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PGTChemistry
PGTChemistry
2 States of Matter: Gases, liquids and solids, three states of matter, types of intermolecular
forces.
The laws governing ideal gas behaviour, Dalton's law of partial pressure, Kinetic molecular
theory of ideal gases, Maxwell Boltzmann distribution law on molecular motion, real gases
- deviation from ideal behaviour, vander Waals equation.
Liquid and their properties.
Solids: Classification of solids, fundamental types of lattices, two and three dimensional
lattice types, Simple crystal structures, Transformation of crystal structure on varying
temperature, Bragg's law, density in solids, energy band, band gaps, semiconductors,
magnetic and dielectric properties, stoichiometric and non- stoichiometric defects in solids.
6 Chemical Kinetics: Theories of reaction rates, rate of reaction , molecularity and order of
reaction, Fast reactions- Luminescence and energy transfer process, reaction
mechanisms(Simple and complex reactions).
7 Redox Reaction and Electrochemistry: Oxidation and reduction, redox reaction and its
application, oxidation number, Strong and weak electrolytes, activity coefficient,
conductance and conductivity, Kohlrausch law, resistance and resistivity molar conductivity,
equivalent conductivity, Qualitative and quantitative aspect of electrolysis. electrochemical
cell and electrolytic cell, Electrode and electrode potential and standard electrode potential,
Electrochemical series and its applications, Nernst equation and its application, Equilibrium
constant and EMF of the cell.
9 Chemical bonding and Molecular Structure: Valence electrons and Lewis structures,
Ionic bond, Covalent bond, Bond parameters ,Co-ordinate bond, polarity and dipole
moment, Quantitative idea of - valence bond theory, molecular orbital theory (LCAO),
Concept of hybridization involving s, p, d orbitals, Hydrogen bond, Resonance.
13. General principles and processes of isolation of elements and s - block elements:
Principles and methods of extraction, oxidation and reduction as applied to the extraction
procedures of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe.
s - block elements, general introduction - Electronic configuration, occurrence,
Anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship,
Trends in variation of the properties, reaction of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Preparation and properties and uses of some important compounds: - sodium carbonate,
sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium
carbonate, industrial uses of lime and lime stone, biological importance of sodium,
potassium, magnesium and calcium.
14. p - Block Elements: Electronic configuration, variation in physical and chemical properties
of groups 13 to 18, physical and chemical properties of borax, boric acid, boron hydride,
silicones, preparation and uses, preparation, properties and uses of nitrogen, ammonia,
nitric acid and oxides of nitrogen, phosphorus - allotropic forms, preparation and properties
of phosphine.phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus trichloride, preparation, properties and
uses of oxygen and ozone, hydrides and halides of 16 group elements, their structure and
nature.allotropic forms of sulphur- their preparation, preparation, properties and uses of sulphur
dioxide, industrial preparation of oxo-acids of sulphur, preparation and properties of
halogen and halogen acids, inter halogen compounds, pseudohalide ions. Oxo-acids of
halogens, their structure and nature, preparation, properties and uses of xenon fluorides,
oxides of xenon and xenon oxo fluorides.
15. The d - and f. Block Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration and
general trend in the properties of first row transition metals like metallic character,
ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, coloured ion formation, catalytic
properties, magnetic properties, oxides, halides and sulphides of first row transition metals,
complex compound formation etc. Preparation, properties and structures of KMn04 and
K2Cr2 07, lanthanoids and actinoids.
17. Organic Chemis try: Some Basic Principles and Techniques: General Classification of
organic compounds, Shapes of organic compounds-Hybridisation(sp, sp2,sp3), Structural
representation of organic molecules, Functional groups, Homologous, series. Common or
trivial names, nomenclature of aliphatic, aromatic and substituted aromatic compounds.
Isomerism : Structural and Stereo isomerism Fundamental Concepts in
Reaction Mechanism: Cleavage of covalent bond, Types of attacking species,
electron movement in organic reactions, electronic displacement in a covalent
bond and types of organic reactions.
Methods of purification of organic compounds: Qualitative analysis,
Quantitative analysis., estimation of the elements and determination of empirical and
molecular formula.
21. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: Classification, preparation, properties and uses, tests to
distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. Distinctions between alcohols
and phenols. Preparation of ethers , physical and chemical properties.
22. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids: Structure of carbonyl group, preparation of
aldehydes and ketones, physical , Chemical properties and uses, tests to distinguish
between aldehydes and ketones .Preparations of carboxylic acids preparation properties
and uses.
26. Chemistry in Everyday life: Drugs and medicines . designing a drug, drug
metabolism, classification of drugs, enzymes as drug targets, action of drug through drug
receptor interaction, types of drugs: Antipyretics. Analgesics. antiseptics, disinfectants.
tranquilizers, antimicrobials, antibiotics(Narrow spectrum and broad spectrum antibiotics),
antifertility drugs, antihistmmines, antacids. Chemicals in food, Food preseivatives.
artificial sweetening agents, Soaps and detergents, Preparation soaps(Saponification) and
detergents, cleansing action of soaps, advantages of detergents over soaps, OeodorantsEdible colours, antioxidants.
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