008 Alloy Tool Steel
008 Alloy Tool Steel
008 Alloy Tool Steel
Tool Steel
Alloys &
ETD 150® Analysis & Rounds .................................. 8-3
WARNING: These products can potentially expose you to chemicals including Nickel, Chromium,
Lead, Cobalt, Mercury and Beryllium, which are known to the state of California to cause cancer
and/or birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information, visit www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
alro.com 8-1
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Toolox ®44
Pre-hardened Steel 45 HRC with ESR Properties
Toolox® 44 is a highly engineered quench & tempered pre-hardened tool and machine steel with
measured and guaranteed mechanical properties. Toolox® 44 is delivered ready to use, no heat
treating required, saving you valuable production time, reducing risks and lowering overall costs.
Toolox® has ESR properties. The casting process along with the low carbon concept gives a high
degree of cleanliness and a homogenious structure.
The high hardness, in combination with excellent toughness, ensures lower tool wear. Toolox®
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Cold Work Tooling, Machine Components, Wear Components, Guide Rails, Plastic Molds,
Rubber Molds, Press Forming, Dies (Forging, Die Cast)
Note: Toolox®44 is not intended for further heat treatment. If Toolox® 44 is heated above
590° after delivery from Alro, no guarantees for the properties of the steel are given.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
pretested for machinability through Niagara LaSalle’s unique testing procedure.
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength................................................................**150,000 psi (Min)
Yield Strength (.2% offset)................................................... 130,000psi (Min)
Elongation.......................................................................................... 5% Min
Reduction of Area............................................................................. 20% Min
Machinability.................................................................75% of 1212 (approx)
Rockwell C Hardness..................................................................... **32 (Min)
Brinell Hardness........................................................................... **302 (Min)
*ETD 150® contains additives for improving machinability. These may be Tellurium,
Selenium, Sulphur (.06 max), or others, separately or in combination.
**In the event of disagreement between hardness and tensile strength, the tensile
strength shall govern.
alro.com 8-3
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AISI 4140/41L40 - Annealed
HR / CF (Also available in DCF)
This medium carbon alloy grade is widely used for many general purpose parts requiring
high tensile strength and toughness. 4140 contains chromium and molybdenum as alloy-
ing elements and may be heat treated over a wide range to give the combined advan-
tages of proper hardness, strength and ductility. In conditions where localized hardness
may be required, this steel is readily flame or induction hardened.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
1 1.446 3-1/2 7.879 8 28.123
1-1/4 1.786 4 8.985 10 35.099
1-1/2 2.126 4-1/2 10.092 12 42.076
1-3/4 2.467 5 11.198 16 56.028
2 2.807 6 13.410 20 69.981
2-1/4 3.147 8 17.834 24 83.934
2-1/2 3.488 10 22.257 1-1/4 x
2-3/4 3.827 12 26.682 1-1/4 5.692
3 4.168 16 35.530 1-1/2 6.778
3-1/2 4.849 20 44.378 1-3/4 7.862
4 5.530 24 53.227 2 8.947
6 8.252 3/4 x 2-1/4 10.032
1/2 x 3/4 2.141 2-1/2 11.117
1/2 1.004 1 2.801 2-3/4 12.201
5/8 1.227 1-1/4 3.460 3 13.286
3/4 1.451 1-1/2 4.120 3-1/2 15.456
1 1.897 1-3/4 4.779 4 17.625
1-1/4 2.344 2 5.438 4-1/2 19.795
1-1/2 2.791 2-1/4 6.098 5 21.964
1-3/4 3.237 2-1/2 6.757 6 26.304
2 3.684 2-3/4 7.417 8 34.982
2-1/4 4.131 3 8.076 10 43.660
2-1/2 4.577 3-1/2 9.395 12 52.338
2-3/4 5.024 4 10.713 16 69.694
3 5.471 4-1/2 12.032 20 87.050
3-1/2 6.364 5 13.351 24 104.406
4 7.257 6 15.988 1-1/2 x
4-1/2 8.151 8 21.263 1-1/2 8.106
alro.com 8-5
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AISI 4140 - Annealed Flats & Squares
HR (Cut from plate) (Also available in DCF)
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
1-3/4 x 2-1/4 x 3 x
1-3/4 10.945 2-3/4 21.771 5 52.112
2 12.456 3 23.707 6 62.406
2-1/2 15.476 3-1/2 27.578 8 82.996
3 18.497 4 31.449 10 103.585
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
1-1/4 4.176 4-1/2 55.309 10-1/2 305.044
1-3/8 5.052 4-3/4 61.859 11 334.253
1-1/2 6.012 5 68.459 11-1/2 364.796
1-5/8 7.056 5-1/4 75.393 12 396.675
1-3/4 8.172 5-1/2 82.661 12-1/2* 429.889
1-7/8 9.384 5-3/4 91.359 13* 466.624
2 10.680 6 99.343 13-1/2* 502.591
2-1/8 12.234 6-1/4 107.662 14* 539.893
2-1/4 13.704 6-1/2 116.315 14-1/2* 578.531
2-3/8 15.258 6-3/4 126.162 15* 618.503
2-1/2 16.896 7 135.515 15-1/2* 659.811
2-5/8 18.724 7-1/4 145.202 16* 702.454
2-3/4 20.533 7-1/2 155.224 17* 791.746
2-7/8 22.426 7-3/4 165.580 18* 886.378
3 24.409 8 176.275 19* 986.351
3-1/8 26.463 8-1/4 187.296 20* 1091.664
3-1/4 28.872 8-1/2 199.737 22* 1318.314
3-3/8 31.111 8-3/4 211.463 24* 1566.326
* Sizes above 12" are 16-20' randoms, forged and roughturned.
Please refer to pages 8-32 thru 8-34 for alloy tolerances.
