Final Na Print Now
Final Na Print Now
JULY 2023
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A barangay is the smallest political unit in the country, it is just a small portion of a
given town or a city which can be composed only of a few streets, unlike a city which is a
place of greater size. For a small unit of government, the barangay structure is not a simple
one. It has an elected Punong Barangay, a Sangguniang Barangay consisting of seven elected
members and the Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman, and a separate appointive secretary and
an appointive treasurer (altogether 11 barangay officials). While the Local Government Code
provides a maximum of twenty (20) tanods in each barangay, it may create more as may be
necessary to carry out the purposes of the barangay government in accordance with the needs
of public service, subject to the budgetary limitations of the barangay. In a barangay there is a
Barangay Police Officer or Barangay Tanod to ensure the safety of the community and is the
lowest level of law enforcement officers in the Philippines. They are not part of the
Philippine National Police but they do cooperate with them. Tanods are "front liners' ' in the
preparation and response to any type of atrocities, public disorders, emergencies and even
disasters or man-made calamities that threaten peace and order and public safety. They also
assist the barangay officials in the effective exercises of law enforcement for the maintenance
A barangay tanod, also known as a barangay police officer – and sometimes as BPSO
(which can stand for barangay public safety officer, barangay peacekeeping and security
officer, or barangay police safety officer) – is the lowest level of law enforcement officer in
the Philippines. Orientation on their duties and task, training program and amendments to
honorarium were proposed for the improvement of the Barangay Police Safety Officers level
of effectiveness manifested in their individual performance. The society is faced with various
social problems and concerns. One of these problems is criminality, which affects all parts of
the country and every aspect of community life. The problem of criminality is aggravated due
to the population growth, unemployment and rapid urbanization. There is no single formula
and theory that can explain the vast range of criminal behaviour. In case of barangay tanod,
their training, education and actual performance on the job, provide for them the capability to
analyse the factors regarding their effectiveness. The barangay officials vis-à-vis with the
community must know their role and their contribution to the barangay tanod’s functions and
The performance of barangay tanod was high as an entire group and when classified
as to age, as to elementary to high school graduate, length of service, and training. These
manifest the seriousness and dedication of barangay tanod in performing their task as law
enforcers in the barangay. Further, maybe the barangay tanod were properly oriented, well-
motivated to the task assigned to them for better performance in compliance with the
provision of the local government code and revised penal code. No significant differences
were noted in the performance of barangay tanod classified as to various categories. This
showed that regardless of the stated variables, a strong confidence of all barangay tanod to
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Statement of the Problem
The general aim of this study is to determine the needs and capability of Barangay
Tanod in Barangay Santa Monica, Puerto Princesa City in relation to their functions.
of:
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Civil Status
2. What is the capability of the Baragay Tanod in the performance of their functions?
3. What are the needs of the respondents in relation to their function in terms of
equipment?
Hypothesis
There is no significant difference between the factors that affects the needs and
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Significance of the Study
The study is useful because it enables individuals who are interested in recognizing
For the Municipal Administration, this study would provide practical knowledge
about the basic necessities of the tanods and will help mostly in formulation of the best
solutions and programs that should be implemented in order to improve their performance as
community peacekeepers.
For the Community it will inform about the crucial rule of the Barangay Tanod in
maintaining peace and order in their community, as well as encourage people to cooperate in
their Tanods.
For Barangay Tanod, this would serve as rationale for them in addressing their
demands, allowing them to perform better in their duties and attracting the attention of the
relevant government agency responsible for meeting the needs of barangay tanod in Santa
For the Criminology Department and Criminology Students, the study will give
them the idea about the real problems does the Barangay Tanods have in accordance with
their duty as law enforcer and maintenance of peace and order in their Barangay.
For the Future Researchers, this study will set as a guide for them for the future
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Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The study will focus on determining the capabilities and needs of the Barangay Tanod
in connection to their functions. The study will be conducted at Santa Monica of Puerto
Princesa City. The respondents will be the deputized tanod of the Barangay. As said, this
study will be delimited in finding the needs and abilities of the Barangay Police Security
Officer (TANOD) of the selected locale. It will also try to determine the level of awareness of
their mandated function. The mentioned needs are confined to the equipment and training
relevant to their function. Other needs will not be included. The capability is limited on the
identified parameters used by the researchers in the instruments. Moreover, this study has
nothing to do with how respondent’s function effectively in their barangay and other related
matters.
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CHAPTER II
Related Literature
important role in the development and progress of the Barangay. It is one of the
implementating mechanisms of the Barangay peace and order Committee which has the
primary task of safeguarding that peace and order prevail in the Barangay. Police officers
nowadays face a wide range of problems as far as peacekeeping concern and one of the chief
constraints of the effectiveness of the police is dealing with crimes, therefore, more and crime
needs the traditional responce of citizenry. Violence and insecurity are to tackle those
of stakeholders and with the municipal/barangay government executives to take to the lead.
