Christian Reformed Church in North America

The Christian Reformed Church in North America (CRCNA

Christian Reformed
or CRC) is a Protestant Calvinist Christian denomination in the
United States and Canada. Having roots in the Dutch Reformed Church in North America
Church of the Netherlands, the Christian Reformed Church was
founded by Dutch immigrants in 1857 and is theologically
Calvinist.[2]

History
The Christian Reformed Church (CRC) split from the Reformed
Church in America (then known as the Dutch Reformed Church)
in an 1857 secession. This was rooted in part as a result of a
theological dispute that originated in the Netherlands in which
Hendrik De Cock was deposed for his Calvinist convictions,
leading there to the Secession of 1834–35. For the CRC founders Official Logo of the Christian
in America, the RCA then appeared to contain problems similar to Reformed Church
those that they had seen in the State Church in the old country.
Gijsbert Haan (January 3, 1801 – July 27, 1874) was the leader in Abbreviation CRCNA or CRC
the 1857 Secession of Dutch-Americans from the Reformed Classification Protestant
Church in America and the creator of the Christian Reformed Orientation Evangelical
Church in the United States and Canada.
Calvinist
In 1857, four churches with about 130 families (about 10 percent Theology Reformed
of the Dutch immigrant church members in West Michigan at the Polity Modified-
time) seceded. In March, the Noordeloos church of the Classis of
Presbyterian
Holland, Michigan, left the Reformed Church in America. On
March 19, some members of Second Reformed Church, Grand Associations World Reformed
Rapids, Michigan, organized a church that became First CRC, Fellowship
Grand Rapids, Michigan. On April 8, churches in Graafschap and Region United States,
Polkton also left the Classis of Holland. Two ministers, Koene van
Canada
den Bosch and Hendrik Klijn, joined the separatists, although
Klijn returned to the Reformed Church six months later. Headquarters Grand Rapids,
Michigan and
The new denomination that formed from this secession was led by Burlington,
elders and ministers from the churches in the northern Netherlands, Ontario
especially from the province of Groningen, that had organized
Origin 1857
after the 1834 secession in the Netherlands, although members of
the new denomination came from all parts of the Netherlands. The Holland,
reasons given for leaving the Reformed Church were the use of Michigan
hymns (versus Exclusive psalmody) during worship, allowing free Separated from Founded by
access to communion, lax interpretation of grace, permitting Dutch
membership in Freemasonry, and failure to provide catechetical immigrants;
instruction to young people.
split from the
Reformed
For the two years, the denomination had no corporate name. In Church in
1859, Holland Reformed Church (Hollandsche Gereformeerde America
Kerk) was adopted, which was changed to Free Dutch Reformed
Branched from Dutch Reformed
Church (no record of a Dutch translation) in 1861. Two years later,
Church
True Dutch Reformed Church (Ware Hollandsche Gereformeerde
Kerk) was approved, which was changed to Holland Christian Separations 1924–26
Reformed Church (Hollandsche Christelijke Gereformeerde Kerk) Protestant
in 1880. In 1894 congregations also could use Christian Reformed Reformed
Church (Christelijke Gereformeerde Kerk) as well. The full Churches;
adoption of Christian Reformed Church came in 1904, which 1988 Orthodox
became Christian Reformed Church in North America in 1974.
Christian
In 1875, the denomination opened a theological school in Grand Reformed
Rapids, Michigan. The Preparatory Department of the school Churches;
became Calvin College, while the Theological Department became 1996 United
Calvin Theological Seminary. By 1880 the denomination had Reformed
grown to 42 congregations. Ten years later the number had grown Churches in
to 100 located in 11 states. During the 1890s congregations from North America
the True Protestant Dutch Reformed Church (located in New York
Congregations 1,053 (2022)[1]
and New Jersey) joined the CRC. During the 20th century a
number of congregations from the disbanding German Reformed Members 204,664 (2022)[1]
Churches also joined the CRC. Official website www.crcna.org (h
ttp://www.crcna.o
By 1920, the denomination had grown to 350 congregations. At
that time an estimated 350,000 Dutch immigrants had come to the rg)
United States, some of whom were in the Dutch Reformed
tradition that since the 1880s was influenced by Abraham Kuyper, a Dutch Neo-Calvinist theologian,
journalist, and statesman (he served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands, 1901-1905). He founded the
Gereformeerde Kerken, a newspaper, the Free University of Amsterdam, and the Anti-Revolutionary
Political Party.

