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    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a 19th century Indian scholar and reformer who is regarded as one of the pioneers of the two-nation theory. He believed that Muslims in India constituted a separate nation and should embrace British rule and Western education in order to progress. While initially advocating Hindu-Muslim unity, the communal attitudes of Hindus and the Hindi-Urdu controversy led him to champion Muslim nationalism and the idea that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations. He is widely credited as the founder of Muslim nationalism in India and the conceptualization of India as home to two separate nations divided by religion.

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    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a 19th century Indian scholar and reformer who is regarded as one of the pioneers of the two-nation theory. He believed that Muslims in India constituted a separate nation and should embrace British rule and Western education in order to progress. While initially advocating Hindu-Muslim unity, the communal attitudes of Hindus and the Hindi-Urdu controversy led him to champion Muslim nationalism and the idea that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations. He is widely credited as the founder of Muslim nationalism in India and the conceptualization of India as home to two separate nations divided by religion.

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    36 views5 pages

    Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

    Uploaded by

    afzal786435
    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a 19th century Indian scholar and reformer who is regarded as one of the pioneers of the two-nation theory. He believed that Muslims in India constituted a separate nation and should embrace British rule and Western education in order to progress. While initially advocating Hindu-Muslim unity, the communal attitudes of Hindus and the Hindi-Urdu controversy led him to champion Muslim nationalism and the idea that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations. He is widely credited as the founder of Muslim nationalism in India and the conceptualization of India as home to two separate nations divided by religion.

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    of 5

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan: (1817–1898)

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was born in Delhi on 17th October I 817. He
    started his career as a Naib Munshi in Agra, and promoted to Naib
    Amin (Sharishtadar or reader) in Delhi 1838. He qualified three year
    later as a sub-judge and served in the judicial department at various
    places. The independence war of 1857 was one of the turning points
    of Sir Syed Ahmed's life. So he devoted himself to the welfare of the
    Indians irrespective of their race and religion. But the communal
    attitude of the Hindus towards the Muslims compelled him to change
    his view about them. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was a great lover of Islam.
    Though initially espousing Hindu-Muslim unity, he became the
    pioneer of Muslim nationalism in lndia and is widely credited as the
    father of the two-nation theory,which formed the basis of the
    Pakistan movement

    Beliefs of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan:

    Sir Syed was extremely unhappy about the position of Muslims in the
    subcontinent. Since the days of the Mughal declined the social and
    economic status of Muslims had declined sharply and the role of
    Muslims in the war of Independence had left further decline as British
    took measures to ensure that their control was unchallenged.

    Sir Syed Ahmed felt that the poor status of Muslims was due to they
    were treated as second class citizen by British and Hindus and they
    had to take some responsibilities themselves. Most Muslims thought
    that British were no more than just invaders and they had nothing to do
    with them. Sir Syed Ahmed believed that Muslims had to accept that
    the British were there rulers and could only improve if they have a
    positive approach towards them. They needed to accept the British

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan


    idea and their education if they wanted to improve. Sir Syed wanted to
    see Muslims untied and prospering in their social, economic and
    religious fortune.

    MAIN POINT OF IDEOLOGY OF SIR SYED AHMED


    KHAN:

    1: MUSLIMS SHOULD GET MODERN EDUCATION.


    Sir syed ahmed khan said that we should get modern language.
    Because olema of that time said that English is the language of non
    muslims and why muslim get education of non muslims. Sir syed
    ahmed khan refuse the idea of olema and said if we want to get
    government job then it is must for us to get English language.

    2: MUSLIMS SHOULD BECOME THE LOYAL TO BRITISH.


