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‭INVENTORY MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SALES OF SARI‬

‭SARI STORE OWNERS IN BARANGAY TABACALERA, PATEROS‬

‭VIA DIVINA CELINA D. PARPAN‬


‭CHAPTER 1‬

‭THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND‬

‭Introduction‬

‭A‬ ‭huge‬ ‭part‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭budget‬ ‭of‬ ‭a‬ ‭small‬ ‭business,‬‭such‬‭as‬‭retail‬‭stores,‬
‭lies‬ ‭in‬ ‭its‬ ‭inventory.‬ ‭Inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭process‬ ‭of‬ ‭planning,‬
‭organizing,‬‭and‬‭controlling‬‭the‬‭flow‬‭of‬‭goods‬‭and‬‭materials‬‭in‬‭a‬‭business.‬‭It‬‭is‬
‭a‬‭crucial‬‭skill‬‭for‬‭any‬‭industry‬‭that‬‭deals‬‭with‬‭products,‬‭from‬‭manufacturing‬‭to‬
‭retail‬ ‭to‬ ‭e-commerce.‬ ‭However,‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭is‬ ‭not‬ ‭a‬ ‭static‬ ‭or‬
‭simple‬ ‭task.‬ ‭It‬ ‭is‬ ‭constantly‬ ‭evolving‬ ‭and‬ ‭facing‬ ‭new‬ ‭challenges‬ ‭due‬ ‭to‬
‭changes‬ ‭in‬ ‭customer‬ ‭demand,‬ ‭technology,‬ ‭competition,‬ ‭and‬ ‭environmental‬
‭factors.‬ ‭A‬ ‭major‬ ‭trend‬ ‭in‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭is‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭automation,‬
‭which‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭use‬ ‭of‬ ‭technology‬ ‭to‬ ‭automate‬ ‭or‬ ‭streamline‬ ‭the‬ ‭inventory‬
‭processes.‬ ‭Inventory‬ ‭automation‬ ‭helps‬ ‭to‬ ‭reduce‬ ‭human‬ ‭errors,‬ ‭save‬ ‭time‬
‭and‬ ‭labor,‬ ‭improve‬ ‭accuracy‬ ‭and‬ ‭efficiency,‬ ‭and‬ ‭enhance‬ ‭visibility‬ ‭and‬
‭control.‬ ‭AI‬ ‭and‬ ‭machine‬ ‭learning‬ ‭can‬ ‭be‬ ‭a‬ ‭powerful‬ ‭tool‬ ‭to‬ ‭forecast‬ ‭or‬
‭estimate‬ ‭product‬ ‭supply‬ ‭management.‬ ‭They‬ ‭can‬ ‭analyze‬ ‭vast‬ ‭amounts‬ ‭of‬
‭data,‬‭detect‬‭patterns‬‭and‬‭make‬‭accurate‬‭forecasts‬‭for‬‭future‬‭demand‬‭that‬‭will‬
‭help‬ ‭businesses‬ ‭optimize‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭levels,‬ ‭avoid‬ ‭"out-of-stock"‬ ‭and‬ ‭reduce‬
‭excess‬‭inventory.‬‭Stevens‬‭(2019)‬‭laid‬‭out‬‭in‬‭her‬‭article‬‭about‬‭the‬‭importance‬
‭of‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭that‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭tools‬ ‭such‬ ‭as‬
‭point-of-sale‬ ‭(POS)‬ ‭systems,‬ ‭bookkeeping‬ ‭systems,‬ ‭accounting‬ ‭systems,‬
‭and‬ ‭customer‬ ‭relationship‬ ‭management‬ ‭systems,‬ ‭can‬ ‭also‬ ‭be‬ ‭integrated‬ ‭to‬
‭aid the business in its day-to-day operations.‬

‭A‬ ‭growing‬ ‭challenge‬ ‭in‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭is‬ ‭inventory‬