Stock Lengths: 20 foot
alro.com 8-7
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AISI 4140 - Rounds
HR Q&T
Diameter Weight Diameter Weight Diameter Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
3/4 1.500 4 43.814 10 277.171
7/8 2.040 4-1/4 49.394 10-1/2 305.044
1 2.670 4-1/2 55.309 11 334.253
1-1/8 3.379 4-3/4 61.859 11-1/2 364.796
Tool Steel
Tool Steel
Alloys &
AISI 4140 Quench & Tempered Rounds
Cold Finish T&P
Diameter Length Weight Diameter Length Weight
(inches) (feet) (lbs./foot) (inches) (feet) (lbs./foot)
alro.com 8-9
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AISI 4140 Annealed Hexagons
Cold Finish
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
3/8 0.413 15/16 2.584 1-5/8 7.763
7/16 0.563 1 2.940 1-3/4 9.004
1/2 0.735 1-1/16 3.324 1-7/8 10.350
9/16 0.930 1-1/8 3.721 2 11.780
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Strippers, Holder Blocks, Mold Bases, Ejectors, Back Up and Support Tooling, Fixtures,
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Jigs, Molds, Cams, and many more applications where time and money are important
considerations.
alro.com 8-11
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AISI 4140/4142 (MOD) - Flats & Squares
Pre-Hardened DCF, HR Pre-Hardened, Annealed DCF and
HR Annealed (Cut from Plate)
16 31.717
1/2 0.785 18 35.651 24 67.978
5/8 0.956 20 39.585 32 90.521
3/4 1.126 24 47.453 7/8x
1 1.466 32 63.190 7/8 2.916
1-1/4 1.806 5/8 x 5/8 1.553 1 3.299
1-1/2 2.147 3/4 1.829 1-1/4 4.064
1-3/4 2.487 1 2.382 1-1/2 4.830
2 2.827 1-1/4 2.935 1-3/4 5.596
2-1/4 3.168 1-1/2 3.488 2 6.362
2-1/2 3.508 1-3/4 4.041 2-1/4 7.127
2-3/4 3.848 2 4.594 2-1/2 7.893
3 4.189 2-1/4 5.148 2-3/4 8.659
3-1/2 4.869 2-1/2 5.701 3 9.424
4 5.550 2-3/4 6.254 3-1/2 10.956
6 8.272 3 6.807 4 12.487
7 9.634 3-1/2 7.913 4-1/2 14.019
8 10.995 4 9.019 5 15.550
10 13.718
Please refer to pages 8-32 thru 8-34 for alloy tolerances.
Note, sizes not listed above can be cut from plate.
Tool Steel
1-1/2 6.843 5 26.349
Alloys &
8 24.739
10 30.865 1-3/4 7.927 6 31.539
12 39.321 2 9.012 8 41.919
16 52.294 2-1/4 10.097 10 52.298
20 65.267 2-1/2 11.182 12 65.109
24 78.240 2-3/4 12.267 16 86.590
32 104.186 3 13.351 20 108.071
1x 1 3.757 3-1/2 15.521 24 129.552
1-1/4 4.629 4 17.690 32 172.514
1-1/2 5.501 4-1/2 19.860 1-3/4 x
1-3/4 6.373 5 22.030 1-3/4 11.036
2 7.245 6 26.369 2 12.546
2-1/4 8.117 8 35.047 3 18.587
2-1/2 8.989 10 43.725 3-1/2 21.608
2-3/4 9.861 12 54.794 4 24.628
3 10.733 16 72.872 4-1/2 27.648
3-1/2 12.478 20 90.949 5 30.669
4 14.222 24 109.027 6 36.709
4-1/2 15.966 32 145.183 8 48.791
5 17.710 1-3/8 x 1-3/8 6.918 10 60.872
6 21.198 1-1/2 7.514 12 75.424
7 24.687 1-3/4 8.705 16 100.308
8 28.175 2 9.896 20 125.192
9 31.663 2-1/4 11.087 24 150.077
10 35.151 2-1/2 12.278 32 199.845
12 44.479 2-3/4 13.469 2 x
16 59.153 3 14.660 2 14.314
20 73.828 3-1/2 17.043 2-1/4 16.036
4 19.425 2-1/2 17.759
alro.com 8-13
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AISI 4140/4142 (MOD) - Flats & Squares
Pre-Hardened DCF, HR Pre-Hardened, Annealed DCF and
HR Annealed (Cut from Plate)
Tool Steel
Alloys &
3/4 30.60 3-1/4 132.73 6-1/2 265.45
7/8 35.735 3-1/2 142.90 6-3/4 275.67
1 40.80 3-3/4 153.15 7 285.88
1-1/4 51.10 4 163.30 7-1/2 306.30
1-1/2 61.30 4-1/4 173.57 8 326.72
1-5/8 66.40 4-1/2 183.78 8-1/4 336.93
1-3/4 71.47 4-3/4 193.99 8-1/2 347.14
1-7/8 76.575 5 204.20 8-3/4 357.35
2 81.70 5-1/4 214.40 9 367.56
2-1/4 91.90 5-1/2 224.62
2-1/2 102.10 5-3/4 234.83
Please refer to pages 8-32 thru 8-34 for alloy tolerances.
alro.com 8-15
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AISI 4150 Hot Rolled Annealed
4150 grade is a medium-carbon, chromium-molybdenum steel. 4150 is also capable of good strength
and wear resistance, has excellent toughness, good ductility and has the ability to resist stress and
creep at prolonged high temperatures. In the annealed condition, machinability is improved.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Carbon (C) 0.47 / 0.55
Manganese (Mn) 0.75 / 1.35
Silicon (Si) 0.15 / 0.30
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.15 / 0.25
Chromium (Cr) 0.70 / 1.10
Sulphur (S) 0.06 / 0.10
Phosphorus (P) 0.035 max.
