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SARASWATI VIDYA MANDIR HR .SEC.RES.SCHOOL

SHARDA VIHAR,KERWA DAM ROAD, BHOPAL HALF YEARLY EXAM (TERMINAL -1ST ) (SEP-2023) SESSION 2023-24

Test / Exam Name: Ray Optics Standard: 12th Science Subject: Physics
Student Name: Section: Roll No.:
Questions: 70 Time: 01:00 hh:mm Marks: 182

Q1.When light travels from an optically denser medium to a rarer medium, why does the critical angle of 1 Mark
incidence depend on the colour of light?
Q2.A concave lens of refractive index 1.5 is immersed in a medium of refractive index 1.65. What is the nature 1 Mark
of the lens?
Q3.A glass lens of refractive index 1.45 disappears when immersed in a liquid. What is the value of refractive 1 Mark
index of the liquid?
Q4.A biconvex lens of glass having refractive index 1.47 is immersed in a liquid. It becomes invisible and 1 Mark
behaves as a plane glass plate. The refractive index of the liquid is:
1. 1.47
2. 1.62
3. 1.33
4. 1.51
Q5.Does the magnifying power of a microscope depend on the colour of the light used? Justify your answer. 1 Mark
Q6.The focal length of the objective of a compound microscope is: 1 Mark
1. Greater than the focal length of eyepiece.
2. Lesser than the focal length of eyepiece.
3. Equal to the focal length of eyepiece.
4. Equal to the length of its tube.
Q7.Under what condition does a biconvex lens of glass having a certain refractive index act as a plane 1 Mark
glass sheet when immersed in a liquid?
Q8.t sunset or sunrise, the ___________ scattered coloured light from the sun reaches our eyes. 1 Mark
Q9.A ray of light on passing through an equilateral glass prism, suffers a minimum deviation equal to the angle 1 Mark
of the prism. The value of refractive index of the material of the prism is _________.
Q10.When monochromatic light travels from one medium to another its wavelength changes but frequency 1 Mark
remains the same, Explain.
Q11.A concave mirror forms a real image of an object kept at a distance 9cm from it. If the object is taken away 1 Mark
from the mirror by 6cm, the image size reduces to th of its previous size. Find the focal length of the
1

mirror.
Q12.The refractive index of the material of a converging lens is 1.5. If air is replaced by a medium of refractive 1 Mark
index 1.6, then the lens will now behave as a __________ lens.
Q13.A biconvex lens of focal length f is cut into two identical plano convex lenses. The focal length of each part 1 Mark
will be:
1. f
2. f

3. 2f
4. 4f
Q14.A glass lens of refractive index 1.5 is placed in a trough of liquid. What must be the refractive index of the 1 Mark
liquid in order to make the lens disappear?
Q15.An astronomical telescope may be a refracting type or a reflecting type. Which of the two produces image 1 Mark
of better quality? Justify your answer.
Q16.State the conditions for the phenomenon of total internal reflection to occur. 1 Mark
Q17.When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does this decrease in speed 1 Mark
imply a decrease in the energy carried by the light wave? Justify your answer.
Q18.A biconvex lens made of a transparent material of refractive index 1.25 is immersed in water of refractive 1 Mark
index 1.33. Will the lens behave as a converging or a diverging lens? Give reason.
Q19.A convex lens is placed in contact with a plane mirror. A point object at a distance of 20 cm on the axis of 1 Mark
this combination has its image coinciding with itself. What is the focal length of the lens?
Q20.Why does the bluish colour predominate in a clear sky? 1 Mark
Q21.A biconvex lens made of a transparent material of refractive index 1.5 is immersed in water of refractive 1 Mark
index 1.33. Will the lens behave as a converging or a diverging lens? Give reason.

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Q22.You are given following three lenses. Which two lenses will you use as an eyepiece and as an objective to 1 Mark
construct an astronomical telescope?
Lenses Power (P) Aperture (A)
L1 3D 8 cm
L2 6D 1 cm
L3 10 D 1 cm

