Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
20 Sets
Class : 12th
Sub : Chemistry
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CBSE Chemistry Class 12 NODIA Sample Paper 1 Page 1
Sample Paper 1
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
3. Which of the following compound will not undergo azo coupling reaction with benzene diazonium
chloride?
(a) Phenol (b) Aniline
(c) Nitrobenzene (d) Anisole
4. A graph was plotted between molar conductivity of various electrolytes (NaCl, HCl and NH4OH)
and c (in mol L-1 ). Which of the following is the correct set?
6. Out of the following transition elements, the maximum number of oxidation states are shown
by:
(a) Cr (Z = 24) (b) Sc (Z = 21)
(c) Fe (Z = 26) (d) Mn (Z = 25)
7. The value of KH for Ar(g), CO2(g), HCHO(g) and CH4(g) are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 # 10-5 and 0.413
respectively. Arrange these gases in increasing order of solubility.
(a) Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO (b) Ar < CH4 < CO2 < HCHO
(c) HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar (d) HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar
9. The boiling points of alcohols are higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable masses due
to:
(a) ion-dipole interaction (b) dipole -dipole interaction
(c) hydrogen bonding (d) vander Waals forces
11. The compound obtained by the reaction of nitrous acid on aliphatic primary amine is:
(a) alkyl nitrite (b) alcohol
(c) nitroalkane (d) secondary amine
12. A graph was plotted between the molar conductivity Using valence bond theory, the complex
[Cr(NH3)6]3+ can be described as :
(a) d 2 sp3 , inner orbital complex, paramagnetic
(b) d 2 sp3 , outer orbital complex, diamagnetic
(c) sp3 d 2 , outer orbital complex, paramagnetic
(d) dsp2 , inner orbital complex, diamagnetic
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : Vanadium had the ability to exhibit a wide range of oxidation states.
Reason : The standard potentials Vanadium are rather small, making a switch between oxidation
states relatively easy.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is fake but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is fake.
15. Assertion : Tertiary butylamine can be prepared by the action of NH3 on tert-butylbromide.
Reason : Tertiary butyl bromide being 3° alkyl halide prefers to undergo elimination on the
treatment with a base.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is fake but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is fake.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Time required to decompose SO2Cl2 to half of its initial amount is 60 minutes. If the decomposition
is a first order reaction, calculate the rate constant of the reaction.
18. Which one of the following pairs of substances undergoes SN2 substitution reaction faster and
why?
(i)
(ii)
20. Identify compounds (A) and (B) in the following reactions and write the related balanced
chemical equation :
P2 O 5 4 [H]
CH 3 CONH 2 T
(A) Sn + HCl
(B)
o
Complete and name the following reaction:
(i) RNH 2 + CHCl 3 + 3KOH $
(ii) RCONH 2 + Br2 + 4NaOH $
21. (i) Sketch the zwitter ionic form of α -amino acetic acid.
(ii) What type of linkage holds together the monomers in DNA?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. A zinc rod is dipped in 0.1 M solution of ZnSO4. The salt is 95% dissociated at this dilution at
298K. Calculate the electrode potential.
[Ec (Zn 2+
/Zn) =− 0.76 V]
23. (i) Give the electronic configuration of the d -orbitals of Ti in [Ti(H2O)6]3+ ion and explain
why this complex is coloured ? [At. No. of Ti = 22 ]
(ii) Write IUPAC name of [Cr(NH3)3 (H2O)3]Cl3.
24. (i) Draw the structural formulas and write IUPAC names of all the isomeric alcohols with the
molecular formula C5H12O.
(ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols given in part (a) as primary, secondary and tertiary
alcohols.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The rate law for a chemical reaction relates the reaction rate with the concentrations or partial
pressures of the reactants. For a general reaction aA + bB $ C with no intermediate steps
in its reaction mechanism, meaning that it is an elementary reaction, the rate law is given
by r = k [A] x [B] y , where [A] and [B] express the concentrations of A and B in moles per litre.
Exponents x and y vary for each reaction and are determined experimentally. The value of k
varies with conditions that affect reaction rate, such as temperature, pressure, surface area,
etc. The sum of these exponents is known as overall reaction order. A zero order reaction has
a constant rate that is independent of the concentration of the reactants. A first order reaction
depends on the concentration of only one reactant. A reaction is said to be second order when
the overall order is two. Once we have determined the order of the reaction, we can go back and
plug in one set of our initial values and solve for k .
In the context of the given passage, answer the following questions :
(i) Calculate the overall order of a reaction which has the following rate expression :
Rate = k [A] 1/2 [B] 3/2
(ii) What is the effect of temperature on rate of reaction?
(iii) A first order reaction takes 77.78 minutes for 50% completion. Calculate the time required
for 30% completion of this reaction log 10 = 1, log 7 = 0.8450.
o
(iv) A first order reaction has a rate constant 1 # 10-3 per sec. How long will 5g of this reactant
take to reduce to 3 g?
(log 3 = 0.4771; log 5 = 0.6990)
30. An amino acid is a compound that contains both carboxyl group and an amino group. Although,
many types of amino acids are known, the α -amino acids are the most significant in the
biological world because they are the monomers from which proteins are constructed. A general
structural formula of an α -amino acid is shown in figure below.
Although, figure (a) is a common way of writing structural formulas for amino acids, it is not
accurate because it shows an acid (—COOH) and a base (—NH2) within the same molecule.
These acidic and basic groups react with each other to form a dipolar ion or internal salt
(figure (b). The internal salt of an amino acid is given the special name Zwitter ion. Note that
a Zwitter ion has no net charge, it contains one positive charge and one negative charge.
Because they exist as Zwitter ions, amino acids have many of the properties associated with
salts. They are crystalline solids with high melting points and are fairly soluble in water but
insoluble in non-polar organic solvents such as ether and hydrocarbon solvents.
According to the above passage, answer the following questions :
(i) Amino acids are usually colourless, crystalline solids. They behave like salts rather than
simple amines or carboxylic acids. Why amino acids show such a behaviour?
(ii) Amino acids are essential and non-essential depending upon their need. One of the essential
amino acid is lysine. Can you say why lysine is considered an essential amino acid?
(iii) Here are given some amino acids—lysine, Tyrosine, Glycine, Alamine. One of these amino
acids is not optically active. Which one is that amino acid? Also, provide the reason.
o
(iv) The pka , and pka , of an amino acid are 2.3 and 9.7 respectively. What would be the
1 2
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
(ii) How many electrons flow through a metallic wire if a current of 0.5 A is passed for 2
hours? (Given : 1F = 96,500 C mol–1)
(iii) Explain the following with reason :
(a) Chlorine can displace iodine from KI solution but iodine can not displace bromine
from KBr solution.
(b) Following reaction is possible or not.
Hg + H 2 SO 4 $ HgSO 4 + H 2
(a) DIBAL − H
(c) CH 3 − CH = CH − CN (b ) H 2 O
?
(ii) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds :
(a) Butanal and Butan-2-one.
(b) Benzoic acid and Phenol.
o
(i) An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C3H7NO on heating with Br2 and
KOH forms a compound (B), compound (B), on heating with CHCl3 and alcoholic KOH
produces a foul smelling compound (C) and on reacting with C6H5SO2Cl forms a compound
(D) which is soluble in alkali. Write the structures of (A), (B), (C) and (D).
(ii) Give reasons to support the answer :
(a) Presence of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes and ketones is essential for aldol condensations.
(b) 3-Hydroxy pentan-2-one shows positive result to Tollen’s test.
******
Sample Paper 2
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Acetic acid reacts with hydrazoic acid at 0° in the presence of conc. H2 SO 4 to give:
(a) methyl amine (b) methyl cyanide
(c) ethylamine (d) methane
4. The rate constant for the reaction, A + 2B $ product is expressed by R = 6A @68 @2 The order of
reaction will be:
(a) 6 (b) 5
(c) 2 (d) 3
What do you infer about NaCl and KCl from the graph?
(a) NaCI and KCl are strong electrolytes
(b) Na + (aq.) has less conductance than K + (aq) due to less hydration
(c) NaCl and KCl are weak electrolytes
(d) Na + (aq.) has more conductance than K + (aq)
(i) (ii)
(iii)
8. Phenol does not undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction easily due to:
(a) instability of phenoxide ion
(b) acidic nature of phenol
(c) partial double bond character of C—OH bond
(d) partial double bond character of C—C bond
9. The time required for the half-completion (t1/2 ) of a first order reaction is:
(a) independent of its initial concentration
(b) dependent on square root of its initial concentration
(c) dependent on its initial concentration
(d) inversely proportional to its initial concentration
10. Which of the following isomer has the highest melting point?
(a) 1, 4-dichlorobenzene
(b) 1, 2-dichlorobenzene
(c) 1, 3-dichlorobenzene
(d) All isomers have same melting points
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : All naturally occurring α -amino acids except glycine are optically active.
Reason : Most naturally occurring amino acids have L-configuration.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
16. Assertion : Alcohols have higher boiling Points than ethers of comparable molecular masses
Reason: Alcohols and ethers are isomeric in nature
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Define molar conductivity for the solution of an electrolyte. How does it vary with concentration?
18. Consider the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium which is catalysed by
iodide ions.
OH2
2H 2 O 2 2H 2 O + O 2
This reaction takes place in two steps as given below :
Step-I : H 2 O 2 + I− $ H 2 O + IO− (Show)
Step-II : H 2 O 2 + IO− $ H 2 O + I− + O 2 (fast)
(i) Write the rate law expression and determine the order of reaction w.r.t. H2 O2
(ii) What is the molecularity of each individual step?
19. Glucose and sucrose are soluble in water but cyclohexane and benzene (simple six membered
ring compounds) are insoluble in water. Explain.
o
What type of bonding helps in stabilising the α -helix structure of proteins? Explain
20. CH3CHO is more reactive than CH3COCH3 towards reaction with HCN. Why?
21. Write the IUPAC name and geometrical isomer of 6Pt ^NH3h2 Cl2@ .
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Analyse the given graph, drawn between concentration of reactant νs time.
26. Determine the structure and magnetic behaviour of 6Fe ^CNh6@4- ion on the basis of valence bond
theory.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The four colligative properties of the dilute solutions help in calculating the molecular mass
of the solute which is often called observed molecular mass. It may be same as the theoretical
molecular mass (calculated from the molecular formula) if the solute behaves normally in
solution. In case, it undergoes association or dissociation, the observed molar mass gives
different results. The nature of the solute in solution is expressed in terms of van’t Hoff factor
(i) which may be 1 (if the solute behaves normally), less than 1 (if the solute associates) and
more than 1 (if the solute dissociates). The extent of association or dissociation is represented
by cc which is:
i−1
a= i-1
(1/n − 1) or (for dissociation)
n-1
(for association)
Based on the above passage, answer the following questions :
(i) What is common in all the four colligative properties?
(ii) What is the expected value of van’t Hoff factor for K 4 8Fe ^CNh6B when it completely dissociates
in water?
(iii) What is the value of van’t Hoff factor fora dilute solution of K 2 SO 4 in water?
o
(iv) In the determination of molar mass of A+ B using colligative property, what will be the
van’t Hoff factor if the solute is 40% dissociated?
30. Polysaccharides may be very large molecules. Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are examples
of polysaccharides.
Starch is the stored form of sugars in plants and is made up of amylose and amylopectin
(both polymers of glucose). Amylose is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed into glucose
units breaking glycosidic bonds, by the enzymes a -amylase and β - amylase. It is straight chain
polymer. β - mylopectin is a branched chain polymer of several D-glucose molecules. 80% of
amylopectin is present in starch. Plants are able to synthesize glucose, and the excess glucose is
stored as starch in different plant parts, including roots and seeds. The starch that is consumed
by animals is broken down into smaller molecules, such as glucose.
The cells can then absorb the glucose. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in humans and
other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose. It is structurally quite similar to
amylopectin. Glycogen is the animal equivalent of starch. It is stored in liver and skeletal
muscles.
Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural biopolymers. The cell walls of plants are mostly
made of cellulose, which provides structural support to the cell. Wood and paper are mostly
cellulosic in nature.
Like amylose, cellulose is a linear polymer of glucose. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers
that are linked by bonds between particular carbon atoms in the glucose molecule. Every
other glucose monomer in cellulose is flipped over and packed tightly as extended long chains.
This gives cellulose its rigidity and high tensile strength—which is so important to plant cells.
Cellulose passing through our digestive system is called dietary fiber.
Based on the above passage, answer the following questions:
(i) Glycogen is a kind of polysaccharide and is the storage form of glucose present in humans
and other vertebrates. It is the animal equivalent of starch but can you say where is it
stored in animals?
(ii) What can you infer about the characteristic of amylose from the passage?
(iii) Whenever glucose levels drop in our body, a bipolymer breaks down to release glucose.