Tensile Strength approx. 110,000 lbs psi
Yield Point approx. 85,000 lbs psi
Brinell Hardness 269 - 321
Rockwell C 28 - 34
Elongation in 2" 16%
Reduction in Area 51%
Rounds 11" and up are not resulphurized.
Flats and Squares Hot rolled, heat treated, machine straightened,
stress relieved. BHN 269/321
alro.com 8-17
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4150 Dybar - (MOD) RS Hot Rolled
4150 Dybar is a special quality alloy steel that has been resulphurized for considerations for
machining. Modifications have been made to the chemical composition for increased hardenability.
This steel is made by a single slab electric furnace process to a silicon fully killed practice and
resulphurized to set limits.
Tool Steel
Carbon (C) 0.38 / 0.43
Alloys &
Manganese (Mn) 0.60 / 0.80
Silicon (Si) 0.15 / 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.20 / 0.30
Chromium (Cr) 0.70 / 0.90
Nickel (Ni) 1.65 / 2.00
Sulphur (S) 0.040 max.
Phosphorus (P) 0.035 max.
AISI 4340
Q&T (For Reference Only), Hot Rolled
alro.com 8-19
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AISI 4340 - HR Q&T Rounds
Diameter Weight Diameter Weight Diameter Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Diameter Weight 4340 4340
(inches) (lbs./foot) CFA-AQ HRA-AQ
1/2 .668
3/4 1.500
1 2.676
1-1/4 4.176
1-1/2 6.012
1-3/4 8.172
2 10.680
2-1/4 13.704
2-1/2 16.896
2-3/4 20.533
3 24.645
3-1/4 28.872
3-1/2 33.434
3-3/4 38.568
4 43.814
4-1/4 49.394
4-1/2 55.309
4-3/4 61.859
5 68.459
5-1/2 82.661
6 99.343
6-1/2 116.315
alro.com 8-21
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AISI 6150 - Annealed, HR/DCF
An electric furnace melt of chrome vanadium steel possessing the following characteristics:
oil-hardening, high resistance to vibratory stress, standard deformation, medium hardness, high
torque strength and bright polish.
Typical Applications
Arbors, Heavy Machinery Parts, Gears, Shafts, High Strength Studs and Spindles.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
1-1/4 2.371 1-3/4 4.819 3 13.351
1-1/2 2.818 2 5.478 3-1/2 15.521
1-3/4 3.264 2-1/4 6.137 4 17.690
2 3.711 2-1/2 6.797 4-1/2 19.860
2-1/4 4.158 2-3/4 7.456 5 22.030
2-1/2 4.604 3 8.116 6 26.369
2-3/4 5.051 3-1/2 9.434 8 35.047
3 5.498 4 10.753 10 43.725
3-1/2 6.391 5 13.390 12 54.794
4 7.284 6 16.028 16 72.872
5 9.071 8 21.303 20 90.949
6 10.858 10 26.578 24 109.027
8 14.431 12 34.164 32 145.183
10 18.004 16 45.435 1-3/8 x
12 23.849 20 56.706 1-3/8 6.918
16 31.717 24 67.978 1-1/2 7.514
20 39.585 32 90.521 1-3/4 8.705
24 47.453 1 x 2 9.896
5/8 x 1 3.757 2-1/4 11.087
5/8 1.553 1-1/4 4.629 2-1/2 12.278
3/4 1.829 1-1/2 5.501 2-3/4 13.469
1 2.382 1-3/4 6.373 3 14.660
1-1/4 2.935 2 7.245 3-1/2 17.043
1-1/2 3.488 2-1/4 8.117 4 19.425
1-3/4 4.041 2-1/2 8.989 5 24.189
2 4.594 2-3/4 9.861 6 28.954
2-1/4 5.148 3 10.733 8 38.483
2-1/2 5.701 3-1/2 12.478 10 48.012
alro.com 8-23
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AISI 6150 - Annealed Flats & Squares
DCF (Cut From Plate)
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
1-1/2 x 2-1/2 x 4 x
8 41.727 2-1/2 22.144 4 55.846
10 52.106 2-3/4 24.293 5 69.544
12 65.109 3 26.441 6 83.242
16 83.246 3-1/2 30.737 8 110.638
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
1-3/8 5.052 4-1/2 54.822 8-3/4 208.818
Alloys &
1-1/2 6.012 4-3/4 61.243 9 220.816
1-5/8 7.056 5 67.804 9-1/4 235.501
1-3/4 8.180 5-1/4 74.699 9-1/2 248.207
1-7/8 9.390 5-1/2 81.928 10* 277.171
2 10.680 5-3/4 90.203 10-1/2* 305.044
2-1/8 12.230 6 98.146 11* 334.253
2-1/4 13.704 6-1/4 103.390 11-1/2* 364.796
2-1/2 16.896 6-1/2 114.985 12* 396.675
2-5/8 18.724 6-3/4 123.078 13* 466.624
2-3/4 20.533 7 133.771 14* 539.893
3 24.409 7-1/4 143.397 15* 618.503
3-1/4 28.606 7-1/2 153.348 16* 702.454
3-1/2 33.143 7-3/4 163.633 * Over 10" is forged
alro.com 8-25
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AISI 8620/86L20
Carefully controlled proportions of chromium, nickel and molybdenum are responsible for the
extensive use of 8620 as a carburizing alloy steel. Valuable features of this grade include extreme
surface hardenability and internal strength.
