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ENGLISH
Quarter 2 – Module 6

BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS
THROUGH ANALOGIES

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 What I Need to Know

You were taught in your previous lesson that analogy is a powerful tool which
challenges and encourages you to think critically. It is a strong rhetorical device used
to make rational argument and support ideas by showing connections and
comparisons between dissimilar things which highlight how they are like.
You learned that there are seven types of analogy. These are: synonyms,
antonyms, part to whole, cause and effect, person to situation, geography or location
and time. These analogies help you familiarize with concepts that are abstract. This
lesson will guide you to visualize these concepts. Understanding analogies is
essential in reasoning, learning, communicating and problem solving which will
contribute a profound and broad effect on you on how you view and understand the
world.

After reading this module, you should be able to use analogy to describe or
make a point, specifically, you should be able to:
1. pick out pair of words that show analogy;
2. identify the point of comparison between words;
3. write sentences using analogies to describe or make a point;

In going through the module, you have to extend your patience in

understanding what you are reading. Follow the directions and/or instructions in the
activities. Answer the entire given test and exercises carefully. Comply the required
activities provided.

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 What I Know

A. Making Connections. Choose the word from the box that you think makes a good
analogy with the given pictures. Number 1 is done for you.

*sky *torch

*woman *Bible *rainbow

*monster truck *detectives

1. : monster truck 2. : ___________

3. 4.
: ___________ : ___________

e.

5. 6.
: ___________
: ___________

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B. Written Defence. Using your answers in activity A, fill in the blanks to complete the
analogy statement and the reasons why you consider them related. Number 1 is
done for you.

1. Tiger is like a monster truck because _____________________.

2. _____________ is like a ____________ because _____________________.

3. _____________ is like a ____________ because _____________________.

4. _____________ are like ____________ because _____________________.

5. _____________ is like a ____________ because _____________________.

6. _____________ is like a ____________ because _____________________.

C. Point of Comparison. Read the lines from the poem entitled “Soothing as Night
Winds Are” by Salvador B. Espinas and answer the questions that follow.

Love is music
Soothing as night winds are

1. What object is being compared to love? __________

2. In what way are they the same? Both are _________________________

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Lesson

1 Analogies in Comparison

What’s In

Before we will proceed to our lesson, let’s play 4 pics 1 word. These words
are taken from the reading activity in Module 5.

4 pics 1 word is a word guessing game. It presents you with 4 pictures for you
to guess what specific word fits with the theme of the photos presented. The answer
of the two words is an analogy. Number 1 is done for you.

1.

Sun heat

Sun: heat
The type of relationship is Synonym

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2.

____________ ____________
__________:__________
The type of relationship is ______________

3.

____________ ____________
_________:__________
The type of relationship is ______________

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 What’s New

The game you just played showed relationship of ideas. In this lesson, you will
use analogies to describe or make a point. The comparison does not only show
relationship but also the explanation why the words or objects are related.

In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors and other health workers are
the front liners in treating affected persons. Study the picture below and analyze the
statements that follow.

1. The doctors are like heroes who save lives by sacrificing their own.

2. CoVID 19 patients lie awake as if preys unwillingly waiting for their predators.

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 What Is It

The sentences show analogy to describe or further explain something.

In sentence 1, doctors are compared to heroes because like heroes, they
gave their lives to others. An example of a hero is our national hero, Dr. Jose P.
Rizal. He died for the Filipinos to be freed from the rule of the Spaniards; in the same
way that doctors died to save the lives of the CoVID-19 patients.

In sentence number 2, patients are compared to preys. Like preys they are
victims of predator. An example of this is a frog as prey, helplessly eaten by its
predator, the snake. The CoVID-19 patients are likewise helpless from CoVID-19
since no vaccine is developed yet to heal the disease.

More Examples:
Now, let’s have another example to further understand how to use analogy to
describe or make a point.
Study another picture and analyse the statements that follow.

1. The streets, cemetery of stillness, can be inhabited by ghosts.

In this statement, the streets are compared to a cemetery which is believed to

be inhabited by ghosts because of its silence.

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2. The pandemic healed nature in the same way that a mother soothes our pains.

In this statement, the pandemic is compared to a mother because like

mothers the pandemic renewed the nature’s devastated condition.

And here’s more…

This time, let’s make use of the lines from the poem entitled “First a Poem
Must be Magical” by Jose Garcia Villa to identify the point of comparison between
lines.

First, a poem must be magical,

Then musical as a sea-gull.

In the first line, the poem is like magic because, it can make a reader wonder.
In the second line, the poem is musical as a sea-gull because like the sound of a
sea-gull, it has rhythm and rhyme.

It must be slender as a bell,

And it must hold fire as well.

