Cme347 Lean Manufacturing Question Bank in PDF
Cme347 Lean Manufacturing Question Bank in PDF
PART A
1. What is SixSigma
Six Sigma is a set of methodologies and tools used to improve business processes by
reducing defects and errors, minimizing variation, and increasing quality and
efficiency. The goal of Six Sigma is to achieve a level of quality that is nearly
perfect, with only 3.4 defects per million opportunities.
Six Sigma tools are defined as the problem-solving tools used to support Six Sigma
and other process improvement efforts. The Six Sigma expert uses qualitative and
quantitative techniques to drive process improvement.
"5 Whys," is a guided team exercise for identifying the root cause of a problem. Five
Whys is used in the "analyze" phase of the Six Sigma DMAIC (define, measure,
analyze, improve, control) methodology.
The Six Sigma certification has five levels as White Belt, Yellow Belt, Green Belt,
Black Belt, Master Black Belt. Six Sigma certification helps you to increase your
value to your clients and company.
The main goal of any Six Sigma implementation is quality improvement. The term
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originally comes from the sigma rating used to statistically rate manufacturing
processes in engineering. A six sigma process occurs when no defects are expected in
99.99966% of all chances to produce them.
6.
What is standard deviation and mean example?
σ = √(∑x−x̄)2 /n) Now, let's take an example for a better understanding of 3, 2, 5, and
6. As stated above, using the formula for calculating the mean, it'll be calculated as
16/4 =4. The squared differences from average mean = (4-3)2+(2-4)2 +(5-4)2 +(6-
4)2= 10
7.
What is normal distribution and its application?
The Normal Distribution defines a probability density function f(x) for the
continuous random variable X considered in the system. It is basically a function
whose integral across an interval (say x to x + dx) gives the probability of the random
variable X taking the values between x and x + dx.
8.
What are the different levels of sigma?
White Belt
Yellow Belt
Green Belt.
Black Belt.
Master Black Belt.
Champion.
9. What is the formula for the value of enterprise?
Enterprise value (EV), total enterprise value (TEV), or firm value (FV) is an
economic measure reflecting the market value of a business (i.e. as distinct from
market price). It is a sum of claims by all claimants: creditors (secured and
unsecured) and shareholders
10. What is variation in Lean?
Variation is the term used to describe the consistency of a processes outputs.
Reducing variation is one of the most important objectives in Lean and Six Sigma.
The reduction of variation improves sigma rating and creates more stable processes
that can be improved upon.
11. What causes variation in Six Sigma?
Common cause variation – All processes have common cause variation. This
variation, also known as noise, is a normal part of any process. ...
Special cause variation – This variation is not normal to the process. It is the result of
exceptions in the process environment.
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12. What is the moving mean method?
Moving averages method is used in statistics to analyze data points, which are
calculated by averaging several subsets of a larger dataset. A moving average is a
measure of how well a piece of work is doing over a given period of time. The
moving average method is a popular stock indicator in technical analysis (MA).
13. What is the difference between moving average and mean?
In statistics, a moving average (rolling average or running average) is a calculation to
analyze data points by creating a series of averages of different selections of the full
data set. It is also called a moving mean (MM) or rolling mean and is a type of finite
impulse response filter.
14. What are the 4 types of quality costs?
The four major types of quality costs are prevention, appraisal, internal failure, and
external failure. Prevention costs are the costs created from the effort to reduce poor
quality.
15. What are the 4 costs of poor quality?
The cost of quality can be divided into four categories: prevention cost, appraisal
cost, internal failure cost, and external failure cost.
16. What is the Cost of Quality in Six Sigma?
The Cost of Quality is a method used by organizations to determine the amount of
resources required for good quality. It is simply the cost of producing quality
products and services. The cost of quality can be described as the sum of both good
quality and poor quality.
17. What is Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ)
Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) is the cost associated with producing poor-quality
products or services for the customer. In other words, it is the total financial losses
incurred by the company due to errors and subpar work. For example, scrap, rework,
repair, and warranty failure all add to the cost of poor quality.
18. What are QC techniques?
Quality control refers to a company's methods for assessing product quality and, if
necessary, improving it. There are various ways to perform quality control,
including benchmarking, examining manufacturing procedures, and testing products.
