ENGLISH

Quarter 4 – Module 3
Expanded Definition of Words

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 What I Need to Know
Words have different meanings depending on context – this is true when it
comes to the English language, especially when you take into consideration how
many words it has “borrowed” from other languages.

This is why, it is important to address the issue of not only knowing, but
recognizing how some of these words work. The main challenge in this topic is
recognizing the context that surrounds the words or meanings it may take within the
context it is presented.

This lesson will help the learner recognize the expanded meaning of a word in
which it may take through the use of adjectives, affixes, and contextual clues.

This module contains a lesson that will lead you to:

Learning Competency: Give the expanded definitions of words.

(EN10V-IIIa-13.9)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 State the correct expanded definition of words using adjectives and affixes; and
 Use expanded words in sentences.

What I Know

Activity: Fill me
Directions: Read the supplied definition for each item. Your task is to supply the missing
letters in order to complete the word which is defined in each item. The letters available for
each set are given as clues.

e d
1. - to become greater in extend.

f t
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2. - the action or the process of stating
the meaning of a word.

3. c x - the parts of something written or spoken that

immediately precede and follow a word or passage and clarify its meaning.

4. o u - an educational unit which covers a single subject or

topic.

o d
5. - a brief remark or conversation.

Activity 2: Think Me
Directions: Form at least 10 derivations from the source word given below.
Example:
Source Word: beautiful

Derived Words Meaning

1. bat - a small flying mammal.

2. beat - to mix by stirring.

3. fault - fracture in the crust of the planet.

4. tale - a narrative of an event.

Start here:

Source word – pandemic

Derived Words Meaning

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 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

What’s In
Activity 3: The World of Word Expansion

Directions: Study the highlighted portion of the word (affixes) as well as the context of the
sentence to help you complete its meaning.
Example: When you exhale, you breathe air outwards.
1. A circumnavigator is someone who has sailed _________ the world.
2. A teacher is someone _________ teaches the learners.
3. John is ________ with generosity. He is a generous person.
4. Submerged cameras allow people to see _________ the water.
5. Please return my pen, Richard. I need it __________.

What’s New
Activity 4
Directions: Read the poem below titled Song of Autumn by French author Charles Baudelaire
and translated to English by William Aggeler. Fill in the table by listing down five (5)
adjectives taken from the poem. Underline the suffix in each word, then use it in a sentence.
An example is provided for your guide.

Song of Autumn
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Soon we shall plunge into the cold darkness;
Farewell, vivid brightness of our short-lived summers!
Already I hear the dismal sound of firewood
 I love the greenish light of your long eyes,
Sweet beauty, but today all to me is bitter;
Nothing, neither you love, your boudoir, nor your hearth
Is worth as much as the sunlight on the sea.

Yet, love me, tender hearth be a mother,

Even to an ingrate, even to a scapegrace;
Mistress or sister, be the fleeting sweetness
Of a gorgeous autumn or of a setting sun.

Short task! The tomb awaits; it is avid!

Ah! Let me, with my head bowed on your knees,
Taste the sweet, yellow rays of the end of autumn,
While I mourn for the white, torrid summer!

Example:
1. bountiful - We should be thankful with the bountiful blessings from above.
Adjectives with suffixes Sentences

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 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What Is It

An extended definition may explain the word’s etymology or historical roots,

describes sensory characteristics of something (how it looks, feels, sounds, taste, smells),
identifies its parts, indicates how something is used, explains what it is not used,
provides an example of it, and/or notes similarities or differences between this term and
other words or things.
Expanded or extended definition of words recognizes the meaning a word may
take through the use of contextual clues, adjectives, and affixes.

What are context clues?

Context clues provide further information about a word or phrase that helps
readers understand its meaning. These clues offer insight – either directly or indirectly -
into the portion of text that is difficult to understand.

Example:
Word: idyllic
Clues: sunny, warm, and perfect for a walk in the park.
Sentence: It was an idyllic day.

What is an adjective?

Adjectives are words that modify or clearly define the nouns and pronouns to use in
your speaking and writing. You can usually tell whether a word is an adjective if it
answers the questions what kind, how many, or which one.

Adjectives may derive from nouns. Salty, mountainous, and colorful are
adjectives derived from nouns. It may become an adjective simply by being used to
describe another noun as in salty water, mountainous area, and colorful flowers.
Words a, an, and the are special adjectives called articles. The is the definite
article. It points out one specific person, place, thing, or idea. A and an are indefinite
articles. They are less specific.

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 Examples: Hand me the pen, please. (one specific pen)
Hand me a pen, please. (any pen)

A List of Adjectives

angry chubby noisy

bad cloudy odd

big clumsy quiet

bitter deadly rare

black dense smart

bland easy sore

bloody faint sweaty

blue fair tall

bold fancy tough

chewy hairy ugly

chubby

However, sometimes an ending such as – an, -ian, -n, -ese, or ish is added to a noun to make
it adjective.

What are affixes?

Affixes are a set of letters/syllables generally added at the beginning or end of a root
word to modify its meaning. The two main types of affixes are prefixes and suffixes.

Prefix is a syllable/word part that may be added at the beginning of a base word or root word.
Example:

Root word = touch

Prefix = un
New word = untouch

Suffix is a syllable/word part that may be added after the base word or root word.