Name this bipolymer and it is structurally similar to which polymer?
o
(iv) Which polymer is important to plant cells? How?
Section-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. (i) Write down complete equation for the following reactions:
(a) Oxidation of Fee’ by 0.203- in acidic medium.
(b) Oxidation of 5203- by KMnO4 (aq) neutral.
(c) Decomposition of oxalate in the presence of KMnO4 in acidic medium.
(ii) Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of the lanthanoids with special reference to :
(a) Electronic configuration. (b) Atomic and ionic sizes.
(c) Oxidation state. (d) Chemical reactivity.
32. (i) Give the mechanism for the formation of ethanol from ethene.
(ii) Predict the reagent for carrying out the following conversions:
(a) Phenol to benzoquinone.
(b) Anisole to p-bromoanisole.
(c) Phenol to 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol.
o
(i) Write the product(s) in the following reactions:
(a)
CH 3
(b) ;
HI
H 3 − CH − O − CH 2 − CH 3 ?+?
PCC
(c) CH 3 − CH = CH − CH 2 − OH ?
(ii) Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(a) Ethanol and Phenol.
(b) Propanol and 2-methylpropan-2-ol.
o
(i) Out of the following pairs, predict with reason which pair will allow greater conduction of
electricity:
(a) Silver wire at 30°C or silver wire at 60°C.
(b) 0.1 M CH3COOH solution or 1 M CH3COOH solution.
(c) KG solution at 20°C or KCl solution at 50°C.
(ii) Give two points of differences between electrochemical and electrolytic cells.
******
Sample Paper 3
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Electrolytic reduction of nitrobenzene in strongly acidic medium gives the final product:
(a) p -aminophenol (b) azobenzene
(c) aniline (d) phenyl hydroxyl amine
2. The value of rate constant for a first order reaction is 2.303 # 10-2 s-1 . What will be the time
required to reduce the concentration to 1/10th of its initial concentration ?
(a) 10 s (b) 2303 s
(c) 23.03 s (d) 100 s
3. Long time nitration of phenol with mixture of conc. HNO3 and concentrated H2SO4 gives:
(a) picric acid (b) o -nitrophenol
(c) nitrobenzene (d) p -nitrophenol
5. Which of the following energy level diagram for [FeF6]3– is correct on the basis of crystal field
theory?
8. How much ethyl alcohol must be added to 1L of water so that the solution will freeze at –14°C
? ( K f for water = 1.86°C/mol)
(a) 10.5 mol (b) 9.5 mol
(c) 7.5 mol (d) 8.5 mol
9. The molar conductivity of KCl solutions at different concentrations at 298 K is shown in the
graph:
12. In reaction A $ B , the rate of reaction is doubled on increasing the concentration of the
reactants four times. The order of the reaction is :
(a) 12 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) Zero
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : (CH3)3COH when heated with conc. H2SO4 gives iso-butylene as the main product
and not di-tertiary butyl ether.
Reason : All alcohols readily dehydrates with conc. H2SO4.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
14. Assertion : In presence of enzyme, substrate molecule can be attacked by the reagent effectively.
Reason : Active sites of enzymes hold the substrate molecule in a suitable position.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. [Fe(CN)6]4– and [Fe(H2O)6]2– are of different colours in dilute solutions. Why?
19. HgO decomposes on heating but MgO does not. Explain with reason.
20. For the reaction 2N 2 O 5 (g) $ 4NO 2 (g) + O 2 (g), the rate of formation of NO2(g) is 2.8 # 10-3 M s-1 .
Calculate the rate of disappearance of N2O5(g).
o
What do you mean by rate of a reaction? For the reaction NO 2 (g) + CO (g) $ CO 2 (g) + NO (g),
the proposed mechanism is as follows :
(i) NO 2 + NO 2 $ NO + NO 3 (slow)
(ii) NO 3 + CO $ CO 2 + NO 2 (fast)
What is the velocity (rate) of reaction?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. In a reaction 2N 2 O 5 (g) $ 4NO 2 (g) + O 2 (g), the concentration of N2O5 decreases from 0.5 mol L–1
to 0.4 mol L–1 in 10 minutes, Calculate the average rate of this reaction and rate of production
of NO2 during this period.
26. (i) At low pressure and high temperature, water evaporates rapidly, why?
(ii) Calculate the molality of a solution when 20 g NaOH is dissolved in 440 g of solvent.
(ii)
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Molar conductivity of a solution is the conductance of solution containing one mole of electrolyte,
kept between two electrodes having unit length between them and large cross-sectional area,
so as to contain the electrolyte. In other words, molar conductivity is the conductance of the
electrolytic solution kept between the electrodes of a conductivity cell at unit distance but
having area of cross-section large enough to accommodate sufficient volume of solution that
contains one mole of the electrolyte.
It is denoted by Λ m .
The molar conductivity is related to conductivity as:
Λ m = k # V = 1000 # k = k # 1000
C Molarity
Unity of Λ m (molar conductivity) shall be ohm–1 cm–1 mol–1 or S cm2 mol–1.
Thus, knowing molar concentration (C ) and conductivity (k ), Λ m can be calculated. Λc m is
called molar conductivity at infinite dilution. The molar conductivity of strong electrolytes is
found to vary with concentration according to the equation,
ΛCm = Λc m − A C
This equation is called Debye-Huckel Onsager equation.
Here, A is constant depending upon the type of electrolyte taken and nature of solvent and
temperature.
In the context of given passage, answer the following questions:
(i) The molar conductivity of HCl increases with dilution. Can you suggest what may be the
reason for this?
(ii) Here are given the different molarities of NaCl. Which of them will exhibit the highest
molar conductivity?
30. Amines constitute an important class of organic compounds derived by replacing one or more
hydrogen atoms of ammonia molecule by alkyl/ aryl groups. Amines are usually formed from
nitro compounds, halides, amides, etc. They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influences their
physical properties. Alkyl amines are found to be stronger bases than ammonia. In aromatic
amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups, respectively increase and decrease their
basic character. Reactions of amines are governed by availability of the unshared pair or
electrons on nitrogen. Influence of the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom on the type
of reactions and nature of products is responsible for identification and distinction between
primary, secondary and tertiary amines. Reactivity of aromatic amines can be controlled by
acylation process.
In the context of given passage, answer the following questions :
(i) Why does aniline not give Friedel-Crafts reaction?
(ii) Arrange the following in the increasing order of their pKb values :
C6H5NH2, NH3, C2H5NH2, (CH3)3N
(iii) How can you distinguish between CH3CH2NH2 and (CH3CH2)2 NH by Hinsberg test?
o
(iv) Write the structures of A and B in the following reactions:
(a)
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. (i) Calculate the mass of Ag deposited at cathode when a current of 2 amperes was passed
through a solution of AgNO3 for 15 minutes.
(Given : Molar mass of Ag = 108 g mol−1 , 1F = 96500 C mol−1 )
(ii) What do you mean by fuel cell?
(iii) Write Cu, Na, Mg and Ag in the decreasing order of electrochemical series with the help
of the following reactions :
******
Sample Paper 4
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. The half-life for a first order reaction is 4 minutes. The time after which 99.9% reaction gets
completed is:
(a) 32 minutes (b) 40 minutes
(c) 16 minutes (d) 8 minutes
3. In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc. H2SO4 and conc. HNO3, the species which
initiate the reaction is ______.
(a) NO+ (b) NO2
(c) NO -2 (d) NO +2
4. The reagent with which acetaldehyde and acetone both react easily is:
(a) Grignard reagent (b) Schiff’s reagent
(c) Tollen’s reagent (d) Fehling solution
5. o-hydroxy benzyl alcohol when reacted with PCl3 gives the product as (IUPAC name):
(a) o- hydroxy-benzyl chloride (b) o-chloromethylchlorobenzene
(c) 4-hydroxymethylphenol (d) 2- chloromethylphenol
6. The relationship between rate constant and half-life period for a first order reaction is:
(a) t1/2 = 0.693k (b) t1/2 = k/0.693
t
(c) t1/2 = 0.693 (d) k = 0.693
1/2
k
7. The following curve is obtained when molar conductivity λ m (y -axis) is plotted against the
square root of concentration C1/2 ( x -axis) for two electrolytes A and B .
What can you infer about the nature of the two electrolytes A and B ?
(a) A is weak electrolyte and B is strong electrolyte
(b) A is strong electrolyte and B is weak electrolyte
(c) A and B both are strong electrolytes
(d) A and B both are weak electrolytes
8. KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline medium. When alkaline KMnO4 is treated with
KI, iodide ion is oxidised to:
(a) IO– (b) I2
(c) lO -4 (d) IO -3
9. The magnitude of CFSE (crystal field splitting energy, T 0 ) can be related to the configuration
of d -orbital in a coordination entity as:
(a) if T 0 < P , the configuration is t 23g e g1 = week field ligand and high spin complex
(b) if T 0 > P , the configuration is t 24g e g0 = strong field ligand and high spin complex
(c) if T 0 > P , the configuration is t 23g e g1 = strong field ligand and low spin complex
(d) if T 0 = P , the configuration is t 24g e g1 = strong field ligand and high spin complex
10. Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with phenol in weakly alkaline medium to give:
(a) p -hydroxyphenol (b) Chlorobenzene
(c) Biphenyl ether (d) Benzene
Which of the following is the correct order of reactivity towards SN2 reaction?
(a) I > III > II (b) II > I > III
(c) II > III > I (d) III > I > II
12. Consider the given figure and mark the correct option.
(a) Activation energy of both forward and backward reaction is E1 + E2 and reactant is more
stable than product.
(b) Activation energy of forward reaction is E1 + E2 and product is less stable than reactant.
(c) Activation energy of forward reaction is E1 + E2 and product is more stable than reactant.
(d) Activation energy of backward reaction is E1 and product is more stable than reactant.
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : Aliphatic amines are weaker bases than ammonia and aromatic amines are stronger
bases than ammonia.
Reason : + / − effect of alkyl groups on aliphatic amines increase the electron density on nitrogen
atom. Aromatic amines are weaker due to electron withdrawing nature of the aryl group.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
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Page 4 NODIA Sample Paper 4 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
15. Assertion : Actinoids form relatively less stable complexes as compared to lanthanides.
Reason : Actinoids can utilise their 5f orbitals along with 6d orbitals in bonding, but lanthanoids
do not use their 4f orbital for bonding.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(d) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
18. A compound (A) on oxidation gives B (C 2 H 4 O 2), (A) reacts with dil. NaOH and on subsequent
heating forms (C). The compound (C) on catalytic hydrogenation gives (D). Identify A, B, C,
D and write down the reaction involved.
21. Write all the geometrical isomers of [Pt (NH 3) (Br) (Cl) (Py)] and how many of these will exhibit
optical isomers?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. How will you distinguish between the following pairs of compounds ?
(i) Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride
(ii) Benzyl chloride and chlorobenzene.
23. Show that for a first order reaction, time required for completion of 99% of reaction is twice the
time required for completion of 90% of reaction.
25. (i) Write the IUPAC name of the following complex : K 2 [PdCl 4]
(ii) Using crystal field theory, write the electronic configuration of d 5 ion, if To > P .
(iii) What are homoleptic complexes?
27. The boiling point of solution obtained by dissolving 6 g urea (NH2CONH2) in 200 g water, is
100.28C. What will be the freezing point of this solution? For water molal elevation constant
and molal depression constant are respectively 0.52°C molal-1 and 1.86°C molal-1.
(ii) Write the structure of the product when chlorobenzene is treated with methyl chloride in
the presence of sodium metal and dry ether.
(iii) Write the structure of the alkene formed by dehydrohalogenation of 1-bromo-1-
methylcyclohexane with alcoholic KOH.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
What do you infer about the temperature variation of curve with solubility process?
(ii) On what factor does the maximum amount of a solid solute that can be dissolved in a
specified amount of a given liquid solvent not depend upon?
(iii) What is the molality of a sulphuric acid solution in which mole fraction of water is 0.85?
o
How much amount of salt is contained in 1000 g of a 4% solution of salt?
30. The basic chemical formula of DNA is now well established. As shown in figure, it consists
of a very long chain, the backbone of which is made up of alternate sugar and phosphate
groups, joined together in regular 3l5l phosphate di-ester linkages. To each sugar is attached a
nitrogenous base, only four different kinds of which are commonly found in DNA.
