EXEMPLAR SCIENCE LESSON PLAN

GRADE LEVEL QUARTER/DOMAIN DATE PAGE NO.

10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 1

I. OBJECTIVES
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the images formed by the different
A. Content Standards
types of mirrors and lenses
The learner shall be able to construct an improvised optical instrument (periscope,
B. Performance
telescope, pinhole camera, etc.) using readily available materials that will show the
Standards
properties of mirrors and lenses.
The learner should be able to apply ray diagramming techniques in describing the
characteristics and positions of images formed by lenses.
C. Learning (S10FE-IIg-51)
Competencies/
Objectives Specifically, at the end of the session, 80% of the learners should be able to:
Write the LC code a. construct ray diagrams to determine the location, orientation, size, and type
for each of images formed by the curved mirror;
b. describe the image formed in a curved mirror.

II. CONTENT Lights: Images Formed in Curved Mirrors

III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
145-147
pages
2. Learner’s Materials
184-189
pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials
from Learning
Resource (LR) portal
B. Other Learning
Science and technology textbook for fourth year, revised edition, 2004, SEMP.
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing previous
lesson or presenting
the new lesson

(a) (b)

1. Given the illustrations above, ask the learners to identify which represents
aconcave mirror and a convex mirror.
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GRADE LEVEL QUARTER/DOMAIN DATE PAGE NO.

10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 2

2. Ask the learners to point the following key important using the illustration above
2.1. Center of the sphere of which the mirror is part. Its distance from the mirror is
known as the radius,
2.2. The center of the mirror.
2.3. The point between the center of the curvature and vertex.

 Have the learners discuss the Images formed in a curved mirror through
ray diagramming. The P – F ray, F – P ray, C – C ray and the V ray. (The
‘Four Principal Rays’) in curve mirrors.
 Have the learners intensify the concept that the rays are applied for
B. Establishing a concave and convex mirrors.
purpose for the
Note:
lesson
1. The learners will construct the ray diagramming mentioned above.
2. Please see attached diagram and the description of the four principal rays both
concave and convex mirrors.

This activity is done through demonstration.

Have learners determine the position and nature of the image graphically using the
‘Four Principal Rays’.

Ask: What do you think ray diagramming is used in the graphical method of
locating the image?

Have learners demonstrate ray diagramming steps using the ‘Four Principal Rays’
in determining the position and the nature of the image of an
object formed by concave mirror and convex mirror.
1. From the object, draw the first ray (P – F ray). From the same point on the
C. Presenting object, draw the second (F – P ray), third (C – C ray), and fourth (V ray)
examples/instances rays.
of the new lesson
Have learners demonstrate the following concept in the class:
1. The intersection of the four rays is the image point corresponding to the
object point. For example, if you started diagramming from the tip of the
arrow-shaped object, the intersection of the reflected rays is also the tip of
the arrow-shaped image. Thus, you can determine completely the position
and characteristics of the image.
2. For a convex mirror, light rays diverge after reflection and converge from a point
that seems to be behind the mirror (virtual focus); but the procedure for locating
images is the same as for concave mirror.
Note: This activity is done through demonstration.
D. Discussing new
concepts and
Please see attached learners activity.
practicing new skills
#1
Note:
E. Discussing new
Have learners use the four principal rays in constructing ray diagram to determine
concepts and
the location, orientation, size, and type of images formed by the curved mirror.
practicing new skills
#2
F. Developing mastery Ask: How does the location of the object affect the characteristics and location of
 EXEMPLAR SCIENCE LESSON PLAN

GRADE LEVEL QUARTER/DOMAIN DATE PAGE NO.

10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 3

(leads to Formative the image formed in a concave mirror? Convex mirror?

Assessment 3)
What type of mirror do dentists usually use to clearly see the images of our teeth?
G. Finding practical
Why?
applications of
concepts and skills
What kind of curved mirror do you see in most of the department
in daily living
stores? Why do they use such kind of mirror?
Big ideas:
Learners have conceptualized the concept below using conferencing.
In locating the image formed in curved mirror graphically, three important
points are considered. The following important points are enumerated below.
• Center of Curvature, C -the center of the sphere of which the mirror is part. Its
distance from the mirror is known as the radius.
• Vertex, V - the center of the mirror.
• Focal Point/ Focus, F – the point between the center of the curvature and vertex.
Its distance from the mirror is known as the focal length, f.

H. Making Learners have discuss and generalize the concept on the imaging properties of
generalizations and concave and convex mirrors:
abstractions about  When the object is placed beyond C of a concave mirror, the image is real,
the lesson inverted, smaller than the original object, and located between C and F.
 When the object is at C of a concave mirror, the image is real, inverted, the
same size as the original object, and located at C.
 When the object is located between C and F of a concave mirror, the
image is real, inverted, larger than the original object, and located beyond
C.
 When the object is located between the concave mirror and F, the image is
virtual, upright, larger than the original object, and located at C.
 For a convex mirror, the image is always upright, smaller than the original,
and virtual regardless of the position of the object.

