PE 104 TEAM SPORTS MODULE Tangco

PE 104
TEAM SPORTS
ILOCOS SUR POLYTECHNIC STATE
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I. Course Title: TEAM SPORTS
II. Course Overview:

The module introduces the learners in the world of basketball. As learners continue with the lesson, they will
encounter activities that allow them to understand and execute certain trials that benefits necessarily to their
development. An emphasis will be placed on the use of the game skills and movement framework as a guide
that is designed game experiences of students.
III. Course Study Guide:

This module was prepared for you, my dear student, to work on your own. To have the best in working with this
module, you are reminded to follow these simple yet effective guidelines:
1. Manage your time well. A course study schedule is prepared for you to help you study the modules in
this course. The productive use of your time and energy will help you a lot in finishing the scheduled
activities.
2. Focus your attention. The key element for better understanding is having the focus on the things to be
done.
3. Give your best. Always remember that success will be attained in everything you do by giving extra
effort in the things you are doing. Giving your best also means observing Honesty in doing the assigned
tasks you are asked to do in this module. Never let someone do the task for you or copy the work of
your classmates.
4. Submit on time. Work diligently. Do not procrastinate. Remember time is gold. Work immediately on the
task at hand in order for you to follow scheduled time for submission.
5. Be patient, motivate yourself. Patience equates success. Always think of the bright future ahead. And to
get there, start moving now.
6. Answer confidently. Study hard, surf the internet, read and read and read more. The more you know,
the more confident you become.
7. Work independently. You can do it! Your future lies in your own hands and your own decisions. So,
practice working independently, trust yourself, and be independent.
8. Contact me. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask me through my Facebook account, Gmail:
[email protected] or the group chat created for this class.
IV. COURSE EVALUATION:

To pass the course, you must:
1. Submit all course requirements to include the following:
a. Quiz
b. Assignment Outputs
c. Projects
d. Activities
e. Exams
2. Pass all examinations:
a. Midterm examination
b. Final examination
Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Descriptive Title: TEAM SPORTS Gmail: [email protected]
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PHYSICAL EDUCATION LEGAL BASIS
1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE PHILIPPINES

Article XIV
EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS,
CULTURE AND SPORTS
EDUCATION
SECTION 19.
(1) The state shall promote physical education and encourage sport programs, league competitions, and
amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-discipline, teamwork and
excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.
(2) All educational Institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country in
cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5708

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5708 - AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE PROMOTION AND FINANCING OF AN
INTEGRATED PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR THE SCHOOLS IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Section 1. This Act shall be known as "The Schools Physical Education and Sports Development Act of
1969."
Section 2. An integrated physical education and sports development program in all schools in the Philippines
shall be undertaken by the Department of Education in accordance with the following guiding principles:
(1) The goal of physical education is to instill in young citizens a proper appreciation of the importance of
physical development hand in hand with the mental development in individual and social activities;
(2) The sports and other activities in a physical education program should provide opportunities for the athletic
development of children and youth who have the competitive spirit as well as grace, coordination, stamina and
strength;
(3) A well-rounded physical education program must be addressed to physical growth, social training, and
personal, discipline for all pupils and students, as well as superior athletic achievement for those who are
psychologically inclined and physically gifted; and
(4) An integrated program for sports development in the schools requires effective organizational planning
and administration with provisions for adequate training facilities and sustained stable financing.
INTRODUCTION
In this course you will be taking an indepth look at some team sports, and even practicing some of the
basic sports skills. This lesson will give you a general over view of a variety of team sports.
What is team sports?

Team sports are when one group, or team, plays against another group, or team, in a competition. The
team members work together to achieve a common goal.

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Most team sports are played with a ball or other object. Some of the most well-known team sports are: •
Football (American Football) • Baseball • Basketball • Soccer (Football) • Ice hockey • Lacrosse • Rugby •
Volleyball
PRE-
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________
Course/Section: ________________________________ Score: _________________
I. INSTRUCTION: PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWIG QUESTIONS ACCORDING TOY OUR OWN
UNSERSTANDING.
1. Define Team Sports.
2. Give examples of Team sports.
3. Why do we need to learn these sports?
4. What are the things that you expect to learn or do in our subject?

