Organization and

Management
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
The Meaning, Functions, Types
and Theories of Management
Organization and Management – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: The Meaning, Functions, Types and Theories of Management
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Development Team of the Module

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Editor : Hazel May S. Barcial
Reviewer : Charina C. Dizon
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 Organization and
Management
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
The Meaning, Functions,
Types and Theories of
Management
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Organization and Management – Grade 11 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Meaning, Functions, Types and Theories of

Management!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or

facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum

while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also

aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into

consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the

body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this

module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to

manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist

the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

1
For the learner:

Welcome to the Organization and Management – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on The Meaning, Functions, Types and theories of Management!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

2
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

3
 What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, the learner will be able to:

1. discuss the meaning, functions, types and theories of management.
(ABM_AOM11-Ia-b-1);
2. identify and explain the various functions and theories of management.
(ABM_AOM11-Ia-b-2); and
3. to appreciate the value of management and its concept in dealing with real life
scenarios.

A. Word Maze!

WORD SEARCH. Find the words that corresponds to the clues given below. It can
be Horizontally (forward or backward), Vertically (up or down).

LET’S GET STARTED! JOURNEY TO MANAGEMENT.

4
Clues:

1. The management theory proposed by Frederick W. Taylor.

2. Involves the proper selection, appraisal and development of employees to fill in

the various job positions.

3. It is the primary function of management that deals with the establishment of

the organizational goals along with the specific actions to be done.

4. The management theory that aims to provide customer satisfaction.

5. It pertains with the setting of standards of performance among employees that

will be used as a basis for their proper evaluation.

6. This involves the delegation of tasks obtained from the planning stage to various

individuals or groups in order to put plans into action.

7. Father of Modern management. Henri Fayol proponent of Administrative Theory

8. This task gives clear instruction to workers on what task to perform.

9. This theory believes that power or authority can draw obedience from the

employees.

10. It is the ability of a person to do the right things.

11. He is known as the “Father of Scientific Management.

12. It is the process of supervising the over-all operation of the people and other

resources towards the attainment of the organization’s goals.

13. The ability of an individual to maximize the output through using a minimum

inputs and that is by doing the things right.

14. It is the integration of the various efforts of individual or groups in unity to

achieve a common goal.

15. He developed the Bureaucratic management.

5
Lesson The Meaning, Functions,
1 Types and Theories of
Management

Blocking the Barriers

Coordination-is the integration of

the various efforts of individual or
groups in unity to achieve a
common goal.

Efficiency- ability of an individual

to generate maximum output using
a minimum input by doing the
things right.

Effectiveness- is the ability of an

individual in creating a desired
result or output by doing the right
things

In every organization whether it is small or big, public or private, local or

international and profit or non-profit oriented needs to have a good management

system in order to achieve their set organizational goals and this can be possibly

realized if there will be coordination, efficiency and effectiveness among the

people together with the various resources within the organization.

Management, plays a vital role in every company, whether it is a simple sari-

sari store or a big corporation, for it can define where will it be in the future and

whether it will become successful or not. It is quite clear that it’s success rely on

how effective and efficient the manager will perform all the management functions

as well as the type of approach to be implemented.

6
 What’s In

In order for us to understand more about MANAGEMENT, let us make a

graphic organizer using it and think of any ideas that are related with the term and
give a short explanation of your answer.

MANAGEMENT

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in
guiding the learners.

7
 What’s New

Note: (It is better po, if the resources will also have an illustrated pictures)

RESOURCES FUNCTIONS OF
MANAGEMENT
MANPOWER
PLANNING
MONEY
ORGANIZING
MATERIALS
STAFFING
MACHINE
LEADING
METHODS
CONTROLLING

Based on the above illustration, how are you going to define MANAGEMENT? Do
you have any idea? Write your answer below and let us find out whether you
have got it correctly.

What is It

pi

8
Let us take a look of how Management is being defined:

Management is the process of coordinating and overseeing the work

performance of individuals working together in organizations, so that they could
efficiently accomplish their chosen aims or goals.

