Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition Saladin Test Bank
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 1st Edition Saladin Test Bank
Chapter 09
The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous
System
1. (p. 296) The following are all major components of the brainstem except the __________.
A. diencephalon
B. pons
C. medulla oblongata
D. midbrain
E. cerebellum
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
2. (p. 290) The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by
__________.
A. many sulci
B. many gyri
C. the brainstem
D. the longitudinal fissure
E. the corpus callosum
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
4. (p. 293) The gray matter of the cerebrum forms a surface layer called the ________.
A. cortex
B. diencephalon
C. corpus callosum
D. midbrain
E. thalamus
5. (p. 292) From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in this order:
A. dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid.
B. dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater.
C. pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid.
D. pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater.
E. arachnoid, pia mater, dura mater.
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
7. (p. 295) Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by __________ into the ventricles and reabsorbed
by the _____________.
A. choroid plexuses; arachnoid granulations
B. arachnoid granulations; choroid plexuses
C. the pineal gland; brain capillaries
D. pituitary gland; arachnoid granulations
E. choroid plexuses; brain capillaries
9-4
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
10. (p. 298) The centers for controlling the heart rate, respiratory rhythm, swallowing, and
vomiting are found in the _________.
A. medulla oblongata
B. pons
C. midbrain
D. spinal cord
E. diencephalon
11. (p. 298) The ___ function(s) in visual attention, such as to look and follow the flight of a
butterfly.
A. inferior colliculi
B. superior colliculi
C. tegmentum
D. red nucleus
E. substantia nigra
9-6
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
12. (p. 298) Degeneration of neurons in the _______ inhibits unwanted body movements and
leads to the muscle tremors of Parkinson disease.
A. cerebral crus
B. tegmentum
C. pons
D. substantia nigra
E. inferior colliculi
13. (p. 296) The reticular formation is an organized core of ___ scattered throughout the
____.
A. nerves; white matter in the cerebrum
B. white matter; cerebellum
C. gray matter; brainstem
D. gray matter; cerebrum
E. neurosomas; hypothalamus
9-7
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
14. (p. 299) Loss of motor coordination, a sense of time, and difficulty differentiating
between similarly-sounding words would most likely be related to a lesion in the _______.
A. limbic system
B. pons
C. pituitary gland
D. medulla oblongata
E. cerebellum
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
17. (p. 299) The thalamus and hypothalamus are part of the ________.
A. diencephalon
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. spinal cord
E. basal nuclei
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
18. (p. 299) Nearly all the somatosensory input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in
the __________.
A. thalamus
B. hypothalamus
C. epithalamus
D. cerebellum
E. reticular formation
19. (p. 299) Sex drive, body temperature, and food and water intake are regulated by
the ________.
A. limbic system
B. thalamus
C. pineal gland
D. hypothalamus
E. pituitary gland
9-10
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
20. (p. 301) Planning, motivation, and social judgment are functions of the brain associated
with the ________.
A. frontal lobe
B. parietal lobe
C. occipital lobe
D. insula
E. temporal lobe
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
22. (p. 301) Tracts of white matter that connect the left and right cerebral hemispheres can be
found in the __________.
A. cerebral cortex
B. thalamus
C. cerebellum
D. corpus callosum
E. brainstem
23. (p. 293) Most gray matter of the cerebrum is located in the ________.
A. reticular formation
B. cortex
C. limbic system
D. basal nuclei
E. substantia nigra
9-12
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
24. (p. 302) The hippocampus and amygdala are structures found in the __________.
A. medulla oblongata
B. basal nuclei
C. limbic system
D. midbrain
E. cerebral cortex
25. (p. 309) A predominance of ___ waves in an electroencephalogram (EEG) might indicate
that a person is awake, but resting.
A. alpha
B. beta
C. theta
D. delta
E. gamma
9-13
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
26. (p. 309) The complete and persistent absence of __________ is used to determine brain
death.
A. thoughts
B. memories
C. brain waves
D. sensation
E. somatic reflexes
27. (p. 304) The ________ areas are responsible for receiving sensory stimuli, and the
_______ areas are responsible for identifying the sensations.
A. sensory association; primary sensory
B. Wernicke; Broca
C. postcentral; precentral
D. primary sensory; sensory association
E. visual; auditory
9-14
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
28. (p. 304) Nerve impulses from the sense of hearing travel to the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and occipital lobe
B. Wernicke and Broca areas
C. postcentral and precentral gyri
D. superior temporal lobe and insula
E. inferior temporal lobe and amygdala
29. (p. 304) Visual disturbances could be caused by a lesion of the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and inferior frontal lobe
B. Wernicke and Broca areas
C. occipital lobe
D. superior temporal lobe and insula
E. inferior temporal lobe and amygdala
9-15
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
30. (p. 304) Nerve impulses from the sense of smell travel to the _________________.
