Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Physio Ex Exercise 6 Activity 5

    Uploaded by

    Roland Calipayan Jr.
    403 views4 pages
    This document summarizes a PhysioEx lab report on the effects of various ions on heart rate. The student examined how calcium, sodium, and potassium affect heart rate. As predicted, calcium increased heart rate while potassium initially decreased it. The student scored 100% on pre-lab, experiment, and post-lab quizzes. The results supported that calcium increases contraction pressure and heart rate, while excess potassium lowers resting potential and contraction pressure.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document summarizes a PhysioEx lab report on the effects of various ions on heart rate. The student examined how calcium, sodium, and potassium affect heart rate. As predicted, calcium increased heart rate while potassium initially decreased it. The student scored 100% on pre-lab, experiment, and post-lab quizzes. The results supported that calcium increases contraction pressure and heart rate, while excess potassium lowers resting potential and contraction pressure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    403 views4 pages

    Physio Ex Exercise 6 Activity 5

    Uploaded by

    Roland Calipayan Jr.
    This document summarizes a PhysioEx lab report on the effects of various ions on heart rate. The student examined how calcium, sodium, and potassium affect heart rate. As predicted, calcium increased heart rate while potassium initially decreased it. The student scored 100% on pre-lab, experiment, and post-lab quizzes. The results supported that calcium increases contraction pressure and heart rate, while excess potassium lowers resting potential and contraction pressure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    01/17/2024 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

    PhysioEx Lab Report


    Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology
    Activity 5: Examining the Effects of Various Ions on Heart Rate
    Name: Roland Calipayan Jr.
    Date: 17 January 2024
    Session ID: session-6b88988f-12e6-dc9d-648b-3fb1f6e545y8

    Pre-lab Quiz Results


    You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

    1 Which organelle in the cardiac muscle cell stores calcium?

    You correctly answered: sarcoplasmic reticulum.

    2 Verapamil is a calcium-channel blocker. Its effects could be described as

    You correctly answered: negative chronotropic and negative inotropic.

    3 When the cardiac muscle cell is at rest, where is most of the potassium found? You

    correctly answered: in the cytosol.

    4 Resting cardiac muscle cells are most permeable to

    You correctly answered: potassium.

    Experiment Results
    Predict Questions

    1 Predict Question 1: Because calcium-channel blockers are negative chronotropic and negative
    inotropic, what effect do you think increasing the concentration of calcium will have on heart rate?

    Your answer: positive chronotropic, positive inotropic.

    2 Predict Question 2: Excess potassium outside of the cardiac cell decreases the resting potential
    of the plasma membrane, thus decreasing the force of contraction. What effect (if any) do you
    think it will initially have on heart rate?

    Your answer: decrease heart rate.

    Stop & Think Question


    1 Where in the cardiac muscle cell is most of the sodium normally found?

    https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act5/ 1/4
    01/17/2024 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

    You correctly answered: outside of the cell.

    Experiment Data

    Solution Heart Rate (beats/min)


    ---- 62
    Calcium 72
    Sodium ~34
    Potassium ~28

    https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act5/ 2/4
    01/17/2024 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

    Post-lab Quiz Results


    You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

    1 The addition of most of the ions resulted in

    You correctly answered: an erratic, decreased heart rate.

    2 The effect of potassium on the heart is

    You correctly answered: negative chronotropic, negative inotropic.

    3 The ion that had the most pronounced effect on heart rate was You

    correctly answered: potassium.

    4 Ectopic pacemakers can be caused by excessive leakage of potassium into cardiac cells,
    resulting in pacemakers appearing in abnormal locations in the heart muscle. This hyperkalemia
    (excess potassium) decreases the resting potential of the cardiac muscle cell. What effect do you
    think this would have on the force of contraction?

    You correctly answered: decrease, negative inotropic.

    Review Sheet Results


    1 Describe the effect that increasing the calcium ions had on the heart in this activity. How well did
    the results compare with your prediction?

    Your answer:

    The blood is pumped more forcefully and the heart beats more quickly as expected due to an
    increase in heart rate and contraction pressure.

    2 Describe the effect that increasing the potassium ions initially had on the heart in this
    activity. Relate this to the resting membrane potential of the cardiac muscle cell. How well i
    https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act5/ 3/4
    01/17/2024 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

    did the results compare with your prediction?

    Your answer:

    As expected, high potassium ions lower the contraction pressure and resting potential.

    3 Describe how calcium channel blockers are used to treat patients and why?

    Your answer:

    They obstruct the flow of calcium through the channels in every action potential path. Reduced
    heart rate, peripheral resistance, and contraction pressure are all brought on by decreased
    calcium.

    https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act5/ 4/4

    You might also like