SULTAN ABDUL HALIM MU’ADZAM SHAH POLYTECHNIC

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

DIPLOMA IN QUANTITY SURVEYING
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 2 (DCQ 20093)
ASSIGNMENT 2 (SESSION 2022/2023)

DOOR AND WINDOW

No Name Registration No

1 NURUL FATIHAH BINTI MD OSMAN 03DUB21F2006

2 NUR IMAN NAJIHA BINTI RIDUAN 03DUB21F2008
3 SHARIFAH NOOR FAZREEN ELVENA 03DUB21F2011
BINTI SYED MOHAMMAD FAUZIE
4 NUR BATRISYIA BINTI MOHD IZHAR 03DUB21F2013

Lecturer W MOHD SHAHRIL BIN WAN MOHAMAD

SAFERDIN
Section DUB 2A
Table of content

1. Pre-assessment......................................................................................
2. Location Background ...........................................................................
3. Address .................................................................................................
4. Floor Plan .............................................................................................
5. Introduction ..........................................................................................
6. Types of doors and window .................................................................
7. Function of door and window ..............................................................
8. Suitability of door and window ............................................................
9. Advantage and disadvantage ................................................................
10. Conclusion ...........................................................................................
11. References............................................................................................
Pre Assessment
We conducted a survey of double-story terraced homes on October 22, 2022.
This survey's objective is to categorise the ways that windows and doors are used in this home.
The main goals of this assessment are to determine whether the windows and doors in this home
are appropriate for use given the climate in Malaysia and to provide suggestions for changes.

Location

Picture 1
Picture 2

Picture 3
 Picture 4

Address
193, Lorong Rambai 4, Taman Rambai 2, 09000 Kulim Kedah.
Floor Plan

Picture 5

Introduction
A door is a mobile barrier that is fixed in a doorway through a building wall or partition to allow
access to a building's interior or specific interior rooms. Doorframes, the members of which are
situated at the sides and top of the opening or entryway, hold a door in place. Sills at the bottom
of entrances may or may not be present. A window is described as an opening in a building's
wall that serves one or more purposes, such as providing natural light, air, and visibility.
The central objective in a residential building, windows and doors serve a variety of purposes,
including protecting openings from the elements, adding ornamentation, highlighting the overall
design, supplying light and air, and enhancing visibility.
Types of doors and window
Door
1) Safety Door
 A security door strengthens the protection of your house or place of business
against forced entry and burglary by having a sturdier frame construction and
multiple vault-style locks. Safety doors undergo rigorous testing and outperform
the majority of industry requirements. Safety Doors have heavy-duty hinges, vault-
style bolt mortise locks, and high-quality construction.
 2) Sliding Glass Door
 The sliders are parallel to the wall in the sliding configuration. In other words, you
don't need room to open the door inside or outside. Compared to swinging patio
doors, sliding glass doors have a bigger screen door and narrower frames.

3) Steel Door
 Steel doors are not made of solid steel. A steel skin is placed on top of a
polyurethane or polystyrene core in steel doors. A door made of solid steel would
be too heavy and probably break the hinges out.

4) Pvc Door
 PVC, or polyvinyl chloride, is a great material option for your bathroom's doors.
These contemporary doors manufactured by humans enable you work less and
invest more. PVC doors mimic painted wooden doors without the upkeep that
comes with the absorbent, all-natural wood fibres.

Window
1) Naco Window
 Louver windows have horizontal slats that are slanted to let in light and air while
blocking rain and harsh sunlight. Slats' angles can be fixed or adjustable, as is
typically the case with blinds and windows.
 2) Sliding Window
 A window that opens by sliding horizontally along a top and bottom track in the
window frame is referred to as a sliding window. It resembles a double-hung
window in several ways, just upside down. Depending on what would work best
for your home, sliding windows come in a variety of configurations.

Functions of the door and window

Door
1) Safety Door

 Increased Level of Security and Protection

- Installing security mesh windows and doors is a good approach to keep burglars and
thieves out of your house. It is recommended to select a security mesh system comprised
of high-tensile stainless steel wire mesh. It is trademarked and woven into a thin mesh
that creates a strong barrier that can fend off any attempts to breach it.

