Psse Assignment

ASSIGNMENT 03
Name: R.L.T.Thisirini
Course: Msc. in Electrical Engineering
EXERCISE 3 – POWER SYSTEM OPERATION
12 Bus Power System:
1. One circuit of line 7-8 out of service:

Reports after solved using Newton Raphson method with Flat start:
Bus based report:
PTI INTERACTIVE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR--PSS(R)E SAT, OCT 10 2020 11:40
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM RATING %MVA FOR TRANSFORMERS
SET 1 % I FOR NON-TRANSFORMER BRANCHES
BUS 1 BUS1 230.00 CKT MW MVAR MVA % 1.0510PU -0.26 X--- LOSSES ---X X---- AREA -----X X---- ZONE -----X 1
241.72KV MW MVAR 1 1
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 -82.4 38.5 90.9 0.76 7.59 1 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 260.0 -114.0 283.9 19.15 18.73 3 1
TO 7 BUS7 345.00 1 321.3 -27.7 322.5 1.0000LK 0.00 0.94 1 1
TO 9 BUS9 22.000 1 -499.0 103.2 509.5 1.0000LK 0.00 2.35 1 1
BUS 2 BUS2 230.00 CKT MW MVAR MVA % 1.0187PU 4.04 X--- LOSSES ---X X---- AREA -----X X---- ZONE -----X 2
TO LOAD-PQ 280.0 200.0 344.1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 83.1 -50.0 97.0 0.76 7.59 1 1
TO 5 BUS5 230.00 1 136.9 -23.1 138.8 5.12 50.01 2 1
TO 10 BUS10 22.000 1 -500.0 -127.0 515.9 1.0000LK 0.00 2.56 1 1
TO LOAD-PQ 320.0 240.0 400.0
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 96.1 8.8 96.5 0.87 8.66 2 1
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 2 96.1 8.8 96.5 0.87 8.66 2 1
TO 8 BUS8 345.00 1 -312.3 -52.1 316.6 1.0000LK 0.00 0.99 2 1
TO 11 BUS11 22.000 1 -200.0 -205.5 286.7 1.0000LK 0.00 0.81 2 1
TO LOAD-PQ 320.0 240.0 400.0
TO SHUNT 0.0 -155.8 155.8
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 -95.3 -17.8 96.9 0.87 8.66 2 1
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 2 -95.3 -17.8 96.9 0.87 8.66 2 1
TO 5 BUS5 230.00 1 -31.4 -39.3 50.4 0.34 3.31 2 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 -98.0 -9.3 98.4 2.87 28.10 3 1
TO LOAD-PQ 100.0 60.0 116.6
TO SHUNT 0.0 -64.5 64.5
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 -131.8 16.6 132.8 5.12 50.01 1 1
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 31.8 -12.1 34.0 0.34 3.31 2 1
TO LOAD-PQ 440.0 300.0 532.5
TO SHUNT 0.0 -182.7 182.7
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 -240.9 76.1 252.6 19.15 18.73 1 1
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 100.9 -15.8 102.1 2.87 28.10 2 1
TO 12 BUS12 22.000 1 -300.0 -177.6 348.6 1.0000LK 0.00 2.40 3 1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 -321.3 28.6 322.6 1.0000UN 0.00 0.94 1 1
TO 8 BUS8 345.00 1 321.3 -28.6 322.6 8.99 89.47 2 1
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 312.3 53.0 316.8 1.0000UN 0.00 0.99 2 1
TO 7 BUS7 345.00 1 -312.3 -53.0 316.8 8.99 89.47 1 1
FROM GENERATION 499.0 -100.9R 509.1 509 23.100KV MW MVAR 1 1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 499.0 -100.9 509.1 1.0000UN 0.00 2.35 1 1
FROM GENERATION 500.0 129.5R 516.5 517 22.440KV MW MVAR 1 1
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 500.0 129.5 516.5 1.0000UN 0.00 2.56 1 1
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 200.0 206.3 287.3 1.0000UN 0.00 0.81 2 1
FROM GENERATION 300.0 180.0H 349.9 350 22.239KV MW MVAR 3 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 300.0 180.0 349.9 1.0000UN 0.00 2.40 3 1
Voltage Limit Checking Report:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:
BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV AREA V(PU) V(KV) BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV AREA V(PU) V(KV)
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0510 241.72 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0512 362.68
BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:
* NONE *
Result Summary: According to the voltage limit checking report, Voltages of Bus 1and Bus 7 has increased after
one of 7-8 line was out of service.
Solution:
I. Modifications of scheduled voltages.
Decreased Bus 9 Plant Vshed(pu) by 0.01 (Value is 1.04 pu)
Decreased Bus 10 Plant Vshed(pu) by 0.06 (Value is 0.96 pu)
Results:
Voltage Limit Checking Report after changed Bus 9 and 10 Plant voltage values
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Transmission Line loading checking report:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
SUBSYSTEM LOADING CHECK (INCLUDED: LINES; BREAKERS AND SWITCHES; TRANSFORMERS) (EXCLUDED: NONE)
LOADINGS ABOVE 50.0 % OF RATING (MVA FOR TRANSFORMERS, CURRENT FOR NON-TRANSFORMER BRANCHES):
X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV AREA BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV AREA CKT LOADING RATE1 PERCENT
* NONE
Results Summary: Operating voltages and generation limits satisfy the power system constraints and
achieved safe operation.
2. Contingency 1: Tripped one circuit of line 3-4
Result:
Voltage limits checking report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
2 BUS2 230.00 1 0.8713 200.40 3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.5421 124.68
