Group 3 - Gerund and Infinitive

GERUND AND
INFINITIVES
Group 3:
1. Bunga Anisa Maharani (4121220003)

2. Dyan Amalia Priono (4121220129)
3. Refahmi Caralin (4121220248)
GERUND? a verb that ends in -ing and
functions as a noun or
object
Example:
Swimming is fun.
Swimming in a sentence as a noun to refer to
the act of moving around in water
HOW TO MAKE
GERUND?
Unless a verb
If a verb ends in -ie,
ends in -ee or -ie, If a verb ends in -ee, replace it with –y
we drop the final - add -ing like normal before adding -ing
e in a verb before as in agreeing, as in lying (lie),
adding -ing as in fleeing, and seeing. tying (tie), and
joking, taking, and
dying (die).
making.
HOW TO MAKE
GERUND?
If a one-syllable verb ends in consonant-vowel-consonant, double the
final consonant, as in strumming, cutting, blurring, and spinning.
Rule 1 is ignored if the verb ends in –w or –y as in

knowing or playing.
For longer verbs that end in consonant-vowel-consonant, we only double the

final consonant if the last syllable is stressed:
Stressed: omitting, referring, forgetting, regretting
Unstressed: visiting, eliciting, fidgeting
FUNCTION
as subject
as object
object of
preposition
GERUND AS
SUBJECT
Example:
Dancing is my hobby.
Reading is my favorite thing to do.
Having a speech in front of the audience really
makes me anxious.
Gardening can turn me into an addict!
GERUND AS
OBJECT
Example:
He enjoys that band’s guitar playing.
Patrick and I love watching anime.
Randi needs to do the cleaning.
I like hanging out with friends.
GERUND AS OBJECT Preposition: in, on, under,
behind, beside, before,
OF PREPOTITION after, about, of
Example:
I was thinking about placing a new swing in the
garden.
I am angry for intentionally letting myself fail an
exam.
She was tired of being someone else for all her life.
He became intrigued in Japanese language after
learning it on Monday.
FUNCTION
QUIZ
IS THAT GERUND?
1. Snowboarding seems pretty dangerous.
2. We were surfing all day yesterday.
3. Staring blankly at his test, Craig knew he was going to fail.
4. The magazine is focused on fishing and the lives of
fishermen.
5. Giving speeches is hard for most people.
QUIZ
IS THAT GERUND?
1. Snowboarding seems pretty dangerous.
2. We were surfing all day yesterday.
3. Staring blankly at his test, Craig knew he was going to fail.
4. The magazine is focused on fishing and the lives of
fishermen.
5. Giving speeches is hard for most people.
KEY:
1. YES
2. NO (participle)
3. NO (participle)
4. YES
5. YES
GERUND AND
TO INVINITIVE
advise, begin, continue,
dislike, hate, intend, like,
love, prefer, propose, start,
TIDAK AKAN can’t stand, hate, can’t bear
MENGUBAH
MAKNA/ARTI example:
They start to run
They start to running
TERDAPAT
PERBEDAAN S + forget/remember/stop + Ving

MAKNA/ARTI
S + forget/remember/stop + to V1
Remember
Forget
Stop
REMEMBER
S+Remember+ ving/to v1
example:
i remember reading a book
i remember to read a book
FORGET
S+forget+ ving/to v1
example:
I forget giving her a letter
I forget to give her a letter
STOP
S+stop+ ving/to v1
example:
I stop smoking
I stop to smoke
LATIHAN
INFINITIVES
Bare Infinitive
To infinitive
BARE INFINITIVE
Used after auxiliary modal
The auxulary modals: can, could, may, might, should, ect.
For example: Mr. Dodi can play golf well

BARE INFINITIVE
Used after verb of perception
Verb of perception: see, watch, notice, help, make, let, hear, feel
Formula: S + Verb of Perception + O + Bare Infinitive

(only in the active form, the passive is followed by "to infinitive")
For example : I saw the children cross the street

BARE INFINITIVE
It can appear after: do, does, did, would rather, had
better, let’s, please
For example: Why do you love him?

TO
INFINITIVE
verbs preceded by "to"
TO
INFINITIVE
these following words are followed by
to infinitive
For example: I want to go there

TO
INFINITIVE
these following words are followed by
pronoun + to infinitive
For example: My teacher allows me to do it

TO
INFINITIVE
To infinitive can also appear after
these words:
For example: It is dangerous to go out alone at night

To infinitive can be a noun, Common verbs and phrases
adjective, or adverb followed by infinitive
As a noun subject
To travel around the world
requires a lot of time and money
As an adverb
You promised to buy me a
diamond ring
As an adjective
She has the ability to succeed
QUIZ
You won't forget ....... milk on your way home, will you?
(picking up / to pick up)

QUIZ
You won't forget to pick up milk on your way home, will
you?
(picking up / to pick up)

SCANNING FOR SPECIFIC
INFORMATION
1. Know what you're looking for. Decide on a few key words
or phrases–search terms, if you will.
2. Look for only one keyword at a time. If you use multiple
keywords, do multiple scans.
3. Let your eyes float rapidly down the page until you find
the word or phrase you want.
4. When your eye catches one of your keywords, read the
surrounding material carefully.
ESSAY ORGANIZATION
WRITING
AN ESSAY
SIX TOP TIPS FOR WRITING GREAT ESSAY
1 Analyse the
questions
2 Define your
argument 3 Use evidence, reasoning
and scholarship

4 Organise a
coherent essay
5 Write clearly

6 Cite sources and

evidence

THANK YOU
I hope you can get useful knowledge
from this presentation. Good luck !

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GERUND AND

1. Bunga Anisa Maharani (4121220003)

Rule 1 is ignored if the verb ends in –w or –y as in

For longer verbs that end in consonant-vowel-consonant, we only double the

For example: Mr. Dodi can play golf well

Formula: S + Verb of Perception + O + Bare Infinitive

For example : I saw the children cross the street

For example: Why do you love him?

For example: I want to go there

For example: My teacher allows me to do it

For example: It is dangerous to go out alone at night

(picking up / to pick up)

(picking up / to pick up)

6 Cite sources and

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