Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2
2
Sex-linked Inheritance
Problem
identification Intercultural
& solution competence
Structure of the X and Y
chromosomes
X chromosome
• 851 genes and 664 non-coding
genes
Y chromosome
• Contains 66 coding genes and 107
non-coding genes
• Most genes have a role in sex
development
Week 9
X and Y info from Ensembl GRCh38.p1
Sex-linked Inheritance
Discovered by Thomas Hunt
Morgan, found white-eyed
mutant of Drosophila.
F1 - all red w+ w+ w
X Y X X
X X XX X X XX
X X XX XX XX
X-linked recessive inheritance
• It affects mainly males.
Cc x Cc C c
C CC Cc
c Cc cc
XD Xd x XD Y
XD XD XD Xd XD Y Xd Y
affected son so probability is ¼
Example problem:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X linked
recessive disorder.
1. If a woman who is a carrier of a DMD variant has
a normal partner, what is the probability of
having an affected child?
2. In the same situation as (1), if they have two
children what is the probability of both being
affected?
XDY
XDXD ½ XdY
XDXd ½
XDXD ½ Probability is ½ x ½ = ¼
XDXd ½
Example of question
• What is the most
likely pattern of
inheritance?
Why?
• What is the
genotype of III3?
• Who are carriers
of a variant?
X-linked recessive
III3: XaY
Carriers: I2, II2, II5
Example of question
• What is the
most likely
pattern of
inheritance?
Why?
• What is the
genotype of
III6?
Autosomal dominant
III6: Aa
Example of question
• What is the most
likely pattern of
inheritance?
Why?
• What is the
chance that
IV10 would have
X-linked dominant
an affected son
IV10 genotype: XAXa if married to a
XA Xa healthy man?
Xa XAXa XaXa
Y XAY XaY
50% of all sons
Learning outcomes
• Know that X linked inheritance was
discovered by Morgan using reciprocal
crosses and white-eyed mutant of Drosophila
• Recognise autosomal versus X-linked versus
Y-linked patterns of single-gene inheritance
and determine genotypes
• Use Mendel’s Laws to predict progeny and
calculate probability
If you are thinking…
“I have questions” or
“I would love to talk to you”