3/8 x 5/8 x 1 x
3/8 0.594 2-1/4 5.114 4 14.169
1/2 0.765 2-1/2 5.667 4-1/2 15.914
5/8 0.935 2-3/4 6.220 5 17.658
3/4 1.105 3 6.773 6 21.146
Tool Steel
Alloys &
1 1.446 3-1/2 7.879 8 28.123
1-1/4 1.786 4 8.985 10 35.099
1-1/2 2.126 4-1/2 10.092 12 42.076
1-3/4 2.467 5 11.198 16 56.028
2 2.807 6 13.410 20 69.981
2-1/4 3.147 8 17.834 24 83.934
2-1/2 3.488 10 22.257 1-1/4 x
2-3/4 3.827 12 26.682 1-1/4 5.692
3 4.168 16 35.530 1-1/2 6.778
3-1/2 4.849 20 44.378 1-3/4 7.862
4 5.530 24 53.227 2 8.947
6 8.252 3/4 x 2-1/4 10.032
1/2 x 3/4 2.141 2-1/2 11.117
1/2 1.004 1 2.801 2-3/4 12.201
5/8 1.227 1-1/4 3.460 3 13.286
3/4 1.451 1-1/2 4.120 3-1/2 15.456
1 1.897 1-3/4 4.779 4 17.625
1-1/4 2.344 2 5.438 4-1/2 19.795
1-1/2 2.791 2-1/4 6.098 5 21.964
1-3/4 3.237 2-1/2 6.757 6 26.304
2 3.684 2-3/4 7.417 8 34.982
2-1/4 4.131 3 8.076 10 43.660
2-1/2 4.577 3-1/2 9.395 12 52.338
2-3/4 5.024 4 10.713 16 69.694
3 5.471 4-1/2 12.032 20 87.050
3-1/2 6.364 5 13.351 24 104.406
4 7.257 6 15.988 1-1/2 x
4-1/2 8.151 8 21.263 1-1/2 8.106
alro.com 8-27
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AISI 8620 Flats and Squares
HR (Cut From Plate)
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
16 219.782
Please refer to pages 8-32 thru 8-34 for alloy tolerances. 20 274.574
Note, sizes not listed above can be cut from plate. 24 329.366
Tool Steel
1-1/8 3.384 4 43.814 9-3/4 253.812
Alloys &
1-3/16 3.76 4-1/8 46.562 10 277.171
1-1/4 4.176 4-1/4 49.394 10-1/4 290.941
1-5/16 4.60 4-1/2 55.309 10-1/2 305.044
1-3/8 5.052 4-3/4 61.859 11 334.253
1-7/16 5.52 5 68.459 11-1/2 364.796
1-1/2 6.012 5-1/4 75.393 12 396.675
1-5/8 7.056 5-1/2 82.661 12-1/2 429.889
1-3/4 8.172 5-3/4 91.359 13 466.624
1-7/8 9.384 6 99.343 14 539.893
2 10.680 6-1/4 107.662 15 618.503
2-1/8 12.234 6-1/2 116.315 16 702.454
2-1/4 13.704 6-3/4 126.162 17 791.746
2-3/8 15.258 7 135.515 18 886.378
2-1/2 16.896 7-1/4 145.202 19 986.351
2-5/8 18.724 7-1/2 155.224 20 1091.664
2-3/4 20.533 7-3/4 165.580 22 1318.314
2-7/8 22.426 8 176.271 24 1566.326
3 24.645 8-1/4 187.296 26 1835.701
Please refer to pages 8-32 thru 8-34 for alloy tolerances.
Stock Lengths: 18 - 20 foot randoms
alro.com 8-29
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AISI 86L20 CF Rounds
Diameter Weight Diameter Weight Diameter Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
3/8 0.38 1-1/4 4.17 2-1/4 13.52
1/2 0.67 1-5/16 4.60 2-3/8 15.06
9/16 0.85 1-3/8 5.05 2-1/2 16.69
5/8 1.04 1-7/16 5.52 2-5/8 18.40
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Silicon (Si) 0.15 - 0.30
Chromium (Cr) 1.30 / 1.60
Phosphorus (P) 0.025 MAX
Sulphur (S) 0.025 MAX
Physical Properties
Contact Alro for specific certification.
alro.com 8-31
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Hot Rolled Alloy Bars
Size Tolerances and Out-of-Round or Out-of Square Tolerances
Tool Steel
Alloys &
no. of ft. of length
Hot Rolled Bars 1/4" in any 5 ft. or 1/4 x inches
5
alro.com 8-33
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Thickness & Width Oversize Ranges
De-Carb Free Flats and Squares
Size Width - Based on Thickness
(inches) Thickness (inches) (inches)
Through 4" thick +.035 / +.077 oversize +.015 / +.035 oversize
Rough Milled 4" thru <5" +.062 / +.124 oversize +.062 / +.125 oversize
Rough Milled 5" and over +.062 / +.124 oversize +.125 / +.250 oversize
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Max. Carbon
Carbon Max. Carbon over .55% or
thru over .28% All Carbons
Size & Shape .28% Max. thru .55% Heat Treated E.T.D. 150®
Rounds (Cold Drawn or
Turned and Polished)
Up thru 1-1/2 .003 .004 .006 .005
Over 1-1/2 thru 2-1/2 .004 .005 .007 .006
Alro Steel Metals Guide
Typical Applications
Large Blanking Dies, Thread Roller Dies, Long Punches, Rolls, Master Hubs, Trimming
Dies, Forming Dies, Precision Tools, Gauges, Coining Dies, Extrusion Dies, Mandrels,
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Shear Blades and Slitters.
alro.com 8-35
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AISI A6
A6 is an air-hardening, non-deforming tool steel that combines the deep hardening charac-
teristics of air-hardening steels with the simplicity of low temperature heat treatment possible
in many of the oil-hardening grades.
Typical Applications
Blanking Dies, Precision Tools, Forming Dies, Coining Dies, Master Hubs, Shear Blades, Plas-
tic Molds, Spindles, Mandrels, Heavy Duty Punches.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Blanking Dies, Forming Dies, Coining Dies, Slitting Cutters, Heading Tools, Long Punches,
Forming Rolls, Edging Rolls, Master Tools, Beading Rolls, Intricate Punches, Extrusion Dies,
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Drawing Dies, Lamination Dies, Thread Rolling Dies, Shear Blades, Burnishing Tools, Gauges,
Knurls, Wear Parts.
alro.com 8-37
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DC53
DC53 is a general purpose, cold work die and mold steel whose strength and toughness
approach those of high-speed steels.
