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CA Electrical Material Science
CA Electrical Material Science
4. According to the Bohr’s orbit model, electrons may be present at any of the allowed orbits
whose energy is defined by the expression: En = -2.179 x 10-18J (Z2/n2), where Z is the
atomic number or nuclear charge, and n = 1, 2, 3, ..is called the quantum number. For
hydrogen atom that has Z = 1, the energy of the first four orbits are given below:
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Quantum # Energy values
n=1 -2.18 x 10-18 J (lowest energy level or “ground state”)
n=2 -5.45 x 10-19 J (first excited state)
n=3 -2.42 x 10-19 J (second excited state)
n=4 -1.36 x 10-19 J (third excited state)
(Speed of light, C = 3 x 108 m/s; h = 6.63 x 10-34 J.s.)
4.1. Why are the energy values negative?
4.2. An electron in hydrogen atom jumps from the first orbit (n = 1) to the 4th orbit (n =4).
What is the energy change ( ) for the electron? Does the electron gain or lose
energy? Explain. What are the frequency (f) and wavelength (𝝺) of light that would
provide just enough energy for the electron to make this jump? In what spectral
region is this light found, uv, visible, or infra-red region?
4.3. The same electron then jumps from the 4th orbit to the second orbit (n = 2). What is
the energy change ( ) for the electron in this jump? Does the electron gain or lose
energy? Explain. What are the frequency and wavelength of light emitted from this
energy change? In what spectral region is this light emitted, uv, visible, or infra-red
region?
4.4. A spectral line in the Balmer series for hydrogen is observed at 𝝺 = 380 nm. If this is
the result of an electron transition from a higher energy level n to energy level n=2,
what is the quantum number n for the higher energy level? * ( )
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