CODE PROGRAMME:

CHE136

PROGRAMME:

PLANT SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

LECTURER:

ENCIK MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS BIN HUSIN

TITLE:

LATHE MACHINE

PREPARED BY:

NO. NAME NO. MATRICES GROUP

1. HAFIZUL MUIZZ BIN JEFENDY 2022831802 6

2. SITI NUR SYAKILA ZULAIKHA BINTI SHAHABUDDIN 2022679648 6

3. WAN AZWAR HAKIMI BIN WAN AZEMAN 2022843664 6

4. ANIES BINTI ADNAN 2022877894 6

1.0 INTRODUCTION
This study was conducted in the Mechanical Engineering Workshop UiTM Bukit Besi of lathe
machine process section. The objectives of this study are to identify Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) in the lathe machine and other related activities. In
order to reduce the risks, particular methods have been carried out to obtain data and
information. Workshop visits were conducted to gain detailed information of the lathe machine
work activity. Hazard at the lathe machine workplace shall be divided according to the risk rating
by the experienced worker. The sensor from the lathe machine is one of the existing controls
and still unmanage to reduce the risk as low as possible. Results of the hazard need to be
processed then decided for the effective control measures for pursuing a safer workplace
environment.

Picture During Workshop Visits.

1.1 WORK ACTIVITY

The crucial function of the lathe machine is used primarily for shaping metal or wood. It works
by rotating the workpiece around a stationary cutting tool. This process is to remove unwanted
parts of the material, leaving behind a nicely shaped workpiece.

1.2 LIKELIHOOD AND SEVERITY

Likelihood is a possibility of a potential risk occurring, interpreted using quantitative values such
as LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH. While severity means the level of damage possible when an accident
occurs from a particular hazard.

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1.3 HAZARD

Workers who use the lathe machine are exposed to health hazards, safety hazards and
environmental hazards. Due to heavy machine operations the workers will experience slips,
trips and falls from the machinery that can be so dangerous.

2.0 HIRARC STUDY: LATHE MACHINE

2.1 LATHE MACHINE PROCESS

Lathe machine is a stationary cutting tool that is primarily used for shaping metal and wood
referred and removes unwanted parts of the workpieces to produce the desired product. There
are four main parts of the lathe machine which are the bed, headstock, carriage and tailstock.
The process of the lathe machine also has hazards that can cause safety hazards, health
hazards and environmental hazards. In this HIRARC study there are five work activities that can
cause hazards.

2.2 PURPOSE OF HIRARC

HIRARC is one of the potential hazard identification methods with risk assessment as one of the
key points to implement the Occupational Safety and Health Management System. The purpose
of HIRARC are as follows: -

a) To identify all the factors that may cause harm to employees and others (the hazard);
b) To consider what the chances are of that harm actually be falling anyone in the
circumstances of a particular case and the possible severity that could come from the
risk
c) To enable employers to plan, introduce and monitor preventive measures to ensure that
the risks are adequately controlled at all the time

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 HIRARC FORM

Company: UiTM Cawangan Terengganu, Kampus Bukit Conducted by: Anies binti Adnan.
Besi.
(Name, designation) Hafizul Muizz bin Jefendy.

Siti Nur Syakila Zulaikha binti

Process/Location: Lathe Machine/Mechanical Engineering Date: (From….To..)
Shahabuddin.
Workshop.
Wan Azwar Hakimi bin Wan
Azeman.
Approved by: Muhammad Firdaus bin Husin.

(Name,
designation)

Date: 24 JANUARY 2023 Review date:

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 Hazard Identification Risk Analysis Risk control

No Work Activity Hazard Which can Existing Risk Likelihood Severity Risk Recommended PIC (Due
cause Control (if Control date/status)
effect any) Measures

1. Tighten the iron on the Safety hazard: Can cause Safe work 4 3 12 Make sure SYAKILA
machine using the The iron is blindness practice worker ZULAIKHA
chuck key and tool tightened and injury to understand the
post key improperly and the human Stand erect instructions and (24 JANUARY
not tightly limbs due to and do not are properly 2023 /
metal thrown lean on trained before COMPLETED)
during machine. operating a lathe
turning Keep your machine. Wear a
face away face shield.
from flying
metal

Safety hazard: Could be Check the 4 3 12 Remove chuck SYAKILA

Leave the chuck thrown at chuck before key immediately ZULAIKHA
key in the lathe worker when turn on the after adjusting
chuck the power is power lathe chuck (24 JANUARY
turn on and 2023 /
cause injury COMPLETED)

2. Align the cutting Safety Bruise and Safe work 3 4 12 Regularly

tools with the same hazard: hand broken bond practice proper
condition as the back stuck between maintenance,
tools. the machine
Install hand
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2.3 Operations of Lathe machine

The function of the lathe machine had been given in the first page which is in 1.1 Work Activity and the process during the
lathe operations. Commonly, the lathe machine can perform numerous operations such as grooving, turning, knurling, tapping, and
facing on the workpiece. As a consequence, the operations can pose hazardous effects if the operations during the work activity are
not implemented accordingly. Table on page 3 shows the result of HIIRARC for Operation of Lathe Machine.

Based on the table, among the hazard recorded during the Operations of Lathe machine, the highest risk in the work activity is the
process to tighten the iron on the machine using the chuck key and tool post key which is when the iron is tightened improperly and
not tightly and leave the chuck key in the lathe chuck. Always ask for assistance in moving the angle of the tool handle so that no
accidents and inaccuracy will occur.

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Other than that, other work activities such as aligning the cutting tools with the same condition as the back tools, launching the
engine to avoid a broken cutting edge, operation of the lathe machine and when cleaning the iron or metal scraps also need to be
considered to prevent any accidents from happening. The information in the table should take it seriously to make sure the
Operations during the Lathe machine can run smoothly.

3.0 Conclusion

Lathe machine has many potential hazards that could affect the workers that operating the machine. All the workers should
understand the safety precaution before operating the machine, during operating the machine and after operating the machine.
Based on the HIRARC form, the highest risk level is 15 where the iron debris left by the machine could harm the workers operating or
walk nearby the machine. The usage of protective personal equipment such as safety glasses and respiratory protection are
compulsory to avoid metal debris from entering the operator’s mouth, nose and eyes. After using the machine, be sure to clean up
the iron debris to avoid the debris to fly off in the air.

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