During the early 1920s, the CRC adopted three doctrinal points regarding common grace. Three ministers,
Herman Hoeksema, George Ophoff, and Henry Danhof were deposed for rejecting three points as being
contrary to the Reformed confessions. The dispute led to the three ministers and their followers leaving the
CRC and forming what is now the Protestant Reformed Churches in America.

After the Second World War, a new wave of Dutch Calvinist immigration occurred to Canada, most of
which were Kuyperian. By 1960, half of the denomination's new congregations (138 of 288) were in
Canada.

In the early 1950s, a division within the Protestant Reformed Churches in America led to about three fifths
of its members forming the Orthodox Protestant Reformed Church, which joined the CRC in 1961.

Ecumenical partnerships
In 1975 the CRC joined the Orthodox Presbyterian Church (OPC), Reformed Presbyterian Church of
North America (RPCNA), the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Evangelical Synod (RPCES) and the
Presbyterian Church in America (PCA) in forming the North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council
(NAPARC).
In the last decades of the 20th century, the Synod enacted innovations that were rejected by some of its
more conservative members and one-time sister denominations. Out of concern about the state of affairs in
the CRC, a group of ministers formed the Mid-America Reformed Seminary in 1981, and around the same
time a federation of churches known as the Orthodox Christian Reformed Churches (OCRC), comprising
some former CRC congregations, was formed. The 1995 decision to ordain women led to the formation of
the United Reformed Churches in North America (URC), and the severing of fraternal relationships
between the CRC and the OPC and PCA in 1997. Because of the decision to ordain women, NAPARC
suspended the CRC from membership in 1999 and expelled it in 2001. This gradual shift has spurred some
of the more conservative congregations to leave; a significant number of these have ended up in the PCA,
OPC, or URC. In 2008, the OCRC dissolved and member churches joined the URC.

The CRC was a charter member of the Reformed Ecumenical Council, which organized at Grand Rapids,
Michigan in 1946. The CRC joined the World Alliance of Reformed Churches in 2002[3] after many years
of hesitation due to what was seen as the more liberal membership and agenda of that body. In 2010, the
Reformed Ecumenical Council and World Alliance of Reformed Churches merged to form the World
Communion of Reformed Churches at a joint meeting hosted by the CRC in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The
CRC also belongs to the Canadian Council of Churches, the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada, the World
Reformed Fellowship, and the National Association of Evangelicals. The CRC participates in Christian
Churches Together in the United States and in the Global Christian Forum.[4]

As of 2016 the CRC has bilateral relationships with 39 denominations around the globe: 24 are in
"ecclesiastical fellowship;" 10 are "in dialogue;" and five are in "corresponding fellowship." In North
America, the CRC is denominational partners with the more mainline Reformed Church in America (from
which it had split in 1857) and in ecclesiastical fellowship with the Evangelical Presbyterian Church and
ECO: A Covenant Order of Evangelical Presbyterians.[5]

Theology
The Christian Reformed Church is Calvinist,[2] confessional and evangelical in its theology. It places high
value on theological study and the application of theology to current issues, emphasizes the importance of
careful Biblical hermeneutics, and has traditionally respected the personal conscience of individual
members who feel they are led by the Holy Spirit. The Church promotes the belief that Christians do not
earn their salvation, but that it is a wholly unmerited gift from God, and that good works are the Christian
response to that gift.

