Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition Saladin Test Bank

Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology
1st Edition Saladin Test Bank

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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
Chapter 09
The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous
System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. (p. 296) The following are all major components of the brainstem except the __________.
A. diencephalon
B. pons
C. medulla oblongata
D. midbrain
E. cerebellum
Blooms Level: 1. Remember

HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the
major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region
HAPS Topic: Module H07 Division, origin, & function of component parts of the brain
Learning Outcome: 09.2a List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structure and
function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-1
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2. (p. 290) The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by
__________.
A. many sulci
B. many gyri
C. the brainstem
D. the longitudinal fissure
E. the corpus callosum

Learning Outcome: 09.1a Describe the major subdivisions and anatomical landmarks of the
brain
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
3. (p. 290) The cerebellum is __ to the cerebrum.

A. superficial
B. deep
C. caudal
D. rostral
E. medial

Learning Outcome: 09.1a Describe the major subdivisions and anatomical landmarks of the
brain
Learning Outcome: 09.2b Describe the structure and function of the cerebellum
Section: 09.01
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-2
4. (p. 293) The gray matter of the cerebrum forms a surface layer called the ________.
A. cortex
B. diencephalon
C. corpus callosum
D. midbrain
E. thalamus

HAPS Objective: H10.03 Contrast the relative position of gray matter and white matter in the
spinal cord with the corresponding arrangement of gray and white matter in the brain
Learning Outcome: 09.1b Describe the locations of the gray and white matter of the brain
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
5. (p. 292) From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in this order:
A. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid.
B. dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater.
C. pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid.
D. pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater.
E. arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater.

HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to
the brain and cranial bones
HAPS Topic: Module H08 Protective roles of the cranial bones, meninges, & cerebrospinal
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1c Name and describe the three meninges that enclose the brain
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
9-3
6. (p. 295) Cerebrospinal fluid serves these purposes except _________.

A. to regulate the chemical environment of the nervous tissue
B. to rinse metabolic wastes from the nervous tissue
C. to provide oxygen and nutrients to the nervous tissue
D. to protect the brain from striking the cranium when the head is jolted
E. to provide buoyancy to the brain so it does not rest heavily on the cranium floor

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details
of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate
reabsorption into the bloodstream
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1d Describe the system of chambers and channels in the brain and the
flow of cerebrospinal fluid through this system
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
7. (p. 295) Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by __________ into the ventricles and reabsorbed
by the _____________.
A. choroid plexuses; arachnoid granulations
B. arachnoid granulations; choroid plexuses
C. the pineal gland; brain capillaries
D. pituitary gland; arachnoid granulations
E. choroid plexuses; brain capillaries
Blooms Level: 2. Understand

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details
of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate
reabsorption into the bloodstream
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1d Describe the system of chambers and channels in the brain and the
flow of cerebrospinal fluid through this system
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
9-4
8. (p. 295) The blood brain barrier (BBB) consists of ________.

A. gap junctions between epithelial cells that form the capillary walls
B. tight junctions between epithelial cells that form the capillary walls
C. gap and tight junctions between astrocytes and epithelial cells that form the capillary walls
D. desmosomes and tight junctions between astrocytes and ependymal cells that form the
capillary walls
E. gap junctions between ependymal cells and endothelial cells that form the capillary walls

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood
brain barrier
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1e Describe the brain’s blood supply and the selective barrier between
the blood and brain tissue
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
9. (p. 296) The medulla oblongata is part of the ____________.

A. cerebellum
B. diencephalon
C. cerebrum
D. spinal cord
E. brainstem

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-5
10. (p. 298) The centers for controlling the heart rate, respiratory rhythm, swallowing, and
vomiting are found in the _________.
A. medulla oblongata
B. pons
C. midbrain
D. spinal cord
E. diencephalon

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain
function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
11. (p. 298) The ___ function(s) in visual attention, such as to look and follow the flight of a
butterfly.
A. inferior colliculi
B. superior colliculi
C. tegmentum
D. red nucleus
E. substantia nigra
Blooms Level: 3. Apply

