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    jefel umar
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    The document summarizes the anatomy and functions of the urinary system. It describes the key organs - kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to form urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination. During urination, the urethra carries urine out of the body. Together these organs work to regulate fluid balance and remove waste from the body.

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    01. Anatomy Gu

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    The document summarizes the anatomy and functions of the urinary system. It describes the key organs - kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to form urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination. During urination, the urethra carries urine out of the body. Together these organs work to regulate fluid balance and remove waste from the body.

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    28 views13 pages

    Anatomy Gu

    Uploaded by

    jefel umar
    The document summarizes the anatomy and functions of the urinary system. It describes the key organs - kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to form urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until urination. During urination, the urethra carries urine out of the body. Together these organs work to regulate fluid balance and remove waste from the body.

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    of 13

    ANATOMI & FISIOLOGI

    SISTEM
    PERKEMIHAN /GU
    URINARY SISTEM ANATOMY
    FUNGSI
    KIDNEY
    URETERS
    BLADER
    URETRA
    FACT ABOUT URINE
    FUNGSI SISTEM PERKEMIHAN
    §
    Bekerja bersama paru-paru, kulit dan usus
    halus untuk menjaga keseimbangan
    cairan tubuh dan zat yang terlarut

    § Mengekskresi zat buangan tubuh


    terutama urea dari darah

    § Menyimpan nutrien, mengkonversi vitamin


    D menjadi lebih “water solube”

    § Mengatur keseimbangan asam basa

    § Mensekresi hormon yang membantu


    mengatur tekanan darah, erithropoietin
    dan metabolisme kalsium

    § Membentuk urin:
    § Air 96%
    § Urea 2%
    § Uric acid & salt 2%
    ANATOMI LAKI2 DAN PEREMPUAN
    ANATOMI SISTEM PERKEMIHAN WANITA
    ANATOMI SISTEM PERKEMIHAN PRIA
    KIDNEYS
    § 2 kidneys - a pair of
    purplish-brown organs
    located below the ribs
    toward the middle of
    the back.

    § Their function is to:


    § remove liquid waste
    from the blood in the
    form of urine
    § keep a stable balance
    of salts and other
    substances in the
    blood
    § produce
    erythropoietin, a
    hormone that aids the
    formation of red blood
    cells
    URETERS
    § 2 ureters - narrow tubes
    that carry urine from the
    kidneys to the bladder.

    § Muscles in the ureter


    walls continually tighten
    and relax forcing urine
    downward, away from
    the kidneys. If urine
    backs up, or is allowed
    to stand still, a kidney
    infection can develop.

    § About every 10 to 15
    seconds small amounts
    of urine are emptied
    into the bladder from
    the ureters.
    BLADDER
    • Bladder - a triangle-
    shaped, hollow organ
    located in the lower
    abdomen. It is held in
    place by ligaments
    that are attached to
    other organs and the
    pelvic bones.

    • The bladder's walls


    relax and expand to
    store urine, and
    contract and flatten to
    empty urine through
    the urethra. The typical
    healthy adult bladder
    can store up to two
    cups of urine for 2 to 5
    hours.
    MUSCLES
    • 2 sphincter
    muscles - circular
    muscles that help
    keep urine from
    leaking by closing
    tightly like a rubber
    band around the
    opening of the
    bladder.
    URETHRA
    • urethra - the tube that
    allows urine to pass
    outside the body.
    The brain signals the
    bladder muscles to
    tighten, which squeezes
    urine out of the bladder.
    At the same time, the
    brain signals the sphincter
    muscles to relax to let
    urine exit the bladder
    through the urethra.

    • When all the signals occur


    in the correct order,
    normal urination occurs.
    FACTS ABOUT URINE
    § Adults pass about a quart and
    a half of urine each day,
    depending on the fluids and
    foods consumed.

    § The volume of urine formed at


    night is about half that formed
    in the daytime.

    § Normal urine is sterile. It


    contains fluids, salts and
    waste products, but it is free
    of bacteria, viruses and fungi.

    § The tissues of the bladder are


    isolated from urine and toxic
    substances by a coating that
    discourages bacteria from
    attaching and growing on the
    bladder wall.
    References

    ž Carmel JE; Colwell JC and Goldberg MT (2016).


    Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurse Society core
    curriculum. Ostomy management. Philaedelphia :
    Wolters Kluwer

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