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Module 7 Prepare Vegetable Dishes
Module 7 Prepare Vegetable Dishes
Module 7
PREPARE VEGETABLE DISHES
Learning Outcomes:
1. Perform Mise-en-place;
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INTRODUCTION
Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food.
The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all
edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and seeds. An alternate
definition of the term is applied somewhat arbitrarily, often by culinary and cultural tradition. It
may exclude foods derived from some plants that are fruits, flowers, nuts, and cereal grains, but
include savoury fruits such as tomatoes and courgettes, flowers such as broccoli, and seeds such
as pulses.
The culinary way of distinguishing vegetables from fruits is by virtue of use: vegetables
are served with the meal as viands or salads, while fruits are usually taken at the end of the meal
as desserts.
CLASSIFICATION OF VEGETABLES
1. Roots – beet, carrot, Celeriac (celery root) parsnip, radish, sweet potato, turnip, apulid
tsina or water chestnut,, kamoteng kahoy or cassava, gabi or taro, ubi or yam.
2. Tubers – ginger root, Jerusalem artichokes, patatas or potatoes.
3. Bulbs - chives, garlic, leeks, onions and shallots.
4. Seeds – beans, corn, lentils, peas.
5. Stems and shoots - kintsay or celery, tangkay ng gabi or taro petioles, labong or
bamboo shoots, asparagus etc.
6. Leaves – endive, lettuce, spinach, watercress, mustard greens, alugbati or malabar night
shade, ampalaya or bitter melon, talbos ng kamote or sweet potato tops, etc.
7. Fruits include ampalaya or bitter melon, upo or bottle gourd, sayote or chayote, tomato,
eggplant, okra, pepper, pumpkin, etc.
8. Flowers – artichoke, broccoli, cauliflower, katuray or Sesban flower, bulaklak ng
kalabasa or squash flowers
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The vegetables may either be sources of protein, vitamins or minerals. Vegetables are most
commonly sought for because of their vitamin A, vitamin B, or vitamin C content.
1. Sources of Vitamin A
Green leafy vegetables and yellow fruits are recommended sources of vitamin A. The
common carotene-rich green leafy and yellow vegetables include alugbati, ampalaya
leaves, kalabasa leaves, etc.
2. Sources of Vitamin C
Guavas, tomatoes and other succulent fruits are especially rich in vitamin C.
Beans and leafy greens are rich sources of vitamin B-complex. Fruits, vegetables, dried
beans and nuts are good sources of vitamins. Green leafy vegetables like ampalaya tops,
kulitis, pepper leaves, kangkong and saluyot, and dried beans are rich in riboflavin.
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SELECTION OF VEGETABLES
PREPARATION OF VEGETABLES
1. Vegetables should be washed very carefully under cool, running water especially if they are
to be eaten raw.
2. All vegetables should be thoroughly inspected for blemishes, decayed parts and worms.
3. Vegetables should be cut to suit the purpose. If vegetables are the be deep fried, they should
be cut into portions of .62 cm. (1/4 inch) thickness such that they will be cooked before they
darken on the surface.
4. When paring, pare as thinly as possible to minimize wastage. If possible, a vegetable peeler
should be used since they cut only skin deep.
5. Vegetables should be prepared just before cooking.
6. Vegetables taste best when they are cooked tender crisp. Hence, short cooking time is a
must.
7. Finally, vegetables should be served as soon as they are cooked. To allow cooked vegetables
to wait not only reduces its appeal but also reduces its nutrient content.
COOKING VEGETABLES
Vegetables are cooked to develop color, texture, and flavor. Because of the vast varieties,
cooking methods vary depending on the desired end result. In professional foodservice
production vegetables are often blanched or par cooked in boiling salted water as a mise en place
step, and finished by other cooking methods such as sautéing, frying, or roasting.
Equally important in this process is the added step of shocking the vegetables in an ice water
bath, which brightens and sets the color making them more visually appealing. Some vegetables
like roots or dried legumes need prolonged cooking to tenderize and make them digestible, while
others like tender leafy greens, may only need a few seconds to help set their color. Deep-frying,
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grilling, braising, and roasting develop distinct textures, colors and flavors through
caramelization or the addition of flavorful liquids.
Cooking activates flavor molecules and provides important textural changes to vegetables
Use optimal cooking methods and techniques to preserve color, flavor, texture and
nutrients
Overcooking can create bitter or unpleasant flavors to develop in vegetables from the
cabbage family; avoid overcooking
Vegetables in the onion family mellow and sweeten when cooked
1. Boil, preferably simmer vegetables in minimum amount of water.
Blanch – To briefly cook for from 30 seconds up to two minutes. This method is used for
tomato concassé or stone fruits like peaches to loosen the skin for peeling. It is also used for
tender leafy greens and herbs (spinach or basil.)
The blanching and shocking method brightens and sets the color of the vegetables, especially
green varieties. Additionally, blanching acts as a preservative because the process deactivates
enzymes that turn plants soft, brown, or otherwise unsavory.
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In the Fridge
Does your refrigerator have crisper drawers? Most do, and some of them even allow you
to adjust the humidity, generally by opening (less humidity) and closing (more humidity) small
air vents on the drawers. And while the low humidity setting is best for some fruits, when it
comes to veggies you should opt for high humidity (in other words, close the vents). The
temperature in your fridge should be between 33 and 40 F.
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On the Counter
While there are myriad fruits, such as stone fruits, citrus, and bananas that should be
stored on the countertop, the only vegetable you should keep there are tomatoes.
What's that? You've heard that tomatoes are technically a fruit? Indeed they are. And,
technically, so are peppers, cucumbers, zucchini, corn, and eggplant. But since tomatoes are
prepared and served like other vegetables, rather than the way we use fruits like apples, bananas,
and pears, we're including them here.
In any case, keep your tomatoes on the countertop, out of direct sunlight. The fridge will
turn their texture grainy.
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Learning Task 7:
Classifying Vegetables.
List down 20 Philippine vegetables and classify each according to chemical composition and
nutritive value. Recommend a dish suited for each vegetable.
https://www.theculinarypro.com/vegetable-cooking-methods