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-6
12. (p. 298) Degeneration of neurons in the _______ inhibits unwanted body movements and
leads to the muscle tremors of Parkinson disease.
A. cerebral crus
B. tegmentum
C. pons
D. substantia nigra
E. inferior colliculi

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
13. (p. 296) The reticular formation is an organized core of ___ scattered throughout the
____.
A. nerves; white matter in the cerebrum
B. white matter; cerebellum
C. gray matter; brainstem
D. gray matter; cerebrum
E. neurosomas; hypothalamus

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-7
14. (p. 299) Loss of motor coordination, a sense of time, and difficulty differentiating
between similarly-sounding words would most likely be related to a lesion in the _______.
A. limbic system
B. pons
C. pituitary gland
D. medulla oblongata
E. cerebellum

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
15. (p. 299) The arbor vitae is a structure found in __________.

A. both the right and left cerebral hemispheres
B. the tegmentum in the midbrain
C. the cerebellum
D. the reticular formation
E. the diencephalon

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-8
16. (p. 298) The pons is not associated with _________.

A. heart rate
B. respiration
C. sleep
D. facial sensation
E. bladder control

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
17. (p. 299) The thalamus and hypothalamus are part of the ________.
A. diencephalon
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. spinal cord
E. basal nuclei

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-9
18. (p. 299) Nearly all the somatosensory input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in
the __________.
A. thalamus
B. hypothalamus
C. epithalamus
D. cerebellum
E. reticular formation

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
19. (p. 299) Sex drive, body temperature, and food and water intake are regulated by
the ________.
A. limbic system
B. thalamus
C. pineal gland
D. hypothalamus
E. pituitary gland

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-10
20. (p. 301) Planning, motivation, and social judgment are functions of the brain associated
with the ________.
A. frontal lobe
B. parietal lobe
C. occipital lobe
D. insula
E. temporal lobe

HAPS Objective: H07.04 Identify the five lobes of the cerebral cortex and describe how the
motor and sensory functions of the cerebrum are distributed among the lobes
Learning Outcome: 09.2d List the five lobes of the cerebrum, identify their anatomical
boundaries, and state their functions
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
21. (p. 301) The occipital lobe is _____________.

A. chiefly concerned with mood, memory, and emotions
B. the principal visual center of the brain
C. the primary site for receiving and interpreting signals from the general senses
D. concerned with voluntary motor functions
E. likely to play a role in understanding spoken language

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-11
22. (p. 301) Tracts of white matter that connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres can be
found in the __________.
A. cerebral cortex
B. thalamus
C. cerebellum
D. corpus callosum
E. brainstem

Learning Outcome: 09.2c Describe the locations of the gray matter and tracts of white matter
in the cerebrum
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
23. (p. 293) Most gray matter of the cerebrum is located in the ________.
A. reticular formation
B. cortex
C. limbic system
D. basal nuclei
E. substantia nigra

Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
9-12
24. (p. 302) The hippocampus and amygdala are structures found in the __________.
A. medulla oblongata
B. basal nuclei
C. limbic system
D. midbrain
E. cerebral cortex

HAPS Objective: H07.08 Describe the parts of the brain involved in storage of long term
memory and discuss possible mechanisms of memory consolidation
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
25. (p. 309) A predominance of ___ waves in an electroencephalogram (EEG) might indicate
that a person is awake, but resting.
A. alpha
B. beta
C. theta
D. delta
E. gamma

Learning Outcome: 09.3g Describe how electroencephalograms are recorded and why they
are clinically useful
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-13
26. (p. 309) The complete and persistent absence of __________ is used to determine brain
death.
A. thoughts
B. memories
C. brain waves
D. sensation
E. somatic reflexes

Learning Outcome: 09.3g Describe how electroencephalograms are recorded and why they
are clinically useful
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
27. (p. 304) The ________ areas are responsible for receiving sensory stimuli, and the
_______ areas are responsible for identifying the sensations.
A. sensory association; primary sensory
B. Wernicke; Broca
C. postcentral; precentral
D. primary sensory; sensory association
E. visual; auditory