2) Sliding Glass Door

 Flexibility
- Installations of sliding doors are effective in both internal doorways and doors leading
outside. Quality sliders made nowadays have a hook-over locking mechanism to increase
home security by preventing potential burglars from removing the sliding panel from its
frame.

3) Steel Door

 Providing Security From Unauthorized Access

- Wooden doors are significantly easier to manipulate or dismantle than steel doors,
allowing no one to enter the building without permission. Steel doors are frequently
bulletproof and chemical resistant, in contrast to wooden and fibreglass doors, which are
not.

4) PVC Door

 Lightweight & Waterproof

- The reason why PVC doors are so easy to install is that they are lightweight
and 100% waterproof.
Window

1) Naco Window

 Ventilation and privacy.

- Window placement above the level of the head produces sightlines that are
vertically inclined. This implies that your ceiling is the only object that
neighbours and bystanders can see through the window! With this privacy,
there is no longer a need for blinds or curtains on windows that are high up,
and airflow may be maximised while privacy is maintained.

2) Sliding Window

 Unobstructed Panoramic Views

- Undoubtedly one of its best qualities, they offer a breathtaking, unhindered view of the
outside. A vast perspective of the outside is provided by the wide form. The large glass
windows, which lack grilles, offer a great view of the outside.

 Proper Ventilation and Daylight Management

- They might allow a lot of natural light to enter. It is larger the more natural light that
enters through them. Thus, they can improve the overall lighting in a space and reduce
the need for artificial lighting, especially during the day. Due to their design, they not
only allow for the best possible air circulation and the entry of natural light, but also
allow inhabitants to breathe in enough fresh air and Vitamin D.

Suitability of door and window

The material in each door

 Wood
 Glass
 Stainless Steel
 PVC

1) Wood
Both interior and exterior doors can be made out of wood. This is ideal for homeowners
who want to maintain consistency between their external and inside decor. Wooden
interior doors have a premium feel while wooden exterior doors offer strength and
security. Their finish may be changed whichever you choose, and with proper care, they
will endure longer than the majority of other types of doors.

2) Glass
 - Maximizing glass and fusing indoor and outdoor experiences have come under more
attention, making the choice of sliding doors one of the most crucial architectural
considerations.

3) Stainless Steel
- Because it comes in a greater variety of goods, shapes, and finishes than any other
stainless steel, stainless is the most useful and commonly used stainless steel. It has been
demonstrated to be the most effective material for Malaysia's high moisture and humid
climate. Your time spent maintaining doors will be substantially reduced if you choose
stainless steel. This material performs well in a variety of atmospheric conditions and
with numerous corrosive media. Subject to stress corrosion cracking at around 60°C as
well as pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride conditions.

4) PVC
- The panel is made from raw PVC and a mixture of fillers, impact modifiers, heat
stabilizers, and thermal modifiers. PVC doors are durable and can last a long time if they
are installed and treated properly. A PVC sheet is coated with a thin plastic film, making
it chemically resistant to acids, bases, and salts, unlike wood and metal. Therefore, it
poses no threat of rotting, rusting, or fading in humid environments like restrooms.

Window

The material in each window

 Glass louvers
 Aluminum

1) Glass louvers
- The main purpose of louvers is to let air flow freely into your home. This makes them
especially ideal for warmer climates. Of course, they also seal tightly to keep the wind
out when you need to keep your home draught-free.

2) Aluminum
- Aluminum does not sacrifice its strength and durability even if it is lighter than other
materials. Aluminium makes a great window frame because of its high strength-to-weight
ratio, which makes it simple to hold together large glass panes and add security elements.
Advantage & disadvantage of door and window
Advantage
1) Safety Door

 Feeling safe and secure in your own space

- One of the main advantages is feeling secure even when you're alone. Security doors
provide you entire control over the locking system and the entry of anyone outside
yourself, allowing you to relax in your own space. Even security doors with ventilation
breaks can withstand ballistics and crowbar manipulation, according to modern
regulations. Additionally, they are wind and water resistant to a certain extent, protecting
you from harm to your home or structure.
Disadvantage
 Installing a Security Door Isn't a DIY Task
- An incorrectly fitted security door may develop problems. If you want your door to
function well under pressure, you should use a professional with experience installing
security doors.