All of this is done to keep track of significant product differences.
19. What are the two goals of Six Sigma?
As for goals, Six Sigma seeks to: Find and eliminate causes of defects and errors.
Reduce cycle times and cost of operations. Improve productivity.
20. What are the benefits of Six Sigma?
you will decrease waste. Six Sigma ideology is aimed to help you and your company
optimize processes to decrease your total waste. ...
You will increase efficiency
2. Discuss briefly about Six Sigma's Value of Customer and a Market Driven Enterprise
3. Explain briefly about the reasons to attend Costs of Poor Quality and good quality.
4. Discuss briefly about Standard Deviation and Normal Distribution in Six Sigma
5. Explain briefly about Principles of Six Sigma and objectives of six sigma
6. Explain briefly about types of Variation
PART A
The purpose of the PPAP is to ensure that the customer's design has been understood
by the supplier and to prove that the supplier is capable of producing parts that meet
all the requirements consistently.
Increased efficiency
Reduced costs
Six Sigma identifies and removes defect-causing elements along with reducing the
changeability of the business and manufacturing processes to improve the quality of
outputs from a manufacturing process. In this methodology, an organization follows a
defined set of steps to quantify the targeted value of the project.
These are:
1. Define the Project — This is usually a problem to be solved. ...
2. Measure – Collect data about the current system or process.
3. Analyze the Data — To find the root cause of the error.
4. Improve – Design and implement changes that will eliminate the error.
What Are the 5 Principles of Lean Six Sigma? Define, measure, analyze, improve,
and control are the five principles and phases of Lean Six Sigma. They're the steps
practitioners take to create more efficient processes and a workplace culture that's
focused on continuous improvement.
A process has four sections, namely, text, data, heap, and stack.
More than creating seamless workflows, it enables all aspects of business operations
to run at an optimal pace. With business processes systematically implemented, you
reduce time wasted on repetitive tasks and minimize errors due to human
inefficiency.
PART B
1. Discuss the types of processes and Explain about process management strategies
Introduction to Lean Concepts like In-Built Quality, Concept of Right Part at the
Right Time, Lead Time reduction, Optimum utilization of Capital, Optimum
utilization of People. Understanding the Zero-defect concept and Metrics, Focus on
Human Resources, Quality, Delivery, Cost. Building Zero defect capabilities,
Cultural and Organizational aspects
Lead time describes the amount of time it takes to complete a specific process. In
business, lead time is often used to describe the amount of time it takes to process an
order, manufacture a product, delivery a good, or a combination of these processes.
Reactive management is when leaders respond to crises and issues as they arise.
Proactive management means anticipating needs and challenges so that you and your
team are prepared to overcome them.
Recruitment and Staffing. Staffing and recruiting cannot exist without each other, but
they are not the same. ...
Employee Relations. ...
Learning and Development. ...
Performance Management. ...
Company Culture.
Human resources planning ensures the best fit between employees and jobs while
avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses. There are four key steps to the HRP
process. They include analyzing present labor supply, forecasting labor demand,
balancing projected labor demand with supply, and supporting organizational goals.
Zero defects theory ensures that there is no waste existing in a project. Waste refers
to all unproductive processes, tools, employees and so on. Anything that is
unproductive and does not add value to a project should be eliminated, called the
process of elimination of waste.
Zero defects theory ensures that there is no waste existing in a project. Waste refers
to all unproductive processes, tools, employees and so on. Anything that is
unproductive and does not add value to a project should be eliminated, called the
process of elimination of waste.
PART B
2. Explain briefly about Facilitators for Optimum Use of Resources and explain
government strengthens the SHG movement.
Conducting a risk assessment can help evaluate the degree of risks hat any potential
events may have on an organization's ability to achieve its goals. Six Sigma tools like
cause-and-effect matrix, risk matrix, and failure mode and effects analysis can be
used to convert qualitative approaches to quantitative methods.
PART B
1. Discuss briefly about Lean Manufacturing Audit with advantages and disadvantages.
2. What Does a Corrective and Preventive Action (CAPA) Form Include?
3. Explain types of risk assessment
4. Explain the concept of audit with flowchart.