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LESSON 1
BASKETBALL
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

● summarize the history of basketball
point out the proper court etiquette and good sportsmanship
identify the benefits of playing basketball
Basketball – Objective
The main objective of basketball is to make a goal and score points. A goal is made by shooting the ball through
the basket or hoop. The goal post or basket for a team is in the opponent’s court. Each team should not only try
to make a goal and prevent the opposite team from taking control of the ball, but should also try to protect the
basket in their court and prevent the opponent from making a goal.
Basketball – Team Size Each team may have twelve players entitled to play the game. Five players from a
team can play at any time in the court and they may be substituted at any time during the play. Each team may
have a coach and an assistant coach. Each team may have a group of less than five non-players with different
responsibilities. They are usually manager, doctor, physiotherapist, statistician, and interpreter.
HISTORY OF BASKETBALL
James Naismith was a 31-year-old graduate student teaching physical education at the International
YMCA Training School, now known as Springfield College, in Springfield, Massachusetts when students were
forced to stay indoors for days due to a New England storm. The usual winter athletic activities were marching,
calisthenics, and apparatus work but they weren’t nearly as thrilling as football or lacrosse which were played
during the warmer seasons.
Naismith wanted to create a game that would be simple to understand but complex enough to be
interesting. The game had to be playable indoors, and it had to accommodate several players at once. The
game also needed to provide plenty of exercise for the students, yet without the physicality of football, soccer,
or rugby since those would threaten more severe injuries if played in a confined space.
Naismith approached the school janitor, hoping he could find two square boxes to use for goals. When
the janitor came back from his search, he had two peach baskets instead. Naismith nailed the peach baskets to
the lower rail of the gymnasium balcony, one on each side. The height of that lower balcony rail happened to be
10 feet. The students would play on teams to try to get the ball into their team’s basket. A person was stationed
at each end of the balcony to retrieve the ball from the basket and put it back into play.
The first game ever played between students was a complete brawl.
“The boys began tackling, kicking and punching in the crunches, they ended up in a free for all in the
middle of the gym floor before I could pull them apart,” Naismith said during a January 1939 radio program on
WOR in New York City called We the People, his only known recording. “One boy was knocked out. Several of
them had black eyes and one had a dislocated shoulder.” Naismith said. “After that first match, I was afraid
they'd kill each other, but they kept nagging me to let them play again so I made up some more rules.”
The humble beginnings of the only professional sport to originate in the United States laid the
foundation for today’s multi-billion-dollar business. The current National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)

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March Madness college basketball tournament includes the best 68 of more than 1,000 college teams,
stadiums that seat tens of thousands of spectators and lucrative television contracts.
Dr. James Naismith's Original 13 Rules of Basketball
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to
be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed;
the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next
goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute
allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4, and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means
without the opponents in the mean time making a foul).
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there,
providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the
opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In
case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he
holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul
on that side.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive
fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it
belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals
with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes' rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may,
by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.
First public games

The first public game of basketball was played in a YMCA gymnasium and was recorded by the
Springfield Republican on March 12th, 1892. The instructors played against the students. Around 200
spectators attended to discover this new sport they had never heard of or seen before.
Within weeks the sport’s popularity grew rapidly. Students attending other schools introduced the game
at their own YMCAs. The original rules were printed in a college magazine, which was mailed to YMCAs across
the country. With the colleges’ well-represented international student body, the sport also was introduced to
many foreign nations. High schools began to introduce the new game, and by 1905, basketball was officially
recognized as a permanent winter sport.
The first intercollegiate basketball game between two schools is disputed, according to the NCAA. In
1893, two school newspaper articles were published chronicling separate recordings of collegiate basketball
games facing an opposing college team.
In 1892, less than a year after Naismith created the sport, Smith College gymnastics instructor Senda
Berenson, introduced the game to women’s athletics. The first recorded intercollegiate game between women
took place between Stanford University and University of California at Berkeley in 1896.
With the sport’s growth in popularity, it gained notice from the International Olympic Committee and was
introduced at the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Louis as a demonstration event. It wasn’t until 1936 that
basketball was recognized as a medal event. Women’s basketball wasn’t included as an Olympic medal event
until the 1976 Montreal games.

