Personality Psychology Canadian 1st Edition Larsen Solutions Manual
Personality Psychology Canadian 1st Edition Larsen Solutions Manual
Personality Psychology Canadian 1st Edition Larsen Solutions Manual
Chapter 2
Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research
Design
Chapter Outline
Sources of Personality Data
Test-Data (T-Data)
Information provided by standardized tests or testing situations
Reliability
Degree to which measure represents “true” level of trait being measured
Types of reliability
Test-retest reliability: scores at one administration positively correlate
with scores at second administration
Inter-rater reliability: applicable only to observer-based personality
measures; ratings provided by one observer correlate with ratings
provided by another observer
Internal consistency reliability: items within test positively correlate
Response Sets
Acquiescence: Tendency to agree with items, regardless of content;
psychologists counteract by reverse-keying some items
Extreme responding: Tendency to give endpoint responses
Social desirability: Tendency to answer items in such a way so that one comes
across as socially attractive or likable
Two views on social desirability:
Represents distortion and should be eliminated or reduced
Resolved by (1) measuring and statistically removing,
(2) designing surveys that are less susceptible to this
response set, or (3) using forced-choice format
Valid part of other desirable personality traits, such as
agreeableness, and should be studied
Self-deceptive optimism versus impression
management
Highlight on Canadian Research: The Balanced Inventory of
Desirable Responding
Validity
Degree to which test measures what it claims to measure
Types of validity
Face validity: whether test appears to measure what it is supposed to
measure
Predictive or criterion validity: whether test predicts criteria external to
the test that it is expected to predict
Convergent validity: whether test score correlates with other measures
that it should correlate with
Discriminant validity: whether test score does not correlate with other
measures it should not correlate with