The first line shows that the poem is like a bell because like a bell, poem must
be balanced, not exaggerated and at the same time not dull. The second line tells
that the poem is like a fire because it has the ability to light those who read it and
boost their spirit.

It must have the wisdom of bows

And must kneel like a rose.

The first line tells us that the poem has the wisdom of bows because like
bows, it directs the arrow to its mark. Just like a good poem, it never goes astray.
The second line, the poem kneels like a rose because the rose symbolizes humility.
A poem should also be humble and beautiful as it is.

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Activity 1: COMMON SENSE

Now, try this:

A. Pair the words which can be compared to each other, then give the point of
comparison. Copy the box below and write your answers in it. Number 1 is done for
you.

1. friend a. chair

2. neighbor b. teddy bear

3. classmate c. lamp

4. stranger d. cushion

5. teacher e. mask

Pair of words Description of similarity

1. friend : teddy source of comfort

______________________________

2. __________: ___________ ______________________________

______________________________

3. __________: ___________ ______________________________

______________________________

4. __________: ___________ ______________________________

______________________________

5. __________: ___________ ______________________________

______________________________

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B. Read the poem and identify the creature which is compared to the sea. The word
is not stated in the poem but the creature’s different characteristics or abilities are
each given in every stanza.

The Sea
by Natividad Marquez

Why does the sea laugh, Mother,

As it glints beneath the sun?
It is thinking of the joys, my child,
That it wishes every one.

Why does the sea sob so, Mother,

As it breaks on the rocky shore?
It recalls the sorrows of the world.
And weeps forevermore.

Why is the sea so peaceful, Mother,

As if it were fast asleep?
It would give our tired hearts, dearest child,
The comfort of the deep.

Pair of words Description of

similarity

1. sea: ______ 1. __________

2. __________
3. __________

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is What’s More

Let’s try some more.

Activity 2: ON THE NEWS
Directions: You can create analogies in whatever situation you are in like in
the news report below.

B R E A K I N G N E W S!
2 Cops Amaze Netizens After Performing Good Deeds

Two policemen amazed the online community after performing good deeds
showing an act of kindness towards an elderly woman during their duty.

The police officers are public servants enforcing the law implementing
Questions:
peace and order in the country for the good of everybody.
1. To what object can you compare the good police officers? In what way are they
Policemen are tasked to protect and secure the safety of the public from
the same?
come and civil disorder.
2. To what object can you compare the word ‘video’? In what way are they the same?
In the video, it can be seen that the cops were assisting the elderly woman
to cross a busy street, which is dangerous for her age.
Sample answer.
Source: philnews.ph/2018/10/19/2-policemen-amaze-netizens-after-performing-good-deeds

1. The police officers protect the citizens as a hen covers her chicks from
harm.

2. A video opens our eyes to the many views beyond our eye sight could
reach, truly a window of panoramic view.

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Activity 3: PICK THE WORDS
Directions: Read and understand the poem then find an analogy in the
second stanza and explain its point of comparison.

Mang Teban and the Weather

by Josue Rem Siat

One April noon when all was bright

And clear and dazzling to the sight Answer for stanza 1:
Beside the road Mang Teban stood
heat waves: devils
Wiping his face in sullen mood.
heat waves are compared to devils
He saw the heat waves in the glare
on a stage of fire. Heat waves are
As devils on to stage a fire what you see.
And chafed in the sultry air
And wished for rainy days.

Then (when salt sold at treble price)

And muddy pools mocked cloudy skies, Answer for stanza 2:
Mang Teban, passing dripping trees,
______: ______
With trousers rolled up to his knees,
__________________________________
Reproached the sky and saw the rain __________________________________
As diablos dancing in the mire- ____________________________

And shrank in the pelting rain-

And wished for sunny days!

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 What I Have Learned

How will you rate yourself in the lesson discussed?

Directions: Read the statements carefully and check the response that best indicates
your evaluation. Copy the table in your notebook.

Excellent

Statements
Good

Poor
Fair

4 3 2 1
1. I was able to identify pair of words that shows analogy.

2. I was able to write an analogy statement.

3. I was able to give words for comparison.

4. I was able to give a description.

5. I was able to write sentences showing analogies.

Answer in 2-3 sentences. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. How useful is the lesson for you as a student?

What I Can Do

Activity 4: DESCRIBE ME

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Write at least 2 sentences using analogies
to describe the picture or your personal
experience in the classroom.

a. About the teacher

b. About the students

Assessment

It’s time to check what you have learned.

Directions: Write a short paragraph about your family. Use analogy to describe each
of your family members including yourself.

_____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________.

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 Additional Activity

Activity 5: TELL ME SOMETHING

Directions: Write two sentences using analogies to describe or make a
point in each picture below.

A. B.

C. D.

E.

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