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KGianan-Stem12-Physics2 (Chapters 1-3)
KGianan-Stem12-Physics2 (Chapters 1-3)
Gianan
12 – Canary
Chapter 1 – Shocking!
Practice Exercises
1. A piece of nylon cloth is used to clean the lenses of a pair of eyeglasses. In doing so, which becomes
positively charged? negatively charged? Assume that the lenses are made of glass.
Glass has a lower electron affinity than nylon. As a result, the nylon charges negatively and the
glass charges positively.
2. In the process of rubbing the lenses of the eyeglasses, 6.28x10 10 electrons were transferred. (a) What
is the charge of the lenses and the nylon cloth? (b) What is the change in their masses?
3. Determine the ratio of the electric force to the gravitational force between an electron and a proton
when separated by a distance r.
Practice Exercise 1.6
4. A proton is released from rest in a uniform horizontal electric field. It travels 3.25 m for 5 us. Find the
acceleration
of the proton and
the magnitude of
the electric field.
5. What electric field (magnitude and direction) is needed for an electron to remain suspended in air?
Kiel Benedick M. Gianan
12 – Canary
The electric potential at any point in an electric field is electric potential energy per unit charge at
that point. The SI unit of electric potentials is volt (V). It is named after the physicist Alessandro Volta.
One volt is equal to 1 joule/coulomb (J/C). Potential is also defined as the work done to move a unit
charge from infinity to one arbitrary point B.
Practice Exercises
A point particle of charge 2.5 nC and mass 3.25x10 -3 kg is in a uniform electric field directed to
the right. It is released from rest and moves to the right. After it has traveled 12.0 cm, its speed is 25 m/s.
Find the (a) work done on the particle, (b) change in the electric potential energy of the particle, and (c)
magnitude of the electric field.
Practice Exercise 2.5
The parallel plates of an air capacitor are separated by 2.25 mm. Each plate carries a charge of
6.50 nC. The magnitude of the electric field of the plates is 4.75×10 5 V/m. Find the (a) potential
difference between the plates, (b) capacitance, and (c) area of a plate.
A parallel plate capacitor consists of two rectangular plates, each with an area of 4.5 cm² and
separated from each other by a 2.00 mm thick dielectric with a dielectric constant of 5.26. The capacitor
is connected to a 12.0 V battery. How much energy is stored in the capacitor?
Kiel Benedick M. Gianan
12 – Canary
Pre-test
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F
Practice Exercise
An electrician experienced a mild shock when he accidentally touched a wire carrying 5.0 mA for
approximately 1.0 s. How many electrons constitute the given current?
Given:
I =5.0 mA
t=1.0 s
Solution:
Q=change flowsthrough a wire∈ giventime
Q=¿
∴ Q=5 ×10−3 C
Q=total no . of electrons × charge on electron
Q=ne
−19
e=1.6 × 10
5 ×10−3=n ( 1.6 ×10−19 )
∴ n=3.125 ×10 16
GIVEN:
The resistance of the resistor is given as 243 ×105 ± 10 %
The temperature coefficient of resistance is given as, α =25 ×10−6 / ∁° or α =25 ppm/ ∁
°
SOLUTION:
From the table, the color code of the resistor is found as:
2 ⟶ RED
3 ⟶ ORANGE
4 ⟶YELLOW
5
10 Ω∨100 k Ω ⟶ GREEN
10 % ⟶ SILVER
∘
25 ppm/ ∁ ⟶YELLOW
A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) uses less energy than its equivalent incandescent bulb. How
much will a person save if he/she uses a 20 W CFL instead of a 100 W incandescent lamp for 6 h in 30
days? Electricity is priced at ₱8.17/kWh.
Given:
P CFL = 20 W Equation:
Solution:
ECFL = PCFL
= 3600 W ⋅ h
ECFL = 3.6 kW ⋅ h
E Incandescent = P Incandescent t
= 18000 W ⋅ h
E Incandescent = 18 kW ⋅ h
A person plugged a 1250 W hair dryer and a 2500 W electric heater into the same 120 V outlet
protected by a 7.5 A circuit breaker. Will the breaker trip?
Given:
Solution:
P = VI
= (120V) (7.5A)
P = 900 W
Hence, the power consumption by a heater and hair dryer is higher the maximum power. So, the
breaker will trip.
Kiel Benedick M. Gianan
12 – Canary
Test Yourself
Chapter 1
1. C 6. D 11. A
2. C 7. A 12. D
3. A 8. A 13. A
4. B 9. B 14. A
5. A 10. B 15. B
Chapter 2
1. B 6. B 11. D
2. D 7. C 12. B
3. A 8. C 13. D
4. D 9. C 14. D
5. A 10. C 15. D
Chapter 3
1. C 6. A 11. A
2. B 7. C 12. A
3. A 8. C 13. C
4. B 9. D 14. B
5. A 10. D 15. C