2) Sliding Glass Door

 Space Maximization
- Similar to mirrors, sliding glass doors can produce an optical illusion that makes a room
appear larger than it actually is. Sliding doors also help you conserve space in your
house. You don't need to create room around the entryway for them to open since they
glide one over the other on a track rather than swinging out like hinged doors do.

 Light
- Sliding doors' huge glass panes provide a lot of natural light into the house during the
day. You might not even need to turn on any lights in the house throughout the day
thanks to the panes that extend from the floor to the top of the door panel! By doing this,
you may make your house an energy-efficient space and lower your power expenses on a
regular basis. The natural illumination also enhances the ambiance and appeal of your
property.
Disadvantages
 Have Security Flaws
- There are security issues with sliding glass doors. First of all, because they are typically
in the backyard or out of sight, burglars have plenty of time to look into your home
without being noticed by neighbours. If a burglar decides they want inside, they might
only need to jiggle or smash the door to get in. Many simple sliding glass doors just have
a single lock that can be opened by jiggling the door; nevertheless, even if this doesn't
work, the burglar may still be able to move the door.

 Get Dirty Fast

-Sliding glass door requires a lot of cleaning. First, you have to worry about keeping the
glass clean, and if you have kids or pets, that may mean cleaning the glass every day to
remove nose marks and fingerprints. The track on which the door travels can also get
dirty, especially since it is frequently exposed to the outside.

3) Stainless Steel Door

 Easy to Maintain
- Steel doors are among the simpler to maintain door kinds. Every door requires routine
maintenance, which you can perform once a month by surveying your property's exterior
and checking your home's doors and doorframes. Because they don't decay or warp like
wood doors, steel entry doors are simple to maintain. For instance, since temperature
variations have permanently altered some of them, they don't need to be repaired.

 Durable
- A steel door is a great choice because it will last for many years. Additionally, steel is
among the strongest substances on earth, considerably outperforming wood in strength.
Wood that is exposed to temperature variations often warps when the weather changes or
when it becomes wet.
Disadvantage
 Denting and Rusting
- Steel doors cannot deform, but they can be dented if they are struck by something. If the
paint on the door is chipped off at the dent, the metal will be exposed to the air's moisture
and may rust.
 4) PVC Door

 Water Resistant
- PVC doors are resistant to dampness and do not warp or fade with time. Bathrooms are
frequently humid areas, so they fit wonderfully there—especially if they lack ventilation
like an exhaust fan. Due to the moisture in the bathroom, PVC doors also don't typically
decay. Despite not being quite as strong as steel, PVC doors are very water-resistant.
Disadvantage
 Structural Integrity
- Despite their toughness, uPVC windows and doors are more prone to drooping and
sashing than aluminium windows because of their lightweight construction and structural
weakness. Even the rupture of their frames might happen when temperatures are too high.

Conclusion
Our group was able to examine and categorise the many types of windows and doors for this
double-story home at No. 193, Lorong Rambai 4, Taman Rambai 2, 09000 Kulim, Kedah, thanks
to this task. In this task, we have applied the knowledge we gained in construction technology.
We know that different building types have various kinds of windows and doors. The design of
the space, as well as the preferences of the contractor and designer, influence the choice of doors
and windows. Different door and window types serve different purposes and each has benefits
and drawbacks.

References
https://sites.google.com/site/upvcdoorsss/functions-of-the-sliding-doors
https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/basic-civil-engineering/9788131729885/xhtml/
chapter017.xhtml
https://mccoymart.com/post/sliding-windows-and-doors-advantages-disadvantages/
http://skw-it.com/2018/09/04/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-glass-doors/