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.0000 0.004 5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.0010 0.236
6 BUS6 230.00 3 0.9097 209.24 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.5474 188.85
10 BUS10 22.000 1 0.8747 19.244 11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.5465 12.022
12 BUS12 22.000 3 0.9136 20.100
Solution:
Switched off two reactors that have been connected to bus 4 and 5.
Limit Checking Report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Bus Based Report:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM RATING %MVA FOR TRANSFORMERS
SET 1 % I FOR NON-TRANSFORMER BRANCHES
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 -76.7 93.4 120.9 1.40 14.03 1 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 278.2 -99.2 295.4 21.52 21.05 3 1
TO 7 BUS7 345.00 1 303.0 -40.4 305.7 1.0000LK 0.00 0.86 1 1
TO 9 BUS9 22.000 1 -504.5 46.2 506.6 1.0000LK 0.00 2.37 1 1
TO LOAD-PQ 280.0 200.0 344.1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 78.1 -97.2 124.7 1.40 14.03 1 1
TO 5 BUS5 230.00 1 141.9 -27.4 144.5 6.19 60.56 2 1
TO 10 BUS10 22.000 1 -500.0 -75.4 505.6 1.0000LK 0.00 2.78 1 1
TO LOAD-PQ 320.0 240.0 400.0
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 174.9 28.6 177.3 2.90 29.00 2 1
TO 8 BUS8 345.00 1 -294.9 -47.0 298.7 1.0000LK 0.00 0.88 2 1
TO 11 BUS11 22.000 1 -200.0 -221.6 298.5 1.0000LK 0.00 0.88 2 1
TO LOAD-PQ 320.0 240.0 400.0
TO SHUNT 0.0 -188.2 188.2
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 -172.0 -17.0 172.9 2.90 29.00 2 1
TO 5 BUS5 230.00 1 -35.3 -34.7 49.5 0.40 3.92 2 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 -112.7 -0.1 112.7 4.01 39.18 3 1
TO LOAD-PQ 100.0 60.0 116.6
TO SHUNT 0.0 -82.0 82.0
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 -135.7 36.0 140.4 6.19 60.56 1 1
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 35.7 -14.0 38.3 0.40 3.92 2 1
TO LOAD-PQ 440.0 300.0 532.5
TO SHUNT 0.0 -175.6 175.6
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 -256.7 65.2 264.8 21.52 21.05 1 1
TO 4 BUS4 230.00 1 116.7 -12.0 117.3 4.01 39.18 2 1
TO 12 BUS12 22.000 1 -300.0 -177.5 348.6 1.0000LK 0.00 2.49 3 1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 -303.0 41.3 305.8 1.0000UN 0.00 0.86 1 1
TO 8 BUS8 345.00 1 303.0 -41.3 305.8 8.06 80.21 2 1
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 294.9 47.9 298.8 1.0000UN 0.00 0.88 2 1
TO 7 BUS7 345.00 1 -294.9 -47.9 298.8 8.06 80.21 1 1
FROM GENERATION 504.5 -43.8R 506.4 506 22.880KV MW MVAR 1 1
TO 1 BUS1 230.00 1 504.5 -43.8 506.4 1.0000UN 0.00 2.37 1 1
TO 2 BUS2 230.00 1 500.0 78.1 506.1 1.0000UN 0.00 2.78 1 1
TO 3 BUS3 230.00 1 200.0 222.4 299.1 1.0000UN 0.00 0.88 2 1
FROM GENERATION 300.0 180.0H 349.9 350 21.812KV MW MVAR 3 1
TO 6 BUS6 230.00 1 300.0 180.0 349.9 1.0000UN 0.00 2.49 3 1
Transmission Line loading checking report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
achieved safe operation
Results:
Voltage Limit checking report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.8958 206.03 4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.8275 190.33
5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.9172 210.96 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.8970 309.48
11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.8985 19.766
Transmission loading limits checking report:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
Solution: Switch off shunt reactance that has been connected to bus 4 and 5
Results:
Voltage limits checking report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
achieved safe operation
4. Check for safe operation under off peak condition:
Results:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1622 267.30 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2353 284.13
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2612 290.08 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1108 255.48
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1618 400.84 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1615 25.553
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1097 24.414
* NONE *
Solution:
Switched off the Capacitor that has been connected to Bus 4, 5 and 6
Results:
Voltage limit checking report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
4.1. Contingency 1: Tripped one circuit of line 3-4 at off peak load condition
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1297 259.83 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2612 290.08
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2795 294.28 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1120 255.76
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1297 389.74 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1290 24.838
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1109 24.440
* NONE *
Solution: Switched off all Shunt capacitors and reactors
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
4.2. Contingency 2: Tripped one circuit of line 4-5

