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MTBPS 2023 Speech - 01.11.23 - Final
MTBPS 2023 Speech - 01.11.23 - Final
Enoch Godongwana
Minister of Finance
SPEECH
1 November 2023
ISBN: 978-0-621-51514-5
RP: 328/2023
Communications Directorate
National Treasury
Private Bag X115
Pretoria
0001
South Africa
I have the honour to table the following documents before this House:
INTRODUCTION
Madam speaker, allow me to join the President and the nation in congratulating the
Springboks on winning the 2023 Rugby World Cup for a record fourth time.
This is a proud moment that has unified and brought joy to South Africans. Thank you
Mabhokobhoko for reminding us that with preparation, commitment, unity and
resilience, you can conquer any adversity!
Stabilise public finances while maintaining support for the most vulnerable and
protecting front line services;
Reconfiguring the structure and size of the state, while strengthening its capacity
to deliver quality public services.
These priorities echo the message delivered by His Excellency, the President during
his address on Monday. Thank you for your commitment to staying the course of
growth and sound public finances.
GLOBAL OUTLOOK
The International Monetary Fund forecasts global growth to slow from 3.5 per cent in
2022 to 3 per cent in 2023 and 2.9 per cent in 2024.
The weaker growth outlook for China, South Africa’s largest trading partner; the lower
commodity prices; and the risk that the US interest rates will remain higher for longer,
means the global economic environment is less supportive of South Africa’s growth
prospects.
DOMESTIC OUTLOOK
Domestically, we forecast a 0.8 per cent growth in real GDP in 2023. This is 0.1
percentage points lower than the growth projection at the time of the 2023 Budget.
Growth is projected to average 1.4 per cent from 2024 to 2026.
These growth rates are not sufficient to achieve our desired levels of development.
In the first half of the year, the economy grew by 0.9 per cent despite record levels of
loadshedding.
The tourism sector grew more than 70 per cent in the period, driven by the arrival of
more than 5 million international tourists.
Agriculture expanded by 7.8 per cent in the period compared to 2022, while the
construction, transport and communications sectors also achieved strong growth.
In the words of the President, these are the reasons for hope.
Unfortunately, since February, the risks to the economy that we warned about,
including the decline in global commodity prices that granted us substantial revenue
last year, elevated inflation and the Rand depreciation, have materialised.
The main budget deficit has increased by R54.7 billion compared with the 2023 Budget
estimates. This reflects lower revenue performance, higher wage bill costs and higher
projected debt-service costs.
The main reasons for this are a sharp fall in corporate income tax, particularly from the
mining sector, although personal income tax collection was better than forecast.
The result of the shortfall is a substantial worsening in the main budget deficit in the
current fiscal year. We are now projecting a deficit of 4.9 per cent of GDP compared
to our previous estimate of 4.0 percent.
Under these circumstances, measures to stabilise public finances and reform the
economy to generate higher growth are essential.
We recognise that alongside these measures, our most effective way of funding
government is through an efficient tax administration and by broadening the tax base.
SARS will continue its focus on enforcing compliance in areas such as debt collection,
fraud prevention, curbing illicit trade, voluntary disclosures, and encouraging honest
taxpayers to comply voluntarily.
Every additional Rand of revenue collected is one Rand less which we have to borrow.
FISCAL OUTLOOK
Madam speaker, allow me to frame our fiscal challenges as follows:
Government spending has exceeded revenue since the 2008 global financial crisis.
These rising annual budget deficits have reached an extent where the government will
borrow an average of R553 billion per year over the medium term.
As a result, gross debt rises from R4.8 trillion in 2023/24 to R5.2 trillion in the next
financial year. By 2025/26, it will exceed the R6 trillion mark.
We now expect gross government debt to stabilise at 77 per cent of GDP by 2025/26.
This is higher than the level we forecast in February.
Over the next three years, debt-service costs as a share of revenue will increase from
20.7 per cent in 2023/24 to 22.1 per cent in 2026/27.
The cost, or interest of this debt, for next year alone, amounts to around R385.9 billion.
Over the MTEF, interest costs amount to R1.3 trillion.
It is important, however, to point out that our debt levels and rising debt service costs
are not problems in and of themselves.
Our challenge is that rising debt services costs are crowding out important social
spending, and our economy has not grown fast enough to support increasing
expenditure or our current debt levels.
Therefore, this policy statement sets out our strategy for avoiding a fiscal crisis and
preventing the build-up of systemic risks to the economy.
The decisions we have taken include spending reductions and reprioritisation, while
also taking concrete steps to support growth.
None of these decisions are taken lightly. They are taken with the short- and long-term
viability of public finances in mind, and in the interests of balanced and inclusive
growth.