Reformed theology as practiced in the CRC is founded in Calvinism. A more recent theologian of great
influence on this denomination was Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920). Kuyper, who served as the Prime
Minister of the Netherlands from 1901 to 1905, promoted a belief in social responsibility and called on
Christians to engage actively in improving all aspects of life and society. Kuyper is regarded as a founding
father of Christian Democracy political ideology. Current scholars with wider reputations, such as
philosophers Alvin Plantinga and Nicholas Wolterstorff, as well as Lewis B. Smedes, have associations
with this denomination and with Calvin College. Philip Yancey has stated, "I also admire the tradition of the
Christian Reformed Church, which advocates 'bringing every thought captive' under the mind of Christ;
that tiny 'transforming' denomination has had an enormous influence on science, philosophy, and the
arts."[6]

Doctrinal standards
The CRC officially subscribes to the Ecumenical Creeds[7]—the Apostles' Creed, the Nicene Creed, and
the Athanasian Creed—as well as three Reformed Confessions, commonly referred as the Three Forms of
Unity: the Belgic Confession, the Heidelberg Catechism, and the Canons of Dort.[8]

In 1986, the CRC formulated a statement of faith titled "Our World Belongs to God:[9] A Contemporary
Testimony" which addresses issues such as secularism, individualism, and relativism. These issues were
seen as "unique challenges of faith presented by the times in which we live".[10] While not having
confessional status, it is meant to give a hymn-like expression of CRC beliefs within the heritage of the
Reformed confessions, especially addressing issues that confront the church today.[11] The Contemporary
Testimony was reviewed and updated in 2008. The second Contemporary Testimony held by the CRCNA
is the Belhar Confession, a testimony written in Afrikaans in 1982 from Reformed churches in South
Africa.[12]

Social issues
The Christian Reformed Church has stated its position on a number of social issues. Summaries of those
positions and references to full reports with exact statements can be found at crcna.org.[13]

The CRC is opposed to abortion except in cases when the "life of the mother is genuinely threatened" by
her pregnancy. The church "affirms the unique value of all human life" from the "moment of conception".
Believers are called upon to show "compassion" to those experiencing unwanted pregnancies, even while
they speak out against the "atrocity" of abortion. In 2010, the Synod adopted a recommendation "to instruct
the Office of Social Justice and Hunger Action (OSJ) to boldly advocate for the church's position against
abortion, and to help equip churches to promote the sanctity of human life" (Acts of Synod 2010,
p. 883)."[14]

Unlike many other Christian denominations, the CRC does not have an official stance on euthanasia. Their
Acts of the 1972 Synod, however, can be interpreted as also a condemnation of euthanasia, since it opposes
"the wanton or arbitrary destruction of any human being at any stage of its development from the point of
conception to the point of death". (Acts of Synod 1972, p. 64)[15] The CRC already expressed its official
opposition to legal euthanasia both in Canada and the United States.[16]

The CRC has a moderate stance on the death penalty: "The CRC has declared that modern states are not
obligated by Scripture, creed, or principle to institute and practice capital punishment. It does, however,
recognize that Scripture acknowledges the right of modern states to institute and practice capital punishment
if it is exercised with utmost restraint."[17]

The stance of the CRC is that homosexuality is "a condition of disordered sexuality that reflects the
brokenness of our sinful world". Christian homosexuals should not pursue "homosexualism", defined as
"explicit homosexual practice", which is "incompatible with obedience to the will of God as revealed in
Scripture". Christian homosexuals should be given "loving support" within the church community,
compassion, and support "towards healing and wholeness".[18][19] Christian homosexuals, like all
Christians, are called to discipleship, holy obedience, and the use of their gifts in the cause of the kingdom.
Opportunities to serve within the offices and the life of the congregation should be afforded to them as to
heterosexual Christians.[20]

The Christian Reformed Church in North America also opposes Freemasonry.[21]

Political involvement
The CRC educates its constituency and mobilizes member advocacy on a wide range of social justice
issues in Canada and the United States.[22] It does so primarily through its Office of Social Justice and
Hunger Action[23] (OSJ) and the Centre for Public Dialogue[24] (CPD) in Canada. Major issues on which
the CRC has clear, biblically rooted positions and an active advocacy effort include: Reducing or ending
abortion, comprehensive reform of the U.S. immigration system, ending global poverty and hunger,
fighting systemic racism in both Canada and the U.S., achieving more justice for aboriginal groups in the
U.S. and Canada, organizing for a stronger governmental and private sector response to care for God's
creation – including climate change, refugee protection and resettlement, and standing in solidarity with
those who are persecuted for their faith.