‭sustainability,‬‭which‬‭is‬‭the‬‭impact‬‭of‬‭inventory‬‭on‬‭the‬‭environment‬‭and‬‭society.‬
‭Inventory‬ ‭sustainability‬ ‭affects‬ ‭their‬ ‭business‬ ‭reputation,‬ ‭customer‬ ‭loyalty,‬
‭regulatory‬ ‭compliance,‬ ‭and‬ ‭operational‬ ‭costs.‬ ‭Another‬‭emerging‬‭challenge‬‭in‬
‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭is‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭collaboration,‬ ‭which‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭coordination‬
‭and‬‭cooperation‬‭among‬‭the‬‭different‬‭parties‬‭involved‬‭in‬‭the‬‭inventory‬‭process.‬
‭Most‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭sari-sari‬ ‭stores‬ ‭face‬ ‭expired‬ ‭products‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭disposed‬ ‭of,‬ ‭stolen‬
‭items,‬ ‭or‬ ‭worst‬ ‭selling‬ ‭products‬ ‭which‬ ‭are‬ ‭out-of-date‬‭as‬‭problems‬‭which‬‭are‬
‭due‬ ‭to‬ ‭mismanagement‬ ‭in‬ ‭their‬ ‭system.‬ ‭Other‬ ‭considerations‬ ‭include‬
‭avoidance‬ ‭of‬ ‭overstocked‬ ‭goods‬ ‭and‬ ‭as‬ ‭well‬ ‭as‬ ‭shortage,‬‭hence,‬‭the‬‭task‬‭in‬
‭handling‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭is‬ ‭to‬ ‭balance‬ ‭the‬ ‭trade-off‬ ‭between‬ ‭the‬ ‭supply‬ ‭and‬ ‭the‬
‭demand.‬ ‭Sari-sari‬ ‭stores‬ ‭are‬ ‭part‬ ‭of‬ ‭small-type‬ ‭businesses,‬ ‭but‬ ‭there‬ ‭is‬ ‭an‬
‭indisputable‬‭fact‬‭that‬‭there‬‭should‬‭be‬‭a‬‭change‬‭to‬‭be‬‭made‬‭regarding‬‭how‬‭they‬
‭will‬‭be‬‭handling‬‭their‬‭operations.‬‭Inventory‬‭management‬‭being‬‭the‬‭lifeblood‬‭of‬
‭sari-sari stores, if mishandled, will lead to additional cost to an enterprise.‬
‭The‬‭overall‬‭objective‬‭of‬‭this‬‭study‬‭is‬‭to‬‭examine‬‭the‬‭impact‬‭of‬‭inventory‬
‭management‬ ‭on‬ ‭the‬ ‭sales‬ ‭of‬ ‭sari‬ ‭sari‬ ‭store‬ ‭owners‬ ‭at‬ ‭Barangay‬‭Tabacalera,‬
‭Pateros‬ ‭and‬ ‭to‬ ‭gain‬ ‭valuable‬ ‭insights‬ ‭and‬ ‭develop‬ ‭strategies‬ ‭to‬ ‭optimize‬
‭inventory‬ ‭practices,‬‭improve‬‭profitability,‬‭and‬‭ensure‬‭the‬‭long-term‬‭success‬‭of‬
‭these small retail businesses.‬
‭The‬‭possible‬‭contribution‬‭of‬‭this‬‭study‬‭to‬‭the‬‭field‬‭of‬‭Accountancy‬‭is‬‭to‬
‭gain‬ ‭an‬ ‭understanding‬ ‭on‬ ‭how‬ ‭the‬ ‭accounting‬ ‭students,‬ ‭accounting‬
‭professors,‬ ‭and‬ ‭accountants‬ ‭will‬ ‭gain‬ ‭valuable‬ ‭insights‬ ‭and‬ ‭practical‬
‭knowledge‬ ‭about‬ ‭the‬ ‭intricacies‬ ‭of‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭valuation,‬ ‭financial‬ ‭statement‬
‭accuracy‬ ‭and‬ ‭profitability‬ ‭analysis‬ ‭that‬ ‭they‬‭can‬‭apply‬‭in‬‭various‬‭accounting‬
‭roles.‬
‭Significance of the Study‬

‭This‬‭research‬‭would‬‭be‬‭important‬‭to‬‭determine‬‭the‬‭impact‬‭of‬‭inventory‬
‭management‬‭on‬‭the‬‭sales‬‭of‬‭sari‬‭sari‬‭store‬‭owners‬‭in‬‭Barangay‬‭Tabacalera,‬
‭Pateros. The findings of this research would be beneficial to the following:‬