It is also defined the process of designing and maintaining an environment for

efficiently accomplishing selected aims (Heinz, Welhrich, and Koontz,2009)

Management- is the process of supervising the over-all operation of the people and
other resources through an efficient and effective implementation of the various
functions towards the achievement of the organizational goals.
Management pertains on how to get things done through the proper
utilization of all the organizational resources specially the people in order to achieve
predetermined plans and goals, like in dealing with your own personal life you
actually apply management on it and perform the various functions in order to
maximize your time, talents and resources by means of studying and working hard
so that you can reach and attain your various life goals and certainly you are not
just doing it for yourself but also for your loved ones and the people around you
that is why the concept and functions of management plays a big part in every
person success. However, if you fail to perform it properly and apply the various
functions efficiently and effectively you will have a hard time reaching your goals in
life.
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

PLANNING

setting of goals
and defining the
tasks to be to be
done

CONTROLLING ORGANIZING

monitoring putting together

FUNCTIONS OF
all the task and
and evaluating
resources
performance MANAGEMENT

LEADING STAFFING
influencing and filing in of
motivating various job
people positions

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Planning- it is the primary functions of management that involves the setting of
organizational goals, establishing useful strategies, identifying the tasks to be
performed and when it should be done in order to achieve both the short-term and
long-term goals of the company.

Organizing- it is the act of transforming all the plans into realization and it
involves the assigning and coordination of specific task and resources to the
various groups that will enables them to contribute for the immediate attainment of
the company objectives.

Staffing- involves the manning of various job position in the organization

structure through the process of proper and fair recruitment, selection, appraisal
and development of the personnel that will support the organization’s success in
achieving their goals.

Leading or Directing- deals with providing clear instructions and guiding the
employees regarding the tasks that they are required to do and encourage a
positive attitude towards work that will motivates them to perform well towards the
realization of the company’s aims.

Controlling- is the task wherein setting of standards of performance are made and
comparing it with the actual performance of the individual or groups, to ensure
that the jobs are done in accordance to the plans and if not, necessary corrections
must have to be made.

MANAGEMENT THEORIES

After performing the various functions of management, it is also important to

take into consideration how management have evolved throughout the years and
have changed from simple to more complex and diverse, depending on the needs of
the people and suitability on the organizations nowadays. It is necessary for us to
know and understand how the various theories of management influence and bring
huge impacts on how present management practices are being done also which
among those are no longer use or needs to be improved in order to adapt with the
fast changing times. Here are the following management theories

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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
❖ introduced by Frederick W. Taylor, who is also known as “The Father
of Scientific Management”
❖ apply scientific approach in doing a task
- It follows a step by step procedure in performing a specialized
task in order to expedite the process that will increase worker’s
productivity and establish the “best way” of doing the task.
❖ introduce the concept of a “Fair Day’s Pay for Fair Day’s Work”
- this means that workers must be paid according to the amount
produced. Taylor wants to encourage improved productivity through
monetary compensation. (piece rate system)
❖ introduce the Principles of Scientific Management
1. “Time and Motion” study- it is a systematic approach
performed in order to determine how jobs are being done and identify
which way will only take a little time and a little motion to finish a task.
This replace the rule of thumb method (Hit or miss approach).
2. Scientifically select and then train, teach and develop the
workers.- workers are being chosen and train based on their abilities and
skills to perform a specialized task that will eventually makes them to
become experts of the job.
3. Heartily cooperate with the workers so as to ensure that all work
is done in accordance with principles of science that has been developed.-
the managers work closely with the workers to supervise their
performance and to ensure increase in productivity by following the
required process.
4. Divide work and responsibility almost equally between the
management and the workers.- this only means that both manager and
the workers shares equal amount of responsibility wherein the managers
handles the planning functions as the workers will be performing the
tasks.

ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY

❖ developed by Henri Fayol, who is known as “The Father of Modern

Management”
❖ focus on the efficient implementation of organizational management
practices
- It emphasizes on how managers perform his managerial
functions that will both benefit the organization and the employees
❖ promotes top-down approach.
- This means that the command will come from the top
management downwards to the last level of the organizational structure
❖ develops the 14 principles of management:
1. Division of labor 8. Centralization
2. Authority and Responsibility 9. Scalar Chain of Authority
3. Discipline 10. Maintenance of Order
4. Unity of Command 11. Equity/fairness
5. Unity of Direction 12. Stability/Security of Tenure
6. Subordination of Individual Interest 13. Employee Initiative
to General Interest 14. Promotion of team spirit or
7. Remuneration Esprit de Corps
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 BUREAUCRATIC THEORY

❖ introduced by Max Weber

❖ management is defined by clear set of rules
- this theory believes that good performance can be derived when
there are detailed rules that govern all employees how they should
behave and
TOTAL QUALITY be treated.
MANAGEMENT(TQM)
❖ division of labor
- it means that tasks are being divided among employees and the
organization and take accountable for their individual or group
performance.
❖ promotes formal and impersonal relations
- in this way everyone is treated fairly and in accordance with the
defined rules, this will also to avoid favoritism.
❖ develops a clear hierarchical structure of authority
- it means that each level in the hierarchy have authority that
comes with the position and not with the person, for example a
subordinate cannot give orders to the manager even if he/she is the son
of the owner of the company because the position of the subordinates
does not hold such authority.
❖ follows a legal- rational approach
TOTAL QUALITY- this means that managers
MANAGEMENT (TQM) make objective decisions in
accordance with the defined rules and regulations and without bias. For
example: the manager will have to promote an employee, he/she will
perform the process based on the qualifications, expertise and
performance of the personnel and not because of personal reasons.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)

❖ proposed by quality experts, W. Edwards Deming and
Joseph M. Juran
❖ focus on customer satisfaction both external and internal
- this theory give emphasis on how to meet the needs and
demands of the external customers in terms of providing quality
products and services and at the same time the internal which are the
employees through providing continuous development and rewards
system.
❖ promotes the continuous improvement in the quality of both the
products and
ORGANIZATIONAL services(OB)
BEHAVIOR as well as the people
APPROACH
- this means that constant improvement of the products through
continuous market research are being considered to be able to meet the
increasing demand of the customers and for the employees, by providing
them with various seminars and trainings that will further develop their
skills and abilities as well their performance that will contribute to the
company’s competitive edge in terms of its profitability and
sustainability.

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 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (OB) APPROACH

❖ supported by Robert Owen, Mary Parker Follett, Hugo Munsterberg

and Chester Barnard
❖ focus on analyzing and understanding the behavior of people within
their groups and at work
- this is a very important task for the managers to consider in
order to create an organizational culture that encourage continuous
growth and development among their people and influences and shapes
their behaviors in a manner that will contribute in the realization of the
organizational objectives.
❖ recognize the psycho-social aspects of every employees
-this theory also give emphasis on the various needs of every
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/213428469820803934/
individual and how their behavior affects their way in dealing with other
people so that manager can initiate actions and make crucial decisions
that will help satisfying those needs and enables them to perform well on
their jobs and be more productive to support the company’s goals.
❖ promotes human relations that helps people to learn how to get
along well with others
- if every individual understand each other it will be easy for them
to cooperate and to work harmoniously with one another towards the
attainment of organizational goals. Also if the employee feels the sense of
belongingness and importance within the group as well as with the
organization they worked in, it boosts their morale and they are likely to
become more productive.

What’s More

Fill in the Box. Identify the correct term for each given statement. Fill each box with
the correct letter to find the correct answer.

1. Putting the right people on the right job.

2. Monitoring and Evaluating individual performance

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3. Establishing effective strategies to realize the goals

4. Guiding the employees with the activities that they must need to perform

5. Focus on the study and understanding of the employees conduct within the
organization

6. Adapts the time and motion studies in performing a specialized task

7. The process of assigning tasks and resources to various individuals

8. Management follows a detailed rules and regulations

9. It emphasize on meeting the customer satisfactions

10. The act of supervising the performance of all the resources of the organization
through effective execution of the different functions to attain specific goals.

What I Have Learned

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CONCEPT IN A BOX. Complete the table with the various concepts that you have
learned from this module.

A. Give the Five Functions of Management and give a brief description for each.

B. Complete the table with the various features of each Management Theories. Select
your answer from the dialog box and write it on the appropriate table

Continuous product improvement

RULES AND REGULATION

TIME AND MOTION STUDY

Organizational Management

human relations

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 MANAGEMENT THEORIES FEATURES

1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

2. ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT

3. BUREAUCRATIC

4.TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

5. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

What I Can Do

Fill out the table by giving concrete answers on the following questions.