A. medial temporal lobe and inferior frontal lobe
B. Wernicke and Broca areas
C. postcentral and precentral gyri
D. superior temporal lobe and insula
E. inferior temporal lobe and amygdala
31. (p. 305) The mental processes of awareness, perception, thinking, knowledge, and
memory are collectively known as ____________.
A. motor ability
B. sensation
C. language
D. cognition
E. fight-or-flight
9-16
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
32. (p. 305) Seventy-five percent of our brain tissue is taken up by ___________________
areas.
A. cognitive association
B. primary sensory association
C. primary motor association
D. memory association
E. limbic system
33. (p. 305) The hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum are responsible for
______________, which is the process of creating new memories from sensory experiences.
A. recognition
B. memory consolidation
C. memory banking
D. remembering
E. total recall
9-17
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
34. (p. 305) The memories for habitual motor skills, like turing on your cell phone or
working a remote control, lie in the _____________ of the cerebrum.
A. corpus callosum
B. basal nuclei
C. prefrontal cortex
D. precentral gyrus
E. cortex
35. (p. 306) The ________ is the part of the brain where decisions about voluntary motor
activity are made.
A. postcentral gyrus
B. motor association area
C. amygdala
D. precentral gyrus
E. brainstem
9-18
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
36. (p. 306) Once one decides to take take notes in class, the appropriate muscles must be
deployed. The plan for this deployment is relayed to the ________ before the nerve impulses
head down the brainstem.
A. precentral gyrus
B. postcentral gyrus
C. motor association area
D. lower motor neurons
E. parietal lobe
37. (p. 308) Nonfluent aphasia, due to a lesion in the ___, results in the inability to command
the muscles to form chosen words.
A. primary motor area
B. thalamus
C. Broca area
D. Wernicke area
E. primary auditory area
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
38. (p. 308) The left cerebral hemisphere is usually specialized for _______________.
A. language and math
B. imagination
C. insight
D. artistic skill
E. comparison of smells
39. (p. 308) Which of the following functions would most likely be controlled by the
representational hemisphere of the cerebrum?
A. Answering this question
B. Diagnosing a patient's disease
C. Balancing your checkbook
D. Giving a speech
E. Painting a picture
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
40. After a stroke a patient complains about lack of sensitivity in her right hand. The stroke
most likely affected the ________.
A. precentral gyrus in the right frontal lobe
B. postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe
C. precentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe
D. postcentral gyrus in the right temporal lobe
E. postcentral gyrus in the left frontal lobe
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
42. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that innervates the muscles for chewing as well providing
sensory innervation for the face is the ____________.
A. accessory nerve (XI)
B. facial nerve (VII)
C. trigeminal nerve (V)
D. hypoglossal nerve (XII)
E. abducens nerve (VI)
43. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that is responsible for regulating heart rate, bronchial
airflow, and gastrointestinal secretion is the ______________.
A. hypoglossal nerve (XII)
B. accessory nerve (XI)
C. trochlear nerve (IV)
D. abducens nerve (VI)
E. vagus nerve (X)
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
44. (p. 293) The cerebrum and cerebellum both have gray matter in their surface cortex and
white matter deep to the cortex.
TRUE
45. (p. 299) The cerebellum exhibits folds called gyri separated by grooves called sulci.
FALSE
46. The epidural space is between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater.
FALSE
9-23
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
47. (p. 295) The blood-brain barrier (BBB) blocks all toxins and harmful agents from
reaching the brain, but allows all beneficial medications to reach the brain.
FALSE
48. (p. 310) The optic nerve is also known as cranial nerve I.
FALSE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
50. (p. 300) The inability to walk a straight line or climb stairs may be a dysfunction of the
cerebellum.
TRUE
51. (p. 296) The medulla oblongata is the most superior portion of the brainstem.
FALSE
52. (p. 299) According to many, the diencephalon is considered part of the brainstem.
TRUE
9-25
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
53. (p. 299) Structures in the midbrain control homeostasis and relay sensory signals to
specific regions of the cerebral cortex.
FALSE
54. (p. 302) The amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus are involved in feelings
of gratification and aversion.
TRUE
55. (p. 307) The Wernicke area formulates the phrases we speak and transmits a plan of
speech to the Broca area.
TRUE
9-26
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
56. (p. 301) The visual center of the brain is primarily in the temporal lobe.
FALSE
57. (p. 310) The inability to move an eye and open an eyelid could be the result of damage to
the midbrain.
TRUE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
58. (p. 310) The origins of cranial nerve VIII can be found in both the pons and the medulla
oblongata.
TRUE
59. (p. 313) The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial
to homeostasis.
