CH-2 Masonry
CH-2 Masonry
CH-2 Masonry
Masonry Works
Presentation Outline
2. Introduction
2.1. Stone masonry
2.3. Brick masonry
2.3.1. Bonds in Brick
2. Introduction
• The term masonry is used to indicate the art of building
structures with stones, brick or concrete.
• A masonry structure (wall) is formed by combining masonry
units, such as stone, blocks, or brick, with mortar.
• There is two types of masonry (based on their load):
– Structured/load-bearing →this is used for exterior walls.
– Non structured/non load-bearing → this is used for
interior walls.
2. Ashlar masonry
– The stone masonry in which finely dressed stones are laid in
cement or lime mortar is known as ashlars masonry.
– In this masonry, the courses are of uniform height, all the joints
are regular, thin and have uniform thickness.
– This type of masonry is much costly as it requires dressing of
stones.
– Suitability: This masonry is used for heavy structures,
architectural buildings, high piers and abutments of bridges.
2.1. Stone Masonry
• Ashlars masonry is further sub divided into the following
types:
– Ashlars fine or coarse ashlar masonry
– Rock or quarry faced ashlars masonry
– Chamfered ashlars masonry
– Ashlar facing
2.2. Brick Masonry
• Brick are obtained by moulding clay in a rectangular of
uniform sizes and then drying and burning of this bricks.
• The art of laying bricks in mortar in a proper systematic
manner gives homogeneous mass which can withstand
forces without disintegration, called brick masonry.
Definition of terms
1. Stretcher: This is a brick laid with its length parallel to the
face or front or direction of a wall.
2. Header: This is a brick laid with its breadth or width
parallel to the face or front or direction of a wall.
3. Course: Each horizontal layer of bricks laid in mortar in any
brick work is called coarse.
2.2. Brick Masonry
5. Bed: Mortar placed horizontally below or on the top of a
brick is called a bed.
6. Bats: The portions made by cutting standard bricks across
their width are known as brick bats.
7. Closers: The portions made by cutting across their length in
such a manner that their one stretcher face remains uncut or
half cut.
8. Quoins: The external corners of walls are called quoins
2.2. Brick Masonry
Sizes of brick
• The brick which is not standardized and uniform sizes are
called traditional bricks
• The brick which is standardized and uniform sizes are called
modular bricks
• Therefore, the actual sizes of modular brick is 6 X 12 X 24
cm.
2.2. Brick Masonry
Bonds in Brick Work
• Bond:- is the method of arranging the brick in courses, so
that the individual units are tied together and the vertical
joints of successive courses do not lie in the same vertical
line.