Missions
The CRC has mission efforts and ministries in Nigeria, South
America, Southeast Asia, and the Navajo reservation. Among the
most prominent reservation churches are the Zuni and Rehoboth
missions. Rehoboth was founded in 1903 and has grown
significantly into a large church and has an independent school
with over 500 students in grades K-12; Zuni has experienced the
same in its community. The Rehoboth hospital moved to the
neighboring town of Gallup in 1970. Rehoboth built a high-school
in 1951, and a new high school, funded by the DeVos family, was
built in 2018. The first Rehoboth church was built in 1908, though
the congregation moved to a new building in 2005.

Governance
Church polity refers to the form of governance and organization of
a church. The CRC follows a Presbyterian form of church polity A CRC church on the Navajo
organized under governance by elders, as compared to Episcopal reservation
polities organized under governance by bishops (Roman Catholic,
United Methodist, and Episcopal denominations) and
Congregational polities organized under the governance of the local
congregation (Congregational, Baptist, Disciples of Christ). Governance by
elders is assumed throughout the Christian Reformed Church Order, but CRC
polity is not exactly like that of Presbyterian denominations. Two particular
differences include the fact that the CRC has limited tenure for officebearers
(so elders and deacons serve terms, not forever), and ministers are ordained
and credentialed by a local congregation, not the regional classis or presbytery.
Another key difference is that church polity in the CRC does not have
confessional status and, therefore, the Church Order does not have the same
authority as the creeds. The Church Order is subordinate to the creeds and The Christian Reformed
confessions, which are subordinate to Scripture.[25] Church emblem
approved for U.S.
The Christian Reformed Church has three levels of assembly: the church military gravestones.
council (local assembly, composed of a congregation's deacons, elders, and
ministerial staff), the classis (regional assembly, of which there are 48: 37 in
the United States and 12 in Canada, with one straddling the international border), and the synod (bi-
national assembly.)[26] The church's Synod meets annually in June, with 192 delegates: a minister, an elder
and a deacon from each classis, plus one other officebearer.
Central offices of the church are located in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and Burlington, Ontario. The CRC in
North America has sent missionaries to many countries around the world where Christian Reformed
churches have been established, but these have organized on their own and are independent from the North
American denomination.

Education and agencies

Reformed teaching puts an emphasis on education. As such, many CRC members support Christian day
schools as well as post-secondary education.[27]

The denomination owns and supports Calvin University as well as Calvin Theological Seminary in Grand
Rapids, Michigan, where the denomination's U.S. offices are located. Historically most ministers ordained
in the CRC were trained at Calvin Seminary. Other colleges associated with the denomination are Kuyper
College (also located in Grand Rapids), Trinity Christian College in Palos Heights, Illinois; Dordt
University in Sioux Center, Iowa; Redeemer University College in Ancaster, Ontario; The King's
University in Edmonton, Alberta, and the post-graduate Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto,
Ontario.[28]

Elim Christian Services in Palos Heights, Illinois, offers a school devoted to the education of those with
special needs.

Agencies
Back to God Ministries International – (formerly The
Back to God Hour until 2008) media ministry of the
CRCNA that utilizes radio, television, internet and text
messaging to reach nearly 200 countries, with 34
websites in 10 languages: Arabic, Chinese, English,
French, Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Portuguese,
Russian, and Spanish[29] The logo of The Back to God Hour
Calvin University – the oldest and primary college of the radio program, which gave Back to
CRCNA God Ministries International its
Calvin Theological Seminary – the CRCNA seminary for original name
training ministers and those doing ministry work
Resonate Global Mission (https://www.resonateglobalmi
ssion.org/) - Formed by the joining of Christian Reformed Home Missions and Christian
Reformed World Missions, Resonate Global Mission, trains leaders, guides new churches,
and forges partnerships to proclaim and live out the good news of Jesus Christ worldwide.
World Renew (https://worldrenew.net/) – World Renew, formerly the Christian Reformed
World Relief Committee (CRWRC), is the relief and development organization of the
Christian Reformed Church. It responds to the needs of people around the world who are
suffering from poverty, hunger, disaster, and injustice.[30][31]