Have the learners answer the following questions:

1. An object is 6 cm in front of convex mirror with a focal length of 6 cm. What is
the location of the image formed?
a. Between F and V
b. Between C and F
c. In front of the mirror
d. Can’t be determined
2. An object is placed between a concave mirror and its focal point. What is
the type and orientation of the image formed?
I. Evaluating learning a. virtual and inverted
b. virtual and erect
c. real and inverted
d. real and erect
3. What kind of mirror is used by department stores to give a wider area and
smaller image of the shoppers/buyers?
a. Plane mirror
b. Convex mirror
c. Concave mirror
d. None of the above
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J. Additional activities
for application or Make models of the diagrams using strings to represent light rays.
remediation
V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation
B. No. of learners who require additional activities for
remediation
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of learners who
have caught up with the lesson
D. No. of learners who continue to require remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies worked well? Why
did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which my principal
or supervisor can help me solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish to share with other
teachers?
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10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 5

TEACHER HANDOUT
1. Images Formed by Curved Mirrors
In locating the image formed in curved mirror graphically, three important points are considered. The
following important points are enumerated below.
(a) Concave Mirror (b) Convex Mirror
• Center of Curvature, C - the center of the sphere of which the mirror is part. Its distance from the
mirror is
known as the radius.
• Vertex, V - the center of the mirror.
• Focal Point/ Focus, F – the point between the center of the curvature and vertex. Its distance from the
mirror is known as the focal length, f.
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10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 6

The imaging properties of concave and convex mirrors:

 When the object is placed beyond C of a concave mirror, the image is real, inverted, smaller than
the original object, and located between C and F.
 When the object is at C of a concave mirror, the image is real, inverted, the same size as the
original object, and located at C.
 When the object is located between C and F of a concave mirror, the image is real, inverted,
larger than the original object, and located beyond C.
 When the object is located between the concave mirror and F, the image is virtual, upright, larger
than the original object, and located at C.

For a convex mirror, the image is always upright, smaller than the original, and virtual regardless of the
position of the object.
Location of Object Location Orientation ( upright Size ( same, Type ( real or
or inverted reduced or virtual)
enlarged
A. CONCAVE
At infinity
Farther than the Between C and Inverted Reduced real
Center of Curvature F
At the center of At C Inverted same Real
Curvature
Between the Center Beyond C Inverted enlarged real
of curvature and the
Focal point
At the focal point No image formed
Between the focal Behind the upright enlarged Virtual
point and the center mirror
of the lens
B. CONVEX
All locations Between F and V upright reduced virtual
Lesson Exemplar reference: Week 7 Day 4
 EXEMPLAR SCIENCE LESSON PLAN

GRADE LEVEL QUARTER/DOMAIN DATE PAGE NO.

10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 7

Topic:Lights: Images Formed in Curved Mirrors

IMAGE FORMED IN CURVED MIRRORS

(This activity is adapted from the lesson plans in Science IV, Unit II Energy in the Environment, Activity 2.5
Images formed by curved mirrors)

I. OBJECTIVE/S:
1. To differentiate concave mirror from convex mirror
2. To describe the location, size, and orientation of the images formed by curved mirrors
3. To recognize the uses and purpose of curved mirrors.

II. MATERIALS:
 Protractor
 Ruler
 Sheets of paper

III. PROCEDURE:
1. Using the protractor and the ruler, copy each of the diagrams (A – G) below on a separate sheet
of paper. As much as possible, use the four principal rays to locate the image formed in a curved
mirror.

Concave mirrors

A. B.

C F C F

C. D.

C F C F

E.
F
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10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 8

Convex Mirrors

F. G.

C F C F

2. Use a table below to summarize the characteristics and location of the images formed.

Location of Object Location Orientation Size ( same, Type ( real or

( upright or reduced or virtual)
inverted enlarged
A. CONCAVE
At infinity
Farther than the
Center of Curvature
At the center of
Curvature
Between the Center
of curvature and the
Focal point
At the focal point
Between the focal
point and the center
of the lens
B. CONVEX
All locations

IV. ANALYSIS
Part I:
Q1. How does the location of the object affect the characteristics and location of the image
formed in a concave mirror? Convex mirror?
Q2. What type of mirror do dentists usually use to clearly see the images of our teeth? Why?
Q3. What kind of curved mirror do you see in most of the department stores? Why do they use
such kind of mirror?
PART II:
Q4. An object is 6 cm in front of convex mirror with a focal length of 6 cm. What is the location of
the image formed?
a. Between F and V
b. Between C and F
c. In front of the mirror
d. Can’t be determined

Q5. An object is placed between a concave mirror and its focal point. What is
the type and orientation of the image formed?
a. virtual and inverted
b. virtual and erect
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10 2ND QUARTER/ FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY 9

c. real and inverted

d. real and erect
Q6. What kind of mirror is used by department stores to give a wider area and
smaller image of the shoppers/buyers?
a. Plane mirror
b. Convex mirror
c. Concave mirror
d. None of the above