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1094 255.17 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1637 267.66
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.1672 268.47 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.0985 252.66
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1096 382.81 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1087 24.392
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.0974 24.143
* NONE *
Solution:
Switched off Shunt capacitor and reactor of Bus 4
Switch off Shunt capacitor of Bus 6
Reduce the capacitance value of Bus 5 capacitor bank to 40 Mvar
Results
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *

PTI INTERACTIVE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR--PSS(R)E SAT, OCT 10 2020 13.29
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
Results:
Power plant dispatches
Scenario Peak Load Off peak load

Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant
Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12 Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12
7-8 Line out of service 500.9 500 200 300 395.2 500 200 300
Contingency 1 504.5 500 200 300 395.4 500 200 300
Contingency 2 502.6 500 200 300 395 500 200 300
Specified voltage values

Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant Plant
Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12 Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12
7-8 Line out of service 1.04 0.96 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.02 1.01 1.02
Contingency 1 1.04 0.96 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.02 1.01 1.02
Contingency 2 1.04 0.96 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.02 1.01 1.02
Shunt compensation

Bus 4 Bus 4 Bus 5 Bus 5 Bus 6 Bus 4 Bus 4 Bus 5 Bus 5 Bus 6
Cap. Reac. Cap. Reac. Cap. Cap. Reac. Cap. Reac. Cap.
7-8 Line out of service On On On On On Off On Off On Off
Contingency 1 On Off On Off On Off Off Off Off Off
Contingency 2 On Off On Off On Off Off 40Mvar On Off
Discussion
Peak Condition:
12 Bus system has been solved for the peak and off peak load conditions of this report for the several scenarios. Aim of this
exercise is to use PSS/E power flow analysis to assess whether a power system can operate safely under a given loading
conditions. This kind of studies called as power system operational studies.
7-8 line was out of service throughout the period for create a somewhat stressed condition in the power system because
we needed to find the safest operation conditions when all are in critical situations.
The 7-8 line was out of service then 1 and 7 became overloaded. Therefore following modifications were done for get the
system to safest operation.
 Decreased Bus 9 Plant Vshed (pu) by 0.01 (Value is 1.04 pu)

 Decreased Bus 10 Plant Vshed (pu) by 0.06 (Value is 0.96 pu)
Here I did the modifications of specified voltages at generator buses. Bus 7 and bus 1 connected to bus 9 generator bus,
therefore decreasing of voltages are directly caused to get the increased bus voltages to safest condition.
Two contingency situations were carried out for the peak and off peak conditions. As a first contingency, 3-4 line was
changed as out of services and checked for the safest operation. At that time several Buses became under voltage.

