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Microbiology Principles and Explorations 10th Edition Black Test Bank
Microbiology Principles and Explorations 10th Edition Black Test Bank
1) Microbes live in us, on us and nearly everywhere around us. Which of the following activities
are microbes involved in?
d) All of these
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
2) Which of the following is a reason microorganisms are useful in many different research
laboratories (such as ecology, biochemistry, evolution and genetics)?
d) They live everywhere so contaminants from the environment are not a problem.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
3) Microbiology is the study of bacteria, algae, fungi, viruses and protozoa. Most of these are
single-celled, except for which two:
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
a) protozoa
d) fungi
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
5) While a doctor may diagnose and treat a patient who presents with a disease, an
epidemiologist:
a) helps in the development and use of vaccines
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
a) Even though they could not see microbes the Greeks and Romans knew that they caused
disease and could be transmitted.
b) The ancient Mosaic laws in the bible forbid the burial of waste and encouraged the separation
of lepers and other diseased individuals.
c) All ancient civilizations thought that disease struck people that were morally corrupt.
d) Infectious diseases did not have much impact on the survival of people in ancient civilizations.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
8) The English scientist Robert Hooke coined the term cell because the small boxes he saw in the
microscope reminded him of a monk’s room. What is the cell theory that was later proposed?
a) Cells are fundamental units of life.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
9) All of the following statements agree with the germ theory of disease, except:
b) maggots only grow on meat that is left in an open flask because microbes are transmitted by
flies and do not spontaneously generate
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.4 Describe the scientific contributions that led to the acceptance of
the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the role microbes play in disease.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.4
10) Louis Pasteur made several important contributions to microbiology. These included
studying wine making, identifying diseases in silkworms and which of the following:
c) using a swan-necked flask to prove that air contained the vital force that brought microbes
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
c) strict in that microorganisms isolated from experimentally inoculated hosts had to be different
from the microorganism that was introduced into the host.
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.4 Describe the scientific contributions that led to the acceptance of
the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the role microbes play in disease.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.4
12) Koch developed tuberculin, which he hoped would be a vaccine against tuberculosis.
Tuberculin is:
b) responsible for definitively proving that one organism causes one disease
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.4 Describe the scientific contributions that led to the acceptance of
the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the role microbes play in disease.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.4
c) Lister aided infection control by encouraging wounds to be left open to the air instead of using
bandages.
d) Semmelweiss was ridiculed by physicians for his suggestion that physicians should wash their
hands and adopt more sanitary practices before seeing patients.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.4 Describe the scientific contributions that led to the acceptance of
the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the role microbes play in disease.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.4
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
b) Variolation involves infecting a person with dried scabs from lesions of people who had
recovered from the disease.
c) Variolation used chemicals produced from another microorganism to immunize against the
disease causing microbe.
d) Variolation leads to a controlled infection that induces immunity against further infection.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
16) Pasteur worked on rabies and cholera vaccine during the emergence of immunology. While
culturing a chicken cholera he noted that an old culture was weakened and useful as a vaccine as
it:
a) caused disease
d) did not cause disease symptoms and immunized against chicken cholera
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
17) Viruses were initially identified as small infectious agents that could pass through filters.
How was it believed that these agents could survive?
a) They had small compact structures that allowed for the production of metabolites and
replication.
b) They survived on the metabolites and poisons that pass through the filter.
c) They borrowed the use of existing metabolic and replicative mechanisms of the host cells they
infected.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
18) Because viruses could not be visualized using conventional microscopes further progress
required the development of techniques for isolating, propagating and analyzing viruses. All of
the following are true except:
a) crystal structure of the tobacco mosaic virus showed that it was made up of RNA and protein
c) viral DNA has a different structure from that discovered by Watson and Crick
d) Hershey and Chase demonstrated that the genetic material of some viruses is DNA
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
19) Before Ehrlich began a systematic search for a chemical to kill specific bacteria, the only
chemotherapies available were substances derived from medicinal plants. What distinguished
Ehrlich’s chemotherapy research?
a) Ehrlich systematically tested hundreds of compounds for their ability to destroy specific
bacteria without damaging surrounding tissue.
c) Ehrlich inoculated his own son with fluid from a cowpox blíster.