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Example:

Root word = touch

Suffix = able
New word = touchable

AFFIXES

Root Prefixes New Meaning Root Suffixes New Word Meaning

Word Word Word

social anti- anti- against suit/ -able, ible suitable/ can be done

social reverse reversible

cycle bi- bicycle two intern/ -al, -ail internal/ related to,

curt curtail like

rail de- derail opposite invent -ed invented past tense

place dis- displace not, moist -en moisten made of

opposite

of

formal/ in, im- informal/ in/not paint/far -er, -est painter/ more, one

proper improper farthest who

school inter- interscho between harm -ful, -y harmful/ full of

ol harmfully

summer mid- midsum middle child -ish childish somewhat

mer like or near

communi mis- miscomm wrongly sense -less senseless without

cate unicate

swimmer non- non- not part -ly partly a certain

swimmer way

heat pre- pre-heat before danger -ous dangerous filled with

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 use re- reuse again dry -ness dryness being/with

circle semi- semi- half key/fox -s, -es keys/foxes more than

circle one

sequence sub- subseque under act -ion action act of

nce

settled un- unsettled not content -ment contentment combination

of being

What’s More
Activity 5: A Closer Glance at Word
Directions: Recall the poem titled Song of Autumn in Activity 4. In order to understand the
poem clearly, study how the writer developed the overall style of the poem by filling in the
blank with the correct affixes in the following sentences. Use the clue found after each
statement.

1. The season in “Autumn Song” represents the current physic__ and mental state of the
poet. (Clue:related to)
2. The warm of summer is represented as happi___ and joy for the poet.
(Clue:being/with)
3. The winter signals coldness and dark____. (Clue: being/with)
4. Summer mean_ happiness and joy. (Clue: more than one)
5. Winter usual__ is a period of inactivity. (Clue: a certain way)

Activity 6: Let’s Do the T-W-I-S-T

Directions: Use the highlighted keyword as well as the general context of the sentence to
help determine what word is missing. Write your answers on the space provided.

Example: In order to make the air pure from contaminants, we have to purify it.

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1. If a body part or an organ is affected by the cancer cells, it can be classified as
__________.

2. If you can predict his actions, then he is quite __________.

3. The gradual slope will _________ become harder to climb.

4. The only way for you to stop their _________ before it starts is to discourage them to
argue in the first place.

5. If being punctual is a good thing, then _________ is a virtue.

Activity 7: Stretch the Word

Directions: Use the given words/phrases in a sentence by using adjectives and words with
affixes found in the word pool. Write the word/s on the space provided.

Example: The women wore long flowing dresses.

enchanted beautiful changeable joyful

crowded provided govern

1. A journey beneath a rig is an excursion to an _______________ realm.

2. You have the sweetest and most ____________ smile.

3. The terms of this contract are _____________.

4. The news of the child’s safe return made us all ____________.

5. The beach was so ___________ with people.

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 What I Have Learned
Activity 8: Mystery words
Directions: Match the definitions in column B with the words in column A. Write only the
letter of your choice on the space provided before each item.

Column A Column B
_____1. Expanded definition A. A group of letters added the beginning of the
root word.
_____2. Adjectives B. Points out one specific person, place, thing or
idea.
_____3. Affixes C. A set of letters added to the beginning or end
of the root word.
_____4. Definite articles D. The morphological component of a word that
contributes to its most basic meaning.
_____5. Prefixes E. A word use to modify a noun or a pronoun.
F. A word that can take different meanings
depending on the context.

What I Can Do
Activity 9: Check it out
Directions: Add a prefix and a suffix to each root word to form new word. Use the new word
in a sentence.

Ex: un + doubt + ed Sentence: Emma was undoubted about what happened

yesterday.

prefix root word suffix new word sentence

plan
charge
button
infect
fortunate

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Activity 10: Do as I Say

Directions: Fill in any of the missing base part using the following given suffixes to form
new words. See the example.

Example Suffix
Adjective

nation -al national

1. -ed
2. -less
3. -en
4. -ary
5. -ate
6. -ful
7. -ly
8. -ent
9. -ory
10. -some

Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully, and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following words can either mean a season or the act of rapidly moving
downwards?
A. Fall
B. Spring
C. Summer
D. Winter

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2. What is an expanded definition of words?
A. A word that can provide factual information
B. A word that can take different meaning depending on the context
C. A word that can use to expand an idea
D. A word that can connect thoughts and opinions

3. When do we use a definite article in a sentence?

A. We use it to tell something about a point of view of a person.
B. We use it to give specific information about things.
C. We use it to point out one specific person, place, thing or idea.
D. We use it to follow specific rules and guidelines.

4. How can we identify if the word is an adjective?

A. If it describes a verb and adverb
B. If it describes a noun or pronoun
C. If it describes a preposition
D. If it describes a conjunction

5. What do we call the words a, an and the?

A. Predicate adjective
B. Demonstrative adjective
C. Comparative adjective
D. Special adjective articles

6. Which among the choices is NOT an adjective?

A. An
B. Tall
C. Cabin
D. Old

7. When a set of letters added at the beginning or end of a base word to modify its meaning,
we call it _________.
A. affix

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 B. prefix
C. suffix
D. infix

8. Which of the following words is an example of an affix?

A. Cycle
B. International
C. Monologue
D. Sorrowful

9. What word is used to describe or modify a noun or a pronoun?

A. Adverb
B. Verb
C. Affix
D. Adjective

10. When a set of letters added at the end of the root word, we call it ________.
A. Prefix
B. Suffix
C. Infix
D. Affix

Additional Activity
(Optional)

Directions: Give the complete word for each item by studying the highlighted portion of the
sentence as well as its general context. Use all clues available to complete the word fragment.

1. Below-grade materials are often referred to as __________ standard in quality.

2. People in a __________ cession move forward.

3. ______scopic issues that involve many factors are generally hard to tackle.

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4. Software designed to destroy computer viruses are known as ______viruses.

5. If you have the link between the agencies, you are _____connected

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