Departments and offices

Faith Alive Christian Resources [32]– known as CRC Publications until 2007, publishes and
distributes books, magazines and learning materials. In 2013, Faith Alive was reorganized
from a CRC agency with its own board to a department supervised by the CRC Board of
Trustees.
Canadian Ministries[33]
 Candidacy Committee[34]
Chaplaincy & Care Ministry[35]
CRC Foundation[36]
Disability Concerns[37]
Ecumenical and Interfaith Relations Committee (EIRC)[38]
CRC Loan Fund[39]
Office of Social Justice[23]
Centre for Public Dialogue[24]
Pastor-Church Resources[40]
Race Relations[41]
Safe Church[42]
Servicelink[43]
Sustaining Congregational Excellence (SCE)[44]
Sustaining Pastoral Excellence (SPE)[45]

Denominationally related agencies

Diaconal Ministries Canada[46]
Dynamic Youth Ministries – ministers to young people; includes Calvinist Cadet Corps,
GEMS Girls' Clubs, and ThereforeGo Ministries
Friendship Ministries[47]
Partners Worldwide[48]
Timothy Leadership Training Institute

Demographics
CRC churches are predominantly located in areas of Dutch immigrant settlement in North America,
including Brookfield, Wisconsin, Western Michigan, Chicago, the city of Lynden in Washington State,
British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Alberta, Iowa, suburban
southern California, Ripon, California, and northern New Jersey.[50] About 75% of the CRCNA
congregations are located in the US, while the remaining 25% are in Canada.[2] The church has grown
more ethnically diverse with some congregations predominantly Native American, Korean, Chinese,
Vietnamese, African-American and Hispanic. All together, Christian Reformed Churches speak around 20
languages and over 170 congregations speak a language other than English or Dutch.[50] Many churches,
particularly in more urban areas, are becoming much more integrated. Emerging from its role as primarily
an immigrant church, the church has become more outward focused in recent years.[51]

Membership trends
After a time of steady growth during the period of 1963–1992, Year Membership churches
membership totals have declined, even though the number of churches
1963 256,015 585
has grown. In 1992, at the height of its membership, the Christian
Reformed Churches had 316,415 members in 981 churches in the United 1964 263,178 597
States and Canada. In 2019 membership had dropped to 222,156 1965 268,165 610
members in 1072 churches, marking a loss of 78,164 members (or 26%
of its membership) in the last 25 years.[49] 1966 272,461 624

1967 275,530 629

Notable members 1968 278,869 634

1969 281,523 648

Herman Baker, founder, Baker Publishing Group
Louis Berkhof, 1873–1957, prominent Reformed theologian of 1970 284,737 658
the 20th century 1971 285,628 660
Scott Brown, former U.S. Ambassador and former U.S. 1972 286,094 674
Senator from Massachusetts
Richard DeVos, businessman, co-founder of Amway 1973 287,114 750