Learning Outcome: 09.3a Identify the destinations of different types of sensory signals going
to the brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-14
28. (p. 304) Nerve impulses from the sense of hearing travel to the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and occipital lobe
B. Wernicke and Broca areas
C. postcentral and precentral gyri
D. superior temporal lobe and insula
E. inferior temporal lobe and amygdala

to the brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
29. (p. 304) Visual disturbances could be caused by a lesion of the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and inferior frontal lobe
C. occipital lobe

to the brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-15
30. (p. 304) Nerve impulses from the sense of smell travel to the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and inferior frontal lobe
C. postcentral and precentral gyri

to the brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
31. (p. 305) The mental processes of awareness, perception, thinking, knowledge, and
memory are collectively known as ____________.
A. motor ability
B. sensation
C. language
D. cognition
E. fight-or-flight

Learning Outcome: 09.3b Identify some of the conscious, thinking (cognitive) areas of the
brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-16
32. (p. 305) Seventy-five percent of our brain tissue is taken up by ___________________
areas.
A. cognitive association
B. primary sensory association
C. primary motor association
D. memory association
E. limbic system

Learning Outcome: 09.3b Identify some of the conscious, thinking (cognitive) areas of the
brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
33. (p. 305) The hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum are responsible for
______________, which is the process of creating new memories from sensory experiences.
A. recognition
B. memory consolidation
C. memory banking
D. remembering
E. total recall

Learning Outcome: 09.3c Identify areas of the brain involved in the creation of memories and
in memory storage and retrieval
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-17
34. (p. 305) The memories for habitual motor skills, like turing on your cell phone or
working a remote control, lie in the _____________ of the cerebrum.
A. corpus callosum
B. basal nuclei
C. prefrontal cortex
D. precentral gyrus
E. cortex

Learning Outcome: 09.3c Identify areas of the brain involved in the creation of memories and
in memory storage and retrieval
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
35. (p. 306) The ________ is the part of the brain where decisions about voluntary motor
activity are made.
A. postcentral gyrus
B. motor association area
C. amygdala
D. precentral gyrus
E. brainstem

Learning Outcome: 09.3d Describe how the brain controls the skeletal muscles
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-18
36. (p. 306) Once one decides to take take notes in class, the appropriate muscles must be
deployed. The plan for this deployment is relayed to the ________ before the nerve impulses
head down the brainstem.
A. precentral gyrus
B. postcentral gyrus
C. motor association area
D. lower motor neurons
E. parietal lobe

Learning Outcome: 09.3d Describe how the brain controls the skeletal muscles
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
37. (p. 308) Nonfluent aphasia, due to a lesion in the ___, results in the inability to command
the muscles to form chosen words.
A. primary motor area
B. thalamus
C. Broca area
D. Wernicke area
E. primary auditory area

Learning Outcome: 09.3e Describe the locations and functions of the language centers of the
brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-19
38. (p. 308) The left cerebral hemisphere is usually specialized for _______________.
A. language and math
B. imagination
C. insight
D. artistic skill
E. comparison of smells

HAPS Objective: H07.06 Discuss the concept of cerebral hemispheric specialization and the
role of the corpus callosum in connecting the two halves of the cerebrum
Learning Outcome: 09.3f Discuss the functional relationship between the right and left
cerebral hemispheres
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
39. (p. 308) Which of the following functions would most likely be controlled by the
representational hemisphere of the cerebrum?
A. Answering this question
B. Diagnosing a patient's disease
C. Balancing your checkbook
D. Giving a speech
E. Painting a picture

Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-20
40. After a stroke a patient complains about lack of sensitivity in her right hand. The stroke
most likely affected the ________.
A. precentral gyrus in the right frontal lobe
B. postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe
C. precentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe
D. postcentral gyrus in the right temporal lobe
E. postcentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe

to the brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
41. (p. 310) The ___ is not a motor cranial nerve.