d) Ehrlich introduced cinchona tree bark, a native American remedy to treat malaria.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
a) most bacteria that stopped the growth of other bacteria by producing antibiotics were soil
bacteria
b) Fleming noticed that a contaminant mold (Penicillium) prevented the growth of bacteria
adjacent to itself
c) an antibiotic was discovered in the sea after a scientist noted the absence of disease causing
organisms in the seawater where the sewage entered
d) sulfa drugs did not prove to be useful as the body converted them into inactive molecules
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
21) Microbiologists investigate problems by designing and carrying out experiments. What is
true about the scientific method?
a) A hypothesis is the definitive explanation to account for the observation and therefore does
not need to be tested.
b) A prediction is the factor that can change but is prevented from changing during the duration
of the experiment.
c) A good hypothesis is one that offers the simplest most reasonable explanation and can be
tested.
d) The goal of an experiment is to prove that scientists are always correct in their predictions.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
22) To design a good experiment, an investigator must consider all variables that might affect the
outcome. What is a variable?
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
23) Microbes have played important roles in genetics and in the discovery of DNA as the genetic
material. What discoveries depended on bacteria?
a) The ability of a previously harmless bacterium to change into a disease-causing bacterium was
due to DNA acquisition.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
24) Microbiology continues to be an important research field for all of the following reasons,
except:
a) all infectious diseases have had vaccines developed and therefore can be prevented
d) microorganisms can be used as factories to cheaply produce drugs, hormones and vaccines
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
b) viruses that attack and kill specific kinds of bacteria including antibiotic resistant bacteria
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
Question type: Multiple-Choice
b) all of the genome is made up of useful genes whose function we already know.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
27) Over 100 microbial genomes have been sequenced. Beyond yielding insight into microbial
genetics, these sequencing projects have been important because:
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
a) viruses
b) bacteria
c) protozoa
d) worms
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
a) bioremediation
b) pasteurization
c) immunization
d) fermentation
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
30) A substance derived from one microorganism that kills or restricts the growth of other
microorganisms is best described as a.
a) poison
b) antibody
c) vaccine
d) antibiotic
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
31) Microbiology is the study of microorganisms which include all of the following
except:
a) bacteria
b) viruses
c) plants
d) protozoa
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
a) Chicken pox
b) Measles
c) Smallpox
d) Mumps
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology..
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
a) bacteria
b) protozoa
c) fungi
d) viruses
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
a) Arthropods
b) Protozoa
c) Fungi
d) Helminths
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
36) Collecting information and tracking the spread of disease is the primary responsibility of
what U. S. government agency
Answer: b
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
37) The first person to use a microscope to observe cells invisible to the naked eye was:
a) Robert Hooke
b) Matthias Schleiden
d) Louis Pasteur
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1. 3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1. 3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1. 3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
40) Edward Jenner is best known for what contribution to the developing field of microbiology?
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
41) From the following choices, who is not known primarily for their work with antibiotics?
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Gregor Mendel
c) Selman Waksman
d) Gerhard Domagk
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
Question type: Multiple-Choice
43) The field of ___________ involves studying how a person defends him/ herself against
microbial infection.
a) molecular biology
b) virology
c) mycology
d) immunology
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
a) pathogenic
b) phagocytic
c) virulent
d) algae
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Summarize the importance of specialized fields in microbiology,
including immunology, virology, chemotherapy, and molecular biology.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
45) The study of chemical reactions that occur in microbes is called _____.
a) microbial ecology
b) taxonomy
c) microbial metabolism
d) epidemiology
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.1 Explain the roles that microbes play in our world, outlining their
beneficial and harmful contributions and uses in research.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.1
Question type: Multiple-Choice
a) It originally involved heating a substance to 56°C in the absence of oxygen for 30 minutes.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.3 Outline the historical milestones that contributed to the
development of microbiology as a scientific discipline.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.3
47) Bacteriophages have been successfully used in all of the following circumstances, except:
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.5 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.5
48) Bioterrorism:
c) prevents getting bacteria into ground beef to keep our food supply safe
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.6 Explain how advances in microbiological sciences have positively
impacted medicine, agriculture, and food science.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.6
b) a light microscope
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2
a) algae
Microbiology Principles and Explorations 10th Edition Black Test Bank
b) bacteria
c) viruses
d) prions
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: LO 1.2 Distinguish between the different major taxonomical groups of
microbes based on their cellular structure and the fields of microbiology with which they are
frequently associated.
Section Reference 1: Section 1.2