2 BUS2 230.00 1 0.8713 200.40 3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.5421 124.68
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.0000 0.004 5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.0010 0.236
6 BUS6 230.00 3 0.9097 209.24 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.5474 188.85
10 BUS10 22.000 1 0.8747 19.244 11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.5465 12.022
12 BUS12 22.000 3 0.9136 20.100
Change of shunt compensation was carried out for get the system for safest operation. The two shunt reactors has been
connected to buses 4 and 5 were changed as out of service and system reached the safest operation.
As a second contingency, 4-5 line was changed as out of service and checked for the safest operation and following buses
violate constraints.
3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.8958 206.03 4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.8275 190.33
5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.9172 210.96 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.8970 309.48
11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.8985 19.766
System is reached safe operation by switching off shunt reactors one by one.
Off peak condition:
The load data has been given is for the peak condition and for the off peak load condition, all loads decreased to 40% of
the peak loading. At that time several buses became over voltage.
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1622 267.30 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2353 284.13
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2612 290.08 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1108 255.48
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1618 400.84 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1615 25.553
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1097 24.414
By switching off capacitors one by one, system reached safest operation.
Two contingencies are checked for the two critical scenarios. As first contingency, 3-4 line was changed as out of service
and checked for the safe operation.
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1297 259.83 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2612 290.08
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2795 294.28 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1120 255.76
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1297 389.74 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1290 24.838
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1109 24.440
By switching off all capacitors and reactors, system reached safe operation.
As second contingency, 4-5 line was changed as out of service and following buses became over voltage.
3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1094 255.17 4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1637 267.66
5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.1672 268.47 6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.0985 252.66
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1096 382.81 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1087 24.392
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.0974 24.143
For reached the safest operation of system following actions were recommended.
 Switched off Shunt capacitor and reactor of Bus 4

 Switched off Shunt capacitor of Bus 6
 Reduced the capacitance value of Bus 5 capacitor bank to 40 Mvar
EXERCISE 4 – POWER SYSTEM PLANNING
12 Bus Power System: Three new power plants are added and loads have been increased by 20%
Results:
Voltage Limit Checking Report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0513 241.80 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0521 362.96
* NONE *
Solution:
Switched off all shunt reactors and changed Bus 9 voltage to 1.04pu and Bus 10 voltage to 0.96
Results:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
1. One circuit of line 7-8 out of service:
Voltage Limit Checking Report:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0505 241.61 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0505 362.43
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.9459 217.55
Solution: All shunt reactors are switched off, Bus 9 voltage changed to 1.04 pu then new capacitor (100
Mvar) was added to the bus 4
Results: Voltage Limit Checking Report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE
2. Contingency 1: Tripped one circuit 3-4
Results:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
2 BUS2 230.00 1 0.8803 202.47 3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.5065 116.49
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.0000 0.000 5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.0000 0.000
6 BUS6 230.00 3 0.9123 209.84 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.5119 176.62
10 BUS10 22.000 1 0.8844 19.456 11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.5112 11.246
12 BUS12 22.000 3 0.9175 20.186
Solution:
Bus 4: Capacitor 300Mvar (before 200Mvar)/ bus5: Capacitor 100Mvar (before 80 Mvar)/bus 6: Capacitor 300 (before 180 Mvar), bus 10 voltage change to 1.01 pu
Voltage Limit Checking:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE
Results:

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.3901 89.730 4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.0000 0.000
5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.8842 203.36 6 BUS6 230.00 3 0.9129 209.96
8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.3970 136.97 11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.3962 8.715
12 BUS12 22.000 3 0.9180 20.197
Solution:
Results:
Limit Checking report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE
4. Check for safe operation under off peak condition:
Rsults:
Limit checking report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0509 241.71 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.0787 248.09
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1253 258.83 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.1621 267.29
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1079 254.82 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0521 362.96
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.0792 372.33 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.0779 23.714
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1064 24.342
* NONE *
Solution:
Switched off all shunt capacitors
Results:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE
4.1. Contingency 1: Out of service line 3-4
Results:
Voltage Limit checking report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0516 241.88 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1073 254.69
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2307 283.05 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2652 291.00
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1186 257.28 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0531 363.31
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1076 382.13 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1066 24.346
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1171 24.577
* NONE *
Solution: Decreased Bus 5 capacitor value to 20 Mvar, Dcreased bus 4 capacitor value to 120Mvar and added 20 Mvar.
Switched off Shunt capacitance that has been connected to bus 6
Results:
Voltage Limit checking report
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit checking report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
Contingency 2: Out of service Line 4-5
Result: Voltage Limit Checking Report:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0507 241.65 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.0751 247.28
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1218 258.00 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2309 283.11
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1030 253.69 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0518 362.87
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.0757 371.10 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.0744 23.636
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1015 24.233
* NONE *
Solution: Switched off shunt capacitors that have been connected to bus 4 and bus 6. Then decreased the
value of shunt capacitance to 20 Mvar that has been connected to bus 5
Result:
12 BUS POWER SYSTEM
* NONE *
* NONE *
Branch limit report