How will I apply the Functions What Theories of

of Management… Management I am
(shd.be one line only) going to use…

at home

in school

in the
community

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 Assessment

A. Let’s Match This! Draw a line to match the picture on the left to the correct
description on the right.

staffing

leading

controlling

organizing

PLANNING

B. Put a Check (√ ) on the line provided before each number if you Agree with the
statement and an (X) if you Don’t Agree. Consider the things you have learned in
this module as you answer this test.
_________1.Henri Fayol believes that implementing an efficient and effective
managerial practices will help the organization to achieve its desired goals.
_________2. Formal and impersonal relations in the Bureaucratic theory encourage
fairness and avoid favoritism.
_________3. Scientific theory of Management practice and follows the rule of thumb
approach.
_________4. Coordination of activities and resources are being done in the planning
stage.
_________5. Performing a continuous market research will enable the company to
provide quality and latest products and services that will satisfy their customers
never ending wants and needs.

17
_________6. Understanding the behavior of every individual working in the
organization will assists the manager to make decisions and policies, like providing
a healthy working environment, and help boost employee’s performance
_________7. In the Scientific Management theory, Taylor introduce the “fair day pay
for a fair day work” in order to increase the workers’ productivity.
_________8. Staffing involves recruitment, selection and hiring of personnel based
on physical and personal consideration.
_________9. In every human undertakings proper planning is very important and
must be done first to ensure its success.
_________10. Each level of position in the hierarchical structure entails a clearly
defined authority that will guide the managers to carry out their functions.

Additional Activities

A. Put a (√ ) on the appropriate function that best describes each given task.
Planning Organizing Staffing Leading Controlling
Folding and arranging of
clothes in the closet
Preparing meals for the
family
Assigning of household
chores to your siblings
Correcting someone who
did something wrong
Giving of instructions to
the house helper on how
to iron the clothes

Making Decisions

B. If you are a manager of a bag factory in Mariveles, which among the Theories of
Management are you going to use and Why?

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 19
What’s More:
What I Can Do: 1. Staffing
2. Controlling
Answer may varies 3. Planning
depending on the 4. Leading
5. Human Relations
perception and 5. Organizational
experience of the learners Development Behavior
4. Continuous Product 6. Scientific
Management
3. Rules and Regulations
7. Organizing
2. Organization Management 8. Bureacratic
1.Time and Motion Study
9. Total Quality
Management
What I Have Learned: 10. Management
What I Know:
1. Scientific
What’s New: 2. Staffing
3. Planning
Answer may varies
4. Total Quality
depending on the
What’s In: 5. Controlling
perception and experience
6. Organizing
of the learners Answer may varies 7. Henri Fayol
depending on the 8. Leading
perception and experience 9. Bureaucratic
of the learners 10. Effectiveness
11. Frederick Taylor
12. Management
13. Efficiency
14. Coordination
15. Max Weber
Answer Key
 √ 10. √ 5.
X 9. √ 4.
X 8. X 3
√ 7. √ 2.
√ 6. √ 1. B
Staffing 5. 5. Leading
Planning 4. 4. Controlling
Leading 3. 3. Staffing
Controlling 2. 2. Planning
Organizing 1. 1. Organizing

A. Additional Activities:

Assessment:

References
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=0&w=300&h=300pic

http://www.clipartkid.com/images/393/like-how-in-this-lakeshore-organizer-you-

can-fit-books-or-a-binder-8mNasU-clipart.jpg

https://www.roberthalf.ca/sites/roberthalf.ca/files/styles/full_width_content_ima

ge_1x_small_480/public/2018-01/staffing-plan-rh-10-07-

2016.jpg?itok=FgK94Iow

https://seniorlivingsmart.com/wp-

content/uploads/2018/03/leadership_team_rowing-blog.jpg

http://images.clipartof.com/thumbnails/63515-Royalty-Free-RF-Clipart-

Illustration-Of-An-Orange-Person-Controlling-Business-Men-On-Strings.jpg

http://www.clipartkid.com/images/624/bullseye-royalty-free-stock-images-image-

773659-dpMVPM-clipart.jpg

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: [email protected]