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    7.module LVM

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    Chennamadhavuni Sahithi
    Module7 discusses Logical Volume Management (LVM) in Linux. LVM allows combining physical volumes from multiple disks into a volume group. Logical volumes can then be created from the volume group, providing flexibility to resize partitions without data loss. It summarizes the key benefits of LVM as increased abstraction, flexibility and control over disk space management.

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    7.module LVM

    Uploaded by

    Chennamadhavuni Sahithi
    26 views10 pages
    Module7 discusses Logical Volume Management (LVM) in Linux. LVM allows combining physical volumes from multiple disks into a volume group. Logical volumes can then be created from the volume group, providing flexibility to resize partitions without data loss. It summarizes the key benefits of LVM as increased abstraction, flexibility and control over disk space management.

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    LVM module

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    7.Module LVM

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    Module7 discusses Logical Volume Management (LVM) in Linux. LVM allows combining physical volumes from multiple disks into a volume group. Logical volumes can then be created from the volume group, providing flexibility to resize partitions without data loss. It summarizes the key benefits of LVM as increased abstraction, flexibility and control over disk space management.

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    26 views10 pages

    7.module LVM

    Uploaded by

    Chennamadhavuni Sahithi
    Module7 discusses Logical Volume Management (LVM) in Linux. LVM allows combining physical volumes from multiple disks into a volume group. Logical volumes can then be created from the volume group, providing flexibility to resize partitions without data loss. It summarizes the key benefits of LVM as increased abstraction, flexibility and control over disk space management.

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    Module7:LVM (Logical Volume Management)

    LVM (Logical Volume Management) is basically a tool that provides logical volume
    management for the Linux kernel. It is being introduced simply to make physical
    storage device management easier. It also includes allocating disks, striping,
    mirroring, resizing logical volumes. Its main advantages are increased abstraction,
    flexibility, and control. It simply allows for flexible disk space management. It is
    especially required to resize the size of the file system online. In Linux, the size of
    the LVM partition can be extended using “lvextend” command

    Logical Volume Manager (LVM):

     Combining two or more physical volumes (partitions)from two or more HDDs


    making a group called as “Volume Group” and dividing Volume group into
    small parts called as “Logical Volumes”
     By using LVM ,If you require large amount of partition you can create
     By using LVM ,You can increase partition (Logical Volume) size without loss
    of data ,by adding a new disk / physical volume to Volume Group .
     But LVM do not support fault tolerance
    Steps for creating LVM :

     Step1 : Create two more partitions from HDD1 / HDD2


     Step2 : Create Physical Volumes (#pvcreate )
     Step3 : Create Volume Group (#vgcreate)
     Step4 : Create Logical Volume in a Volume Group (#lvcreate)
     Step5 : Format Logical Volume (#mkfs.ext3 )
     Step6 : Mount the Logical Volume (#mount)
    Checking Partitions by using “fdisk” :

    root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

    Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes


    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System


    /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
    /dev/sda2 14 1288 10241437+ 83 Linux
    /dev/sda3 1289 1543 2048287+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
    /dev/sda4 1544 1666 987997+ 83 Linux

    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes


    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System


    /dev/sdb1 1 366 2939863+ 83 Linux
    /dev/sdb2 367 610 1959930 83 Linux
    [root@localhost ~]#

    Creating Physical Volumes :

    [root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda4 /dev/sdb1


    Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created
    Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
    [root@localhost ~]#
    44
    Checking Physical Volumes :

    [root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay

    --- NEW Physical volume ---


    PV Name /dev/sda4
    VG Name
    PV Size 964.84 MB
    Allocatable NO
    PE Size (KByte) 0
    Total PE 0
    Free PE 0
    Allocated PE 0
    PV UUID uWHvL3-T0F2-bwQL-r3ll-fD2w-xQYZ-ivMnH0

    --- NEW Physical volume ---


    PV Name /dev/sdb1
    VG Name
    PV Size 2.80 GB
    Allocatable NO
    PE Size (KByte) 0
    Total PE 0
    Free PE 0
    Allocated PE 0
    PV UUID jibguB-4P2o-FHx8-HQRD-zZSq-fLUo-3AkpGX

    [root@localhost ~]#

    Creating Volume Group :

    [root@localhost ~]# vgcreate mydata /dev/sda4 /dev/sdb1


    Volume group "mydata" successfully created
    [root@localhost ~]#

    4
    4
    45
    Verifying Volume Group :

