Title: The Rise of BJP and the Downfall of Congress: A Political Analysis

(1989-2019)
Introduction: The period from 1989 to 2019 witnessed significant changes in
Indian politics, marked by the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the
decline of the Indian National Congress. This project aims to provide an overview
of this transformative era, highlighting key events, factors, and consequences that
shaped the political landscape of India.
1. Background:
 Briefly introduce the historical context of Indian politics leading up to 1989.
 Mention the dominance of the Indian National Congress during the post-
independence period.
2. Rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP):
 Discuss the formation of the BJP in 1980 and its ideological foundations as a
right-wing nationalist party.
 Highlight the role of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement and the Babri Masjid
demolition in 1992 as a turning point.
 Explain how BJP positioned itself as an alternative to Congress by focusing
on issues like national security, economic reforms, and cultural nationalism.
 Emphasize the charismatic leadership of figures like Atal Bihari Vajpayee
and Narendra Modi.
3. Factors Contributing to BJP's Rise:
 Describe the appeal of Hindutva ideology to a segment of the population.
 Discuss effective use of mass media, communication, and election
campaigning strategies.
 Mention the alliance-building efforts that broadened the party's support base.
 Highlight economic liberalization policies and their impact on BJP's image.
4. Downfall of the Indian National Congress:
 Explain the challenges faced by Congress, including internal factionalism
and leadership struggles.
 Discuss the anti-incumbency factor and public dissatisfaction with
corruption and governance issues.
 Highlight how BJP's effective communication portrayed Congress as a party
disconnected from the common people.
5. Key Elections and Milestones:
 Briefly analyze important general elections during this period, such as 1996,
1998, 2004, 2014, and 2019.
 Discuss BJP's electoral gains and Congress's losses in terms of seats and
vote share.
6. Role of Leadership:
 Compare the leadership styles of prominent figures like Rajiv Gandhi, Sonia
Gandhi, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, and Narendra Modi.
 Discuss the impact of leadership on party morale, public perception, and
policy-making.
7. Socio-Political Implications:
 Explain how the rise of BJP and the decline of Congress impacted India's
foreign policy, economic reforms, and social dynamics.
 Discuss the role of regional parties and coalition politics in shaping the
national political landscape.
8. Conclusion:
 Summarize the major points discussed in the project.
 Reflect on the significance of the BJP's rise and Congress's downfall for
Indian democracy.
 Consider the lessons that can be drawn from this era in terms of political
strategies and public sentiment.
References:
 Provide a list of sources (books, articles, websites) used to gather
information for the project.
Title: Election 2019 - Rise of BJP and Downfall of Congress (1989-
2019)
Introduction:
 Briefly introduce the two major political parties in India: Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (Congress).
 State the focus of your project: analyzing the rise of BJP and the
decline of Congress from 1989 to 2019.
Historical Context:
 Provide a brief overview of the political landscape in India during
the late 1980s and early 1990s.
 Mention key events that marked the beginning of BJP's rise and
Congress's challenges.
Rise of BJP:
 Discuss the formation and growth of the Bharatiya Janata Party
(BJP) as a political entity.
 Highlight BJP's efforts to consolidate the Hindu nationalist base
and its role in the Ram Janmabhoomi movement.
 Discuss key leaders like Atal Bihari Vajpayee and L.K. Advani
and their contributions to the party's rise.
 Mention BJP's electoral victories in various states and the impact
of these victories on its national standing.
Challenges Faced by Congress:
  Describe the challenges that the Indian National Congress began to
face during the same period.
 Mention internal issues within Congress, leadership changes, and
factionalism that affected its unity.
 Discuss Congress's perceived inability to address emerging issues
and connect with the changing aspirations of the Indian electorate.
Election Milestones:
 Highlight significant general elections between 1989 and 2019 and
their outcomes.
 Discuss the shifts in political dynamics, such as the "Mandal-
Mandir" politics and economic liberalization, and their impact on
the two parties.
Major Election Results:
 List some key election results that had a significant impact on the
rise of BJP and the decline of Congress.
 Mention the 1996, 1998, 2004, 2014, and 2019 general elections
and the factors that influenced these outcomes.
BJP's National Ascendancy:
 Discuss BJP's strategies to expand its electoral reach beyond its
traditional base.
 Highlight the role of media, technology, and campaigns in
promoting BJP's ideology and leaders.
 Mention the "Modi wave" and how Narendra Modi's leadership
played a pivotal role in BJP's growth.
Congress's Attempts at Revival:
 Discuss the attempts made by the Indian National Congress to
revive its political fortunes.
 Mention efforts to rebrand the party, engage with youth, and
address key issues like corruption and governance.
Conclusion:
  Summarize the key points discussed in the project.
 Reflect on the factors that contributed to the rise of BJP and the
decline of Congress.
 Emphasize the importance of understanding these political changes
in India's recent history.
References:
 Include a list of sources, books, articles, and websites you used to
gather information for your project.

Extra content
2. Rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): Discuss the factors that
led to the BJP's emergence as a prominent political force during this
period.
 Ram Janmabhoomi Movement: Explain how the BJP capitalized
on the Ram Janmabhoomi movement, advocating for the
construction of a Ram temple in Ayodhya.
 Leadership: Highlight the leadership of figures like Atal Bihari
Vajpayee and L.K. Advani in building the party's image and
influence.
 Hindutva Ideology: Describe how the party's Hindutva ideology
resonated with a significant section of the population.
 Coalition Politics: Discuss the BJP's strategic alliances with other
parties, especially in the National Democratic Alliance (NDA),
which helped it gain power at the national level.
3. Downfall of the Indian National Congress: Examine the reasons
behind the decline of the Indian National Congress during this period.
 Leadership Crisis: Explain how the Congress struggled with
leadership changes and a lack of strong, charismatic leaders.
 Corruption Allegations: Discuss the impact of corruption
scandals and allegations on the Congress's credibility.
 Economic Reforms: Analyze how the Congress's economic
policies, including liberalization and globalization, received mixed
reactions from the public.
 Failure to Connect: Highlight the Congress's struggle to connect
with a changing demographic and respond effectively to grassroots
issues.
4. Key Elections and Outcomes: Highlight some key elections and
their outcomes during this period.
 1991 General Elections: Discuss the post-assassination sympathy
wave that helped the Congress but also the emergence of non-
Congress parties.
 1996 and 1998 Elections: Explain the fractured mandate
scenarios, leading to unstable governments and the BJP's growing
influence.
 1999 General Elections: Describe the BJP-led NDA's victory and
Atal Bihari Vajpayee becoming the Prime Minister.
 2014 General Elections: Analyze the BJP's landslide victory
under Narendra Modi's leadership.
 2019 General Elections: Discuss the continuation of the BJP's
dominance and its return to power.