Two of these–adenine and guanine are purines, and the other two thymine and cytosine are
pyrimidines. A fifth base, 5-methyl cytosine, occurs in smaller amounts in certain organisms, and
a sixth, 5-hydroxy-methyl-cytosine, is found instead of cytosine in the T even phages. It should be
noted that the chain is unbranched, a consequence of the regular intemucleotide linkage. On the
other hand the sequence of the different nucleotides is, as far as can be ascertained, completely
irregular. Thus, DNA has some features which are regular, and some which are irregular. A
similar conception of the DNA molecule as a long thin fibre is obtained from physicochemical
analysis involving sedimentation, diffusion, light scattering, and viscosity measurements. These
techniques indicated that DNA is a very asymmetrical structure approximately 20. A wide and
many thousands of angstorms long. Estimates of its molecular weight currently center between
5 # 106 and 107 (approximately 3 # 10 4 nucleotides). Surprisingly each of these measurements
tend to suggest that the DNA is relatively rigid, a puzzling finding in view of the large number
of single bonds (5 per nucleotide) in the phosphate-sugar back bone. Recently these indirect
inferences have been confirmed by electron microscopy.
Based on the above passage answer the following questions:
(i) A nitorgenous based is attached to each sugar and only four of its kinds are commonly
found in DNA. Name the purines present in DNA.
(ii) Which of the four kinds of nitrogenous bases commonly found in DNA has been replaced
in some organisms?
(iii) As shown in figure, DNA has a long chain. What is the backbone of DNA made up of and
how is it joined?
o
As given, DNA has some regular and some irregular features. Which features of DNA are
regular and which are irregular? Which analysis provide the same concept of DNA?
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. A, B and C are three non-cyclic functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular
formula C 4 H 8 O . Isomers A and C give positive Tollen’s test whereas isomer B does not give
Tollen’s test but gives positive lodoform test. Isomers A and B on reduction with Zn (Hg)/
Conc. HCl give the same product D .
(i) Write the structure of A, B , C and D .
(ii) Out of A, B and C isomers, which one is least reactive towards addition of HCN?
o
An alkene ‘A’ (Mol. formula C5H10) on ozonolysis gives a mixture of two compounds ‘B’ and
‘C’. Compound ‘B’ gives positive Fehling’s test and also forms iodoform on treatment with I2
and NaOH. Compound ‘C’ does not give Fehling’s test but forms iodoform.
(i) Identify the compounds A, B and C.
(ii) Write the reaction for ozonolysis and formation of iodoform from B and C.
33. (i) Write the cell reaction and calculate the emf of the following cell at 298 K :
Sn (s) y Sn2+ (0.004 M) z H+ (0.020 M) y H 2 (g) (1 bar)
y Pt (s)
******
Sample Paper 5
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
3. If the rate of a reaction is expressed by, Rate = k A 2 B . Then the order of reaction will be
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 1 (d) 0
(c) t1 2 \ a 2 (d) t1 2 \ 1
a2
6. Copper sulphate solution on treatment excess of KI gives white precipitate. The precipitate is
(a) CuI 2 (b) Cu 2 I 2
(c) Cu 2 SO 4 (d) I 2
7. An organic compound reacts with benzene sulfonyl chloride and product dissolves in aqueous
NaOH. The compound is –
9. The van’t Hoff’s factor of 0.1 M Ba ^NO 3h2 solution is 2.74. The degree of association is -
(a) 91.3% (b) 87%
(c) 100% (d) 74%
10. A dilute aqueous solution of sodium fluoride is electrolysed; the products at the anode and
cathode are :
(a) F2 , Na (b) F2 , H2
(c) O 2 , Na (d) O 2 , H 2
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : SN2 reaction of an optically active aryl halide with an aqueous solution of KOH
always gives an alcohol with opposite sign of rotation.
Reason : SN2 reactions always proceed with retention of configuration.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
14. Assertion : DNA as well as RNA molecules are found in the nucleus of a cell.
Reason : On heating, the enzymes do not lose their specific activity.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
15. Assertion : The rate of the reaction is the rate of change of concentration of a reactant or a
product.
Reason : Rate of reaction remains constant during the course of reaction.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. State the main advantage of molality over molarity as the unit of concentration.
19. If in a chemical reaction A + B $ product, rate law is given by R = K 6A@2 6B@2 , find the
1 3
order of reaction.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Differentiate between molarity and molality of a solution. How can we change molality value of
a solution into molarity value?
25. What are the characteristics of the transition elements and why are they called transition
elements? Which of the d -block elements may not be regarded as the transition elements?
26. Give the structures and IUPAC names of products expected from the following reactions :
1. Catalytic reduction of butanal.
2. Hydration of propene in presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.
3. Reaction of propanone with methyl magnesium bromide followed by hydrolysis.
27. How will you distinguish between methanoic acid and ethanoic acid?
o
What are aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. There are 13 vitamins known till today. Four of which are fat soluble (A, D, E, K) and rest
of which are water soluble (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C). Let’s know the history how
vitamins were discovered. By the end of mid-1800 scientists had discovered that pathogens
caused various diseases. It was assumed that patchy skin, falling eye-sight etc. is also caused
by germs instead of vitamin deficiency. Dutch Bio Scientist Dr. Christiaan Eijkman reported in
1895, that chickens that ate polished rice developed beri-beri. He was awarded Noble Prize in
1929 for his contribution in discovery of vitamins. ‘Vita’ (Latin—for important to life), amine
(a specific group which Funk believed is present in all vitamins). In the beginning vitamin C
was called Scurvy Vitamin, Vitamin-B was called Beri-Beri vitamin when rats were fed a diet
heavy in lard and olive oil, they died but with the addition of tiny amount of butter fat they
survived. McCollum called vitamin in butter fat. Fat soluble Vitamin A, Vitamin B12 and
Vitamin D were discovered later. Now we also know vitamin E, K and H also.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Name four vitamins that are stored in liver and adipose (fat storing) tissues.
(b) Out of B, C and B12 which vitamin cannot be stored in our body and why?
(c) Name a vitamin which helps in blood clotting and name source of this vitamin.
o
(d) Name a vitamin which is fat soluble and anti-oxidant. What are sources of this vitamin
and its deficiency disease?
30. Electrolytes dissociate into ions. In case of electrolytes if we determine their molar mass using
colligative property, the value of molar mass is found to be abnormal because colligative
property depends on number of ions. Greater the number of ions, more will be colligative
property. van’t Hoff factor(i ) is ratio of normal molar mass to the abnormal molar mass. It is
also equal to ratio of observed colligative property to the calculated colligative property.
A student determined value of i at various concentration of NaCl, KCl, MgSO4 and K2SO4. The
values are given in the following table.
Table: Values of van’t Hoff factor, i , at Various Concentrations for NaCl, KCl, MgSO4 and
K2SO4.
Salt Values of i van’t Hoff Factor i for complete
0.1 m 0.01 m 0.001 m dissociation of solute
NaCl 1.87 1.94 1.97 2.00
KCl 1.85 1.94 1.98 2.00
MgSO4 1.21 1.82 1.82 2.00
K2SO4 2.32 2.84 2.84 3.00
* represent i values for incomplete dissociation. Answer the following questions based on above
table.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. How would you determine the standard electrode potential of Mg2+ ; Mg ?
o
Explain Nernst equation.
(iv) CH 3 - NH - CH 2 CH 3
(vii) NH 2 − CH 2 − CH = CH 2
(viii) NH 2 - (CH 2) 6 - NH 2
******
Sample Paper 6
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Enzyme is:
(a) Carbohydrate (b) Lipid
(c) Proteins (d) None of these
5. Which one of the following will produce maximum depression of freezing point?
(a) K2 SO4 (b) NaCl
(c) Urea (d) Glucose
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Page 2 NODIA Sample Paper 6 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
9. Which of the following aqueous solution should have the highest boiling point?
(a) 1.0 M NaOH (b) 1.0 M Na 2 SO 4
(c) 1.0 M NH 4 NO 3 (d) 1.0 M KNO 3
10. What are the products formed by the chlorination of methane in diffused sunlight?
(a) CCl 4 (b) CH 2 Cl 2
(c) CHCl 3 (d) All of these
12. The rate of the reaction 2N 2 O 5 $ 4NO 2 + O 2 can be written in three ways:
d [N 2 O 5]
− = k [N 2 O 5]
dt
d [NO 2]
= kl [N 2 O 5]
dt
d [O 2]
= k m [N 2 O 5]
dt
The relationship between k and kl and between k and km are
(a) kl = 2k; kl = k (b) kl = 2k; k m = k
2
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
15. Assertion : According to transition state theory for the formation of an activated complex. one
of the vibrational degree of freedom.
Reason : Energy of the activated complex is higher than the energy of reactant molecules.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. (i) What happens when iodoform is heated with silver powder? Write the chemical equation.
(ii) Out of ethyl bromide and ethyl chloride which has higher boiling point and why?
23. How is standard Gibbs energy of a reaction is related to its equilibrium constant ?
25. Write the electronic configuration of Cu+ and also draw the figure.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Oxidation of Aldehydes and Ketones (Popoff’s Rule)Aldehydes differ from ketones in their
oxidation reactions.
Aldehydes are easily oxidised to carboxylic acids on treatment with common oxidising agents
like HNO3, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, etc. Even mild oxidising agents mainly Tollen’s reagent, Fehling’s
solution, Benedict reagents, also oxidise aldehydes.
Ketones are difficult to oxidise. They are oxidised by strong oxidising agents at elevated temperature.
Their oxidation involves C—C cleavage to form mixture of carboxylic acids. The oxidation of
ketones is governed by Popoff’s rule. ‘In unsymmetrical ketones, on oxidation of ketones to
Ketones do not react with Tollen’s reagent and Fehling’s solutions. Methyl ketones give yellow
precipitate of iodoform with I2 and NaOH. Ketones can be oxidised by haloform reaction if
they have one methyl group.
Answer the following questions:
(a) Why is it difficult to oxidise ketone as compared to aldehyde?
(b) What happens when 3-methyl-pentan-2-one reacts with sodium hypochlorite? Write
chemical reaction involved?
(c) A compound A C5H10O does not give silver mirror with Tollen’s reagent, it gives iodoform
test with I2 /NaOH. Write possible structures of compounds and write the chemical
reactions involved.
o
(d) What happens when :
(i) Pentan-2-one is oxidised with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4(conc.) on heating.
(ii) Acetophenone is oxidised on heating with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4(conc).
30. Most distinctive properties of transition metal complexes is their wide range of colours. The
colour of complex is complementary to that which is absorbed. The complementary colour is
the colour generated from the wavelength left over. The following table gives the relationship
of the different wavelength absorbed and the colour observed.
Table : Relationship between the Wavelength of Light absorbed and the Colour observed in
some Coordination Entities Coordination entity
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Page 6 NODIA Sample Paper 6 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
33. What are the shortcomings of valence bond theory for bonding in complexes? Briefly describe
the crystal field theory.
o
Briefly describe the importance of coordination compounds in:
(i) Qualitative analysis, (ii) Extraction of metals, (iii) Biological systems
******
Sample Paper 7
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Adenosine is an example of
(a) Nucleotide (b) Pyrimidine base
(c) Nucleoside (d) Purine base
8. The most common oxidation state shown by 1st row of transition elements is :
(a) (+II) (b) (+III)
(c) (+IV) (d) all of these
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol with CCl4 in NaOH at 340 K gives salicylic acid
as the major product.
Reason : The reaction occurs through intermediate formation of di-chlorocarbene.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Explain why aquatic species are more comfortable in cold water rather than in warm water.
18. Why is Cr2+ reducing and Mn3+ oxidising when both have d 4 configuration?
Ans :
Cr2+ is reducing because after the loss of one electron its configuration changes from d 4 to d 3
, the latter having a half filled t2g level (see next unit). Mn3+ is oxidising because after taking
one electron its configuration changes form d 4 to d 5 (Mn3+ to Mn2+ ) configuration which has
extra stability transition elements.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Why Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury are not regarded as transition elements?
24. Why does vapour pressure of a liquid decrease with addition of a non volatile solid solute?
25. What are the products obtained at the cathode and anode during the electrolysis of the
following when platinum electrodes are used in the electrolysis
(a) Molten KCl
(b) Aq. CuSO 4 solution
(c) Aq. K 2 SO 4 solution
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. In the 1880s, French chemist François-Marie Raoult discovered that when a substance is dissolved
in a solution, the vapor pressure of the solution will generally decrease. This observation
depends on two variables:
(i) the mole fraction of the amount of dissolved solute present and
(ii) the original vapor pressure (pure solvent).
At any given temperature for a particular solid or liquid, there is a pressure at which the vapor
formed above the substance is in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid or solid form. This is the
vapor pressure of the substance at that temperature. At equilibrium, the rate at which the solid
or liquid evaporates is equal to the rate that the gas is condensing back to its original form. All
solids and liquids have a vapor pressure, and this pressure is constant regardless of how much
of the substance is present.
Answer the following questions :
(a) What is the value of TH mixing and TVmixing for an ideal solution?
(b) Do the intermolecular forces between A and B are weaker or stronger than that between
A - A and B - B in an non-ideal solution with positive deviation ?
(c) Give an example of non-ideal solution with negative deviation. Give an example of ideal
solution.
o
(d) Write the expression for the pressure of non ideal solution with positive and negative
deviations.