Q23.Write the relationship between angle of incidence ‘i’, angle of prism ‘A’ and angle of minimum deviation 1 Mark
for a triangular prism.
Q24.Larger aperture of objective lens in an astronomical telescope: 1 Mark
1. Increases the resolving power of telescope.
2. Decreases the brightness of the image.
3. Increases the size of the image.
4. Decreases the length of the telescope.
Q25.How does the angle of minimum deviation of a glass prism vary, if the incident violet light is replaced with 1 Mark
red light?
Q26.A converging lens is kept coaxially in contact with a diverging lens – both the lenses being of equal focal 1 Mark
lengths. What is the focal length of the combination?
Q27.For the same value of angle of incidence, the angles of refraction in three media A, B and C are 15°, 25° 1 Mark
and 35° respectively. In which medium would the velocity of light be minimum?
Q28.The resistance of a metal wire increases with increasing temperature on account of: 1 Mark
1. Decrease in free electron density.
2. Decrease in relaxation time.
3. Increase in mean free path.
4. Increase in the mass of electron.
Q29.Out of red, blue and yellow lights, the scattering of ___________ light is maximum. 1 Mark
Q30.A biconcave lens of power P vertically splits into two identical plano concave parts. The power of each part 1 Mark
will be:
1. 2P
2. P

3. P
4. P

√2

Q31.A parallel plate capacitor of plate area A each and separation d, is being charged by an ac source. Show 2 Marks
that the displacement current inside the capacitor is the same as the current charging the capacitor.
Q32.How is the resolving power of a compound microscope affected if: 2 Marks
1. Wavelength of light used is decreased.
2. The diameter of its objective lens is increased?
Justify your answers.
Q33.Answer the following questions: 2 Marks
1. Optical and radio telescopes are built on the ground while X-ray astronomy is possible only from
satellites orbiting the Earth. Why?
2. The small ozone layer on top of the stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why ?
Q34.Two monochromatic rays of light are incident normally on the face AB of an isosceles right-angled prism 2 Marks
ABC. The refractive indices of the glass prism for the two rays ‘1’ and ‘2’ are respectively 1.35 and 1.45.
Trace the path of these rays after entering through the prism.

Q35.A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as that of the plates of a parallel plate 2 Marks
capacitor but has the thickness d/2, where d is the separation between the plates. Find out the expression
for its capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates of the capacitor.
Q36.A ray PQ incident normally on the refracting face BA is refracting in the prism BAC made of material of 2 Marks
refractive index1.5. Complete the path of ray through the prism. From which face will the ray emerge?
Justify your answer.

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Q37. 1. Write the necessary conditions for the phenomenon of total internal reflection to occur. 2 Marks
2. Write the relation between the refractive index and critical angle for a given pair of optical media.
Q38.Draw a labelled ray diagram of a reflecting telescope. Mention its two advantages over the refracting 2 Marks
telescope.
Q39.Use the mirror equation to show that an object placed between f and 2f of a concave mirror forms an 2 Marks
image beyond 2f.
Q40.A ray PQ incident on the refracting face BA is refracted in the prism BAC as shown in the figure and 2 Marks
emerges from the other refracting face AC as RS such that AQ = AR. If the angle of prism A = 60o and
refractive index of material of prism is√3, calculate angle θ.

Q41.Define refractive index of a transparent medium. 2 Marks

A ray of light passes through a triangular prism. Plot a graph showing the variation of the angle of
deviation with the angle of incidence.
Q42.Two convex lenses of same focal length but of aperture A1 and A2 (A2 < A1), are used as the objective 2 Marks
lenses in two astronomical telescopes having identical eyepieces. What is the ratio of their resolving
power? Which telescope will you prefer and why? Give reason.
Q43.One day Chetan’s mother developed a severe stomach ache all of a sudden. She was rushed to the doctor 4 Marks
who suggested for an immediate endoscopy test and gave an estimate of expenditure for the same.
Chetan immediately contacted his class teacher and shared the information with her. The class teacher
arranged for the money and rushed to the hospital. On realising that Chetan belonged to a below average
income group family, even the doctor offered concession for the test fee. The test was conducted
successfully.
Answer the following questions based on the above information:
1. Which principle in optics is made use of in endoscopy?
2. Briefly explain the values reflected in the action taken by the teacher.
3. In what way do you appreciate the response of the doctor on the given situation?
Q44.Mrs. Rashmi Singh broke her reading glasses. When she went to the shopkeeper to order new spects, he 4 Marks
suggested that she should get spectacles with plastic lenses instead of glass lenses. On getting the new
spectacles, she found that the new ones were thicker than the earlier ones. She asked this question to the
shopkeeper but he could not offer satisfactory explanation for this. At home, Mrs. Singh raised the same
question to her daughter Anuja who explained why plastic lenses were thicker.
1. Write two qualities displayed each by Anuja and her mother.
2. How do you explain this fact using lens maker's formula?
Q45.A lady cannot see objects closer than 40cm from the left eye and closer than 100cm from the right eye. 4 Marks
While on a mountaineering trip, she is lost from her team. She tries to make an astronomical telscope from
her reading glasses to look for her teammates.
1. Which glass should she use as the eyepiece?
2. What magnification can she get with relaxed eye?
Q46.The radii of curvature of a lens are +20cm and +30cm. The material of the lens has a refracting index 1.6. 4 Marks
Find the focal length of the lens.
1. If it is placed in air.
2. If it is placed in water (μ = 1.33).
Q47.A cylindrical vessel of diameter 12cm contains 800πcm of water. A cylindrical glass piece of diameter 8.0
3
4 Marks
cm and height 8.0cm is placed in the vessel. If the bottom of the vessel under the glass piece is seen by the
paraxial rays, locate its image. The index of refraction of glass is 1.50 and that of water is 1.33.