Typical Applications
Forming Dies, Thread Rolling Dies, Cold Forging Dies, Gauges, Plastic Molds, Stepped
Punch and Press Punching Dies.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Blanking Dies, Bushings, Forming Dies, Master Tools, Forming Rolls, Gauges, Trim Dies.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Analysis Type O1 (UNS T31501)
Carbon (C) 0.85 / 1.00
Manganese (Mn) 1.00 / 1.40
Silicon (Si) 0.50 max.
Tungsten (W) 0.40 / 0.60
Molybdenum (Mo)
Chromium (Cr) 0.40 / 0.70
Vanadium (V) 0.30 max.
Cobalt (Co)
*Nickel (Ni) 0.30 max.
Forging (a)
Start forging at 1800 - 1950°F
(982 - 1066°C)
Do not forge below 1550°F (843°C)
Normalizing (b) 1600°F (871 °C)
Annealing (c)
Temperature 1400 - 1450°F
(760 - 788°C)
Rate of cooling, max. per hour 40°F (22°C)
Typical annealed hardness, Brinell 183 - 212
Hardening
Rate of heating Slowly
Preheat temperature 1200°F (649°C)
Hardening temperature 1450 - 1500°F
(788 - 816°C)
alro.com 8-39
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AISI O6
O6 is an oil-hardening cold work steel which has outstanding machinability resulting from
small particles of graphitic carbon uniformly distributed throughout the steel. These particles
increase resistance to wear and galling in service. For an oil-hardening steel, 06 holds size
well during heat treating.
Typical Applications
Blanking Dies, Piercing Dies, Drawing Dies, Pneumatic Hammers, Forming Dies, Spinning
Tools, Punches, Stamps, Gauges, Wear Plates, Cams, Rotary Slitting Cutters.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Forming Rolls, Spindles, Punches, Trim Dies, Blanking Dies, Embossing Dies, Forming
Dies, and Shear Blades.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Analysis Type L6 (UNS T61206)
Carbon (C) 0.65 / 0.75
Manganese (Mn) 0.25 / 0.80
Silicon (Si) 0.50 max
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.50 max
Chromium (Cr) 0.60 / 1.20
Vanadium (V) 0.30 max
*Nickel (Ni) 1.25 / 2.00
Forging (a)
Start forging at 1800 - 2000°F
(982 - 1093°C)
Do not forge below 1550°F (843°C)
Normalizing (b) 1600°F (871 °C)
Annealing (c)
Temperature 1400 - 1450°F
(760 - 788°C)
Rate of cooling, max. per hour 40°F (22°C)
Typical annealed hardness, Brinell 183-255
Hardening
Rate of heating Slowly
Hardening temperature 1450 - 1550°F
(788 - 843°C)
Time at temperature, minutes 10 - 30 (j)
Quenching medium 0 (I)
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AISI S5
S5 is an oil-hardening silicon-manganese steel of medium carbon content especially adapted
for punches, shear blades, chisels, and other shock resisting applications. S5 is therefore
applicable where the properties of silicon-manganese steels are desired in combination
with well-known advantages of oil-hardening steels. A reduced tendency to distort or crack
in heat treatment is accordingly combined with high toughness in S5.
Tempering
Tempering temperature 350 - 800°F
(177 - 427°C)
Approx. tempered hardness, Rockwell C 50 - 60
Wear Resistance Low to Medium
Toughness Highest
Resistance to Softening Effect of
Elevated Temperature Low
Depth of Hardening Medium
Machinability Medium to High
Grindability Medium to High
Distortion in Heat Treating Medium
Safety in Hardening High
Resistance to Decarburization Low
Please refer to pg. 8-58 for notes (a) to (o) incl., explanation of letter 0, A, S, B and W.
*Unless otherwise specified, nickel plus copper equal 0.75% max. for all tool steel types.
Typical Applications
Bull Riveters, Concrete Breakers (Moll Points), Riveting Dies, Powder Metal Dies, Notching Dies,
Tool Steel
Dowels, Drills, Drill Plates, Hubs, Plastic Mold Dies, Cold Forming Dies, Blanking Dies, Bending
Alloys &
Dies, and Master Hobs.
alro.com 8-43
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AISI S7 ESR
S7 ESR tool steel is specifically designed for use in molds and other applications where a
highly polished or a very smooth finish is required. The ESR (Electro Slag Remelt) process
removes most of the non-metallic inclusions in the steel. S7 ESR double melt's relatively low
carbon level, fortified chemistry, ultra-clean, uniform, and homogeneous internal structure
make it superior to the other conventionally manufactured shock-resisting tool steels. The
following charts show microcleanliness ratings of ESR tool steels by ASTM E45, Method D:
Typical
Tool Steel
A B C D
Alloys &
Microcleanliness
Thin < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 1.0
Heavy < 0.5 < 0.5 < 0.5 1.0
Maximum Rated
Microcleanliness A B C D
Thin 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.5
Heavy 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
The quality control of the S7 ESR process assures the exceptional cleanliness throughout by removing
most harmful inclusions in the material (such as, oxides, nitrides and sulfides). The ESR steel produced
will reflect a mirror like surface condition, subsequently reducing friction giving you easier ejection of parts,
the elimination of minute scratches, and other stress-raisers that could lead to premature die failures.