30. The sequence of bases along the DNA and RNA chain establishes its primary structure which
controls the specific properties of the nucleic acid. An RNA molecule is usually a single chain
of ribose-containing nucleotide. On the basis of X-ray analysis of DNA, J.D., Watson and
F.H.C. Crick (shared noble prize in 1962) proposed a three dimensional secondary structure for
DNA. DNA molecule is a long and highly complex, spirally twisted, double helix, ladder like
structure. The two polynucleotide chains or strands are linked up by hydrogen bonding between
the nitrogeneous base molecules of their nucleotide monomers. Adenine (purine) always links
with thymine (pyrimidine) with the help of two hydrogen bonds and guanine (purine) with
cytosine (pyrimidine) with the help of three hydrogen bonds. Hence, the two strands extend in
opposite directions, i.e., are antiparallel and complimentary.
Answer the following questions :
(a) What information is given by primary structure of DNA?
(b) Name the types of nitrogeneous bases present in nucleic acids.
(c) Write the structural and functional difference between DNA and RNA.
o
(d) Name the bases present in RNA. Which one of these is not present in DNA?
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
33. (i) Draw all the possible isomers having the formula Cr [(NH 3) 4 Cl 2] + .
(ii) Illustrate the following with an example:
(a) Linkage isomerism
(b) Coordination isomerism.
(iii) Why is [NiCl 4] 2- is paramagnetic (Ni = 28 )?
o
Explain bonding in coordination compounds with the help of crystal field theory.
******
Sample Paper 8
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
3. When one Faraday of electric current is passed, the mass deposited, equal to
(a) One gram equivalent (b) One gram mole
(c) Electrochemical equivalent (d) Half gram equivalent
5. If the rate of the reaction is equal to the rate constant, the order of the reaction is
(a) 3 (b) 0
(c) 1 (d) 2
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Page 2 NODIA Sample Paper 8 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
6. Lucas reagent is
(a) Conc. HCl and anhydrous ZnCl 2 (b) Conc. HNO 3 and hydrous ZnCl 2
(c) Conc. HCl and hydrous ZnCl 2 (d) Conc. HNO 3 and anhydrous ZnCl 2
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
16. Assertion : In rate law, unlike in the expression for equilibrium constants, the exponents for
concentrations do not necessarily match the stoichiometric coefficients.
Reason : It is the mechanism and not the balanced chemical equation for the overall change
that governs the reaction rate.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
18. Write general expression for the amount of the substance left after n half lives.
o
You are given benzene, conc. H 2 SO 4 and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of
phenol using these reagents.
(i)
(ii) CH 3 CH 2 CH = CH 2 + HBr $
(ii) ..................
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. What is the effect of temperature on the rate constant of reaction? How can this temperature
effect on the rate constant be represented quantitatively?
25. How would you account for the irregular variation of ionization enthalpies (first and second) in
the first series of the transition elements?
27. An organic compound (A) (molecular formula C 8 H 16 O 2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric
acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid
produced (B). (C) on dehydration gives but-1-ene. Write equation for the reactions involved.
o
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The substitution reaction of alkyl halide mainly occurs by S N 1 or S N 2 mechanism. Whatever
mechanism alkyl halides follow for the substitution reaction to occur, the polarity of the carbon
halogen bond is responsible for these substitution reactions. The rate of S N 1 reactions are
governed by the stability of carbocation whereas for S N 2 reactions steric factor is the deciding
factor. If the starting material is a chiral compound, we may end up with an inverted product
or racemic mixture depending upon the type of mechanism followed by alkyl halide. Cleavage
of ethers with HI is also governed by steric factor and stability of carbocation, which indicates
that in organic chemistry, these two major factors help us in deciding the kind of product
formed.
Answer The following questions :
(a) Out of chlorobenzene and benzyl chloride, which one gets easily hydrolysed by aqueous
NaOH and why?
(b) Predict the stereochemistry of the product formed if an optically active alkyl halide
undergoes substitution reaction by S N 1 mechanism.
(c) Following compounds are given to you : 2-Bromopentane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane,
1-Bromopentane
(i) Write the compound which is most reactive towards S N 2 reaction.
(ii) Write the compound which is optically active.
o
(d) What are the points of similarities between S N 1 and S N 2 reactions?
o
(d) What is the total pressure of the system after 9 minutes?
= 169.3 + 2 # 27.38 = 224.06
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. Predict giving reasons, the order of basicity of the following compounds is
(i) gaseous phase and
(ii) in aqueous solution (CH 3) 3 N, (CH 3) 2 N, CH 3 NH 2, NH 3
33. How would you account for the fact that [Fe (CN 6)] 3- is weakly paramagnetic while [Fe (CN) 6] 4-
is diamagnetic?
There is no unpaired electron therefore it is diamagnetic.
o
How does valence bond theory explain the bonding in the following complexes of nickel:
(i) [NiCl 4] 2- is tetrahedral
(ii) [Ni (CN) 4] 2- is square planar
(iii) [Ni (CO) 4] is tetrahedral?
******
Sample Paper 9
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
6. In test for primary amines, the amine is treated with CHCl 3 and KOH and a bad smelling
compound is formed. If the primary amine used is ethylamine, identify the bad smelling
compound formed?
(a) CH 3 CN (b) CH 3 CNO
(c) CH 3 CH 2 NC (d) CH 3 NCO
10. In the Haber process for the manufacture of ammonia the following catalyst is used
(a) platinized asbestos
(b) iron with molybdenum as promoter
(c) copper oxide
(d) alumina
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : If the activation energy of a reaction is zero, temperature will have no effect on the
rate constant.
Reason : Lower the activation energy, faster is the reaction.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
16. In what way is the electronic configuration of transition metals different from non-transition
metals?
17. The decomposition of dimethyl ether leads to formation of CH 4 , H 2 and CO and the reaction
rate is given by Rate = K [PCH OCH ] 3/2 . If the pressure is measured in bar and time in minutes
3 3
then what are the units of the rate and rate constants ?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. Why is the Ec value for the Mn3+ /Mn2+ couple much more
positive than that of Cr3+ /Cr2+ or Fe3+ /Fe2+ ? Explain.
24. An organic compound (A) (molecular formula (C 8 H 16 O 2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric
acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C) Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid
produced (B). (C) on dehydration gives but-2-ene as the major product. Write equation for the
reaction involved.
o
Write difference between aldehyde and ketone.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
27. In a reaction, the rates of disappearance of different reactants or rates of formation of different
products may not be equal but rate of reaction at any instant of time has the same value
expressed in terms of any reactant or product. Further, the rate of reaction may not depend
upon the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced chemical equation. The exact powers of
molar concentrations of reactants on which rate depends are found experimentally and expressed
in terms of ‘order of reaction: Each reaction has a characteristic rate constant depends upon
temperature. The units of the rate constant depend upon the order of reaction.
Answer the following questions :
(a) The rate constant of a reaction is found to be 3 # 10-3 mol-2 L2 sec-1 . What is the order of
the reaction?
(b) Rate of a reaction can be expressed by following rate expression, Rate = k [A] 2 [B], if
concentration of A is increased by 3 times and concentration of B is increased by 2 times,
how many times rate of reaction increases?
(c) The rate of a certain reaction is given by, rate = k [H+]m. The rate increases 100 times when
the pH changes from 3 to 1. What is the order (n) of the reaction ?
o
(d) In a chemical reaction A + 2B " products, when concentration of A is doubled, rate of the
reaction increases 4 times and when concentration of B alone is doubled rate continues to
be the same. What is the order of the reaction ?
28. When haloalkanes with (β -hydrogen atom are boiled with alcoholic solution of KOH, they
undergo elimination of hydrogen halide resulting in the formation of alkenes. These reactions
are called (β -elimination reactions or dehydrohalogenation reactions. These reactions follow
Saytzeff’s rule. Substitution and elimination reactions often compete with each other. Mostly
bases behave as nucleophiles and therefore can engage in substitution or elimination reactions
depending upon the alkyl halide and the reaction conditions.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Which alkyl halide from the following pair is chiral and undergoes faster S N 2 reaction ?
(i)
(ii)
(b) What happens when ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH?
(c) Out of 2-bromopentane, 2-bromo-2-methylbutane, and 1-bromopentane, which compound
is most reactive towards elimination reaction and why?
o
(d) Write the mechanism of the following S N 1 reaction.
aq. NaOH
(CH 3) 3 C − Br C − OH + NaBr
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
30. Give the reactions occurring at two electrodes during electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride
solution.
o
What are fuel cells? Discuss H 2 - O 2 fuel cell. List some advantages of fuel cells over other
cells?
******
Sample Paper 10
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Regarding criteria of catalysis which one of the following statements is not true?
(a) The catalyst is unchanged chemically at the end of the reaction
(b) A small quantity of catalyst is often sufficient to bring about a considerable amount of
reaction
(c) In a reversible reaction the catalyst alters the equilibrium position
(d) The catalyst accelerates the reaction
8. Of the following transition metals, the maximum numbers of oxidation states are exhibited by:
(a) Chromium (Z = 24) (b) Manganese (Z = 25)
(c) iron (Z = 26) (d) Titanium (Z = 22)
11. The correct order of increasing basic nature for the bases NH 3 , CH 3 NH 2 and (CH 3) 2 NH is :
(a) (CH 3) 2 NH < NH 3 < CH 3 NH 2
(b) NH 3 < CH 3 NH 2 < (CH 3) NH
(c) CH 3 NH 2 < (CH) 3 NH < NH 3
(d) CH 3 NH 2 < NH 3 < (CH 3) 2 NH
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : Maltose is a reducing sugar which gives two moles of D-glucose on hydrolysis.
Reason : Maltose has 1, 4-β -glycosidic linkage.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. What is the trend in melting point of transition metals when we move left to right in a series?
18. For what reason transition metals have high melting points?
20. Give one test from which methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are distinguished.
o
How are alcohols classified?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Mention a reaction for which the exponents of concentration terms are not the same as their
stoichiometric coefficients in the rate equation.
25. What may be the stable oxidation state of the transition element with the following d electrons
configurations in the ground state of their atoms : 3d 3 , 3d 5 , 3d 8 and 3d 4 ?
3. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH
28. Why do the gases always tend to be less soluble in liquids as the temperature is raised?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Pentose and hexose undergo intramolecular hemiacetal or hemiketal formation due to
combination of the –OH group with the carbonyl group. The actual structure is either of five or
six membered ring containing an oxygen atom. In the free state all pentoses and hexoses exist
in pyranose form (resembling pyran). However, in the combined state some of them exist as five
membered cyclic structures, called furanose (resembling furan).
α - and β - D glucose have different configuration at anomeric (C - 1) carbon atom, hence are
called anomers and the C - 1 carbon atom is called anomeric carbon (glycosidic carbon). The
six membered cyclic structure of glucose is called pyranose structure.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Give the difference between α − D (+)-glucose and β − D (+) glucose ?
(b) The given carbohydrate is an α -furanose or a β -pyranose ?
30. Elevation in boiling point is the increase in boiling point when a non volatile solute is added
to the solvent.
Addition of the solute lowers the vapour pressure of solvent, hence more heat is required to
increase the vapour pressure upto the atmospheric pressure. The addition of 3 g of a substance
to 100 g CCl 4 (M = 154 g mol−1) raises the boiling point of CCl 4 by 0.60°C. Kb (CCl 4) is 5.03
K kg mol-1 .
Given : K f (CCl 4) = 31.8 K kg mol−1 and ρ (solution) = 1.64 g cm−3 .
Answer the following questions :
(a) Determine the relative lowering of vapour pressure of the solution.
(b) Determine the molar mass of the substance.
(c) What will be the freezing point depression of the solution ?
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CBSE Chemistry Class 12 NODIA Sample Paper 10 Page 7
o
(d) Define molal elevation constant for a solvent. Why is elevation of boiling point a colligative
property ?
o
(e) Molal elevation constant may be defined as the elevation in boiling point when the molality
of the solution is unity (i.e., 1 mole of the solute is dissolved in 1 kg (1000 g) of the solvent).
The units of Kb are therefore, degree/molality i.e., K/m or °C/m or K kg mol-1 . Elevation
of boiling point is a colligative property because it depends on number of solute particles
present in a solution.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. Write the chemistry of recharging the lead storage battery, highlighting all the material that
are involved during recharging.
o
What is the function of salt bridge in an electrochemical cell?
32. Discuss the nature of bonding in the following coordination entities on the basis of valence bond
theory.
(i) [Fe (CN) 6] 4-
(ii) [FeF6] 3-
(iii) [Co (C 2 O 4) 3] 3-
(iv) [CoF6] 3-
o
Explain [Co (NH 3) 6] 3+ is an inner orbital complex whereas [Ni (NH 3) 6] 2+ is an outer orbital
complex.
