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Module 7 Opportunities and Threats in Media Information
Module 7 Opportunities and Threats in Media Information
Media and
Information
Literacy
Quarter 4 – Module 7:
Opportunities, Challenges and Threats in Media and
Information
What’s In
Recall what you have learned during the previous discussion about the
following terminologies.
1. fake news
2. copyright
3. intellectual property
4. fair use
5. netiquette
6. digital footprint
7. data privacy
8. trademark
9. cyberbullying
10. computer addiction
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What’s New
1. Maria uses the Internet as the major source of his school research and other
academic activities.
2. Mrs. Diaz, an English teacher does not allow her students to go to the library to
gather data and information needed for the presentation.
3. Cora believes that development is always accompanied by some risks and
threats.
4. The school principal encourages the teachers to use technology in the daily
presentation of lessons.
5. Zenaida bought some pirated CDs and DVDs as her gift to her father this
Christmas.
6. Carlo shops online without double checking the credibility of the store website.
7. Parents of some students refuse to accept media innovation due to lack of
technology skills training and awareness.
8. Mrs. Santos uses the traditional methods of teaching despite advancements in
technology.
9. Dado shares his FB account passwords to his friends.
10. Some people use the internet to recruit workers for non-existent jobs.
11. Mr. Cruz welcomes the opinions and personal judgements of his students during
class discussions.
12. A group of campus journalists published a false article in the school paper.
13. Millennials believe in the power of media and technology.
14. The School Management always respects the feelings and sentiments of the
workers.
15. The boss sends the memo online despite the limited online access by the
workers.
Processing:
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What is It
A Powerful Tool
Media and information literacy, an essential component of the Senior High
School Curriculum, fosters equitable access to information and knowledge, which, in
turn, open up opportunities. It is a field that deals with the effects of various mass
media.
Media and information are a powerful voice of the people to express feelings
and thoughts. People nowadays are already media and information literate, but to
engage in a digital society, one needs to be able to use these tools, and inquire,
understand, communicate, and think critically.
Opportunities
Online Shopping. Through online shopping and by using a web browser,
consumers can directly buy goods over the internet. Consumers may visit the website
of the retailer directly or search alternative vendors’ websites using a shopping search
engine.
Citizen Journalism. It is the collection, dissemination and analysis of news and
information by the general public, especially by means of internet.
Suggested definition of Citizen Journalism from International Media Support, which
references to “untrained” citizens, on page 4 of the document on this link:
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https://www.mediasupport.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Zim_IMS-Citizen-
Journalism-1-1.pdf)
Online Education. With internet connection, anyone can earn a degree without
having to attend face-to-face class sessions.
Challenges
Illegal content. The Internet has also been, and continues to be, used by
unscrupulous people to further their illegal activities, like human trafficking, the use
of force, force, fraud, or coercion to obtain a commercial sex act or labor, and child
pornography. Some groups also use the internet to further the ideas of racism and
discrimination.
Privacy invasion and identity theft. Data posted on the Internet may be accessed
and used for illegal activities. Personal information may be willing shared as pictures
or text on social media or inadvertently given by users as part of such offerings as
games or surveys. It is important for users to be aware of the risks before they decide
to share their personal data. A way to get sensitive personal information is phishing.
It is the fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information such as username,
passwords and credit card details by disguising oneself as a trustworthy entity in an
electronic communication.
Libel / Slander
A person commits libel if he/she, with malice, publishes a false statement
that is damaging to another person’s reputation, office, trade, business or means of
livelihood. n the Philippine constitution, libel is a violation of Article 355 of the
Revised Penal Code. As stated in this article, libel can be committed in the form of
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writing, printing, and other similar means. If the hurtful statement is spoken, the
statement is slander.
Piracy
Piracy refers to the unauthorized duplication of copyrighted content that is
then sold at substantially lower prices in the black market. It is illegal under the
Cybercrime Law, which states that acquiring any digital copy of any copyrighted
material is punishable by fine from Php 200,000 to Php 500,000 and six to twenty
years in prison. The Intellectual Property Code and the Anti–Camcording Law were
previously in place to combat piracy in the country.