The higher quality steel produced by special melt practices imparts a most important characteristic—
freedom of inclusions and other imperfections. Other advantages include: cleanliness, stability, improved
mechanical properties, structures relatively free from segregation resulting in less cracking, and quality
assurance by ultrasonic testing of all ESR material produced.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Analysis Type P20 (UNS T51620)
Carbon (C) 0.35
Manganese (Mn) 0.80
Silicon (Si) 0.50
Tungsten (W)
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.45
Chromium (Cr) 1.70
Vanadium (V)
Cobalt (Co)
Nickel (Ni)
Forging (a)
Start forging at 2000oF (1093oC)
Do not forge below 1700oF (927oC)
Normalizing (b) Do not normalize
Annealing (c)
Temperature 1450-1500oF
(788-816oC)
Rate of cooling, max. per hour 30oF per hour to 1000oF
Typical annealed hardness, Brinell 207 max.
Hardening
Rate of heating Slowly
Preheat temperature None
Hardening temperature 1500-1600oF
(816-871oC)
Time at temperature, minutes 60 min. per inch of thick.
alro.com 8-45
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AISI T420 Stainless ESR
AISI T420 ESR is an air or oil hardening mold steel having superior internal steel cleanliness
combined with good resistance to corrosion. It is suitable for mold applications and is capable
of providing an excellent polished surface. A special re-melting process called Electro Slag
Refining or ESR provides a 420 type steel with the very low inclusion content required by
mold makers who polish mold surfaces.
Tool Steel
Carbon (C) 0.85 / 1.50
Alloys &
Manganese (Mn) 0.10 / 0.40
Silicon (Si) 0.10 / 0.40
Tungsten (W) 0.15 max
Molybdenum (Mo) 0.10 max
Chromium (Cr) 0.15 max
Vanadium (V) 0.15 / 0.35
Cobalt (Co)
*Nickel (Ni) 0.20 max
Forging (a)
Start forging at 1800 - 1950°F
(982 - 1066°C)
Do not forge below 1500°F (816°C)
Normalizing (b) 1450 - 1700°F (d)
Annealing (c)
Temperature 1360 - 1450°F(d)
(738 - 788°C)
Rate of cooling, max. per hour 40°F (22°C)
Typical annealed hardness, Brinell 156 - 201
Hardening
Rate of heating Slowly
Preheat temperature (g)
Hardening temperature 1400 - 1550°F (e)
(760 - 843°C)
Time at temperature, minutes 10 - 30
Quenching medium B or W (I)
alro.com 8-47
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AISI H13
H13 is a 5% chromium hot work tool steel designed for applications that require extreme toughness
combined with good red-hardness. H13 will allow an extra margin of safety in tools subject to
heavy hammer blows, and those containing deep recesses or sharp corners. Although H13 was
designed as a hot work steel, it has solved many cold work applications where extra toughness
could be gained with some sacrifice of wear resistance.
Typical Applications
Aluminum Extrusion Dies, Die Casting Dies, Heavy Duty Compression Tools, Forming Punches,
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Hot Forging Dies, Shear Blades, Plastic Mold Dies, and Bolt Dies.
Tool Steel
nates costly finishing operations after heat treatment.
Alloys &
Using prehardened Viscount 44® for extrusion tools makes it possible to produce dies, backers,
bolsters, dummy blocks, etc. in a few hours, allowing extremely short delivery schedules to be
met. In addition, the use of prehardened Viscount 44® for extrusion dies ensures clean metal at
the bearing surfaces free from any possible decarburization, carburization, scale, sub-scale or
other deleterious conditions sometimes encountered when finished dies are heat treated.
Field tests show that Viscount 44®'s performance in aluminum, magnesium, and zinc die casting
dies is at best the equivalent of regular H13. Particular examples have shown that over 100,000
shots can be obtained in large dies and over 200,000 shots in smaller dies.
Field reports also indicate excellent performance with Viscount 44® on forging dies, plastic molds,
extrusion tools, and other hot work tools.
alro.com 8-49
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DRM1
Hot and Warm Forging Die Steel
DRM1 tool steel features high hardness and high tough Matrix type high speed tool steel
vastly surpasses hot work die steels. DRM1 improves hot and warm die life by its higher
toughness than conventional grade.
Typical Applications
Used for hot and warm forging dies and punches.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
GC-Gas Quenching
in vacuum furnace,
Salt Bath, Similar to conventional
high speed steels
Tempering Minimal Double Temper
AC-Air Cooling,
Tempering temperature 1022-1148°F
(550-620°C)
Approx. tempered hardness, Rockwell C 56-58 HRC
Wear Resistance Good
Toughness Very High
Resistance to Softening Effect of
Elevated Temperature High
Machinability Better and faster than
conventional high speed steels
Grindability Better and faster than
conventional high speed steels
Typical Applications
Used for warm and cold forging dies and punches.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Analysis Type DRM2
Carbon (C) 0.70
Tungsten (W) 1.00
Molybdenum (Mo) 2.40
Chromium (Cr) 5.50
Vanadium (V) 1.00
Annealing (c)
Temperature 1472 - 1616°F
(800 - 880°C)
Slow cooling
Typical annealed hardness, Brinell ≤ 235HB
Hardening
Rate of heating Moderately from preheat
Preheat temperature 1742°F (950°C)
Hardening temperature 1922 - 2012°F
(1050 - 1100°C)
Time at temperature, minutes 20-30 per inch of thickness
for material under 4"
10-20 per inch of thickness
for material 4" and over
Quenching OQ-Oil Quenching,
GC-Gas Quenching
in vacuum furnace,
Salt Bath, Similar to conventional
high speed steels
alro.com 8-51
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DRM3
Cold Forging Die Steel
Conventional grade MH88 has been improved to DRM3. High hardness and tough DRM3
with excellent hardenability is suitable for high precision cold working tools.