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Q48.A lady uses +1.5D glasses to have normal vision from 25cm onwards. She uses a 20D lens as a simple 4 Marks
microscope to see an object. Find the maximum magnifying power if she uses then microscope
1. Together with her glass
2. Without the glass. Do the answers suggest that an object can be more clearly seen through a
microscope without using the correcting glasses?
Q49.A slide projector has to project a 35mm slide (35mm × 23mm) on a 2m × 2m screen at a distance of 10m 4 Marks
from the lens. What should be the focal length of the lens in the projector?
Q50.A point object is placed at a distance of 15cm from a convex lens. The image is formed on the other side at 4 Marks
a distance of 30cm from the lens. When a concave lens is placed in contact with the convex lens, the image
shifts away further by 30cm. Calculate the focal lengths of the two lenses.
Q51.A double convex lens has focal length 25cm. The radius of curvature of one of the surfaces is double of the 4 Marks
other. Find the radii, if the refractive index of the material of the lens is 1.5.
Q52.A converging mirror M1, a point source S and a diverging mirror M2 are arranged as shown in figure. The 4 Marks
source is placed at a distance of 30cm from M1. The focal length of each of the mirrors is 20cm. Consider
only the images formed by a maximum of two reflections. It is found that one image is formed on the
source itself.
1. Find the distance between the two mirrors.
2. Find the location of the image formed by the single reflection from M2.

Q53.A particle executes a simple harmonic motion of amplitude 1.0cm along the principal axis of a convex lens 4 Marks
of focal length 12cm. The mean position of oscillation is at 20cm from the lens. Find the amplitude of
oscillation of the image of the particle.
Q54.Will the focal length of a lens for red light be more, same or less than that for blue light? 4 Marks
Q55. 1. What is a wavefront? How does it propagate? Using Huygens’ principle, explain reflection of a plane 5 Marks
wavefront from a surface and verify the laws of reflection.
2. A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction
pattern is obtained on a screen 1m away. If the first minimum is formed at a distance of 2.5mm from
the centre of the screen, find the (i) width of the slit, and (ii) distance of first secondary maximum
from the centre of the screen.
Q56. 1. Draw a labelled ray diagram to obtain the real image formed by an astronomical telescope in normal 5 Marks
adjustment position. Define its magnifying power.
2. You are given three lenses of power 0.5 D, 4 D and 10 D to design a telescope:
1. Which lenses should he used as objective and eyepiece? Justify your answer.
2. Why is the aperture of the objective preferred to be large?
Q57. 1. With the help of a suitable ray diagram, derive the mirror formula for a concave mirror. 5 Marks
2. The near point of a hypermetropic person is 50 cm from the eye. What is the power of the lens
required to enable the person to read clearly a book held at 25 cm from the eye?
Q58. 1. 5 Marks
1. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image in an astronomical telescope for a
distant object.
2. Write three distinct advantages of a reflecting type telescope over a refracting type telescope.
2. A convex lens of focal length 10 cm is placed coaxially 5 cm away from a concave lens of focal length
10 cm. If an object is placed 30 cm in front of the convex lens, find the position of the final image
formed by the combined system.

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Q59.Trace the rays of light showing the formation of an image due to a point object placed on the axis of a 5 Marks
spherical surface separating the two media of refractive indices n1 and n2. Establish the relation between
the distances of the object, the image and the radius of curvature from the central point of the spherical
surface. Hence derive the expression of the lens maker’s formula.
Q60. 1. Derive the mathematical relation between refractive indices n1 and n2 of two radii and radius of 5 Marks
curvature R for refraction at a convex spherical surface. Consider the object to be a point since lying
on the principle axis in rarer medium of refractive index n1 and a real image formed in the denser
medium of refractive index n2. Hence, derive lens maker's formula.
2. Light from a point source in air falls on a convex spherical glass surface of refractive index 1.5 and
radius of curvature 20 cm. The distance of light source from the glass surface is 100 cm. At what
position is the image formed?
Q61. 1. Define the term ‘focal length of a mirror’. With the help of a ray diagram, obtain the relation between 5 Marks
its focal length and radius of curvature.
2. Calculate the angle of emergence (e) of the ray of light incident normally on the face AC of a glass
prism ABC of refractive index √3. How will the angle of emergence change qualitatively, if the ray of
light emerges from the prism into a liquid of refractive index 1.3 instead of air?