Piracy is a form of theft as it takes away from the producers and artists the
rightful compensation due them such as patent/royalty fees, product sales revenues,
etc . In 2011, the Washington-based office of the US Trade Representative (USTR) as
one of the world’s listed Quiapo in Manila among the 21 most “notorious markets”
for pirated and counterfeit goods. It was removed from the list in 2012, but over the
years, piracy has proliferated via the Internet, aided mainly by the ease of access to
technology.
Cybercrime Law
The Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10175) covers all
other online anomalies such as identity theft, child pornography, data misuse,
cybersquatting and other computer-related and internet facilitated practices. This
law became controversial in 2012-2013 since it also criminalizes libel in the online
world, limiting certain exercises of freedom of expression.
Media Innovation
What is innovation? It is the process of developing a new method or process
or product that better serves existing uses or start to serve a previously unidentified
need. When we talk about media innovation, it includes the change in several aspects
of the media landscape – from the development of new media platforms to new
business models, to new ways of producing media texts changes in other areas such
as education, society, economy and politics.
Over time, there are always areas for improvement and advancement in media.
Innovation in media would mean new media associated with telephones and
communications, computers and internet, virtual worlds, website games, human
computer interface, computer animation and other related media improvements and
advancements.
Influence of Media on Education
Nowadays, media plays a crucial role in strengthening society as it helps us to
know the current societal issues not only locally but also globally. It also enhances
the teaching and learning processes inside the four walls of the classrooms. Media
comes in different forms and each form affects the way people learn and interpret
information.
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Some platforms can be employed to reinforce concepts and spark discussions, such
as short films, written articles, blog postings, and other digital media. Teachers can
use modern technology, such as an interactive Smart Board, to deliver the lessons
and activities. However, a piece of chalk, blackboard, Manila paper and other non-
digital or non-interactive interactive instruments like CDs and DVDs can still be used
to aid teachers in conducting lessons if the resources are limited.
Various media can be used in the classrooms to hone critical thinking and problem-
solving skills. For instance, a teacher can start and facilitate a discussion on an
opinion article in a blog, asking students whether they agree on the position taken
by the author and why / why not. Indeed, media’s power should be harnessed to
educate people – enlightening people’s minds and training people to form opinions
and find solutions to societal problems.
Influence on Society
Media’s power appears unstoppable. Almost everyone is exposed to countless
media images, advertisements, magazines, etc. With the advent of social media like
Facebook, Instagram, Messenger, Twitter, email and the like, we are connected in
ways that were not possible before. The communication line is always open. Because
of these, necessary societal interactions, camaraderie, and development of
friendships are facilitated.
The way we now deal with people with different personalities, opinions, and
ideas, the way we access information about human life, relationships, education,
careers, entertainment, and others, and the way we do business to promote products
and services online are all conducted with modern media. These interactions are very
different from before, when the most prominent forms of media were magazines,
newspapers and books.
Economic Influence
The new media has made it possible for any individual to offer products and
services online. The various media platforms are a means to augment people’s
income. It is indeed true that the new media affect the economic progress and
stability of the country.
Innovation in media has likewise created new online jobs opportunities such
as tutorials in various subjects, airline booking, art selling, product reviews on
YouTube, blogging, photography and other IT related jobs.
Social media was once an expensive platform for businesses to advertise their
products/services. But nowadays, any media-literate person and business entity can
set up his / her/ its own brand to reach people and sell products and services easily.
Political Influence
With the wider internet reach in the Philippines and the corresponding
increase in Filipino social media users, political individuals and parties and
government agencies have realized the effectiveness and power of social media
platforms in terms of public communication.
Digital Diplomacy, also called E-diplomacy or Digi diplomacy is a government’s use
of social media and information technology to communicate to the public, especially
foreign public. Foreign ministries, embassies and other government agencies have
social media accounts especially on Twitter and Facebook.
Spreading information through social media enables to directly send messages
quickly and cost-effectively to the target audiences, without convening a press
conference or sending a press release to news agencies. Because of this, people now
have greater participation on issues facing the country and the world.
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People have become informed about the subjects they need or want. Through
media reports focusing on the government programs, activities, and issues, the
public is informed about the political affairs and functions of the country.
Not all media effects are positive. One of the current issues about social media
on political affairs is the spread of fake news, both locally and abroad. The difficulty
of confirming whether social media news reports are true has led to the abuse of the
medium by interest groups who share half-truths or outright lies, which has led
Facebook and Twitter to remove fake accounts and purveyors of untruths.