A. trochlear nerve (IV)
B. abducens nerve (VI)
C. hypoglossal nerve (XII)
D. optic nerve (II)
E. accessory nerve (XI)

HAPS Objective: H09.02 Describe the specific functions of each of the cranial nerves and
classify each as sensory, motor or mixed
Learning Outcome: 09.4c State the functions of each cranial nerve
Section: 09.04
Topic: Brain
9-21
42. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that innervates the muscles for chewing as well providing
sensory innervation for the face is the ____________.
A. accessory nerve (XI)
B. facial nerve (VII)
C. trigeminal nerve (V)
D. hypoglossal nerve (XII)
E. abducens nerve (VI)

HAPS Topic: Module H09 Structure & function of cranial nerves
Section: 09.04
Topic: Cranial Nerves
43. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that is responsible for regulating heart rate, bronchial
airflow, and gastrointestinal secretion is the ______________.
A. hypoglossal nerve (XII)
B. accessory nerve (XI)
C. trochlear nerve (IV)
D. abducens nerve (VI)
E. vagus nerve (X)

Section: 09.04
True / False Questions
9-22
44. (p. 293) The cerebrum and cerebellum both have gray matter in their surface cortex and
white matter deep to the cortex.
TRUE

Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
45. (p. 299) The cerebellum exhibits folds called gyri separated by grooves called sulci.
FALSE

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
46. The epidural space is between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.
FALSE

HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to
the brain and cranial bones
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1c Name and describe the three meninges that enclose the brain
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
9-23
47. (p. 295) The blood-brain barrier (BBB) blocks all toxins and harmful agents from
reaching the brain, but allows all beneficial medications to reach the brain.
FALSE

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood
brain barrier
fluid
Learning Outcome: 09.1e Describe the brain’s blood supply and the selective barrier between
the blood and brain tissue
Section: 09.01
Topic: Brain
48. (p. 310) The optic nerve is also known as cranial nerve I.
FALSE

HAPS Objective: H09.01 List the cranial nerves by name and number
Learning Outcome: 09.4a List the 12 cranial nerves by name and number
Section: 09.04
49. (p. 299) The cerebellum is divided into hemispheres.

TRUE

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-24
50. (p. 300) The inability to walk a straight line or climb stairs may be a dysfunction of the
cerebellum.
TRUE

Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
51. (p. 296) The medulla oblongata is the most superior portion of the brainstem.
FALSE

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
52. (p. 299) According to many, the diencephalon is considered part of the brainstem.
TRUE

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
9-25
53. (p. 299) Structures in the midbrain control homeostasis and relay sensory signals to
specific regions of the cerebral cortex.
FALSE

function
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
54. (p. 302) The amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus are involved in feelings
of gratification and aversion.
TRUE

HAPS Objective: H07.07 Describe the location and functions of the limbic system
Learning Outcome: 09.2e Describe the limbic system and identify its major functions
Section: 09.02
Topic: Brain
55. (p. 307) The Wernicke area formulates the phrases we speak and transmits a plan of
speech to the Broca area.
TRUE

Learning Outcome: 09.3e Describe the locations and functions of the language centers of the
brain
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
9-26
56. (p. 301) The visual center of the brain is primarily in the temporal lobe.
FALSE

to the brain
Section: 09.02
Section: 09.03
Topic: Brain
57. (p. 310) The inability to move an eye and open an eyelid could be the result of damage to
the midbrain.
TRUE

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia
associated with the cranial nerves
Learning Outcome: 09.4b Identify where each cranial nerve originates and terminates
Section: 09.04
9-27
58. (p. 310) The origins of cranial nerve VIII can be found in both the pons and the medulla
oblongata.
TRUE

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia
associated with the cranial nerves
Learning Outcome: 09.4b Identify where each cranial nerve originates and terminates
Section: 09.04
Topic: Brain
59. (p. 313) The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial
to homeostasis.
FALSE

HAPS Objective: H13.06 Describe visceral reflex arcs, including structural and functional
details of sensory and motor (autonomic) components
HAPS Topic: Module H13 Functions of the autonomic nervous system
Learning Outcome: 09.5a Distinguish between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the
somatic motor nervous system
Section: 09.05
Topic: Autonomic Nervous System
9-28
60. (p. 313) The primary targets of the autonomic nervous system are the skeletal muscles.
FALSE

HAPS Objective: H13.01 Discuss the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system and the
general physiological roles of each
Section: 09.05
61. (p. 313) Most autonomic efferent pathways involve multiple neurons.
TRUE