FALSE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
60. (p. 313) The primary targets of the autonomic nervous system are the skeletal muscles.
FALSE
61. (p. 313) Most autonomic efferent pathways involve multiple neurons.
TRUE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
62. (p. 313) The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except _________.
A. the adrenal glands
B. the blood vessels
C. cardiac muscle
D. skeletal muscle
E. sweat glands
63. (p. 313) Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
_______.
A. changing the diameter of the pupil
B. adjusting heart rate and force
C. adjusting urination
D. adjusting bronchial diameter
E. maintaining the tension of the neck muscles
9-30
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
64. (p. 313) Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A. Sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B. Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C. Sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D. Sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E. Sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland
65. (p. 313) Consider the visceral reflex that increases bronchial diameter in the lungs. What
would happen if there was a malfunction in the integrating center of that reflex when
exercising?
A. Blood would not pump as quickly as needed.
B. Oxygen would not get into the blood as quickly as needed.
C. The body would function normally.
D. Urination would be uncontrollable.
E. The pupils would constrict.
9-31
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
66. (p. 313) In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called ____ in the walls of
arteries carrying blood to the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to ____ its beats
per minute.
A. baroreceptors; decrease
B. proprioceptors; decrease
C. baroreceptors; increase
D. proprioceptors; increase
E. chemoreceptors; increase
67. (p. 314) The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __
neurons.
A. no
B. one
C. two
D. three
E. four
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
68. (p. 313) Preganglionic fibers have their somas in the _____________.
A. posterior root ganglion
B. peripheral neurons
C. effectors
D. spinal cord or brain
E. sympathetic chain
69. (p. 317) Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway secrete ____.
A. norepinephrine (NE)
B. acetylcholine (ACh)
C. seratonin
D. dopamine
E. adrenaline
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
70. (p. 310) The cranial nerve that innervates the muscles for facial expression is called the
______ nerve and is cranial nerve ____.
A. facial; X
B. trigeminal; VII
C. facial; VI
D. abducens; VI
E. facial; VII
71. (p. 315) Both divisions of the autonomic nervous system are normally active
simultaneously.
TRUE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
74. (p. 314) Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
___________.
A. anger
B. digestion
C. competition
D. stress
E. arousal
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
76. (p. 314) Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root
ganglia.
FALSE
77. (p. 317) Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.
TRUE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
78. (p. 317) Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in the ___________.
A. vagus nerve
B. trigeminal nerve
C. pelvic nerve
D. sacral plexus
E. sciatic nerve
79. (p. 315) Sympathetic fibers arise only from the ____ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
B. thoracic and lumbar
C. thoracic
D. cervical
E. lumbar
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
80. (p. 317) The pre- and postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system
synapse at the __________ ganglia.
A. chain
B. prevertebral
C. posterior root
D. terminal
E. basal
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
82. (p. 317) Preganglionic sympathetic fibers stimulate the adrenal medulla to secrete
_____________ and ___________.
A. acetylcholine; epinephrine
B. norepinephrine; acetylcholine
C. epinephrine; nicotine
D. epinephrine; norepinephrine
E. acetylcholine; nicotine
83. (p. 317) The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter that
reaches it.
FALSE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
85. (p. 317) The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are) _________.
A. norepinephrine (NE)
B. acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE)
C. acetylcholine (ACh)
D. dopamine
E. dopamine and norepinephrine (NE)
9-41
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
86. (p. 317) A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ____ neuron, and releases the
neurotransmitter ____.
A. preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
B. postganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
C. preganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
D. postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. somatic; norepinephrine (NE)
9-42
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
87. (p. 317) Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
TRUE
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
90. (p. 317) Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Nicotine
C. Muscarine
D. Norepinephrine
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
92. (p. 318) All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except _________.
A. pupil diameter
B. heart rate
C. salivary gland activity
D. adrenal medulla activity
E. gastrointestinal motility
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
93. (p. 318) ___ is an example of the cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous
system divisions.
A. The composition of saliva
B. Bronchodilation
C. Gastrointestinal secretion
D. Heart rate
E. Vasomotor tone
94. (p. 318) The concept of ____________ refers to the fact that most organs receive input
from both divisions of the ANS.
A. double indemnity
B. dual innervation
C. ganglion innervation
D. receptor specificity
E. terminal innervation
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Chapter 09 - The Nervous System II-The Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
95. (p. 318) The sympathetic division of the ANS causes pupil dilation. The parasympathetic
division causes pupil constriction. This relationship is known as an antagonistic effect.
TRUE
96. (p. 318) When the motor divisions of the ANS effect a target in ways that complement
each other or work together, it is called a(n) ____________ effect.
A. antagonistic
B. agonistic
C. cooperative
D. synergistic
E. muscarinic
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