Formulating Evaluative Statements

Fo r m u l a t i n g
Ev a l u a t i v e
Statements
Reported by：Bea Kris
It is a statement that state one's
sound judgement about something
through writing which is supported
Evaluative by reasons and evidences. It also
Statements present the strengths and
weaknesses of something based on
a set of criteria which needs to be
factual, substantial,and unbiased.
To Formulate an Evaluative Statements,
one needs to send the entire text
carefully and critically to understand and
How to to check for possible fallacies in the
argument presented by the writer. Just
Formulate an like any other writing,the formulation of
Evaluative the Evaluative Statements is done in the
Statements? same way except that the statement is
about your own judgement of the text's
content and properties. You may
Formulate your Evaluative Statements in
two ways such as formulating assertions
and counterclaims.
To Form Evaluative Statement

1. Begin with the positive before you point out the
negatives.Rememberyour evaluative statement should be
factual, substantial, and unbiased.When given your negative
feedback,it should not sound insulting on thepart of evaluatee (
one who is evaluated).
2. Suggest a solution/s or suggestion/s on how to improve the
written material being evaluated and provide justification how
these will work.
3. Keep your feedback concise and precise.
4. Be careful in giving your feedback, Since evaluation pass
judgement onto works of authors,they must be written and
expressed with care and much diligence.
Asse r tion an d It's Typ e
Reported by：Margie
A good critical reader does not only understand
the meaning of a reading material but also
logically evaluates whether the claims of the
writer are true or false. Assertion serve as
primary ways for the readers to consider and
possibly agree with the claims presented by the
writer in an expository writing.
As s er tion are the d eclarative
s entenc es that g iv e one's b elief
ab out s omething els e as if it's true
though it may not b e. I t is expres s ed
as an arg ument, Us ually thes e
asser tions contain lauanges that
expresses evaluation such as useful,
s ignific ant , impo rt ant , t ho ught ful,
de t aile d, up-t o -dat e ,
c o mpre he ns ive ,prac t ic al, For example, you were asked to answer the
question,"Do you believe education should
impre s s ive ,e t c continue regardless of the situation we are
facing right now?",and you would give your
opinion or argument about it. Afterwards,you
would make an assertions wether you agree
or disagree with the issue, thus,take a stand
and support with your reasons.
Four types of assertions:
1. Fact -is a statement that can be proven objectively by direct experience, testimonies
of witnesses, verified observation,or the results of research
Example:
According to experts ,seawater contains high amount of minerals
such as sodium, chloride, sulphate, magnesium, and calcium.( The
first sample sentence is classified as a fact since the minerals
content of seawater can be tested and proven through
experiments and researchers.
2. Convention - is a way in which something is done similar to traditional and norms. It's
truthfulness can be verified only by reference to historical precedents,laws,rules, usage,
and customs. Something to note about conventions is that they sound factual due to their
being derived from customs, but because they are socially accepted ways of doing
things,they cannot be verified objectively by measurements.
Example:
Seawater is classified as a heterozygous and homogeneous
mixture.(The second sample sentence is a convention because
the classification of seawater is based on the classification
system made by scientistand is acceptableto the scientific
community.
3. Opinion - is a statement based on facts but is difficult to
objectively verify because of the uncertainty of producing
satisfactory people of soundness. Opinion results from
ambiguities,the more ambiguous a statement,the more difficult
to verify,thus they are open to disputes.
Example:
Swimming in seawater is the best activity to reflesh and
relax your mind,body and soul.( The third sample sentence is an
opinion since the claimis difficult to prove .The truthfulness of the
claim may be true to some but not to others.
4. Preference- states a personal choice in which the writer
is under no obligation to support or prove the truthfulness of
the statement.They are subjective and cannot be objectively
proven or logically attacked.
Example:
I love to make frequent trips to places with seawater
than those without it.(The fourth sample sentence is a
preference because it expresses the personal choice of the
writer to places with seawater over those places without it.)
Steps in Formulating Assertion
1. Examine which ideas are facts and which are opinion - this is very important,and
how are you going to know it? By simply doing research and doing more.
2. Make inferences or conclusions
- You have to read between the lines you infer and make your own conclusions in
creating parts of the blooms taxonomy of the cognitive domain.
3. Assess the overall quality of the text.
- You can only do that after you have read the text, understood the text ,analyze the
text and create your own assessment or evaluation, so you weigh in the strengths and
weaknesses.Thus how we formulate Assertion and do we identify which type of
Assertion by its definition,So in formulating Assertion these are the steps that we
follow in Evaluative Statements.The first step is to formulate Assertion that's why we're
taking about this,Next is to formulate meaningful counterclaim.
Counterc laims thes e are c laims
mad e to offs et or oppos e the c laim
presented in a text .These are to
formulated with c ritic al thinking and
suppor ted by evidence solid enough
to d is prove or reb ut the c laims
p r e s e n t e d b y t h e w r i t e r.
(From the word itself,it says counterclaims so it