12 BUS POWER SYSTEM

* NONE *
Results:
Peak load
Power Plant Dispatch:
Scenario Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12

Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant1 Plant2 Plant1 Plant1 Plant2
(MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW)
New power plants added and 429 162.5 500 100 200 300 100
load increased 20%
7-8 Line out of service 440 166.7 500 100 200 300 100
Contingency 1 450.1 170.5 500 100 200 300 100
Contingency 2 439 116 500 100 200 300 100
Scheduled voltage values
Scenario Bus 9 (V) Bus 10 (V) Bus 11 (V) Bus 12 (V)
New power plants added and 1.04 0.96 1.01 1.02
load increased 20%
7-8 Line out of service 1.04 1.02 1.01 1.02
Contingency 1 1.05 1.01 1.01 1.02
Contingency 2 1.05 1.01 1.01 1.02
Shunt Compensation
Scenario Bus 4 Bus 5 Bus 6
Cap1 Cap2 new Reac1 Cap1 Cap2 new Reac1 Cap1 Cap 2 new
New power plants added and On Off On Off On
load increased 20%
7-8 Line out of service On 100 Mvar Off On Off On
Contingency 1 On 100 Mvar Off On 20 Mvar Off On 120Mvar
Contingency 2 On 100 Mvar Off On 20 Mvar Off On 120Mvar
Off Peak load
Power Plant Dispatch:

Scenario Bus 9 Bus 10 Bus 11 Bus 12
Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant1 Plant2 Plant1 Plant1 Plant2
(MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW)
7-8 Line out of service 338.9 128.4 500 100 200 300 100
Contingency 1 341.1 129.2 500 100 200 300 100
Contingency 2 337.9 129 500 100 200 300 100
Scheduled voltage values

Scenario Bus 9 (V) Bus 10 (V) Bus 11 (V) Bus 12 (V)
7-8 Line out of service 1.05 1.02 1.01 1,02
Contingency 1 1.05 1.02 1.01 1,02
Contingency 2 1.05 1.02 1.01 1,02
Shunt Compensation
Scenario Bus 4 Bus 5 Bus 6
Cap1 Cap2 new Reac1 Cap1 Cap2 new Reac1 Cap1 Cap 2 new
7-8 Line out of Off On Off On Off
service
Contingency 1 Dec. 120Mvar 20Mvar On 20 Mvar On Off
Contingency 2 Off On 20 Mvar On Off
Discussion:
Aim of this exercise is to use PSS/E to perform power flow planning studies. In a planning study. Safe operation
of power system in a future scenario has been examined.
Future configuration of this 12 Bus system has been assumed as 20% increment of demand. for supply that
increased demand current operating power plants are not enough, therefore three new power plants are added
to the system. There are two hydro power plants and one thermal power plant.
First, system has been solved with new data, but this time 7-8 line was in operation. Following Buses are became
overvoltage
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0513 241.80 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0521 362.96
Switched off all shunt reactors and changed Bus 9 voltage to 1.04pu and Bus 10 voltage to 0.96 to make power
system in safe operation
Then 7-8 line changed as out of service, because for create a somewhat stressed condition in the power system.
Then following lines became over voltage and under voltage.
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0505 241.61 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0505 362.43
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.9459 217.55
For achieved safest operation, All shunt reactors are switched off, Bus 9 voltage changed to 1.04 pu then new
capacitor (100 Mvar) was added to the bus 4.
Two contingencies were carried out. As first contingency, 3-4 line changed as out of service and checked for the
safest operation. And following lines became under voltage.
2 BUS2 230.00 1 0.8803 202.47 3 BUS3 230.00 2 0.5065 116.49
4 BUS4 230.00 2 0.0000 0.000 5 BUS5 230.00 2 0.0000 0.000
6 BUS6 230.00 3 0.9123 209.84 8 BUS8 345.00 2 0.5119 176.62
10 BUS10 22.000 1 0.8844 19.456 11 BUS11 22.000 2 0.5112 11.246
12 BUS12 22.000 3 0.9175 20.186
This was a critical situation, because several buses are under voltage. For achieved the safest power system
operation, additional 100Mvar capacitor was added to Bus 4 with previous 200Mvar capacitor. Checked the
voltage limits but still voltages were unbalanced, after that additional 20Mvar capacitor added to the Bus 5
with the capacitor 80Mvar that has been already connected to that bus. Finally 120Mvar capacitor was added
to the Bus 6 with the capacitor 180Mvar. Then plant that has been connected to bus 10 decreased to 1.0 pu.
 Capacitors of Bus 4: 300 Mvar