******
Sample Paper 11
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. Which of the following colligative property can provide molar mass of proteins (or polymers or
colloids) with greatest precision?
(a) Osmotic pressure (b) Elevation of boiling point
(c) depression of freezing point (d) Relative lowering of vapour pressure
5. A 5% solution of cane sugar (Mol. Wt = 342) is isotonic with 1% solution of substance X. The
molecular weight of X is –
(a) 68.4 (b) 34.2
(c) 171.2 (d) 136.2
9. The standard electrode potentials of four elements A, B, C and D are –3.05, –1.66, –0.40 and
+0.80. The highest chemical reactivity will be exhibited by:
(a) A (b) B
(c) C (d) D
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
15. Assertion : Ethylenediaminetetraacetate ion forms an octahedral complex with the metal ion.
Reason : It has six donor atoms which coordinate simulatneously to the metal ion.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
19. Give the similarities between > C = O and > C = C < bond.
21. Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular
masses. Explain this fact.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Give the name and chemical composition of important ores of Aluminium and Copper.
24. The atomic sizes of Fe, Co, Ni are nearly same. Explain with reason.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The study of the conductivity of electrolyte solutions is important for the development of
electrochemical devices, for the characterisation of the dissociation equilibrium of weak
electrolytes and for the fundamental understanding of charge transport by ions. The conductivity
of electrolyte is measured for electrolyte solution with concentrations in the range of 10-3 to
10-1 mol L-1 as solution in this range of concentrations can be easily prepared. The molar
conductivity (Am) of strong electrolyte solutions can be nicely fit by Kohlrausch equation.
Am = T %m − K C ...(1)
Where, T3 is the molar conductivity at infinite dilution and C is the concentration of the
%
m
solution. K is an empirical proportionality constant to be obtained from the experiment. The
molar conductivity of weak electrolytes, on the other hand, is dependent on the degree of
dissociation of the electrolyte. At the limit of very dilute solution, the Ostwald dilution law is
expected to be followed,
1 = 1 + T %m CA ...(2)
T %m T %m (T %m) 2 Kd
Where, CA is the analytical concentration of the electrolyte and Kd is dissociation constant.
The molar conductivity at infinite dilution can be decomposed into the contributions of each
ion.
T %m = V+ l %+ + V− l %− ...(3)
Where, λ + and λ - are the ionic conductivities of positive and negative ions, respectively and
V+ and λ - are their stoichiometric coefficients in the salt molecular formula.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Give reason why conductivity of CH 3 COOH decreases on dilution.
(b) The value of T %m of Al 2 (SO 4) 3 is 858 S cm2 mol-1 , while λ% SO 24- is 160 S cm2 mol-1 calculate
the limiting ionic conductivity of Al3+ .
(c) Calculate T %m for acetic acid.
Given that :
T %m (HCl) = 426 S cm2 mol−1
T %m (NaCl) = 126 S cm2 mol−1
T %m (CH 3 COONa) = 91 S cm2 mol−1
o
(d) Calculate the degree of dissociation of acetic acid at 298 K , given that :
T m (CH 3 COOH) = 11.7 S cm2 mol−1
T m (CH 3 COO-) = 49.9 S cm2 mol−1
T %m (H+) = 349.1 S cm2 mol−1
30. RCONH 2 is converted into RNH 2 by means of Hoffmann bromamide degradation. During the
reaction amide is treated with Br 2 and alkali to get amine. This reaction is used to descend the
series in which carbon atom is removed as carbonate ion (CO 2-3 ). Hoffmann bromide degradation
reaction can be written as :
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. (a) What do you mean by the term ‘Depression of freezing point’ ?
(b) State Raoult’s Law of depression of freezing point. How is it useful in determining the
molecular weight of non-volatile and non-electrolyte solute?
o
(a) What do you mean by relative lowering of vapour pressure?
(b) The relative lowering of vapour pressure of 1% solution of Aniline in Ether was 0.007.
Calculate the molecular weight of Aniline.
Sample Paper 12
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
3. The complexes 6Co ^NH 3h6@6Cr ^CNh6@ and 6Cr ^NH 3h6@6Co ^CNh6@ are the examples of which type
of isomerism ?
(a) Linkage isomerism (b) Ionisation isomerism
(c) Coordination isomerism (d) Geometrical isomerism
8. Acetamide is treated with the following reagents separately. Which one of these would yield
methylamine?
(a) NaOH - Br2 (b) Sodalime
(c) Hot con. H 2 SO 4 (d) PCl 5
11. Which reagent cannot be used to prepare an alkyl halide from an alcohol ?
(a) HCl + ZnCl 2 (b) NaCl
(c) PCl 5 (d) SOCl 2
12. Which of the following represents the correct order of the acidity in the given compounds?
(a) FCH 2 COOH > CH 3 COOH > BrCH 2 COOH > ClCH 2 COOH
(b) BrCH 2 COOH > ClCH 2 COOH >
FCH 2 COOH > CH 3 COOH
(c) FCH 2 COOH > ClCH 2 COOH >
BrCH 2 COOH > CH 2 COOH
(d) CH 3 COOH > BrCH 2 COOH >
ClCH 2 COOH > FCH 2 COOH
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : Benzene diazonium salt on boiling with water forms phenol.
Reason : C-N bond is polar.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
14. Assertion : In acidic medium, K 2 Cr 2 O 7 exists as Cr 2 O 72- (orange) while in basic medium it is
converted to CrO 2- 4 (yellow).
Assertion : K 2 Cr 2 O 7 is hygroscopic in nature and changes colour on reaction with water.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
16. Assertion : Benzene diazonium chloride does not give test for nitrogen.
Reason : Loss of N2 gas takes place during heating.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
18. Why the properties of third transition series are very similar to second transition series?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. State colligative properties of dilute solution. Write down the different types of colligative
properties.
25. Draw the structure of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C 4 H 10 O and give their IUPAC
names.
26. What are the common types of secondary (2°) structure of proteins?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones and those compounds which on hydrolysis
give such compounds are also carbohydrates. The carbohydrates which are not hydrolysed are
called monosaccharides. Monosaccharides with aldehydic group are called aldose and those
which free ketonic groups are called ketose. Carbohydrates are optically active. Number of
optical isomers = 2n .
Where n = number of asymmetric carbons. Carbohydrates are mainly synthesised by plants
during photosynthesis. The monosaccharides give the characteristic reactions of alcohols and
carbonyl group (aldehydes and ketones). It has been found that these monosaccharides exist in
the form of cyclic structures. In cyclization, the - OH groups (generally C5 or C 4 in aldohexoses
and C5 or C 6 in ketohexoses) combine with the aldehyde or keto group. As a result, cyclic
structures of five or six membered rings containing one oxygen atom are formed, e.g., glucose
forms a ring structure. Glucose contains one aldehyde group, one 1° alcoholic group and four
2° alcoholic groups in its open chain structure.
Answer the following questions :
(a) What is the name the first member of ketose sugar?
(b) How many optical isomers are present in CH 2 OH (CHOH) 4 CHO ?
(c) Write the reaction of glucose with hydroxylamine.
o
(d) How many moles of acetic anhydride are needed for acetylation of glucose? What does it
confirm?
30. A solution containing 30 g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90 g of water has a vapour pressure
of 2.8 K Pa at 298 k Further 18 g of water is added to this solution. The new vapour pressure
becomes 2.9 k Pa at 298 K When a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the surface has
molecules of solute and solvent both. Thus, the number of molecules of solvent present in upper
surface is less. The number of solvent molecules escaping from the surface is reduced.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Write down the expression for relative lowering of vapour pressure with the mole fraction
of the solute.
(b) Calculate the vapour pressure of water at 298 K.
(c) Find out the molecular mass of solute?
o
(d) Name two factors on which the vapour pressure of the liquid depends.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
31. Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of Phenol. Compare its acidity with that of
ethanol.
32. (a) Differentiate between Osmosis and diffusion. How is osmotic pressure determined by
Berkeley-Hartlay method?
(b) 18 g of glucose ^C 6 H 12 O 6h was added to 1 kg water at 1.013 bar atmospheric pressure in
a vessel. At which temperature will water boil? Kb for water is 0.52 K Kg mol-1 .
o
(a) What do you mean by the term ‘elevation of boiling point’ ?
(b) State Raoult’s law. How is it useful in determining the molecular weight of non-electrolyte
solute?
33. Arrange the compounds of each set in order of reactivity towards S N 2 displacement:
(i) (a) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane
(b) 1-Bromopentane
(c) 2-Bromopentane
(ii) (a) 1-Bromobutane-3-methylbutane
(b) 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane
(c) 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane
(iii) (a) Bromobutane
(b) 1-Bromo-2, 2-dimethylpropane
(c) 1-Bromo-2-methylbutane
(d) 1-Bromo-3-methylbutane.
o
Write the structure of the major organic product in each of the following reaction :
acetone, heat
1. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 Cl + Nal
ethanol heat
2. (CH 3) 3 CBr + KOH
Water
3. CH 3 CH (Br) CH 2 CH 3 + NaOH
aq ethanol
4. CH 3 CH 2 Br + KCN
5. C 6 H 5 ONa + C 2 H 5 Cl $
6. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH + SOCl 2 $
Peroxide
7. CH 3 CH 2 CH = CH 2 + HBr
8. CH 3 CH = C (CH 3) 2 + HBr $
******
Sample Paper 13
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
6. A catalyst is used
(a) only for increasing the velocity of the reaction
(b) for altering the velocity of the reaction
(c) Only for decreasing the velocity of the reaction
(d) All a, b and c are correct
10. Fuel cells are preferred to other energy producing devices in space because of
(a) high efficiency (b) pollution free
(c) less weight (d) all of these
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
15. Assertion : The [Ni (en)3] Cl2 (en = ethylene-diamine) has lower stability than [Ni (NH3)6]Cl2.
Reason : In [Ni (en)3]Cl2, the geometry of Ni is trigonal bipyramidal.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. No. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
18. In first transition series density increases from titanium (Z=22) to copper (Z=29). Give reason.
19. Dipole moments of aldehydes and ketones are higher than those of alcohols Explain.
20. Write the equation relating [R], [R] 0 and reaction time t for a zero order reaction. [R] =
concentration of reactant at time t and [R] 0 = initial concentration of reactant.
o
Draw the graph that relates the concentration R, of the reactant and t the reaction time for a
zero order reaction.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. No. 22-28) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. Write a reaction which shows that aldehyde group is present in glucose.
24. Explain the variation of molar conductivity with the change in the concentration of the
electrolyte. Give reasons.
25. Compare the stability of +2 oxidation state for the elements of the first transition series.
26. 1. How will you distinguish between isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol.
2. How will you distinguish between isopropyl alcohol and t-butyl alcohol.
(ii)
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. No. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an internal
choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Many gases dissolve in water, Oxygen dissolves only to small extent which sustains all aquatic
life. NH3 and HCl are highly soluble in water. Solubility of gases increases with increase in
pressure and decreases with increase in temperature.
Henry’s law states “The partial pressure of the gas in vapour phase (p) is proportional to the
mole fraction of the gas in the solution. p = KH x .”
Where, KH is Henry’s law constant. If we draw a graph between partial pressure of the gas
versus mole fraction of gas in solution, then we will get straight line as shown in graph.
Different gases have different KH values of the same temperature. This suggests, KH is a
function of nature of gas.
Answer the following questions :
(a) What is significance of KH ?
(b) What is slope of the line given in graph?
(c) (i) Why does solubility of gas in liquid decreases with increase solution in cyclohexane in
temperature?
(ii) Why are cold drinks filled with CO2 at high pressure?
o
(i) What is cause of anoxia at high altitude?
(ii) Why do scuba divers take air diluted with helium?
30. Phenols are acidic in nature. In substituted phenols, electron withdrawing groups such as —
NO2, enhances acidic strength of phenol, if —NO2 group is present at o- and p-position. It is
due to effective delocalisation of negative charge on phenoxide ion. Electron releasing groups,
such as alkyl groups, do not favour formation of phenoxide ions resulting in decrease in acid
strength e.g. cresols are less acidic than phenols.
The following table gives values of some Phenols and Ethanol.
Compound Formula pKa
o-Nitrophenol o-O2N—C6H4—OH 7.2
m-Nitrophenol m-O2N—C6H4—OH 8.3
p-Nitrophenol p-O2N—C6H4—OH 7.1
Phenol C6H5OH 10.0
o-Cresol o-CH3—C6H4—OH 10.2
m-Cresol m-CH3—C6H4—OH 10.1
p-Cresol p-CH3—C6H4—OH 10.2
Ethanol C2H5OH 15.9
Answer the following questions :
(a) From the above data, how many times phenol is more acidic than ethanol?
(b) Out of phenols given in the table, which phenol is most acidic and why?