Q62. 1. Draw a labelled ray diagram to obtain the real image formed by an astronomical telescope in normal 5 Marks
adjustment position. Defineits magnifying power.
2. You are given three lenses of power 0.5 D, 4 D and 10 D to design a telescope.
1. Which lenses should he used as objective and eyepiece? Justify your answer.
2. Why is the aperture of the objective preferred to be large?
Q63.How is the working of a telescope different from that of a microscope? 5 Marks
The focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece of a microscope are 1.25 cm and 5 cm respectively. Find
the position of the object relative to the objective in order to obtain an angular magnification of 30 in
normal adjustment.
Q64. 1. State Huygen’s principle. Using this principle draw a diagram to show how a plane wave front 5 Marks
incident at the interface of the two media gets refracted when it propagates from a rarer to a
denser medium. Hence verifiy Snell’s law of refraction.
2. When monochromatic light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, explain the following, giving
reasons:
1. Is the frequency of reflected and refracted light same as the frequency of incident light?
2. Does the decrease in speed imply a reduction in the energy carried by light wave?
Q65. 1. For a ray of light travelling from a denser medium of refractive index n1 to a rarer medium 5 Marks
of refractive index n2 prove that = sin i , where ic is the critical angle of incidence for the media.
n2

n1 c

2. Explain with the help of a diagram, how the above principle is used for transmission of video signals
using optical fibres.
Q66. 1. Draw a ray diagram to show refraction of a ray of monochromatic light passing through a glass prism. 5 Marks
Deduce the expression for the refractive index of glass in terms of angle of prism and angle of minimum
deviation.
2. Explain briefly how the phenomenon of total internal reflection is used in fibre optics.
Q67.Define magnifying power of a telescope. Write its expression. 5 Marks
A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 150 cm and an eye piece of focal length 5 cm. If this
telescope is used to view a 100m high tower 3 km away, find the height of the final image when it is
formed 25 cm away from the eye piece.
Q68. 1. A point object is placed on the principal axis of a convex spherical surface of radius of curvature R, 5 Marks
which separates the two media of refractive indices n1 and n2 (n2 > n1). Draw the ray diagram and
deduce the relation between the object distance (u), image distance (v) and the radius of curvature
(R) for refraction to take place at the convex spherical surface from rarer to denser medium.
2. A converging lens has a focal length of 20 cm in air. It is made of a material of refractive index 1.6. If it
is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, find its new focal length.
Q69.A compound microscope consists of two converging lenses. One of them, of smaller aperture and smaller 5 Marks
focal length is called objective and the other of slightly larger aperture and slightly larger focal length is
called eye-piece. Both the lenses are fitted in a tube with an arrangement to vary the distance between
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them. A tiny object is placed in front of the objective at a distance slightly greater than its focal length. The
objective produces the image of the object which acts as an object for the eye-piece. The eye piece, in turn
produces the final magnified image.
1. In a compound microscope the images formed by the objective and the eye-piece are respectively:
1. Virtual, real
2. Real, virtual.
3. Virtual, virtual
4. Real, real
2. The magnification due to a compound microscope does not depend upon:
1. The aperture of the objective and the eye-piece.
2. The focal length of the objective and the eye-piece.
3. The length of the tube.
4. The colour of the light used.
3. Which of the following is not correct in the context of a compound microscope?
1. Both the lenses are of short focal lengths.
2. The magnifying power increases by decreasing the focal lengths of the two lenses.
3. The distance between the two lenses is more than (fo + fe).
4. The microscope can be used as a telescope by interchanging the two lenses.
4. Compound microscope consists of an objective of 10X and an eye-piece of 20X. The magnification
due to the microscope would be:
1. 2
2. 10
3. 30
4. 200
5. The focal lengths of objective and eye-piece of a compound microscope are 1.2cm and 3.0cm
respectively. The object is placed at a distance of 1.25cm from the objective. If the final image is
formed at infinity, the magnifying power of the microscope would be:
1. 100
2. 150
3. 200
4. 250
Q70.Derive the lens formula, = −
1

f
for a concave lens, using the necessary ray diagram.
1

v
1

u
5 Marks
Two lenses of powers 10 D and – 5 D are placed in contact.
1. Calculate the power of the new lens.
2. Where should an object be held from the lens, so as to obtain a virtual image of magnification 2?

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