HSG Trư NG 2023-2024
HSG Trư NG 2023-2024
HSG Trư NG 2023-2024
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The final tip is to focus. When you're busy it's tempting to (13) __________, but if you want to stay calm
and actually get stuff done, don’t. Scans show your brain can only do one thing at a time.
When you do two things at once it has to switch between them very rapidly and gets overstimulated and
floods your body with stress hormones. By working the way your brain is (14) __________and doing one
thing at a time you can quickly go from feeling overwhelmed to calm. So break your task down into small
parts or steps, circle the one thing you need to do next and forget about the other tasks until their time
comes. This is sometimes called (15) “_________” and is used by sports coaches to help athletes focus.
Doing just one thing at a time with your fullest attention keeps your mind in the here and now and is a great
habit to develop.
So next time you feel panic rising, stop and remember to breathe, hum and focus. Let us know how you get
on.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10. 11. 12.
13. 14. 15.
Part 2. You will hear an interview with an archaeologist called Julian Ra. For questions 16-20,
choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fit best what you hear. Write your answers in the
corresponding boxes provided.
16. Julian attributes his interest in archaeology as a teenager to __________.
A. wish to please his father.
B. his natural sense of curiosity.
C. a need to earn some spare cash.
D. his dissatisfaction with life on a farm.
17. Julian feels that the public perception of archaeology __________.
A. fails to acknowledge its scientific value.
B. has been negatively influenced by fictional accounts.
C. underestimates the gradual nature of the research process.
D. has tended to concentrate on the physical hardships involved.
18. How does Julian feel about his current research post?
A. He regrets having relatively few opportunities to travel.
B. He wishes his colleagues would take it more seriously.
C. He admits that the problems can get him down.
D. He suggests that it is relatively cost effective.
19. What does Julian hope to show as a result of his current research?
A. population levels in England in different periods
B. the length of time certain villages have existed
C. how wider trends affected local communities
D. the range of ancient agricultural methods
20. Julian's project on humour in archaeology aims to __________.
A. celebrate an otherwise unrecorded aspect of archaeologists' lives.
B. compare archaeological findings with anecdotal evidence.
C. create a database of jokes connected with archaeology.
D. make archaeological reports more widely accessible.
Your answers:
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16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Part 3. For question 21-25, listen to an interview with Sue Millins, who has recently introduced a new
teaching approach into her school and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false
(F). Write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided.
21. The original cause of the school’s decline was the transformation of the neighborhood.
22. The school was not closed down thanks to the decision to follow the national curriculum.
23. The traditional methods of teaching were abandoned because tests would be easier to mark.
24. The aim of the lesson involving the bear is to help the children to read and write.
25. The method is considered successful because children are interested in the arts.
Your answers:
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
Part 2. Read the passage below, which contains 8 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the
corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Line
1 Preserving organisms in museums is one way of retaining them for posterity, but almost people
2 agree that it would be nice to keep a few of them live in the wild, too. At the moment, which species
3 survive, which decline to threatened or even status and which succumb for extinction is something
4 of a lottery. WORLDMAP is an easy-to-use software that identifies geographical patterns in
5 diversity, rarity and conservation priorities. It can perform a range of specialist biological analyses
6 for countless numbers of species, with a view to provide biodiversity data for research purposes.
7 The program divides the surface area of the world into cells, usually arranging in a rectangular grid.
8 WORLDMAP can also predict the likelihood of a hitherto unobserved species found in an area on
9 the basis of their known distribution. Given the patchiness of most records, which is a useful trick.
10 However, it can select complementary areas for preservation.
Your answers:
Line Mistake Correction Line Mistake Correction
13. 17.
14. 18.
15. 19.
16. 20.
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Finally, the mass media themselves might contribute substantially by recomending of purchase or valuable
best-sellers and inspiring their viewers to (14) ______their knowledge and erudition, and thus help them to
(15) ______ the habit of spontaneous everyday reading.