(c)
(i) Arrange the following in increasing order of acidic strength : phenol, o-nitro phenol,
m-nitro phenol, p-nitro phenol, p-cresol
(ii) Why are phenols less acidic than carboxylic acids?
o
(i) Arrange 2, 4, 6-trinitro phenol, 3,5-dinitro phenol, 3-nitro phenol, phenol, propan-1-ol,
4-methyl phenol in increasing order of acidic character.
(ii) Convert phenol to 2, 4, 6-trinitro phenol.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. No. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. What do you mean by vapour pressure ? What happens to the vapour pressure, when (i)
volatile solute is dissolved in solution. (ii) non-volatile solute is dissolved in solution ?
o
Define osmotic pressure. Prove that osmotic pressure is a molecular property.
(i) (ii)
(iii) (iv)
******
Sample Paper 14
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
5. Units of rate constant of first and zero order reactions in terms of molarity M unit are respectively
(a) sec-1, M sec-1
(b) sec-1, M
(c) M sec-1, sec-1
(d) M, sec-1
6. The number of unpaired electrons in the complex ion 6CoF6@3- is (Atomic no.: Co=27).
(a) zero
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
8. The compound obtained by heating a mixture of a primary amine and choloroform with
ethanolic potassium hydroxide (KOH) is :
(a) an alkyl cyanide
(b) a nitro compound
(c) an alkyl isocyanide
(d) an amide
12. The reagent (s) which can be used to distinguish acetophenone from benzophenone is (are)
(a) 2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
(b) Aqueous solution of NaHSO 3
(c) Benedict reagent
(d) l 2 and Na 2 CO 3
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : The two strands of DNA are complementary to each other.
Reason : Adenine specifically forms hydrogen bonds with guanine whereas cytosine forms
hydrogen bonds with thymine.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. No. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
19. Write the integrated equation for a first order reaction in terms of [R], [R] 0 and t .
21. Write a reaction which shows the presence of a primary alcoholic (- OH ) group in glucose.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. No. 22-28) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. What is electrolysis? Give the reactions occurring at two electrodes during electrolysis of
molten sodium chloride.
24. Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in the following gaseous ions : Mn3+ , Cr3+ , V3+ and
Ti3+ . Which one of these is the most stable in aqueous solution?
27. What are essential and non essential amino acids? Give two examples of each type.
o
How do you explain the amphoteric behaviours of amino acids?
(ii) Write the structure of the product when chlorobenzene is treated with methyl chloride in
the presence of sodium metal and dry ether.
(iii) Write the structure of the alkene formed by dehydrohalogenation of 1-bromo-1-
methylcyclohexane with alcoholic KOH.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. No. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an internal
choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The basic chemical formula of DNA is now well established. As shown in figure it consists
of a very long chain, the backbone of which is made up of alternate sugar and phosphate
groups, joined together in regular 3’ 5’ phosphate di-ester linkages. To each sugar is attached a
nitrogenous base, only four different kinds of which are commonly found in DNA. Two of these—
adenine and guanine— are purines, and the other two thymine and cytosine-are pyrimidines.
A fifth base, 5-methyl cytosine, occurs in smaller amounts in certain organisms, and a sixth,
5-hydroxy-methyl-cytosine, is found instead of cytosine in the T even phages. It should be
noted that the chain is unbranched, a consequence of the regular internucleotide linkage. On the
other hand the sequence of the different nucleotides is, as far as can be ascertained, completely
irregular. Thus, DNA has some features which are regular, and some which are irregular. A
similar conception of the DNA molecule as a long thin fiber is obtained from physico-chemical
analysis involving sedimentation, diffusion, light scattering, and viscosity measurements. These
techniques indicate that DNA is a very asymmetrical structure approximately 20 A° wide and
many thousands of angstroms long. Estimates of its molecular weight currently centre between
5 # 106 and 107 (approximately 3 # 10 4 nucleotides). Surprisingly each of these measurements
tend to suggest that the DNA is relatively rigid, a puzzling finding in view of the large number
of single bonds (5 per nucleotide) in the phosphate-sugar back bone. Recently these indirect
inferences have been confirmed by electron microscopy.
30. Observe the table in which azeotropic mixtures are given along their boiling points of pure
components and azeotropes.
Some Azeotropic Mixtures
A B Minimum A B Mixture
Boiling Azeotropes
Azeotropes
H2O C2H5OH 95.37% 373K 351.3K 351.15
H2O C3H7OH 71.69% 373K 370.19K 350.72
CH3COCH3 CS2 67% 329.25K 319.25K 312.30
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. No. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
o
State Henry’s Law an mention some important applications.
33. Predict the alkenes that would be formed by dehydrohalogenation of the following halides.
With sodium ethoxide in ethanol and identity the major alkene.
(i) 1-Bromo-1-methyl cyclohexane
(ii) 2-Chloro-2-methylbutane
(iii) 3-Bromo-2, 2, 3-trimethylpentane
o
Give the preparation of chlorobenzene from benzene diazonium chloride and give its reaction
with:
(i) Na
(ii) CH 3 Cl is the presence of anhydrous AlCl 3
(iii) H 2 SO 4
(iv) HNO 3 in the presence of cone. H 2 SO 4 .
******
Sample Paper 15
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
2. An ester is boiled with KOH. The product is cooled and acidified with concentrated HCl. A
white crystalline acid separates. The ester is
(a) Methyl acetate (b) Ethyl acetate
(c) Ethyl formate (d) Ethyl benzoate
4. In respect of the equation k = Ae−E /RT in chemical kinetics, which of the following statements
a
is correct?
(a) A is adsorption factor (b) Ea is energy of activation
(c) R is Rydberg’s constant (d) k is equilibrium constant
11. Chloropicrin is
(a) C 2 H 5 C (NO) 5 SH (b) CCl 3 CHO
(c) CCl 3 NO 2 (d) CCl 3 NO 3
12. The molecular weight of benzoic acid in benzene as determined by depression in freezing point
method corresponds to:
(a) ionization of benzoic acid.
(b) dimerization of benzoic acid.
(c) trimerizatin of benzoic acid.
(d) solvationof benzoic acid.
Directions (Q. Nos. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : KCl, NaCl and NH4Cl cannot be used in the salt bridge of a cell containing silver.
Reason : A salt bridge contains concentrated solution of an inert electrolyte like KCl, KNO3,
K2SO4 or solidified solution of such an electrolyte in agar-agar and gelatine.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
14. Assertion : Members of 4d and 5d series of transition elements have nearly same atomic radii.
Reason : Atomic and ionic radii for transition elements are smaller than their corresponding s
-block elements.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
16. Assertion : Nitration of aniline can be conveniently done by protecting the amino group by
acetylation.
Reason : Acetylation increases the electron-density in the benzene ring.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. No. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Write down the half cell reaction and cell reaction for the Daniel cell.
Zn (s) | Zn+2 (aq.)(1M) || Cu+2 (aq.) (1M) | Cu (s)
20. How will rate of a reaction change when [A] 0 is doubled and tripled for
1. zero order reaction.
2. second order reaction ?
o
State the order with respect to each reactant and overall order for the following reaction -
2NOBr g) $ 2NO (g) + Br 2 (g)
(
Rate = k [NOBr] 2
What are the units of rate constant ?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. No. 22-28) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in two questions. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. What are the fuel cells? How are they different from galvanic cells? Give the construction of
H 2 , O 2 fuel cell?
24. For M2+ /M and M3+ /M2+ systems, Ec values for some metals are as follows :
Cr2+ /Cr =− 0.9 V
Cr3+ /Cr2+ =− 0.4 V
Mn2+ /Mn =− 1.2 V
Mn3+ /Mn2+ =+ 1.5 V
Fe2+ /Fe =− 0.4 V
Fe3+ /Fe2+ =+ 0.8 V
Use this data to comment upon:
1. the stability of Fe3+ in acid solution as compared to that of Cr3+ and Mn3+ .
2. the ease with which iron can be oxidised as compared to a similar process for either
chromium or manganese metal.
25. Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon, butane?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. No. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an internal
choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The stability of complex in solution refers to degree of association between the two species
involved in the state of equilibrium. The magnitude of the equilibrium constant (stability or
formation) for the association, quantitatively expresses the stability. If complex is formed in
steps then the stepwise and overall stability constant is related as follows—
β n = k1 # k2 # k 3 # k 4 ...kn
The addition of four amine groups to copper shows a pattern found for most formation constants,
in which the successive stability constant decreases. The instability constant or the dissociation
constant of coordination compound is defined as reciprocal of formation constant β 4 .
Table : Stability Constants of Some Complexes
Complex Stability Constant (β)
1. [Cu(NH3)4]2+ 4.5 # 1011
2. [Cu(CN)4]2- 2.0 # 1027
3. [Ag(NH3)2]+ 1.6 # 107
4. [Co(NH3)6]3+ 5.0 # 1033
o
(d) K(Dissociation constant) = 1 = 1 = 5 # 10−13
β 4 2.0 # 1013
30. The vapour pressure of solvent is lowered by the presence of non-volatile solute and this lowering
of vapour pressure is governed by Raoult’s law, according to which ‘the relative lowering of
vapour pressure of the solvent over a solution is equal to mole fraction of solute present in the
solution. However in a binary solution if both components are volatile then another form of
Raoult’s law is used. The partial vapour pressure of each component is directly proportional to
their mole fractions and p total = p 10 x1 + p 20 x2 . Solutions which obey Raoult’s law over the entire
range of concentration are called ideal solutions. Two types of deviations from Raoult’s law are
observed, positive and negative by non-ideal solution depending upon interaction between the
components. Azeotropes are formed due to very large deviations from Raoult’s law.
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What type of solution is formed by ethanol and water?
(b) What type of solution is formed by benzene and toluene?
(c) The vapour pressure of pure ‘A’ and ‘B’ are 450 mm and 700 mm Hg respectively at
350 K. What are the mole fraction of ‘A’ and ‘B’ in vapour phase, if total pressure on
mixing is 600 mm.
o
(d) Calculate the mass of solute (non-volatile) with molar mass 40 g/mol which must be
dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. No. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
33. In the following pairs of halogen compounds which compound undergo faster S N 1 reaction ?
(i) and
(ii) and
Since 2° carbocation are more stable than 1° carbocation therefore will react
faster in S N 1 reaction.
o
Write the following reaction :
(i) Friedel-Crafts acylation.
(ii) Wurtz-Fitting reaction.
(iii) Dow’s process.
(iv) Ullmann biaryl synthesis.
******
Sample Paper 16
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. For the reaction 2N 2 O 5 $ 4NO 2 + O 2 , rate and rate constant are 1.02 # 10-4 mol L-1 s-1 and
3.4 # 10-5 sec-1 respectively then concentration of N 2 O 5 at that time will be
(a) 1.732 M (b) 3 M
(c) 3.4 # 105 M (d) 1.02 # 10-4 M
3. The standard reduction potential at 25cC of Li+ /Li, Ba2+ /Ba, Na+ /Na and
Mg2+ /Mg are − 3.03, − 2.73, - 2.71 and - 2.37 volt respectively. Which one of the following is
the strongest oxidising agent?
(a) Na+ (b) Li+
(c) Ba2+ (d) Mg2+
4. Chloroform is used as
(a) Fire extinguisher (b) Industrial solvent
(c) Refrigerant (d) Insecticide
10. In the diazotization of arylamines with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid, an excess of
hydrochloric acid is used primarily to:
(a) Suppress the concentration of free aniline available for coupling
(b) Suppress hydrolysis of phenol
(c) Ensure a stoichiometric amount of nitrous acid
(d) Neutralise the base liberated
12. Which of the following protein destroy the antigen when it enters in body cell?
(a) Antibodies (b) Insulin
(c) Chromoprotein (d) Phosphoprotein
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : Alpha (α)- amino acids exist as internal salt in solution as they have amino and
carboxylic acid groups in near vicinity.
Reason : H+ ion given by carboxylic group (- COOH) is captured by amino group (- NH 2) having
lone pair of electrons.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
15. Assertion : Nucleophilic substitution reaction on an optically active alkyl halide gives a mixture
of enantiomers.
Reason : The reaction occurs by S N 1 mechanism.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
16. Assertion : Acetamide has more polar group than ethyl acetoacetate.
p p
Reason : NH 2 is more electron donating than OC 2 H 5
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
19. Explain with one example each the terms weak and strong electrolytes.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
22. What is the difference between inner orbital or low spin complex and outer orbital or high spin
complex?