Typical Applications
Used for hot and warm forging dies and punches.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Broaches, Boring Tools, Chasers, Cold Forming Rolls, Cold Heading Inserts, Drills, End
Mills, Form Tools, Hobs, Lathe and Planer Tools, Punches, Milling Cutters, Taps, Reamers,
and Saws.
alro.com 8-53
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AISI M3
M3 was developed after extensive studies of the effect of increased carbon and vanadium contents
on the intermediate molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steels. The analysis was tried and proven
on practically all high-speed steel applications. M3 offers the unusual combination of extremely
high-edge strength at high hardness levels. With few exceptions, best life is accomplished with a
minimum hardness of 65.5 Rockwell C. Experience indicates that the chemical balance achieved
in M3 results in optimum combination of cutting ability, abrasion resistance, edge strength, red
hardness, and long service life. M3 is more readily machined and offers less grinding resistance
than higher vanadium types.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Drills, Taps, End Mills, Reamers, Counterbores, Broaches, Hobs, Form Tools, Lathe and Planer
Tools, Checking Tools, Milling Cutters, Slitting Saws, Punches, Drawing Dies, and Wood Work-
ing Knives.
Typical Applications
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Blades, Broaches, Chasers, Die Inserts, Form Tools, Lathe and Planer Tools, Milling Cutters,
Punches, Reamers, Slitter Knives, Spade Drills, and Taps.
alro.com 8-55
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AISI M42
M42 is a molybdenum-cobalt high-speed steel capable of being hardened to 70 Rockwell C. The
carbon content is higher than in most high-speed steels, and with this balanced composition,
contributes to wear resistance and hot hardness as well as the high hardness capability. M42
exhibits good grindability and relatively good toughness at high hardness levels. M42 is being
used for the machining of heat treated materials (high hardness) and high temperature alloys.
Typical Applications
Tool Steel
Broaches, Circular and Dovetail Form Tools, Drills, End Mills, Lathe Tools, Milling Cutters, Punches,
Alloys &
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Typical Applications
Broaches, Chasers, Form Tools, Heavy Duty Cutting Tools, High Production Blades, Milling Cutters,
Reamers, and Taps.
alro.com 8-57
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Heat Treating Notes
(a) The temperature at which to start heat treating is given as a range, the higher side of which should
be used for large sections and heavy or rapid reductions, and the lower side for smaller sections and
lighter reduction. As the alloy content of steel increases, the time of soaking at forging temperature
increases proportionately. Likewise, as the alloy content increases, it becomes necessary to cool
slowly from the maximum heating temperature. With very high alloy steels, such as high-speed
steels and air- hardening steels, this slow cooling is imperative in order to prevent cracking and to
leave the steel in semi-soft condition. Either furnace cooling or burying in an insulating medium,
such as lime, mica, or silocel is satisfactory.
Tool Steel
(b) The length of time the steel is held after being uniformly heated through at the normalizing tem-
Alloys &
perature varies from about 15 minutes for a small section to about one hour for large sizes. Cooling
from the normalizing temperature is done in still air. The purpose of normalizing after forging is to
refine the grain structure and to produce a uniform structure throughout the forging. Normalizing
should not be confused with low temperature [about 1200°F (649°C)] annealing used for the relief
of residual stresses resulting from heavy machining, bending, and forming.
(c) The annealing temperature is given as a range, the upper limit of which should be used for large
sections and the lower limit for smaller sections. The length of time the steel is held after being
uniformly heated through at the annealing temperature varies from about one hour for light sections
and small furnace charges of carbon or low alloy tool steel to about four hours for heavy sections
and large furnace charges of high alloy steel.
(d) Normalizing, annealing, and hardening temperatures of carbon tool steels are given as ranges as
they vary with carbon content. The following temperatures are suggested:
Normalizing
0.60 to 0.75% C: 1500°F (816°C)
0.75 to 0.90% C: 1450°F (788°C)
0.90 to 1.10% C: 1600°F (871°C)
1.10 to 1.40% C: 1600 to 1700°F (871 to 927°C)
Annealing
0.60 to 0.90% C: 1360 to 1400°F (738 to 760°C)
0.90 to 1.40% C: 1400 to 1450°F (760 to 788°C)
(e) Varies with carbon content as follows:
0.60-0.80% C: 1450-1550°F (788 to 843°C)
0.85-1.05% C: 1425-1550°F (774 to 843°C)
1.10-1.40% C: 1400-1525°F (760 to 829°C)
Alro Steel Metals Guide
(f) Toughness decreases with increasing carbon content and depth of hardening.
(g) For large tools and tools having intricate sections, preheating at 1050-1200°F
(566-649°C) is recommended.
(h) When high temperature heating is carried out in a salt bath, the range of
temperatures should be about 25°F (14°C) lower than that shown.
(j) Times shown apply to open furnace heat treatment. For pack hardening a common rule is to
heat for 1/2 hour per inch (25.4 mm) of cross section of the pack.
(k) Double tempering suggested for not less than one hour at temperature each temper.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
No time consuming Ni chrome box packing.
Scale free heat treating.
Hardened parts remain scale free, minimizing grinding.
Grade Availability
Grade Thickness Maximum Temperature
321 Stainless .002" 2000°F (1093°C)
309 Stainless .002" 2240°F (1093°C)
Tool Wrap edges are extremely sharp, gloves should always be worn when
working with Tool Wrap.
alro.com 8-59
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Tool Steel Flats and Squares (DCF)
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
Note: Actual weight may vary because of oversize tolerance. Sizes not listed above can be cut from plate.
For Powdered Metal add 3% for weight.