    [root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay


    --- Volume group ---
    VG Name mydata
    System ID
    Format lvm2
    Metadata Areas
    2
    Metadata Sequence No 1
    VG Access read/write
    VG Status resizable
    MAX LV 0
    Cur LV 0
    Open LV 0
    Max PV 0
    Cur PV 2
    Act PV 2
    VG Size 3.74 GB
    PE Size 4.00 MB
    Total PE 958
    Alloc PE / Size 0/0
    Free PE / Size 958 / 3.74 GB
    VG UUID 4fEcVZ-G7sF-00W2-nm3Z-B16k-qHwe-RevZPi

    [root@localhost ~]#

    Creating Logical Volume :

    [root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 500mb mydata -n itdept


    Logical volume "itdept" created

    Verifying Logical Voumes :

    [root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay


    --- Logical volume ---
    LV Name /dev/mydata/itdept
    VG Name mydata
    LV UUID 6VPpkz-CcTv-YeAq-sQX6-2f0m-6r3q-duRAZI
    LV Write Access read/write
    LV Status available
    # open 0
    LV Size 500.00 MB
    Current LE 125
    Segments 1
    Allocation inherit
    Read ahead sectors
    0
    Block device 253:0

    [root@localhost ~]#

    4
    46
    Formatting Logical Volume :

    [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/mydata/itdept


    mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    128016 inodes, 512000 blocks
    25600 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
    63 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2032 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409

    Writing inode tables: done


    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or


    180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
    [root@localhost ~]#

    Mounting Logical Volume:

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /itdeptdata


    [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/mydata/itdept /itdeptdata
    [root@localhost ~]#
    [root@localhost ~]# df -h
    Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/sda2 9.5G 2.6G 6.5G 28% /
    /dev/sda1 99M 9.9M 84M 11% /boot
    tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm
    /dev/mapper/mydata-itdept
    485M 11M 449M 3% /itdeptdata
    [root@localhost ~]#

    4
    6
    47
    Extending “/dev/mydata/itdept” Logical Volume Size:

    Steps for Extending Logical Volume Size :


     Step1 : Add a New HDD or if existed HDD has free space ,create a new partition
     Step2 : Create a physical volume (#pvcreate)
     Step3 : Extend(Add) physical volume into Volume Group (#vgextend)
     Step4 : Resize (increase) logical volume (#lvresize)
     Step5 : Arrange file system for logical volume (#resize2fs)
     Step6 : Verifying Logical Volume Size (#lvdisplay)

    Extending Logical Volume Size :


    Step1 : Creating a new
    partition : [root@localhost ~]#
    fdisk -l

    Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes


    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System


    /dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
    /dev/sda2 14 1288 10241437+ 83 Linux
    /dev/sda3 1289 1543 2048287+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
    /dev/sda4 1544 1666 987997+ 83 Linux

    Disk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes


    255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System


    /dev/sdb1 1 366 2939863+ 83 Linux
    [root@localhost ~]#

    4
    7
    /dev/sdb2 367 610 1959930 83 Linux

    [root@localhost ~]#
    Step2 : Create a physical volume :

    [root@localhost ~]# pvcreate


    /dev/sdb2
    Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
    [root@localhost ~]#

    Step3 : Extend(Add) physical volume into Volume Group:

    [root@localhost ~]# vgextend mydata /dev/sdb2


    Volume group "mydata" successfully extended
    [root@localhost ~]#

    Step4 : Resize (increase) logical volume:

    [root@localhost ~]# lvresize -L +450M /dev/mydata/itdept


    Rounding up size to full physical extent 452.00 MB
    Extending logical volume itdept to 952.00 MB
    Logical volume itdept successfully resized
    [root@localhost ~]#

    Step5 : Arrange file system for logical volume:

    [root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mydata/itdept


    resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
    Filesystem at /dev/mydata/itdept is mounted on /itdeptdata; on-line resizing required
    Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mydata/itdept to 974848 (1k) blocks.
    The filesystem on /dev/mydata/itdept is now 974848 blocks long.

    Step6 : Verifying Logical Volume Size:

    [root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay


    --- Logical volume ---
    LV Name /dev/mydata/itdept
    VG Name mydata
    LV UUID 6VPpkz-CcTv-YeAq-sQX6-2f0m-6r3q-duRAZI
    LV Write Access read/write
    LV Status available
    # open 1
    LV Size 952.00 MB
    Current LE 238
    Segments 1
    Allocation inherit
    Read ahead sectors
    0

    [root@localhost ~]#

    4
    8
    Block device 253:0

    [root@localhost ~]#

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