Civil society becomes the convener groups, the police do the leg works and the community
cooperatig to fight crime. Meaningful programs on crime prevention and suspension should
Nelson G Laru-an et al. (2013) In case of barangay Tanod, their training, education
and actual performance on the job, provide for them the capability to analyze the factors
regarding their effectiveness. The Barangay officials vis-a-vis the community must know
their role and their contribution to the barangay tanod’s functions and services. The residents,
primarily the head of the family, will be selected to present this undertaking.
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The impact is on the barangay tanod’s success or failure in the performance of their
duties and the degree of relationship between each respondent in the exercise of their
According to Vladimer Desuyo Pionilla (2020) Barangay is the Philippines’ basic unit
of government. Each barangay is under the administration and supervision of cities and
Philippines. In every barangay there are barangay tanod which play an important part in the
development and progress of the barangay. They conduct nightly patrols, necessarily
exposing their lives and limbs to danger in the hands of criminal elements and other waymard
members of society. Barangay Officials create a policy on the duties and function of the
Barangay Tanod and they work together towards a common goal. They have an important
According to Ac Rodriguez (2013) In all aspects of Government exist the socil and
economic services needed by the people such as benefits, free education, livelihood
programs, and most importantly, their security and the protection of their individual and
community rights. Barangay, being the basic unit of the local government, plays an important
role in the development of our nation. The status of peace and order in a barangay illuminates
that a peaceful barangay is a peaceful country. Peace and order help in maintaining economic
resources, conventional socialization practices and the value of the barangay justice system,
juvenile courts and correctional facilities are used less often than the juvenile code would
suggest and this situation is likely to continue. Several businesses are already introducing
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programs to help motivate the public even from the level of barangay, as a way to help curb
Officers serving as an auxiliary of the Philippine National Police are considered as force
hesitate to risk their lives just to ensure the security of the people in their respective Barangay
(Benitez, 2013).
entire group and when classified as to age, as to elementary to high school graduate,length of
service, and training attended. These manifest the seriousness and dedication of barangay
tanod in performing their task as law enforcers in the barangay. Further. Maybe the barangay
tanod were properly oriented, well-motivated to the task assigned to them for better
performance in compliance with the provision of the local government code and revised
penal code. No significant differences were noted in the performance of barangay Tanod
classified into various categories. This showed that regardless of the stated variables a strong
confidence of all barangay Tanod to manage and perform their commitment and motivations
to the service, and training attended, they still maintain the same performance of
preventing crime because of improper routine of duties and functions like conduct patrol or
establishments and to include lack of sufficient orientation. It also reveals that the Barangay
Tanod encountered serious problems in crime prevention in the following aspects: lack of
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vehicle when conducting patrol, insufficient training like self-defense techniques and
insufficient equipment like baton, handcuff and other equipment for crime prevention.
According to the Local Government Code of 1991, Republic Act No. 7160, the role of
the Barangay in assures the peace and order in the barangay level. Pursuant to DILG
Memorandum Circular 2003-42, professionalizing these BPSOs ensures that peace and order
and public reference to public safety. As the basic political unit, the creation of the Barangay
security is sustained as the key factorin Barangay’s growth. Provided in the DILG’s trainers
guidebook, the barangay Tanod’s duties and responsibilities include: assissting barangay
reporting to the offices concerned of any disruptions or unjust events, tracking the presence
and actions of criminals and illegal elements; assisting police and “Lupang Tagapamayapa”
in the execution of warrants and other judicial proceedings; and other means deemed
appropriate in the prevention of crime. Public safety or its absence, impacts the lives of
Conceptual Framework
service in maintaining peace and order in barangays. Their night patrols safeguard the
community at the risk of exposing their lives to unlawful citizens lurking the community.
Under the measure to be known as the "Barangay Community Peace and Order
Council Act," every barangay shall organize a Barangay Community Peace and Order
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and maintains public order and safety in the community level. In all aspects of Government
exist the social and economic services needed by the people such as benefits, free education,
livelihood programs, and most importantly, their security and the protection of their
individual and community rights. Barangay, being the basic unit of the local government,
plays an important role in the development of our nation. The status of peace and order in a
barangay illuminates that a peaceful barangay is a peaceful country. Peace and order help in
The status of the barangay tanods needs and capabilities will be determined in this
study. The concept is explained through a paradigm. The flow and their interpretation are
shown.
Research Paradigm
Capability of Barangay
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Definition of Terms
For a clear comprehension of the terms used in this study, The following terms were
operationally defined
Age
Barangay Tanod
A barangay tanod, also known as a barangay police officer – and sometimes as BPSO
– is the lowest level of law enforcement officer in the Philippines. He is a watchman for a
barangay who is supervised by the barangay captain and performs a variety of police
functions.
Barangay
the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan
areas, the term often refers to an inner neighborhood, a suburb, or a suburban neighborhood
or even a borough.
Capability
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It refers to the ability of the barangay tanod to perform its function.
Demographic Profile
It refers to the information regarding the age, gender, educational attainment, and
Equipment
It refers to the primary needs of a Barangay Tanod which they used in the
Function
Knowledge of function
It refers to the basic knowledge of the Barangay Tanod acquired through training and
Length of Service
It refers to how many years the respondents are serving us a Barangay Tanod.