 Capacitors of Bus 5: 100Mvar
 Capacitors of Bus 6: 300Mvar
 Decreased plant that has been connected to bus 10 to 1.01 pu.
By adding these capacitors to the above buses, system was achieved safest operation.
Off peak condition:
The load data has been given is for the peak condition and for the off peak load condition, all loads decreased to
40% of the peak loading. At that time several buses became over voltage.
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0509 241.71 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.0787 248.09
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1253 258.83 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.1621 267.29
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1079 254.82 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0521 362.96
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.0792 372.33 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.0779 23.714
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1064 24.342
For achieved the safest operation, all shunt capacitors were switched off.
Two contingencies again carried out for the off peak system for find out the safest operation at critical
scenarios. As first contingency, changed 3-4 line as out of service and following lines became overvoltage.
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0516 241.88 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.1073 254.69
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.2307 283.05 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2652 291.00
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1186 257.28 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0531 363.31
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.1076 382.13 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.1066 24.346
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1171 24.577
Decreased Bus 5 voltage to 20 Mvar, Decreased bus 4 voltage to 120Mvar and added new capacitor 20 Mvar. Switched
off Shunt capacitance that has been connected to bus 6, then system achieved safest operation.
Ad second contigency, the service line 4-5 changed as out of service and checked for the safest operation. Then following
Buses became over voltage
1 BUS1 230.00 1 1.0507 241.65 3 BUS3 230.00 2 1.0751 247.28
4 BUS4 230.00 2 1.1218 258.00 5 BUS5 230.00 2 1.2309 283.11
6 BUS6 230.00 3 1.1030 253.69 7 BUS7 345.00 1 1.0518 362.87
8 BUS8 345.00 2 1.0757 371.10 11 BUS11 22.000 2 1.0744 23.636
12 BUS12 22.000 3 1.1015 24.233
For achieved the safest operation, Shunt capactiors that has been connected to bus 4 and 6 were switched off
and decreased the shunt capacitance value to 20 Mvar that has been connected to bus 5. These modifications
for make system safe operation can be recommend for the future power system operation.

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ASSIGNMENT 03

12 Bus Power System:

1. One circuit of line 7-8 out of service:

Voltage Limit Checking Report:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Transmission Line loading checking report:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Bus Based Report:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Transmission loading limits checking report:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Transmission loading limits checking report:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Transmission loading limits checking report:

PTI INTERACTIVE POWER SYSTEM SIMULATOR--PSS(R)E SAT, OCT 10 2020 12:40

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

4.2. Contingency 2: Tripped one circuit of line 4-5

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Transmission loading limits checking report:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1

Power plant dispatches

Scenario Peak Load Off peak load

Specified voltage values

Scenario Peak Load Off peak load

Scenario Peak Load Off peak load

 Decreased Bus 9 Plant Vshed (pu) by 0.01 (Value is 1.04 pu)

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Off peak condition:

By switching off capacitors one by one, system reached safest operation.

 Switched off Shunt capacitor and reactor of Bus 4

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Voltage Limit Checking Report:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE GREATER THAN 1.0500:

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

Results: Voltage Limit Checking Report

BUSES WITH VOLTAGE LESS THAN 0.9500:

X----------- FROM BUS ------------X X------------ TO BUS -------------X RATING SET 1