Madam speaker, limited public sector capabilities erode public trust in public
institutions and waste scarce public resources, affecting service delivery and
economic growth.
In this regard, the MTBPS also announces that action is being taken to review and
reconfigure the structure and size of the state, in line with the President’s commitment
in the 2023 State of the Nation Address.
A joint plan to review government departments, entities and programmes over the next
three years is being prepared.
This plan will address overlapping mandates and functions, including in public entities,
and ensure that we create standards for more sustainable remuneration of executives
that serve public entities receiving transfers from the fiscus.
We also intend to leverage this plan to better direct our scarce resources to priority
areas.
The President will make further announcements in this regard in due course.
FISCAL CONSOLIDATION
We understand that lowering debt and the budget deficit alone is not enough. It is for
this reason that our fiscal strategy in this MTBPS prioritises reforms aimed at
strengthening GDP growth.
To this end, excluding interest, funding for capital projects remains the fastest-growing
item by economic classification.
Furthermore, we are introducing a new mechanism for improving the pace of delivery
of capital projects.
The MTBPS also recognises that government must respect the budget constraint, to
preserve sustainability of government services that are being crowded out by debt-
service costs.
We also consider that additional measures to anchor fiscal policy and maintain
confidence need to be investigated. Work is underway in this regard and an update
will be provided at the time of the Budget Review.
EXPENDITURE
In the current financial year, spending has been revised down by R21 billion. Further
reductions of R64 billion in 2024/25 and R69 billion in 2025/26 are proposed.
Government has made a strategic decision to allocate funds to sectors that are
personnel heavy, such as Health, Education and Police Services.
• Additional funding of R24 billion this year and R74 billion over the medium term will
be used to fund the 2023/24 wage increase and the associated carry-through costs
in these sectors.
• R34 billion is allocated to extend the Covid-19 Social Relief of Distress grant by
another year. Over the medium term, a provisional allocation is retained while a
comprehensive review of the entire social grant system is finalised.
• The presidential employment initiative will be extended for another year through
Finally, I wish to inform the house that we are making additional allocations in the
current year for unforeseeable and unavoidable events. R1.6 billion is being made
available for disaster relief, including to repair flood damage in various provinces.
DIVISION OF REVENUE
Honourable members, the Division of Revenue is an important tool for the equitable
allocation of funds to provinces and municipalities.
Over the next three years, government proposes allocating 48 per cent of available
non-interest spending to national departments, 42.1 per cent to provinces, and 9.9 per
cent to local government.
Equally, financially stable municipalities are the foundation of our nation’s economic
prosperity.
With this mind I want to briefly address one of the most pressing issues facing our
nation – water provision, management and the state of our wastewater systems.
Over the years, we have seen the impact of poor water management leading to
polluted water sources and limited access to clean water for our citizens.
These changes include reconfiguring of grants and revising the grant conditions to
align them with the Green Drop, Blue Drop, and No Drop assessments relaunched by
the President in as part of efforts to ramp up the performance of water service
authorities.
In this regard, R372 million has been added to the municipal disaster response grant,
while R1.2 billion has been added to the municipal disaster recovery grant, to cover
the repair and rehabilitation of infrastructure damaged by flooding in February and
March 2023.
Madam Speaker, mitigating the environmental risks posed by climate change must go
hand-in-hand with addressing the financial and economic risks posed by climate
change.
The National Treasury is making progress towards developing a disaster risk financing
strategy, which will among others, enhance existing risk financing instruments.
The debt-relief arrangement for Eskom outlined in the 2023 Budget noted that a large
proportion of outstanding municipal debt is owed to Eskom. National government has
introduced support to relieve municipalities of debt to Eskom.
These conditions include enforcing strict credit controls, enhanced revenue collection,
up-to-date payment of Eskom monthly current account.
By October 2023, 67 applications had been submitted, totalling R56.8 billion or 97 per
cent of total municipal debt owed to Eskom at end-March 2023.
Twenty-eight applications have been approved; the remainder are being assessed and
verified with provincial treasuries.
This MTBPS supports measures to lift our growth prospects over the medium term
and restructures the state to become more effective.
In its approach, the government is intentional about leveraging the collective wisdom
of all stakeholders to realise the vision set out in the National Development Plan to
create a better life for all.
ELECTRICITY
On electricity supply, we have experienced more power cuts in the year to September
2023 than in the whole of 2022.
However, over the medium term, additional generation capacity from renewable
energy investments combined with the return of Eskom’s units that are out of service,
should curtail power cuts.
At the same time, we recognise the potential loss of revenue due to private electricity
generation, and the fact that traditional revenue models relied on by public entities like
Eskom, face serious disruption.
It is for these reasons that our electricity reforms are holistic, evidenced-based, and
geared to find a balanced solution to our electricity supply challenges. They take into
account not just a particular entity but the transformation of the sector as a whole.