‭Business‬ ‭owners‬‭.‬ ‭This‬ ‭study‬ ‭is‬ ‭made‬ ‭for‬ ‭business‬ ‭owners‬ ‭to‬ ‭better‬
‭understand‬ ‭the‬ ‭effects‬ ‭of‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭on‬ ‭their‬ ‭sales‬ ‭and‬ ‭overall‬
‭success of their business.‬
‭Consumers‬‭.‬‭This‬‭study‬‭will‬‭benefit‬‭the‬‭consumers‬‭by‬‭giving‬‭them‬‭the‬‭idea‬‭of‬
‭how‬‭inventory‬‭management‬‭affects‬‭their‬‭overall‬‭shopping‬‭experience‬‭and‬‭the‬
‭success of a business.‬
‭Accountancy‬ ‭Professors‬‭.‬ ‭This‬ ‭research‬ ‭shall‬ ‭inform‬ ‭the‬ ‭professors‬ ‭if‬‭and‬
‭why‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭impacts‬ ‭financial‬ ‭statements.‬ ‭By‬ ‭teaching‬
‭students‬ ‭about‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭context‬ ‭of‬ ‭sari-sari‬ ‭stores,‬
‭accounting‬‭professors‬‭help‬‭prepare‬‭them‬‭for‬‭future‬‭careers‬‭in‬‭accounting‬‭and‬
‭auditing,‬ ‭where‬ ‭they‬ ‭may‬ ‭encounter‬ ‭similar‬ ‭inventory‬ ‭management‬
‭challenges in various businesses.‬
‭Accountancy‬ ‭Students.‬ ‭Inventory‬‭management‬‭is‬‭a‬‭fundamental‬‭aspect‬‭of‬
‭accounting.‬ ‭This‬ ‭research‬ ‭is‬ ‭done‬ ‭to‬ ‭provide‬ ‭the‬ ‭students‬ ‭with‬‭a‬‭real-world‬
‭application‬ ‭of‬ ‭accounting‬ ‭principles.‬ ‭This‬ ‭study‬ ‭will‬ ‭prepare‬ ‭them‬ ‭for‬ ‭their‬
‭future‬ ‭careers‬ ‭in‬ ‭accounting‬ ‭and‬ ‭related‬ ‭fields,‬ ‭where‬ ‭they‬ ‭may‬ ‭encounter‬
‭diverse inventory management challenges.‬
‭Future‬ ‭Researchers‬‭.‬ ‭The‬ ‭findings‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭study‬ ‭will‬ ‭serve‬ ‭as‬ ‭a‬ ‭reference‬
‭material‬ ‭and‬ ‭a‬ ‭guide‬ ‭for‬ ‭future‬ ‭researchers‬ ‭who‬ ‭wish‬ ‭to‬ ‭conduct‬ ‭the‬ ‭same‬
‭experimental‬ ‭study,‬ ‭or‬ ‭any‬ ‭study‬ ‭related‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭impacts‬ ‭of‬ ‭inventory‬
‭management‬‭on‬‭the‬‭sales‬‭of‬‭sari‬‭sari‬‭store‬‭owners‬‭in‬‭Barangay‬‭Tabacalera,‬
‭Pateros.‬
‭Research Locale‬
‭This‬ ‭study‬ ‭will‬ ‭be‬ ‭conducted‬ ‭at‬ ‭Barangay‬ ‭Tabacalera,‬ ‭Pateros.‬
‭Tabacalera is one of the barangays of Pateros within the Metro Manila Area.‬
‭The‬ ‭Municipality‬ ‭of‬ ‭Pateros‬ ‭is‬ ‭First-class‬ ‭municipality‬ ‭in‬‭Metro‬‭Manila‬‭,‬
‭Philippines‬‭.‬ ‭This‬ ‭small‬ ‭town‬ ‭is‬ ‭famous‬ ‭for‬ ‭its‬ ‭duck-raising‬ ‭industry‬ ‭and‬
‭especially‬ ‭for‬ ‭producing‬ ‭balut‬‭,‬ ‭a‬ ‭Filipino‬ ‭delicacy‬ ‭that‬ ‭is‬ ‭boiled‬ ‭duck‬ ‭egg.‬
‭Pateros‬ ‭is‬ ‭bordered‬ ‭by‬ ‭Pasig‬ ‭City‬‭to‬‭the‬‭north,‬‭Makati‬‭City‬‭to‬‭the‬‭west,‬‭and‬
‭Taguig‬ ‭City‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭south.‬ ‭Pateros‬ ‭is‬ ‭the‬ ‭only‬ ‭municipality‬ ‭and‬ ‭the‬ ‭smallest,‬
‭both‬‭in‬‭population‬‭and‬‭in‬‭land‬‭area,‬‭in‬‭Metro‬‭Manila,‬‭but‬‭it‬‭is‬‭the‬‭second‬‭most‬
‭densely‬ ‭populated‬ ‭at‬ ‭around‬‭27‬‭thousand‬‭people‬‭per‬‭square‬‭kilometer‬‭after‬
‭Manila‬‭. This study only focuses on Barangay Tabacalera.‬

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