opposes the claim made by the writer in the
text we have read)
Hedges- this refer to a word or phrase that serve the purpose of
minimiz ing the negative impac t of c ritic is m s tated in
c ounterc laim.Hed ges c ome in the forms of mod als ,ad verb s of
f r e q u e n c y a n d a d v e r b s o f p r o b a b i l i t y. ( H e d g e s a r e u s e d t o
provide a cour teous tone in writing, because even though it says
counterclaim in that,it is supposed to offset or oppose the claim
mad e b y the writer in the text,if the writer c laim:
R e a d i n g a l o u d i m p r o v e s o n e m e m o r y.
( T his is a c laim mad e b y the writer in the text that you have
read in formulating your c ounterc laim,you d o not s imply s ay:
R e a d i n g a l o u d d o e s n o t i m p r o v e o n e ' s m e m o r y.
Yo u d o n' t s a y t h a t , t h a t ' s j u s t n e g a t i v e c l a i m , i t i s n o t
opposing the claim an negating the claim is wrong because it
makes it an ab s olute truth what you have jus t s aid and you may b e
wrong,b ut there is no margin for error b ec aus e you mad e an
ab s olute true s tatement.
S o what d o you d o ins tead is you make us e of hed ges in ord er to
provide a cour teous tone so you do not just negate,you oppose but
i n a p o l i t e m a n n e r.
Instead:
R e a d i n g a l o u d m a y n o t b e i m p r o v e o n e ' s m e m o r y.
1 . M a k e u s e o f H e d g i n g D e v i c e s s u c h a s M o d a l s Ve r b
- u s i n g m o d a l v e r b s ( c o u l d , c a n , m a y, m i g h t , e t c . ) a l l o w y o u t o
s often an ab s olute s tatement.
Compare the example b elow:
· This text is inappropriate for graduate students who are new to
the field .(Ab s olute s tatement)
· T his text mayb e inappropriate for grad uate s tud ents who are
new to the field.(Hedging)
2. Q ualifying Ad jectives and ad verbs
- u s i n g q u a l i f y i n g A d j e c t i v e s a n d a d v e r b s ( p o s s i b l e , l i k e l y,
p o s s i b l y, s o m e w h e r e , e t c . ) a l l o w s y o u t o i n t r o d u c e a l e v e l o f
prob ab ility into your c omments .
Compare the example b elow:
· Read ers will find the theoretic al mod el d iffic ult to
understand.
· S ome Read ers will prob ab ly find the theoretic al
m o d e l s o m e w h a t d i f f i c u l t t o u n d e r s t a n d c o m p l e t e l y.
3 . T e n t a t i v e Ve r b s
- u s i n g a t e n t a t i v e Ve r b s ( s e e m s , i n d i c a t e d , s u g g e s t ,
etc .) als o allows you to s often an ab s olute s tatement.
Compare the examples b elow:
· T his omis s ion s hows that the authors are not aware
of the current literature.
·T his omis s ion ind ic ated that the authors are not
aware of the current literature.
·T his omis s ion s eems to s ugges t that the authors are
not aware of the current literature.
How to make a c ounterc laims :
1 . W r i t e y o u r s t a n c e s t r o n g a n d c l e a r.
Yo u r s t a n c e i s y o u r c o u n t e r c l a i m .
2. Explain your c ounterc laim.
3. Reb ut your c ounterc laim.

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Fo r m u l a t i n g

(From the word itself,it says counterclaims so it

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