1. A. denote B.play C.arise D.pose
2. A.rarity B.decline C.shortage D.deficiency
3. A.indicates B.affects C.applies D.embodies
4. A.exposed B.tempted C.submitted D.involved
5. A.recognize B.observe C.view D.distinguish
6. A.incite B.revert C.encourage D.instill
7. A.referral B.referable C.referee D.reference
8. A.relevance B.persistence C.emphasis D.focus
9. A.factor B.point C.matter D.ground
10. A.prolific B.ample C.lavish D.lush
11. A.availibility B.usage C.disposal D.benefit
12. A.raise B.amplify C.inflate D.expand
13. A.occupied B.inhaled C.incorporated D.engrossed
14. A.enrich B.magnify C.arouse D.elaborate
15. A.grow B.evolve C.develop D.proceed
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Part 2. Fill in the gap with ONE suitable word. Write the answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes.
ACADEMIC OVERDRIVE
Student life is becoming increasingly difficult. Not only are students (16) _______to perform and
complete within the class, but also to (17) ______time and energy to extra-curricular activities as well as
struggle with an increasing load of homework. The push to get into the top universities has caused many
overachieving students to (18) _______ on heavier workloads and more challenging classes.
This push, (19) _______, doesn’t end once students reach university. In fact, when they reach the top
places they have worked so hard to get into, many students are forced to work (20) _______harder than
they did in high school. Once in the top universities, the (21) _______ is on to secure place into the top
graduate school. But it doesn’t end there. Once students have graduated with best results, they find that
they must continue to overextend (22) _______in order to secure the top jobs in their particular field. (23)
_______is the emphasis in academic success.
There are many who claim that this entire system is wrong because it puts too much (24) _______on
measuring achievement and not enough on true learning. This in (25) ______has inevitable efects on the
students themselves. In such a high-pressure (26) _______environment, those that find the pressure
overwhelming have nowhere to turn. In an academic world (27) _______only by academic success, many
students begin to feel a low sense of worth, yet they fear to turn to anyone for help as this world would be
perceived as a signal of failure, an (28) _______to cope with that which other students appear to have no
problem. This can be particularly hard for foreign students as they find themselves isolated (29)
_______familiar cultural or family ties in their new environment and thus they concentrate solely on their
work.
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Perhaps the main thing to remember is that (30) ______it is important to study hard, school life should
also be fun.
Your answers:
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
Part 3. You are going to read an article about the future of newspapers. For questions 31-36 choose
the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Write your answers A, B, C
or D in the corresponding numbered boxes.
Anybody who says they can reliably forecast the future of newspapers is either a liar or a fool. Look at
the raw figures, and newspapers seem doomed. Since 2000, the circulation of most UK national dailies has
fallen by between a third and a half. The authoritative Pew Research Centre in the USA reports that
newspapers are now the main source of news for only 26 percent of US citizens as against 45 percent in
2001. There is no shortage of prophets who confidently predict that the last printed newspaper will be safely
buried within 15 years at most.
Yet one of the few reliable facts of history is that old media have a habit of surviving. An over-exuberant
New York journalist announced in 1835 that books and theatre ‘have had their day’ and the daily newspaper
would become ‘the greatest organ of social life’. Theatre duly withstood not only the newspaper, but also
cinema and then television. Radio has flourished in the TV age; cinema, in turn, has held its own against
videos and DVDs. Even vinyl records have made a comeback, with online sales up 745 percent since 2008.
Newspapers themselves were once new media, although it took several centuries before they became the
dominant medium for news. This was not solely because producing up-to-date news for a large readership
over a wide area became practicable and economic only in the mid-19th century, with the steam press, the
railway and the telegraph. Equally important was the emergence of the idea that everything around us is in
constant movement and we need to be updated on its condition at regular intervals – a concept quite alien
in medieval times and probably also to most people in the early modern era. Now, we expect change. To
our medieval ancestors, however, the only realities were the passing of the seasons, punctuated by
catastrophes such as famine, flood or disease that they had no reliable means of anticipating. Life, as the
writer Alain de Botton puts it, was ‘ineluctably cyclical’ and ‘the most important truths were recurring’.