23. Which one of the following has the highest dipole moment?
(i) CH 2 Cl 2
(ii) CHCl 3
(iii) CCl 4
26. The treatment of alkyl chloride with aqueous KOH leads to the formation of alcohols but in
presence of alcoholic KOH, alkenes are the major products. Explain why ?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. Colour may arise from a entirely different cause in ions with incomplete d or f shells. This
source of colours very important in most of the transition metal ions. In free isolated gaseous
ion the five d orbitals are degenerate, i.e. they are identical in energy. In real life situations,
the ion will be surrounded by solvent molecules if it is in solution; by other ligands if it is in a
complex; or by other ions if it is in crystal lattice. The surrounding groups affect the energy of
some orbitals more than others. Thus the d orbitals are no longer degenerate, and they form
two groups of orbitals of different energies. Thus in transition element ions with a partly filled
d shell, it is possible to promote electrons from d level to another d level of higher energy. The
corresponds to a fairly small energy difference and so light is absorbed in the visible region.
The colour of a transition meltal complex is dependent on how big the energy difference is
between the two d levels. This in turn depends on the nature of the ligand, and on the type of
complex formed. Thus the octahedral complex [Ni (NH 3) 6] 2+ is blue, [Ni (H 2 O) 6] 2+ is green and
[Ni (NO 2) 6] 4- is brown-red. The colour changes with the ligand,used the colour also depends on
the Number of ligands and the shape of the complex formed.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Account for the following : Copper(I) compounds are white whereas copper(II) compounds
are coloured.
(b) Cu2+ salts are coloured, while Zn2+ salts ire white.
(c) Which of following cations are coloured in aqueous solutions and why ?
Sc3+ , V3+ , Ti 4+ , Mn2+
(At. nos..Sc = 21, V = 23 , Ti = 22 , Mn = 25)
o
(d) How would you account for the following : Transition metals form coloured compounds ?
30. Amines are alkyl or aryl derivatives of ammonia formed by replacement of one or more hydrogen
atoms. Allcyl derivatives are called aliphatic amines and aryl derivatives are known as aromatic
amines. The presence of aromatic amines can be identified by performing dye test. Aniline is
the simplest example of aromatic amine. It undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions in
which-NH 2 , group strongly activates the aromatic ring through delocalisation of lone pair of
electrons of N-atom. Aniline undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions. Ortho and para
positions to the-NH 2 group become centres of high electrons density. Thus,-NH 2 group is ortho
and para-directing and powerful activating group.
Read the above passage and answer the following question:
(a) What does oxidation of aniline in presence of MnO 2 , and, H 2 SO 4 produce ?
(b) How will you distinguish cyclohexylamine and aniline ?
(c) What is the major product obtained by acetylation of aniline followed by nitration (conc.
HNO 3 + conc. H 2 SO 4) and then alkaline hydrolysis ?
o
(d) What does aniline produce in carbylamine reaction? Write chemical equation of the
reaction involved.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. Describe the kinetics of a first order reaction. Why is a first order reaction never completed?
o
What do you mean by first order reaction ? Find the expression for first order reaction.
33. Describe the general characteristics of transition elements with special reference to the following :
(i) Formation of colour salt
(ii) Variable oxidation state
o
(a) Account for the following;
1. Mn shows the highest oxidation state of +7 with oxygen but with fluorine, it shows
the oxidation sate of +4.
2. Cr2+ is a strong reducing agent.
3. Cu2+ salts are coloured, while Zn+2 salts are white.
(b) Complete the following equations:
T
1. 2MnO 2 + 4KOH + O 2
2. Cr 2 O 72− + 14H+ + 6I− $
******
Sample Paper 17
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
3. The complex ion [Co (NH 3) 6] 3+ is formed by sp3 d2 hybridisation. Hence the ion should posses.
(a) Octahedral geometry (b) Tetrahedral geometry
(c) Square planar geometry (d) Tetragonal geometry
4. The activation energy for a simple chemical reaction A $ B is Ea in forward direction. The
activation energy for reverse reaction
(a) is always double of Ea (b) is negative of Ea
(c) is always less than Ea (d) can be less than or more than Ea
6. In a reversible reaction the energy of activation of the forward reaction is 50 kcal. The energy
of activation for the reverse reaction will be :
(a) <50 kcal
(b) either greater than or less than 50 kcal
(c) 50 kcal
(d) >50 kcal
8. Butane-2-ol is
(a) Primary alcohol (b) Secondary alcohol
(c) Tertiary alcohol (d) Aldehyde
10. Co-ordination compounds have great importance in biological systems. In this context which of
the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Cynacobalamin is B 12 and contains cobalt
(b) Haemoglobin is the red pigment of blood and contains irons
(c) Chrolophylls are green pigments in plants and contain calcium
(d) Carboxyperptidase - A is an enzyme and contains zinc.
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
15. Assertion : The [Ni (en) 3] Cl 2 (en = ethylenediamine) has lower stability than [Ni (NH 3) 6] Cl 2 .
Reason : In [Ni (en) 3] Cl 2 the geometry of Ni is octahedral.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
16. Assertion : ROCOl, (RCO)2O and RCOOR’ all react with Grignard reagents to form 3c alcohols.
Reason : RCOCl reacts with R2 C d to form ketones but (RCO)2O and RCOOR’ do not react
at all.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Define solubility. Name the factors on which solubility of a solute in a solvent depends.
19. Given the standard electrode potentials K+ /K =− 2.93 V Ag+ /Ag = 0.80V , Hg2+ /Hg = 0.79 V
, Mg2+ /Mg =− 2.37 V , Cr2+ /Cr =− 0.74 V .
Arrange these metals in their increasing order of reducing power.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Out of ethyl bromide and ethyl chloride which has higher boiling point and why ?
24. Specify oxidation numbers of the metals in the following co-ordination compounds:
(a) K 4 [Fe (CN) 6]
(b) [PtCl 4]
25. Does the presence of two chiral carbon atoms always make the molecule optically active?
Explain giving an example.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The half-life of a reaction is the time required for the concentration of reactant to decrease by
half, i.e.,
[A] t = 1 [A]
2
30. When haloalkanes with β -hydrogen atom are boiled with alcoholic solution of KOH, they
undergo elimination of hydrogen halide resulting in the formation of alkenes. These reactions
are called β -elimination reactions or dehydrohalogenation reactions. These reactions follow
Saytzeff’s rule. Substitution and elimination reactions often compete with each other. Mostly
bases behave as nucleophiles and therefore can engage in substitution or elimination reactions
depending upon the alkyl halide and the reaction conditions.
Answer the following questions :
(a) Which of the following is the correct method for synthesising methyl tert-butyl ether and
why?
(i) (CH 3) 3 CBr + NaOCH 3 "
(ii) CH 3 Br + NaO − tert − butyl "
(b) What will be the major product in the following reaction?
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. Define rate constant of a reaction. Derive an expression for the rate constant of 1st order
reaction
o
1. Define zero order reaction.
2. Derive integrated rate equation for zero order reaction.
3. Derive an expression for half life period of a zero order reaction.
33. Describe the preparation of potassium permanganate from pyrolusite ore by electrochemical
method. Discuss its important properties and uses.
o
What is lanthanoid contraction? Give its cause. What are the consequences of lanthanoid
contraction?
******
Sample Paper 18
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
2. The rate of reaction between A and B increases by a factor of 100, when the concentration of
A is increased 10 folds, the order of reaction with respect to A is
(a) 10 (b) 1
(c) 4 (d) 2
3. The rate of a first order reaction is 1.5 # 10-2 mol L-1 min-1 at 0.5 M concentration of the
reactant. The half life of the reaction is
(a) 0.383 min (b) 23.1 min
(c) 8.73 min (d) 7.53 min
4. Which one of the following ionic species will impart colour to an aqueous solution?
(a) Ti 4+ (b) Cu+
(c) Zn2+ (d) Cr3+
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Page 2 NODIA Sample Paper 18 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
7. Among the following, the compound that is both paramagnetic and coloured is
(a) K 2 Cr 2 O 7 (b) ^NH 4h2 ^TiCl 6h
(c) CoSo 4 (d) K 3 6Cu ^CNh4@
8. Which of the following compounds does not react with NaNO 2 and HCl ?
(a) C 6 H 5 OH (b) C 6 H 5 NH 2
(c) (CH 3) 3 CNO 2 (d) (CH 3) 3 CNO 2
10. Which one of the following esters cannot undergo Clasien self-condensation?
(a) CH 3 - CH 2 - CH 2 - CH 2 - COOC 2 H 5 (b) C 6 H 5 COOC 2 H 5
(c) C 6 H 5 CH 2 COOC 2 H 5 (d) C 6 H 11 CH 2 COOC 2 H 5
12. If 0.1 M solution of glucose and 0.1 M solution of urea are placed on two sides of the semi-
permeable membrane to equal heights, then it will be correct to say that:
(a) there will be no net movement across the membrane
(b) glucose will flow towards urea solution
(c) urea will flow towards glucose solution
(d) water will flow from urea solution to glucose
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : An ether is more volatile than an alcohol of comparable molecular mass.
Reason : Ethers are polar in nature.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
15. Assertion : Magnetic moment values of actinides are lesser than the theoretically predicted
values.
Reason : Actinide elements are strongly paramagnetic.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
17. Arrange the following carbonyl compounds and nucleophilic addition-climination reaction.
Ethane, Propanal, Propanone,Butanone
butanone<Propanone<Propanal<Ethanal
19. What are the products obtained at the platinum anode and the platinum cathode respectively
in the electrolysis of fused or molten NaCl ?
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. Which aqueous solution has higher concentration : 1 molar or 1 molal solution of the same
solute. Give reason.
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The amines are basic in nature due to the presence of a lone pair of electron on N-atom of the
NH 2 group, which it can donate to electron deficient compounds. Aliphatic amines are stronger
bases than NH 3 because of the + I effect of the alkyl groups. Greater the number of alkyl
groups attached to N-atom, higher is the electron density on it and more will be the basicity.
Aniline is a weaker base compared to ammonia. This is because the lone pair of electrons on
N-atom of aniline is less available for protonation due to its involvement in conjugation with
the π -electrons of the benzene ring. Further the presence of electron withdrawing groups
decreases the basicity while, the presence of electron donating groups activates the benzene ring
and also increases the basicity.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) (CH 3) 2 NH is more basic than (CH 3) 3 N in an aqueous solution. Give reason
(b) Arrange the following in increasing order of basic strength : C 6 H 5 NH 2 ,C 6 H 5 NHCH 3 ,
C 6 H 5 N (CH 3) 2
(c)
(i) Arrange the following compounds in an increasing order of basic strength :
C 6 H 5 NH 2 , C 6 H 5 N (CH 3) 2 , (C 2 H 5) 2 NH and CH 3 NH 2
(ii) Arrange the following compounds in a decreasing order of pKb values.
C 2 H 5 NH 2, C 6 H 5 NHCH 3, (C 2 H 5) 2 NH, and C 6 H 5 NH 2
o
(d) Arrange the following in increasing order of basic strength : Aniline, p-nitroaniline and p
-toluidine.
30. The unique behaviour of Cu, having a positive Ec, accounts for its inability to liberate H 2 from
acids. Only oxidising acids (nitric and hot concentrated sulphuric) react with Cu, the acids
being reduced. The high energy to transform Cu (s) to Cu (2+ aq) is not balanced by its hydration
enthalpy. The general trend towards less negative Ec values across the series is related to the
general increase in the sum of the first and second ionisation enthalpies. It is interesting to note
that the value of Ec for Mn, Ni, and Zn are more negative than expected from the trend.
The stability of the half-filled d sub-shell in Mn2+ and the completely filled d10 configuration in
Zn are related to their E- values, whereas E° for Ni is related to the highest negative T hyd H° .
An examination of the Ec (M /M ) values shows the varying trends. The low value for Sc reflects
3+ 2+
the stability of Sc3+ which has a noble gas configuration. The highest value for Zn is due to
the removal of an electron from the stable d10 configuration of Zn2+ . The comparatively high
value for Mn shows that Mn2+ (d5) is particularly stable, whereas comparatively low value for
Fe shows the extra stability of Fe3+ (d5). The comparatively low value for V is related to the
stability of V2+ (half-filled t2g level).
Read the above passage and answer the following question :
(a) Cobalt (II) is very stable in aqueous solutions but gets easily oxidised in the presence of
strong ligands.
Click the Following Button to See the Free MS/Solutions
CBSE Chemistry Class 12 NODIA Sample Paper 18 Page 7
(b) Why are Ec (M /M) values of Mn and Zn more negative than expected ?
2+
(c) Use the data to answer the following and also justify giving reasons :
Cr Mn Fe Co
Ec (M 2+
/M ) - 0.91 - 1.18 - 0.44 - 0.28
Ec (M 3+
/M 2+) - 0.41 + 1.57 + 0.77 + 1.97
(i) Which is a stronger reducing agent in aqueous medium, Cr2+ or Fe2+ and why ?
(ii) Which is the most stable ion in + 2 oxidation state and why ?
o
(d)
Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu
Ec (M 2+
/M ) - 0.91 - 1.18 - 0.44 - 0.28 - 0.25 + 0.34
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. Derive the integrated rate equation for a first order reaction.
o
Define threshold energy and activation energy. How are they related ?
33. Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of lanthanoids with special reference to
1. Electronic configuration
2. Oxidation state
3. Atomic and ionic size
4. Chemical reactivity
o
What is lanthanoid contraction? What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction?
******
Sample Paper 19
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
1. When one Faraday of electric current is passed, the mass deposited, equal to
(a) One gram equivalent (b) One gram mole
(c) Electrochemical equivalent (d) Half gram equivalent
2. The most convenient method to protect the bottom of ship made of iron is
(a) Coating it with red lead oxide (b) White tin plating
(c) Connecting it with Mg Block (d) Connecting it with Pb block
4. Actinides;
(a) Are all synthetic elements (b) Include element 104
(c) Have any short lived isotopes (d) Have variable valency
7. The bad smelling substance formed by the action of alcoholic caustic potash on chloroform and
aniline is:
(a) Acetic acid (b) Acetone
(c) Methanol (d) Methylamine
9. For a first order reaction A $ B the reaction rate at reactant concentration of 0.01 M is
found to be 2.0 # 10-5 mol L-1 s-1 . The half life period of the reaction is
(a) 30 s (b) 220 s
(c) 300 s (d) 347 s
11. Which of the following compounds is oxidised to prepare methyl ethyl ketone ?
(a) 2-Propanol (b) l-Butanol
(c) 2-Butanol (d) t-Butyl alcohol
12. For the reaction A $ B , the rate law expression is : rate = k [A]. Which of the following
statements is incorrect?
(a) The reaction follows first order kinetics
(b) The t1/2 of reaction depends on initial concentration of reactants.
(c) k is constant for the reaction at a constant temperature.
(d) The rate law provides a simple way of predicting the concentration of reactants and
products at any time after the start of the products at any time after the start of the
reaction.
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
14. Assertion : The rate of a reaction sometimes does not depend on concentrations.
Reason : Lower the activation energy faster is the reaction.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
15. Assertion : [Co (NH 3) 5 Br] SO 4 gives white precipitate with barium chloride.
Reason : The complex dissociates in the solution to give Br – and SO 2- 4 .
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
19. Name the two half-cell reactions that are taking place in the Daniel cell.
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. How is a galvanic cell represented on paper as per IUPAC convention? Give one example.
25. (a) Give the IUPAC name of the complex salt K 3 6Fe ^CNh6@.
(b) Calculate EAN (Effective Atomic Number) of Fe in this complex salt.
27. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their reactivity toward HCN.
Acetaldehyde, Acetone, Di-tert-butyl ketone, Methyl tert-butyl ketone.
o
Explain why is ortho-nitrophenol more acidic than ortho-methoxy phenol ?
28. In a reaction, the rates of disappearance of different reactants or rates of formation of different
products may not be equal but rate of reaction at any instant of time has the same value
expressed in terms of any reactant or product. Further, the rate of reaction may not depend
upon the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced chemical equation. The exact powers of
molar concentrations of reactants on which rate depends are found experimentally and expressed
in terms of ‘order of reaction: Each reaction has a characteristic rate constant depends upon
temperature. The units of the rate constant depend upon the order of reaction.
Answer the following questions :
(a) The rate constant of a reaction is found to be 3 # 10-3 mol-2 L2 sec-1 . What is the order of
the reaction?
(b) Rate of a reaction can be expressed by following rate expression, Rate = k [A] 2 [B], if
concentration of A is increased by 3 times and concentration of B is increased by 2 times,
how many times rate of reaction increases?
(c) The rate of a certain reaction is given by, rate = k [H+]m. The rate increases 100 times when
the pH changes from 3 to 1. What is the order (n) of the reaction ?
o
(d) In a chemical reaction A + 2B " products, when concentration of A is doubled, rate of the
reaction increases 4 times and when concentration of B alone is doubled rate continues to
be the same. What is the order of the reaction ?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. The solubility of gases increases with increase of pressure. William Henry made a systematic
investigation of the solubility of a gas in a liquid. According to Henry’s law “the mass of a gas
dissolved per unit volume of the solvent at constant temperature is directly proportional to the
pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the solution”.
Dalton during the same period also concluded independently that the solubility of a gas in a
liquid solution depends upon the partial pressure of the gas. If we use the mole fraction of gas
in the solution as a measure of its solubility, then Henry’s law can be modified as “the partial
Click the Following Button to See the Free MS/Solutions
Page 6 NODIA Sample Paper 19 CBSE Chemistry Class 12
pressure of the gas in the vapour phase is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the gas
in the solution.”
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What is the relation of KH with temperature ?
(b) Write expression for Henry’s law.
(c) Calculate solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg. (Given Henry’s
constant = 4.27 # 105 mm Hg) ?
o
(d) The partial pressure of ethane over a saturated solution containing 6.56 # 10-2 g of ethane
is 1 bar. If the solution contains 5.00 # 10-2 g of ethane then what will be the partial
pressure (in bar) of the gas ?
30. Proteins are high molecular mass complex biomolecules of amino acids. The important proteins
required for our body are enzymes, hormones, antibodies, transport proteins, structural proteins,
contractile proteins etc. Except for glycine, all α -amino acids have chiral carbon atom and
most of them have L-configuration. The amino acids exists as dipolar ion called zwitter ion,
in which a proton goes from the carboxyl group to the amino group. A large number of α
-amino acids are joined by peptide bonds forming polypeptides. The peptides having very large
molecular mass (more than 10,000) are called proteins. The structure of proteins is described as
primary structure giving sequence of linking of amino acids; secondary structure giving manner
in which polypeptide chains are arranged and folded; tertiary structure giving folding, coiling or
bonding polypeptide chains producing three dimensional structures and quaternary structure
giving arrangement of sub-units in an aggregate protein molecule.
Answer the following questions :
(a) What do you mean by proteins ?
(b) What is Zwitter ion ?
(c) Which type of bond is present in polypeptide? Give example ?
o
(d) Which type of bonding is present in α -helix and (β -pleated structure of proteins.
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. Define order of reaction and molecularity of reaction. Derive a general expression for specific
rate constant of first order reaction.
o
Explain the effect of temperature on rate of a reaction.
******
Sample Paper 20
Class XII 2023-24
Chemistry
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in this question paper with internal choice.
2. SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
3. SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks each.
4. SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. SECTION D consists of 2 case-based questions carrying 4 marks each.
6. SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. All questions are compulsory.
8. Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.
SECTION-A
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-16) : The following questions are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer.
Each question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.
5. An aqueous solution is 1.00 molal in KI. Which change will cause the vapour pressure of the
solution to increase ?
(a) Addition of NaCl (b) Addition of Na 2 SO4
(c) Addition of 1.00 molal KI (d) Addition of water
11. The change in optical rotation (with time) of freshly prepared solutions of sugar is known as :
(a) Specific rotation (b) Inversion
(c) Rotatory motion (d) Mutarotation
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CBSE Chemistry Class 12 NODIA Sample Paper 20 Page 3
12. When a biochemical reaction is carried out in laboratory in the absence of enzyme then rate of
reaction obtained 10-6 times, then activation energy of reaction in the presence of enzyme is :
6
(a) RT (b) different from Ea obtained in laboratory
(c) P is required (d) can’t say anything
Directions (Q. No. 13-16) : Each of the following questions consists of two statements, one is Assertion
and the other is Reason. Give answer :
13. Assertion : The pKa of acetic acid is lower than that of phenol.
Reason : Phenoxide ion is more resonance stabilised.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
16. Assertion : In acidic medium, K2Cr2O7 exists as Cr 2 O 72- (orange) while in basic medium it is
converted to CrO 2-
4 (yellow).
Reason : K2Cr2O7 is hygroscopic in nature and changes colour on reaction with water.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the a correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
SECTION-B
Directions (Q. Nos. 17-21) : This section contains 5 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.
18. Suggest some chemical reagents for the chemical reduction of carbonyl compounds (/ aldehydes
and ketones).
19. Write the Nernst equation for the EMF of the cell
+ 2+
Ni (s) ; Ni (2aq) < Ag (aq) ; Ag
[Mg2+]
0
21. Write the cell reaction for which E cell = E cell − RT ln
2F [Ag+] 2
SECTION-C
Directions (Q. Nos. 22-28) : This section contains 7 questions with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.
23. How is standard Gibbs energy of a reaction is related to its equilibrium constant ?
26. Which would undergo S N 1 reaction faster in the following pair and why ?
SECTION-D
Directions (Q. Nos. 29-30) : The following questions are case-based questions. Each question has an
internal choice and carries 4 marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
29. A reaction is said to be unimolecular if, on the microscopic level, rearrangement of the structure
of a single molecule produces the appropriate product molecules. An example of a unimolecular
process is conversion of cis-2-butene to trans-2-butene (in the absence of any catalyst).
All that is required for this reaction to occur is a twist or rotation around the double bond
interchanging the methyl group with the hydrogen atom on the right-hand side. Only one cis-2-
butene molecule need to be involved as a reactant in this process. Rotating part of a molecule
about a double bond is not easy, because it involves a distortion of the electron clouds forming
the double bond. A considerable increase in energy is required to twist one end of cis-2-butene
around the other. This is shown in figure.
The minimum quantity of energy required to surmount an energy barrier during a chemical
reaction is called the activation energy, Ea and the molecular species at the top of the barrier
is called the activated complex or transition state.
In the sample of gaseous cls-2-butene at room temperature, only a tiny fraction of molecules
have enough energy to surmount the activation energy barrier. Not only do few molecules
have enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier, but fewer still have that energy
concentrated so that it can cause the atomic movements needed for the reaction to occur.
For a uni-molecular process, the reaction rate must always be directly proportional to the
concentration of the reacting species. For a general uni-molecular process, A " products, the
rate equation is, Rate = k [A], where [A] =concentration of A.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) With the help of diagram, explain the physical significance of energy of activation (Ea) in
chemical reactions.
(b) Can molecularity of a reaction be zero ?
(c) Over a given period of time only a very small fraction of cis-2-butene molecule will be
converted to trans-2-bttene. Give reason.
o
(d) How is the rate of reaction affected if the concentration of cis-2-butene is doubled ?
30. The simple aryl halides generally are resistant to attack by nucleophiles in either S N 1 or S N 2
reactions. However, this low reactivity can be changed dramatically by changes in the reaction
conditions and the structure of the aryl halide. In fact, nuclephilic displacement becomes quite
rapid.(i) when the aryl halide is activated by substitution with strongly electron attracting
groups such as NO 2 and (ii) when very strongly basic nucleophilic reagents are used. The
generally accepted mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution of aryl halides carrying
activating groups involve two steps. The first step involves attack of the nucleophile Y at the
carbon bearing halogen substitutent to form an intermediate carbanion. The aromatic system
is destroyed on forming the anion and the carbon at the reaction site changes from planar (sp2
bonds) to tetrahedral (sp3 bonds).
In the second step, loss of an anion, X- or Y- , regenerated an aromatic system and if X- is lost,
the overall reaction is nucleophilic displacement of X by Y
When strongly electron attracting groups are located on the ring at the ortho-parapositions,
the intermediate anion is stabilised by the delocalization of the electrons from the ring carbons
to more favourable locations on the substituent groups.
Read the above passage carefully and answer the following questions :
(a) Chlorobenzene is extremely less reactive towards a nucleophilic substitution reaction. Give
two reasons for the same.
(b) Write the product formed when p-nitrochlorobenzene is heated with aqueous NaOH at
443 K followed by acidification.
(c) Why NO 2 , group shows its effect only at ortho and para-positions and not at meta-
position?
o
(d) Aryl halides are extremely less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution. Predict and
explain the order of reactivity of the following compounds towards nucleophilic substitution
:
SECTION-E
Directions (Q. Nos. 31-33) : The following questions are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. Two
questions have an internal choice.
32. (a) In the titration of FeSO 4 with KMnO 4 in the acidic medium, why is dil. H 2 SO 4 used
instead of dil. HCl ?
(b) Give reason :
1. Among transition metals, the highest oxidation states is exhibited on oxo-anions of
a metal.
2. Ce+ is used as an oxidising agent in volumetric analysis.
3. Transition metals form a number of interstitial compounds.
4. Zn2+ salts are white while Cu2+ salts are blue.
o
(a) A blackish brown coloured solid 'A' when fused with alkali metal hydroxides in presence
of air produces a dark green coloured compound 'B' which an electrolytic oxidation in
alkaline medium gives a dark purple coloured compound 'C' . Identify A, B and C and
write the reactions involved.
(b) What happens when an acidic solution of the green compound (B) is allowed to stand for
sometime ? Give the equation involved. What is this type of reaction called ?
33. Amino acids may be acidic, alkaline or neutral. How does this happen ?
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