HAPS Objective: H13.02 Contrast the anatomy of the parasympathetic and sympathetic
systems, including central nervous system outflow locations, ganglia locations, pre- and
postganglionic neuron relative lengths, and neurotransmitters
Section: 09.05
9-29
62. (p. 313) The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except _________.
A. the adrenal glands
B. the blood vessels
C. cardiac muscle
D. skeletal muscle
E. sweat glands

Section: 09.05
63. (p. 313) Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
_______.
A. changing the diameter of the pupil
B. adjusting heart rate and force
C. adjusting urination
D. adjusting bronchial diameter
E. maintaining the tension of the neck muscles

Learning Outcome: 09.5b Identify some visceral reflexes
Section: 09.05
9-30
64. (p. 313) Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A. Sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B. Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C. Sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D. Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E. Sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland

Section: 09.05
65. (p. 313) Consider the visceral reflex that increases bronchial diameter in the lungs. What
would happen if there was a malfunction in the integrating center of that reflex when
exercising?
A. Blood would not pump as quickly as needed.
B. Oxygen would not get into the blood as quickly as needed.
C. The body would function normally.
D. Urination would be uncontrollable.
E. The pupils would constrict.

Learning Outcome: 09.5c Discuss the relevance of visceral reflexes to homeostasis
Section: 09.05
9-31
66. (p. 313) In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called ____ in the walls of
arteries carrying blood to the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to ____ its beats
per minute.
A. baroreceptors; decrease
B. proprioceptors; decrease
C. baroreceptors; increase
D. proprioceptors; increase
E. chemoreceptors; increase

Section: 09.05
67. (p. 314) The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __
neurons.
A. no
B. one
C. two
D. three
E. four

Section: 09.05
9-32
68. (p. 313) Preganglionic fibers have their somas in the _____________.
A. posterior root ganglion
B. peripheral neurons
C. effectors
D. spinal cord or brain
E. sympathetic chain

Section: 09.05
69. (p. 317) Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway secrete ____.
A. norepinephrine (NE)
B. acetylcholine (ACh)
C. seratonin
D. dopamine
E. adrenaline

HAPS Objective: H13.07 Differentiate between cholinergic and adrenergic nerve fibers and
discuss the physiological interactions of transmitters released by these neurons with specific
cholinergic and adrenergic receptor subtypes
Learning Outcome: 09.5f Identify the two principal neurotransmitters used by the ANS and
where each of them is employed in the system
Section: 09.05
9-33
70. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that innervates the muscles for facial expression is called the
______ nerve and is cranial nerve ____.
A. facial; X
B. trigeminal; VII
C. facial; VI
D. abducens; VI
E. facial; VII

HAPS Objective: H09.01 List the cranial nerves by name and number
Learning Outcome: 09.4a List the 12 cranial nerves by name and number
Section: 09.04
71. (p. 315) Both divisions of the autonomic nervous system are normally active
simultaneously.
TRUE

Learning Outcome: 09.5d Name and compare two subdivisions of the ANS
Section: 09.05
9-34
72. (p. 315) The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.

TRUE

HAPS Objective: H13.03 Describe examples of specific effectors dually innervated by the two
branches of the autonomic nervous system and explain how each branch influences function
in a given effector
Section: 09.05
73. (p. 315) Pupils dilate in response to ____________ activity.

A. sympathetic
B. parasympathetic
C. somatic

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-35
74. (p. 314) Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
___________.
A. anger
B. digestion
C. competition
D. stress
E. arousal
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

Section: 09.05
75. Which of the following is associated with the "fight-or-flight" reaction?

A. Pupillary constriction
B. Glycogen synthesis
C. Increased gastric motility
D. Reduced urinary output
E. Reduced heart rate

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-36
76. (p. 314) Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root
ganglia.
FALSE

Section: 09.05
77. (p. 317) Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.
TRUE

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-37
78. (p. 317) Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in the ___________.
A. vagus nerve
B. trigeminal nerve
C. pelvic nerve
D. sacral plexus
E. sciatic nerve

Section: 09.05
79. (p. 315) Sympathetic fibers arise only from the ____ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
B. thoracic and lumbar
C. thoracic
D. cervical
E. lumbar

Section: 09.05
9-38
80. (p. 317) The pre- and postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system
synapse at the __________ ganglia.
A. chain
B. prevertebral
C. posterior root
D. terminal
E. basal

Section: 09.05
81. (p. 315) The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.