Madam speaker, as part of the 2023 Budget, we announced the Eskom debt relief
amounting to R254 billion from 2023/24 to 2025/26.
The partial take-over of Eskom’s debt announced in February was done for two main
reasons:
• The first was to ease pressure on the company’s balance sheet and free it to invest
in transmission and distribution infrastructure.
• The second reason was that more than R330 billion of Eskom’s debt was already
government guaranteed. Explicitly taking on this debt would reduce fiscal risk and
enhance long term fiscal sustainability.
One key condition we set back then was that should Eskom defy any of the conditions,
the loan would not be converted to equity.
The Eskom Debt Relief Amendment Bill which we are tabling today seeks to
enhance the enforceability of the conditions agreed under the debt relief agreement.
It provides for the payment of interest by Eskom on amounts advanced as part of the
debt relief loan;
The Amendment also provides for the reduction of the amount of debt relief available
to Eskom, in the event that the entity does not comply with the National Treasury
conditions.
These principles and strict conditionalities, greatly enhanced by the Amendment, are
a key part of how we will deal with Eskom and all other state-owned entities, to avoid
a repeat of the mistakes of previous bailouts.
ENERGY TRANSITION
Madam Speaker, the transition to a low-carbon economy should be integrated into a
comprehensive green growth strategy and industrialisation plans.
South Africa's traditional trading partners are intensifying their decarbonisation plans.
Many countries introduce carbon pricing mechanisms to make emissions more
expensive and incentivise emissions reductions.
This transition will require balancing domestic market demand, establishing renewable
energy-based charging infrastructure, and supporting production.
The goal is to make sure the sector remains a major contributor to the industrial
development of the domestic economy.
As such, the government plans to implement tax and expenditure measures to support
the automotive sector during this transition. Details will be provided in the 2024 Budget
Review.
Part of the broader strategy includes collaborating with other African countries to
develop battery production capacity on the continent, by pooling the critical-mineral
resource base that Africa is endowed with.
LOGISTICS
South Africa’s logistics system faces significant challenges, such as deteriorating rail
performance and inefficient ports. Rail underperformance is estimated to have cost up
to 5 per cent of GDP in 2022, with losses in the region of R50 billion in the minerals
sector alone.
Given the scale of the challenges, the National Logistics Crisis Committee was
instituted to broaden reforms in the sector and prioritise reforms aimed at resolving the
immediate crisis, while also addressing the structural aspects hampering the sector.
This approach is consistent with the key lesson from our reform of the electricity sector,
that resolving these challenges must be based on transforming the sector, and not
trying to save an entity.
No modern economy can thrive and grow new industries if rail lines are beset by
delays, and ports are unable to efficiently handle incoming and outgoing cargo.
Transnet’s performance in this regard has been underwhelming and its operations
have been strained by a worsening financial state.
Recognising the seriousness of the situation, the National Treasury is working with
Transnet and the Department of Public Enterprises to ensure that Transnet can meet
its immediate debt obligations.
Broader reforms of the logistics sector will be guided by the Freight Logistics
Roadmap.
The Roadmap sets out a clear path for enhancing efficiencies, facilitating the
introduction of competition and leveraging the financial and technical support of the
private sector.
Only once these three objectives are reflected in Transnet’s corporate and operational
plans, will there be a conversation about whether and how government can provide
financial support to transform the logistics sector.
We are seeking to facilitate a quantum shift in the quantity and quality of delivery by
mobilising private sector financing and technical expertise at scale.
Among the challenges is the lack of a credible pipeline that can attract funding, lack of
sustainable financing arrangements to crowd-in private finances, and poor contract
and project management to manage cost and schedule overruns.
In this regard, we are amending Treasury Regulations and key elements of municipal
legislation in line with the recommendations of the completed review of the Public-
Private Partnerships (PPP) framework. The new regulations will be published by the
time of the Budget 2024.
Government will also widen the scope for concessional borrowing by creating new
mechanisms through which private-sector investors and multilateral institutions can
co-invest with government for selected infrastructure projects.
This will include the use of build-operate-transfer (BOT) structures, PPPs and
concessions, and application of the frontloading mechanism which provincial
conditional grants now allows for.
The outcome will be clearer institutional arrangements for the private sector to invest
in public infrastructure, an increased pipeline of credible infrastructure projects, and
greater access to various forms of financing underpinned by effective delivery
mechanisms.
These measures will unlock social infrastructure projects, blended finance and PPPs
including the electricity transmission infrastructure and upgrades to railway lines,
amongst other projects that will be fast tracked.