    Sir syed ahmed khan said the muslim to be loyal to british because we
    are not in such a position to stir with them. British were in
    superposition at that time and they are also in majority while muslims
    are in minority we can not defeat them. Therefor sir syed ahmed khan
    said be loyal to british

    3.URDU-HINDI CONFLICT (1867)


    The Urdu-Hindi controversy began in the year 1867 in Banaras.The
    onset of the Hindi-Urdu controversy of 1867 saw the emergence of Sir
    Syed as a champion for cause of the Urdu language. He
    became a leading Muslim voice opposing the adoption of Hindi as a
    second official language of the United Provinces (now Uttar
    Pradesh). Sir Syed perceived Urdu as the lingua franca of the
    United Provinces which was created as a confluence of Muslim
    and Hindu contributions in India. Having been developed by
    during the Mughal period, Urdu was used as a secondary language
    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
    to Persian,the official language of the Mughal court. Since the decline
    of the Mughal dynasty, Sir Syed promoted the use of Urdu through his
    own writings.

    4.HINDUS AND MUSLIM UNITY :


    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan believed in the importance of Hindu-Muslim
    unity. He recognized the need for mutual understanding, respect, and
    cooperation between the two would not pull on together under one
    government peacefully.Sir Syed emphasized that both Hindus and
    Muslims should work together to promote harmony and address the
    social, educational, and political challenges faced by the Indian society.
    He believed that unity among different religious groups was essential
    for the progress and development of the nation as a whole. But the
    Hindi – Urdu controversy convinced him that the two communities .

    5.PIONEER OF TWO NATION THEORY:


    Sir Syed Ahmed was the pioneer of two nation theroy in the
    subcontinent. He used the word" Two Nation theory" due to Hindi Urdu
    Controversy in Banaras in 186 7. So he declared the Muslims, as
    separate Nation. He convinced the government that there were at
    least two nations settled in the sub-continant. one of them was
    Muslims and the other was Hindus. According to him the Muslims
    were a separate nation in every respect because their civilization,
    culture. language. customs literature. religion and way of life are
    different from those of the Hindus. This theory infused a political spirit
    and pushed them to the freedom movement. So India was partitioned
    because of Two-Nation Theory.

    He talked to Mr. Shakespeare, Governor of Banaras and explained


    the two nation theory as:

    “Hindi Urdu conflict is the starting of the space of separation


    between Hindus and Muslims which will gradually increase and a day

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan


    will come when both the nations will separate from each other after
    division.”

    6.CONCEPT OF MUSLIMS AS A NATION :


    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first person who used the word
    "Nation'' for the Muslims of the sub-continent. In the sub-continant
    the concept of Muslims as a Nation developed before the creation of
    Pakistan. Pakistan was the product of this concept of Nation hood.

    7. MODERNIZATION:
    Sir Syed believed in the modernization of the Muslim community to
    keep pace with the changing times. He encouraged Muslims to
    embrace science, technology, and Western knowledge while staying
    true to their faith.

    8.RATIONAL THINKING:
    Sir Syed emphasized the importance of rational thinking and critical
    analysis. He encouraged Muslims to question traditional beliefs and
    practices, promoting a scientific and logical approach to
    understanding the world.

    9: MUSLIMS SHOULS STAY AWAY FROM POLITICS:


    Sir syed ahmed khan said the muslim to stay away from politics at that
    time. Because at that time there was only one political organization
    and that was indiannational congress. Muslims did not have their any
    organization at that time. Sir syed ahmed khan said that there are
    large majority of hindus in indian national congress. If muslims take
    part in politics then hindus were not give their due rights.Sir syed
    ahmed khan was not against hindus. Infact he said that india was
    beautiful bright and hindus and muslilms are his two beautiful brights
    eyes.he said that hindus and muslims are two different .

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan


    CONCLUSION :
    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan work hard for the empowerment of poor and
    backward Muslim community .The services of Sir Syed Ahmed khan

    Were highly appreciated, therefore, he is recognized as one of the


    founder of Pakistan Maulvi Abdul Haque appreciated the role played
    by Sir Syed and said,

    "The first stone of the foundation of Pakistan was laid by this old
    man."

    Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

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