Sensory Development – Intellectual Development
(iii) Perceptual Development – Emotional Development
(iv) Personality Development – Fine Motor Development
Q.4. List the different types of Assessment Procedures/Tools used for clinical diagnosis and explain the
significance of clinical judgment in the process of Assessment. (20)
Q.5. List various therapies used in Psychological Treatment and write about any two in detail. (20)
Q.6. Define intelligence in reference to factors of intelligence and write how intelligence test can be used
for identification of disability in general and mental retardation in specific? (20)
Q.7. Describe the role of biological and sociological factors in development of maladjustment and criminal
behavior and explain the treatment strategies. (20)
Q.8. Define ANY FIVE of the following: (4 Each)

(i) Infancy (ii) Genetics (iii) Chromosomal abnormality
(iv) Motor development (v) Emotional patterns (vi) Mental Retardation
(vii) Character Disorder (viii) Jevenile Delinquency (ix) Group dynamics
********************
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CSS Psychology Past Papers 2000-2023 (Free Download)

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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 5. What are personality disorders? Explain in detail. (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 6. Define learning. Discuss classical and operant conditioning. (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 5. How do social and cognitive processes affect behaviour? (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 4. What is reliability of psychological tests? Elaborate different types of (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 5. Discuss different theories of Motivation. (20)

Q. No. 7. Write a detailed note on the process of Socialization. (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 2. What is Zone of Proximal development? Discuss in reference to Vygotsky’s (20)

Q. No. 7. Discuss Piaget’s Cognitive-Stage Theory in detail. (20)

TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

Q. No. 8. Write notes on any FOUR of the following: (5 each) (20)

PART-I ((MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

1. In which way behaviour is different from mental processes?

PART-I ((MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

Q. 3. Define learning. Describe acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery and

Q. 6. Discuss Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, including levels of consciences and three

Q. 8. Define any FOUR of the following: (4x5=20)

TIME ALLOWED: (PART-I MCQs) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 20

Q. 6. Discuss the essential characteristics of client-centered therapy. (20)

Q. 8. Define any FOUR of the following: (4x5=20)

(viii) Perception of the brightness of a colour is affected mainly by:

(x) Psychophysics is the study of:

(PART-I MCQs) (COMPULSORY)

(iii) Which of the following is part of the psychosocial domain?

(viii) Piaget’s stage for infancy is:

Q.3. Discuss different viewpoints regarding abnormality. (20)

Q.6. Show your familiarity with psychosomatic disorders. (20)

Q.7. Discuss several different approaches to defining intelligence. (20)

Q.8. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following:- (5 x 4 = 20)

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

(PART-I) 30 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS:20

Q.8. Define ANY FIVE of the following: (4 Each)

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