STRENGTHENING PROCUREMENT
Madam speaker, we have tabled the Public Procurement Bill in this house. The Bill
seeks to create a single regulatory public procurement framework that strengthens the
integrity of the procurement system, enhances transparency and promotes
transformation.
The Bill empowers procuring institutions to make their procurement system based on
uniform norms and standards that the Bill prescribes. The all-in-one approach has not
worked.
The Bill went through an extensive consultation process in government and with social
partners. It considered the recommendations of the Zondo Commission and the
President’s response to Parliament thereto.
We are supporting the Parliamentary processes that are considering the Bill and we
look forward to the outcomes.
Madame speaker, the Bill will not solve all our procurement challenges, but it will make
it easier for honest officials to procure and for the corrupt, make it difficult to prevail.
We are also working with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD), the World Bank, and the African Development Bank on
modernising the procurement system.
Sixteen public procuring institutions are involved, together with civil society
organisations, the private sector and labour. The findings and recommendations will
be widely consulted, validated and used to inform future reforms.
To support the well-functioning of our public institutions, we have reviewed all the
National Treasury Supply Chain Management Instructions to identify which ones are
applicable to Schedule 2 entities.
The review is complete, and I will soon publish the relaxation from most SCM
Instructions for Schedule 2 state-owned entities.
We do this to support these entities to enhance their operations, enable them to deliver
infrastructure speedily and liberate them to maintain competitive edge.
This fiscal framework notes this policy priority and protects personnel-intensive
functions, such as the police while supporting a range of other crime fighting efforts.
We are also working hard to address deficiencies in our fight against organised crimes
and illegal financial flows.
Since February, when South Africa was greylisted by the Financial Action Task Force
(FATF), a large number of government departments and agencies – including the
police the Hawks, NPA, SIU, SSA, the Reserve Bank, FSCA, and SARS – have been
working hard to address these deficiencies.
The FATF noted at its plenary meeting last week that such work is showing positive
results, with South Africa having addressed 15 of the 20 technical deficiencies in our
legal framework, and making good progress on 17 of the 22 effectiveness action items,
including 2 that are now deemed to be largely addressed.
However, there is also a significant amount of work that must still be done, particularly
with regard to the investigation and prosecution of complex money laundering cases
and terror financing, the identification of informal mechanisms for remitting money
around the world, and the recovery of the proceeds from crime and corruption.
Government expects to address all the deficiencies identified by FATF by early 2025.
We are also devising ways to make better and more targeted use of the Criminal Asset
Recovery Account (CARA) to address crime.
Among these efforts, and emanating from the Presidential project on illicit mining
strategy, a recommendation has been made for Cabinet to consider using money from
the fund to combat illegal mining.
The South African Police Service, The Defense Force, the Financial Intelligence
Centre, the Department of Home Affairs and the Border Management Authority have
all received allocations from this fund.
I will shortly table an Omnibus Bill for public consultation, which will include key
amendments to various pieces of legislation, including the Public Finance
Management Act of 1999 (PFMA), Municipal Finance Management Act of 2003
(MFMA) and South African Revenue Service Act (SARS Act).
CONCLUSION
Madam speaker, the lived experiences of many South Africans do not reflect our
development ideals.
The expectation of a vibrant, inclusive and sustainable economy that works for all
South Africans is not a quest to aspire to, it is a reasonable and achievable
endeavour.
For its part, this MTBPS expresses government commitment to stabilise the foundation
upon which this economy lies.
We do this by:
Fast tracking the implementation of structural reforms, key being in the electricity
and logistics sectors, to lift our growth prospects.
Adopting a prudent fiscal stance that supports growth, promotes investment and
prevents the build-up of systemic risks to the economy.
Directing scarce fiscal resources towards key priority areas including frontline
services and social protection while reducing inefficiencies and wastage.
Drawing inspiration from the Springboks, I am convinced that if we are united and
remain committed to this trajectory that will lift up our growth prospects, we leverage
the power of the collective, and persevere in this difficult environment, we will come
out victorious.
I am grateful to the President and Deputy President for their continued support and
leadership.
Thank you to the Deputy Minister of Finance and the National Treasury team led by
the new Director-General, Dr Duncan Pieterse.
I would like to thank Mr Ismail Momoniat for his sterling contribution during his 29-
years of service in the National Treasury in many roles, most recently as Acting
Director-General.
His commitment to sustainable, transparent and accountable public finances, and the
values of our Constitution, is an example for us all.
Thank you to the Commissioner of the South African Revenue Service and the
Governor of the South African Reserve Bank.
Thank you to my colleagues in the Ministers’ Committee on the Budget and in the
Budget Council who share the heavy load of the tough decisions that we make to
maintain sustainable public finances.
To my wife and family, thank you so very much for your support.
Lastly, thank you to each and every South African.
Let us move forward, together!
Thank You.