TRUE

HAPS Objective: H13.05 Contrast sympathetic innervation of the adrenal gland with
sympathetic innervation of other effectors
Learning Outcome: 09.5e Explain the relationship of the adrenal medulla and enteric nervous
system to the ANS
Section: 09.05
9-39
82. (p. 317) Preganglionic sympathetic fibers stimulate the adrenal medulla to secrete
_____________ and ___________.
A. acetylcholine; epinephrine
B. norepinephrine; acetylcholine
C. epinephrine; nicotine
D. epinephrine; norepinephrine
E. acetylcholine; nicotine

HAPS Objective: H14.03 Name the neurotransmitters released at synapses with effector
organs in the somatic and autonomic motor pathways and classify each effector response as
excitatory or inhibitory
HAPS Topic: Module H14 Comparisons of somatic & autonomic nervous systems
system to the ANS
Section: 09.05
83. (p. 317) The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter that
reaches it.
FALSE

Section: 09.05
9-40
84. (p. 317) Most sympathetic postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine.

TRUE

Section: 09.05
85. (p. 317) The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are) _________.
A. norepinephrine (NE)
B. acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE)
C. acetylcholine (ACh)
D. dopamine
E. dopamine and norepinephrine (NE)

Section: 09.05
9-41
86. (p. 317) A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ____ neuron, and releases the
neurotransmitter ____.
A. preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
B. postganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
C. preganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
D. postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. somatic; norepinephrine (NE)

system to the ANS
Section: 09.05
9-42
87. (p. 317) Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
TRUE

Section: 09.05
88. (p. 317) Acetylcholine (ACh) always has an excitatory effect.

FALSE

Section: 09.05
9-43
89. (p. 317) If a cell has -adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to ___________.

A. acetylcholine (ACh)
B. norepinephrine (NE)
C. muscarine
D. alpha adrenaline
E. nicotine

Section: 09.05
90. (p. 317) Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Nicotine
C. Muscarine
D. Norepinephrine

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-44
91. (p. 318) Muscarinic receptors bind __________.

A. epinephrine
B. norepinephrine
C. adrenaline
D. acetylcholine

Section: 09.05
92. (p. 318) All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except _________.
A. pupil diameter
B. heart rate
C. salivary gland activity
D. adrenal medulla activity
E. gastrointestinal motility

in a given effector
Learning Outcome: 09.5g Explain how the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions can
have cooperative or antagonistic effects on various organs
Section: 09.05
9-45
93. (p. 318) ___ is an example of the cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous
system divisions.
A. The composition of saliva
B. Bronchodilation
C. Gastrointestinal secretion
D. Heart rate
E. Vasomotor tone

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
94. (p. 318) The concept of ____________ refers to the fact that most organs receive input
from both divisions of the ANS.
A. double indemnity
B. dual innervation
C. ganglion innervation
D. receptor specificity
E. terminal innervation

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-46
95. (p. 318) The sympathetic division of the ANS causes pupil dilation. The parasympathetic
division causes pupil constriction. This relationship is known as an antagonistic effect.
TRUE

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
96. (p. 318) When the motor divisions of the ANS effect a target in ways that complement
each other or work together, it is called a(n) ____________ effect.
A. antagonistic
B. agonistic
C. cooperative
D. synergistic
E. muscarinic

in a given effector
Section: 09.05
9-47

Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition Saladin Test Bank

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1st Edition Saladin Test Bank

Multiple Choice Questions

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

3. (p. 290) The cerebellum is __ to the cerebrum.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

6. (p. 295) Cerebrospinal fluid serves these purposes except _________.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

8. (p. 295) The blood brain barrier (BBB) consists of ________.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

9. (p. 296) The medulla oblongata is part of the ____________.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

15. (p. 299) The arbor vitae is a structure found in __________.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

16. (p. 298) The pons is not associated with _________.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

21. (p. 301) The occipital lobe is _____________.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

41. (p. 310) The ___ is not a motor cranial nerve.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

True / False Questions

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

49. (p. 299) The cerebellum is divided into hemispheres.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Blooms Level: 1. Remember