Betsy DeVos, former U.S. Secretary of Education 1974 287,553 763

Calvin B. DeWitt, environmentalist and co-founder of the 1975 286,371 688
Evangelical Environmental Network[52]
William B. Eerdmans, founder, William B. Eerdmans
Publishing Company
Vern Ehlers, U.S. Representative from Michigan
Randy Feenstra U.S. Representative from Iowa
William K. Frankena, 1908–1994, philosopher, University of
Michigan
Sidney Greidanus, professor of preaching at Calvin
Theological Seminary
Paul B. Henry, U.S. Representative from Michigan
Herman Hoeksema, (1886-1965) Reformed theologian who
helped found the Protestant Reformed Churches in America
Bill Huizenga, U.S. Representative from Michigan
Bill Hybels, pastor of Willow Creek Community Church and
founder of Willow Creek Association[53]
Rienk Kuiper, theologian
Frederick Manfred, author of Westerns, the pen name of Feike
Feikema (1912–1994)
Manuel Ortiz, pastor, missionary and scholar[54]
Richard and Joan Ostling, authors and journalists
Alvin Plantinga, philosopher, University of Notre Dame
Cornelius Plantinga, theologian, author, president of Calvin
Theological Seminary from 2002-2011
Michael Rea, philosopher, University of Notre Dame
H. Evan Runner, philosopher
Christian Sebastia, pastor, theologian and music producer
Calvin Seerveld, philosopher and theologian
Norman Shepherd, pastor and theologian
Lewis Smedes, author, ethicist, and theologian (1921–2002)
 The Staal brothers, professional hockey players Eric Staal, 1976 287,503 695
Marc Staal, Jordan Staal, and Jared Staal
1977 288,024 706
Steven R. Timmermans, psychologist, author, former
president of Trinity Christian College, executive director of 1978 287,656 791
CRC 2013–present 1979 289,011 814
Jay Van Andel, businessman, co-founder of Amway
1980 292,379 828
Cornelius Van Til, (1895–1987) Reformed theologian, (raised
CRC and attended denominational schools before joining the 1981 294,354 824
Orthodox Presbyterian Church) 1982 296,706 828
Johanna Veenstra (1894-1933), missionary to Nigeria
1983 299,685 828
Geerhardus Vos (1862–1949), theologian, "Father of
Reformed Biblical Theology" 1984 302,436 838
Albert Wolters, philosopher 1985 305,228 853
Nicholas Wolterstorff, philosopher, Yale University 1986 306,309 959
Jerry Zandstra, conservative activist
1987 308,993 876

1988 310,160 891

See also
1989 310,014 903

Calvinism portal 1990 314,226 941

Evangelical 1991 315,086 958

Christianity portal
1992 316,415 981
Christianity portal
1993 311,202 979
Religion portal 1994 300,320 979
1995 294,179 985
The Christian Reformed Church is not a worldwide organization but has
1996 291,796 991
similar, independent church bodies in other lands.
1997 285,864 987
Christian Reformed Churches (Christelijke Gereformeerde
1998 279,029 972
Kerken), a different denomination with a similar name in the
Netherlands 1999 275,466 964
Christian Reformed Churches of Australia 2000 276,376 982
Christian Reformed Church in Costa Rica
2001 279,068 991
Christian Reformed Church in Cuba
2002 278,944 989
Christian Reformed Church of the Dominican Republic
Christian Reformed Church in Eastern Africa 2003 278,798 995
Christian Reformed Church in El Salvador 2004 275,708 1,002
Christian Reformed Church in Haiti 2005 273,220 1,021
Christian Reformed Church in Honduras
2006 272,127 1,047
Christian Reformed Church in Myanmar
2007 269,221 1,057
Christian Reformed Church in Nicaragua
Christian Reformed Church of Nigeria 2008 268,052 1,049
Christian Reformed Church in Sierra Leone 2009 264,330 1,059
Christian Reformed Church in South Africa 2010 262,588 1,078
Christian Reformed Church in Sri Lanka (formerly known as
the Dutch Reformed Church in Sri Lanka) 2011 255,706 1,084

Christian Reformed Church in the Philippines 2012 251,727 1,099

 Reformed Church in America 2013 248,258 1,101
The Banner (The Banner of Truth) Magazine 2014 245,217 1,103
Christian Labor Association
2015 242,794 1,090