Tool Steel
Alloys &
7 36.729 2-3/4 21.887 3-1/2 36.824
8 41.919 3 23.823 4 41.971
9 47.109 3-1/2 27.694 4-1/2 47.119
10 52.298 4 31.565 5 52.266
12 65.109 4-1/2 35.436 5-1/2 57.413
16 86.590 5 39.308 6 62.561
20 108.071 5-1/2 43.179 7 72.855
24 129.552 6 47.050 8 83.150
1-3/4x 1-3/4 11.036 7 54.792 9 93.445
2 12.546 8 62.534 10 103.739
2-1/4 14.057 9 70.277 12 127.000
2-1/2 15.567 10 78.019 16 168.900
2-3/4 17.077 12 96.054 20 210.800
3 18.587 2-1/2x 2-1/2 22.144 3-1/2x 3-1/2 42.911
3-1/2 21.608 2-3/4 24.293 4 48.909
4 24.628 3 26.441 4-1/2 54.907
4-1/2 27.648 3-1/2 30.737 5 60.905
5 30.669 4 35.034 5-1/2 66.903
5-1/2 33.689 4-1/2 39.331 6 72.901
6 36.709 5 43.627 7 84.898
7 42.750 5-1/2 47.924 8 96.894
8 48.791 6 52.220 9 108.890
9 54.831 7 60.813 10 120.887
10 60.872 8 69.406 12 147.630
12 75.424 9 77.999 16 196.336
2 x 2 14.314 10 86.592 20 245.043
Note: Actual weight may vary because of oversize tolerance. Sizes not listed above can be cut from plate.
For Powdered Metal add 3% for weight.
alro.com 8-61
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Tool Steel Flats and Squares (DCF)
Size Weight Size Weight Size Weight
(inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot) (inches) (lbs./foot)
12 209.520
5-1/2x 5-1/2 106.761
6 116.252
8 154.218
10 192.184
Note: Actual weight may vary because of oversize tolerance. Sizes not listed above can be cut from plate.
For Powdered Metal add 3% for weight.
>1/4 to 5/16 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04
5/16 to 3/8 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04
3/8 to 7/16 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04
7/16 to 1/2 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04
1/2 to 5/8 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04
5/8 to 3/4 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04
3/4 to 1 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05
1 to 2 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10
2 to 3 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13
3 to 4 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.14
4 to 6 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
6 to 10 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24
10 to 12 0.29 0.29 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33
12 to 15 0.29 0.29 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35
Permissible variations in thickness for rectangular carbon, high strength, low alloy and alloy-steel plates, when
ordered to thickness.
Note1: Permissible variation under specificed thickness - 0.01"
Note2: Thickness to be measured at 3/8" to 3/4" from longitudinal edge.
Note3: For thickness measured at any location other than that specified in Note2, the permissible maximum over
tolerance shall be increased by 75%, rounded to the nearest 0.01".
Tool Steel
Alloys &
1/2 .727 3-1/4 30.099 10 280.423
9/16 .912 3-1/2 34.754 10-1/2 308.492
5/8 1.117 3-3/4 39.745 11 337.900
11/16 1.344 4 45.070 11-1/2 368.646
3/4 1.591 4-1/4 51.079 12 400.928
7/8 2.157 4-1/2 57.094 12-1/2 434.359
1 2.799 4-3/4 63.443 13 469.130
1-1/8 3.525 5 70.126 13-1/2 505.238
1-1/4 4.335 5-1/4 77.145 14 543.372
1-3/8 5.225 5-1/2 84.498 14-1/2 582.182
1-1/2 6.206 5-3/4 92.185 15 622.331
1-5/8 7.408 6 100.207 16 706.644
1-3/4 8.564 6-1/4 109.830 17 796.311
1-7/8 9.803 6-1/2 118.571 18 891.333
2 11.125 6-3/4 127.646 19 991.709
2-1/8 12.531 7 137.057 20 1097.440
2-1/4 14.021 7-1/4 149.891 22 1324.964
2-3/8 15.595 7-1/2 160.074 24 1573.907
2-1/2 17.252 7-3/4 170.592 26 1844.266
2-5/8 18.993 8 181.445 28 2136.044
DC53 rounds under 6-1/2" are hot rolled and oversized to finish at their normal size. Rounds Alro Steel Metals Guide
6-1/2" and over are rough turned and oversized to finish at their normal size. DC-53 is ordered to
metric sizes and the weight (lbs./ft.) may vary compared to the imperial measurements.
M2 rounds are available in on-size diameters and oversize diameters. M2 rounds are available in
3/8" to 6" diameters.
alro.com 8-63
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Thickness & Width Oversize Ranges
De-Carb Free Flats and Squares
Size Width - Based on Thickness
(inches) Thickness (inches) (inches)
Through 4" thick +.035 / +.077 oversize +.015 / +.035 oversize
Rough Milled 4" thru <5" +.062 / +.124 oversize +.062 / +.125 oversize
Tool Steel
Alloys &
Rough Milled 5" and over +.062 / +.124 oversize +.125 / +.250 oversize
The minimum allowances for machining and the maximum decarburization limits for rounds,
hexagons, octagons, and flats are given in the following tables.
Tool Steel
Specified Width (inches)
Alloys &
Over Over Over Over Over
Specified Thickness 0 to 1/2 1/2 to 1 1 to 2 2 to 3 3 to 4 4 to 5
(inches) incl. incl. incl. incl. incl. incl.
A .025 .025 .030 .035 .040 .045
0 to 1/2, incl.
B .025 .036 .044 .056 .068 .092
A --- .045 .045 .050 .055 .060
Over 1/2 to 1, incl.
B --- .045 .052 .064 .080 .104
A --- --- .065 .065 .070 .070
Over 1 to 2, incl.
B --- --- .065 .075 .084 .112
A --- --- --- .085 .085 .085
Over 2 to 3, incl.
B --- --- --- .085 .102 .120
A --- --- --- --- .115 .115
Over 3 to 4, incl.
B --- --- --- --- .115 .127
A --- --- --- --- --- .150
Over 4 to 5, incl.
B --- --- --- --- --- .150
A --- --- --- --- --- ---
Over 5 to 6, incl.
B --- --- --- --- --- ---
A --- --- --- --- --- ---
Over 6
B --- --- --- --- --- ---
alro.com 8-65
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Hot Rolled
Machining and Decarburization Allowances
Minimum Allowances Per Side for
Machining of Forged Squares and A
B
Flat Bars
Tool Steel