Journalism as a full-time trade from which you could hope to make a living hardly existed before the
19th century. Even then, there was no obvious reason why most people needed news on a regular basis,
whether daily or weekly. In some respects, regularity of newspaper publication and rigidity of format was,
and remains, a burden. Online news readers can dip in and out according to how they perceive the urgency
of events. Increasingly sophisticated search engines and algorithms allow us to personalise the news to our
own priorities and interests. When important stories break, internet news providers can post minute-by-
minute updates. Error, misconception and foolish speculation can be corrected or modified almost instantly.
There are no space restrictions to prevent narrative or analysis, and documents or events cited in news
stories can often be accessed in full. All this is a world away from the straitjacket of newspaper publication.
Yet few if any providers seem alive to the new medium’s capacity for spreading understanding and
enlightenment.
Instead, the anxiety is always to be first with the news, to maximise reader comments, to create heat,
sound and fury and thus add to the sense of confusion. In the medieval world, what news there was was
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usually exchanged amid the babble of the marketplace or the tavern, where truth competed with rumour,
mishearing and misunderstanding. In some respects, it is to that world that we seem to be returning.
Newspapers have never been very good – or not as good as they ought to be – at telling us how the world
works. Perhaps they now face extinction. Or perhaps, as the internet merely adds to what de Botton
describes as our sense that we live in ‘an unimprovable and fundamentally chaotic universe’, they will
discover that they and they alone can guide us to wisdom and understanding.
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the forests had been entirely cut, the rich ground cover had eroded away, the springs had dried up, and the
vast flocks of birds coming to roost on the island had disappeared. With no logs to build canoes for offshore
fishing, with depleted bird and wildlife food sources, and with declining crop yields because of the erosion
of good soil, the nutritional intake of the people plummeted. First famine, then cannibalism, set in. Because
the island could no longer feed the chiefs, bureaucrats and priests who kept the complex society running,
the resulting chaos triggered a social and cultural collapse. By 1700 the population dropped to between
one-quarter and one-tenth of its former number, and many of the statues were toppled during supposed
“clan wars” of the 1600 and 1700s.
G
The faulty notions presented in these theories began with the racist assumptions of Thor Heyerdahl and
have been perpetuated by writers, such as Jared Diamond, who do not have sufficient archaeological and
historical understanding of the actual events which occurred on Easter Island. The real truth regarding the
tremendous social devastation which occurred on Easter Island is that it was a direct consequence of the
inhumane behavior of many of the first European visitors, particularly the slavers who raped and murdered
the islanders, introduced smallpox and other diseases, and brutally removed the natives to mainland South
America.
Questions 37-40: The reading passage has seven paragraphs, A-G
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list below.
Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs
List of headings
i The famous moai
ii The status represented symbols of combined purposes
iii The ancient spots which indicate the scientific application
iv The story of the name
v Early immigrants, rise and prosperity
vi The geology of Easter Island
vii The begin of Thor Heyerdahl’s discovery
viii The countering explanation to the misconceptions politically manipulated
ix Symbols of authority and power
x The Navel of the World
xi The Norwegian Invaders’ legacy
Example: Paragraph A iv
37 Paragraph B
Example: Paragraph C i
38 Paragraph D
39 Paragraph E
40 Paragraph G
Questions 41-46
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage ?
In boxes 41-46 on your answer sheet write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
41 The first inhabitants of Easter Island are Polynesian, from the Marquesas or Society islands.
42 Construction of some moai statues on the island was not finished.
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43 The Moai can be found not only on Easter Island but also elsewhere in Polynesia.
44 Most archaeologists recognised the religious and astronomical functions for an ancient society.
45 The structures of Easter Island work as an astronomical outpost for extraterrestrial visitors.
46 the theory that depleted natural resources leading to the fail of Easter Island actual have a distorted
perspective
Questions 47-50
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 47-50 on your answer sheet.
Many theories speculated that Easter Island’s fall around the era of the initial European contact. Some say
the resources are depleted by a 47…………………………..; The erroneous theories began with a root of
the 48……………………….. advanced by some scholars. Early writers did not have
adequate 49………………………… understandings to comprehend the true nature of events on the island.
The social devastation was, in fact, a direct result of 50.…………………… of the first European settlers.
Your answers:
37. 38. 39. 40. 41.
42. 43. 44. 45. 46.
47. 48 49 50
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___ THE END ______
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