2016 235,921 1,088

Notes
2017 234,819 1,091
1. "Statistics 2022" (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/
2018 227,968 1,094
d/19g8MsQvi4-8C7lGNrPJttDExScJYd6RjKpeo0lXJGd
U/edit?pli=1#gid=131689757). Retrieved June 27, 2022. 2019 222,156 1,072
2. Welcome: Learn about the CRC (http://www.crcna.org/pa 2020 216,336 1,063
ges/aboutthecrc.cfm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20110722000238/http://www.crcna.org/pages/aboutth 2021 211,706 1,057[49]
ecrc.cfm) July 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. 2022 204,664 1,053[1]
Christian Reformed Church.
3. Acts of Synod 2002, pg.485; Acts of Synod 2003, pg.231
4. www.brandesign.com.au. "GCF Home" (http://www.glob
alchristianforum.org/). www.globalchristianforum.org.
5. "Relationships | Ecumenical and Interfaith Relations
Committee | Christian Reformed Church" (https://www.cr
cna.org/eirc/ecumenical-relations/relationships).
6. Philip Yancey, "A State of Ungrace Part 2" Christianity Christian Reformed Churches in the
Today Vol. 41, No. 2. February 3, 1997 US by county, 2008

7. De Moor, Robert (2001). Reformed: What It Means, Why

It Matters (https://archive.org/details/reformedwhatitme00
demo/page/67). Faith Alive Christian Resources. pp. 67
(https://archive.org/details/reformedwhatitme00demo/pag
e/67). ISBN 1-56212-433-1.
8. Psalter Hymnal: Doctrinal Standards and Liturgy of the
Christian Reformed Church (https://archive.org/details/ps
alterhymnaldoc00chri). Publication Committee of the
Christian Reformed Church, Inc. 1959.
9. "Our World Belongs to God - Christian Reformed
Church" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110518171444/
http://www.crcna.org/pages/our_world_main.cfm).
Archived from the original (http://www.crcna.org/pages/o
ur_world_main.cfm) on 2011-05-18. Retrieved
2011-05-19.
10. De Moor, Robert (2001). Reformed: What It Means, Why
It Matters (https://archive.org/details/reformedwhatitme00
demo/page/68). Faith Alive Christian Resources. pp. 68
(https://archive.org/details/reformedwhatitme00demo/pag
e/68). ISBN 1-56212-433-1.
11. "Our Faith - Ecumenical Creeds, Reformed Confessions,
and Other Resources" (http://www.faithaliveresources.or
g/content/site135/filessamples/177842155284pdf_0000
0014657.pdf) (PDF).
12. Advisory Committee (https://www.crcna.org/sites/default/f
iles/2017_advisory_committee_8.pdf) crcna.org
13. Position statements (https://www.crcna.org/welcome/beli
efs/position-statements) crcna.org
14. "Abortion" (http://www.crcna.org/pages/positions_abortion.cfm#). 26 June 2012. Retrieved
1 July 2016.
15. Christian Reformed Church in North America on euthanasia (http://www.crcna.org/pages/pos
itions_euthanasia.cfm). Christian Reformed Church.
16. "News and Views" (http://www.crcna.org/news.cfm?newsid=1624). Retrieved 1 July 2016.
17. "Capital Punishment" (http://www.crcna.org/pages/positions_capital_punish.cfm). 26 June
2012. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
18. "Homosexuality" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121021024638/http://crcna.org/pages/positi
ons_homosexuality.cfm). Christian Reformed Church. Archived from the original (http://www.
crcna.org/pages/positions_homosexuality.cfm) on 21 October 2012. Retrieved
18 September 2012.
19. "Pastoral Care for Homosexual Members" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120630051431/htt
p://crcna.org/site_uploads/uploads/resources/synodical/2002_report_careforhomosexuals.p
df) (PDF). Christian Reformed Church. Archived from the original (http://www.crcna.org/site_
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External links
Official website (http://www.crcna.org/)
Book of Church Order for the CRCNA (https://web.archive.org/web/20081029120650/http://w
ww.crcna.org/site_uploads/uploads/2006_churchorder.pdf)
Searchable Database of All CRC Ministers (http://www.calvin.edu/library/database/crcmd/)
Detailed church history (https://web.archive.org/web/20031002200629/http://www.crchurche
s.net/resources/crcstuff/WhoWeAre/history/index.html)
Asian-American CRCs (https://web.archive.org/web/20070929014259/http://asiancrc.org/pa
ge7.html)
The Banner. The monthly publication of the CRC (http://thebanner.org)
Profile of the CRC on the Association of Religion Data Archives website (http://www.thearda.
com/Denoms/D_921.asp)

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