This refers to the necessities of barangay tanods in performing their duties and
Relevant Training
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It refers to the activities such as training or seminars concerning the development of
barangay tanod.
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the discussion on the research locale, the research design that
will used, the respondents of the study, instrumentation, data collection procedure, and the
The study was conducted in Santa Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan. The
respondents will be interviewed in their houses or any comfortable means that the
respondents will choose to. The respondents will be interviewed via video or in any means
available.
Research Design
The Descriptive research design will be used in this study. Descriptive research is
descriptive research design, specifically the survey method is a field of applied statistics of
human research surveys. Survey methodology studies the sampling of individual units from a
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population and associated techniques of survey data collection, such as questionnaires. This
method will be utilized in gathering information about the needs and capabilities of Barangay
A letter of permission sent to the Barangay Captain of Barangay Santa Monica, Puerto
Princesa City requesting their Barangay Tanod to answer the questionnaire regarding to the
FUNCTIONS”.
Statistical Treatment
The statistical tools used in this study are the following (1) percentile technique, (2)
frequency, (3) 4-point Likert scale questionnaire interpretation procedure. The frequency was
used to compute the respondent’s total demographic profile; meanwhile, the percentage was
Research Instruments
This study will adopt a survey instrument that was previously created to assess the
needs and capabilities of Barangay Tanod in Puerto Princesa City (Herrera, 2012). Selected
questions, however, were used to focus on the present research topic of interest and were
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drawn from Odasco’s survey. Permissions were granted to the researcchers by the two
The questionnaire is in the form of a checklist consisting of four parts. The first part is
the demographic profile of the barangay tanod. The second part deals with the level of
awareness of the respondents on their role. The third part asks about the capabilities of the
respondents in carrying out their functions and the last part is their needs in terms of
CHAPTER IV
This chapter contains a detailed presentation and discussion of data analysis and the
1. Demographic Profile
1.1 Age
25-30 10 50%
31-36 10 50%
Table 1.1 shows the frequency and percentage of the age of barangay tanod in Sta. Monica.
1.2 Gender
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GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
FEMALE 1 5%
MALE 19 95%
Table 1.2 shows the gender of the barangay tanod in Sta. Monica. The majority of them are
male.
SINGLE 10 50%
MARRIED 10 50%
Table 1.3 shows the civil statuses of the barangay tanod in Sta. Monica.
Questions Very Poor Poor Acceptable Good Very Good Total Mean Interpretation
Score Score
(F) (P) (F) (P) (F) (P) (F) (P) (F) (%)
Table 2. shows the Frequency and Mean Score of the results in the capabilities of the
Questions: YES NO
Do you have this
equipment?
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Cellphone 20 100% 0 0
Flashlight 20 100% 0 0
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First- Aid kit 19 95% 1 5%
Ambulance 19 95% 1 5%
Table 3. shows the results of equipment the barangay tanod have and what they do not have.
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CHAPTER V
Summary
The researchers collected the data of the Barangay Tanod in Santa Monica with a total
of 20 respondents. The first part of the data is the demographic profile of the participants age,
gender, and civil status. 50% of the participants' age is ranging from 25-30 and 50% is
ranging from 31-36. Majority of the participants are male, 95% and 5% are female. In table
1.3, it shows that 50% are married and 50% are single.
Table 2 shows the result of the data collected with questions concerning the capabilities
of the barangay tanod to perform their duty and function. The overall data shows that the
barangay tanod in Santa Monica have acceptable capabilities to perform their duty.
In table 3, 80% of the respondents mostly do not have handcuffs, the rest of the
Conclusion
The researchers concluded that the Barangay Tanod have satisfactory capabilities to
perform their duties, but they could still improve their skills to upgrade the quality of their
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Recommendations
To the Barangay of Sta. Monica, conduct seminars about self defense and arnis to
improve the barangay tanod’s capabilities, and produce necessary equipment a barangay
To the Barangay Tanod, learn proper first-aid procedure and different self defense to
improve their knowledge and skills, and to ensure the public’s safety.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
REFERENCES
Bentez, Abegail. B. (2013). Bill gives barangay tanod’s kids 50% discount in tuition
In SUCs. Retrieved from:
http://www.remate.ph/baguio/opinion/bayanbaranagaytanod-sytem
Bayan, Neri (2011, February 24). “The Barangay Tanod System”. Sun.Star Retrieved from:
http://www.sunstar.com.ph/baguio/opinion/bayan-barangaytanod-system
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX B. Letter of request of the Dean of Fullbright Collge
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APPENDIX C. Survey Questionare
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APPENDIX D. Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL DATA
AGE: 22
SEX: Male
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
PERSONAL DATA
AGE: 22
SEX: Male
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
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Primary : Manlag Elementary School 2006 - 2013
PERSONAL DATA
Palawan
AGE: 21
SEX: Female
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
27
Puerto Princesa City, Palawan
PERSONAL DATA
AGE: 23
SEX: Male
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
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Puerto Princesa City, Palawan
PERSONAL DATA
AGE: 27
SEX: Male
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
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APPENDIX E. Documentary of Data Gathering
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