What’s More
A. Using a separate sheet of paper, write an essay focusing on one of the following
topics: (Choose one topic only. Be guided by the essay rubrics below where 3 gets the
highest point and 1 is the lowest.)
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B. Determine in which sector the following situations can be categorized. Write
the letter of your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
A. EDUCATION C. POLITICAL
B. ECONOMIC D. SOCIAL
1. Media enhances the learning and teaching processes inside the classroom.
2. Teacher makes use of the technology in lesson execution.
3. Teacher makes use of the Manila paper, chalk and board as aids for teaching.
4. School head encourages the teachers to consider films and documentaries
and other interactive lessons in the teaching activity.
5. Michael opens a “lechon-manok” store and promotes his products in the city
FB group account.
6. Company employers create various IT-related jobs.
7. Government figures carry out the web for some diplomatic objectives.
8. The mayor addresses issues in his social media account instead of holding a
press conference.
9. Residents of the community question the legality of a city councilor’s funding
of the construction of flower boxes in the center of the barangay sidewalks.
10. The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein
power is equally divided among its three branches.
11. Teacher considers the use of written articles and blog postings as some
teaching methodologies.
12. The company manager accepts the idea that technology is unavoidable.
13. Nelly always opens her communication line with relatives abroad using
Facebook messenger.
14. The Santos Family tries to develop connection and interaction among family
members using the higher version of technology.
15. Sally makes a lot of money from her online business, where she promotes
services and products on her Facebook account.
Ponder on the following questions and answer them. Be guided by the rubrics
below. Use separate sheets.
1. What situations demonstrate the power of media and information?
2. What opportunities can be gained if people use media and information
properly?
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Needs Fair Good Excellent
Improvement
Correctness (The ideas use
correct grammatical rules)
What I Can Do
You are challenged to conduct an interview with at least five vloggers/ social
media influencers. Explore the various reasons why they engage in vlogging. Ask
what they consider as the pros and cons of vlogging. The results of the interview
could be shared at once. Use various communication gadgets to gather needed data
and information. Be guided by the following rubrics in conducting an effective
interview.
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Assessment
Additional Activities
Explain the following concepts of media literacy in few sentences. Be guided by the
rubrics below. Use separate sheets.
1. All media messages are constructed.
2. Media messages are constructed using a creative language with its own rules.
3. Different people experience the same media message differently.
4. Media have embedded values and points of view.
5. Most media messages are organized to gain profit and/or power.
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Clearness (The
ideas are
presented well)
Unity
(The ideas have single
complete thought)
Emphasis
(The ideas have relative
importance)
References
“Better Economic Opportunities”. (December 21, 2019).
https://www.forbes,com>quora. Accessed
Cantor, O. L. (2016). Media and Information Literacy. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.
Buntain, C. and Golbeck, J. (2017). “Automatically Identifying Fake News in
Popular Twitter Threads”. IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud.
Downloaded from Arxiv.org on January 3, 2020.
US Department of Homeland Security. “What Is Human Trafficking?”
https://www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/what-
humantrafficking#:~:text=Human%20trafficking%20involves%20the%20use
,labor
%20or%20commercial%20sex%20act.&text=Traffickers%20use%20force%2
C%20fraud%2C%20or,labor%20or%20commercial%20sexual%20exploitatio
n. Accessed January 2, 2020.
Pitagan, F.B (2016). Teaching Guide for Senior High School: Media and
Information Literacy. Quezon City. CHED.
UNESCO (undated). Internet Opportunities and Challenges. <http://unesco.milfor-
teachers-unaoc.org/modules/module-7/>. Accessed October 29,
2019.
Latonero M. “Human Trafficking Online: The Role of Social Networking Sites
and Online Classified”. (2011) Accessed December 8, 2019
https://Internet Safety 101.org>traffic.
Rogers T. “Understanding Citizen Journalism”. (2019). Accessed December
8, 2019 https://www.thoughtco.com. Social Media: Opportunities and
Challenges.
<http://journal.opted.org/article/social-media-opportunities-
andchallenges>. Accessed October 29, 2019 Social Media: Threats, Risks
and Security. https://study.com/academy/lesson/ Accessed
October 29, 2019
What is a Phishing Attack? https://www.imperva.com>learn. Accessed December 8,
2019.
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