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As the sport continued its rapid spread, professional leagues began to form across the United States.
Basketball fans cheered on their new hometown teams. The first professional league was the National
Basketball League (NBL) formed in 1898, comprised of six teams in the northeast. The league only lasted about
five years.
After it dissolved in 1904, the league would be reintroduced 33 years later in 1937 with an entirely new
support system, with Goodyear, Firestone, and General Electric corporations as the league owners, and 13
teams.
While professional sports leagues gained nationwide attention, college basketball was also a major
fixture. The first NCAA tournament, which included eight teams, was held in 1939 at Northwestern University.
The first collegiate basketball national champion was the University of Oregon. The team defeated Ohio State
University.
Like most of the United States in the early to mid-1900s, basketball was segregated. The sport wouldn’t
be integrated until 1950 when Chuck Cooper was drafted by the Boston Celtics. Prior to Cooper being drafted
there were groups of black teams across the country, commonly known as “the black fives”, which referred to
the five starting players on a basketball team. All-black teams were often referred to as colored quints or Negro
cagers. The teams flourished in New York City, Washington, D.C., Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Chicago, and in
other cities with substantial African American populations. They were amateur, semi-professional, and
professional.
Of the more than 1,000 collegiate basketball teams across all divisions of the NCAA, 68 teams play in
the annual March Madness tournament. The best college teams from each conference around the country
compete for a place in the Sweet 16, Elite Eight, Final Four and, ultimately, the national championship. Though
basketball might not be played the same way as it was when Naismith invented it—peach baskets have been
replaced with nets, metal hoops and plexiglass blackboards—its evolution proves that the game has
transcended a century.
SAFETY ETTIQUETTE
Basketball injuries
Injuries while playing basketball are commonly caused by falls, player contact, awkward landings, abrupt
changes in direction and being hit by the ball. Common types of injuries are:
● Injuries to the lower body, mostly ankle sprains
● Injuries to the hand, fingers, head, face and teeth

● Knee injuries – females are at higher risk of knee injury than males
● Overuse injuries – are most common in higher level players due to the duration and intensity of play.
Preventing basketball injuries
To prevent injury, you should:
● Be prepared.
● Wear the right gear.

● Check the environment is safe.
● Know yourself and the sport.
Preparing to play basketball
Before you start playing basketball, remember to:
● Attend training so your body is ready.
● Warm up and stretch before playing.

● Cool down and stretch after playing.
Wear the right basketball gear

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When you're playing basketball, make sure you:

● Wear a mouthguard, preferably custom-fitted, at all times.
● Wear shoes designed for basketball.

● If you have a history of injury, speak to your doctor or physiotherapist about appropriate bracing or
protective gear.
Check the basketball environment
Check the basketball environment is safe and remember to:
● Remove hazards, such as stones and water, from the playing surface.
● Make sure backboards and baskets are of a high standard, securely mounted and well maintained.
● Make sure backboards, their supports and walls are padded.
● Make sure baskets and boundary lines are not too close to walls and fixtures.
● Ask a suitably qualified person, like a builder, to assess the safety of your installation if you install a ring
at home.
● Do not fix a basketball ring or backboard to brickwork.
Other basketball safety tips
General safety suggestions when playing basketball include:
● Choose activities that are suited to your fitness level.
● Follow the rules and play fairly.

● Know and use the right techniques for passing, jumping, landing and shooting.
● Know how to use the equipment properly and safely.
● Never hang or swing on a basketball ring.
● Drink water before, during and after play.
● Do not play in extreme heat or wet conditions. Where possible, games should be rescheduled.
● Coaches, players and parents should be aware of heat illness symptoms.
● Qualified first aid personnel, first aid kits, icepacks and a stretcher should be available at all times.
● Telephone access, to contact emergency services, is essential.
Respond promptly to basketball injuries
If you or someone else is injured:
● Remove injured or bleeding players from the court immediately.
● Seek prompt attention for injuries from qualified first aid personnel.
● Make sure you are fully rehabilitated before returning to play.
● Wear a brace for at least three months after serious joint injuries.
Things to remember
● Basketball is a contact sport that can result in injuries.
● The most common injuries are due to falls, contact, awkward landings, abrupt changes in direction and
being hit by the ball.
● Using the right techniques and equipment for the sport can help prevent injury.

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https://www.britannica.com/sports/basketball
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/basketball-only-major-sport-invented-united-states-how-it-
was-created
https://www.worldofbasketball.org/basketball-history.htm
https://nbahoopsonline.com/Articles/History1.html
https://mymission.lamission.edu/userdata/ruyssc/docs/History%20of%20basketball.pdf
https://www.healthline.com/health/exercise-fitness/benefits-of-basketball
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/basketball-health-benefits
https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/health-benefits-basketball
ACTIVITY 2
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________
I. Instruction: DRAW AND INDICATE THE LINES AND MEASUREMENTS OF THE FOLLOWING.
1. BASKETBALL COURT.
2. BASKETBALL RING.
II. Instruction: Enumerate at least 5 common terminologies in Basketball.

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LESSON 2
BASKETBALL FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT,
AND TERMINOLOGIES

● determine the facilities and equipment in basketball
● discuss common terminologies in basketball

● enumerate terminologies
● know the proper dimensions and measurements of each
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

A. I. Basketball court lines
Basketball courts are comprised of sidelines, baselines, mid court line, three-point lines, free throw
lines, free throw circles, free throw lane lines, and center circle.
1. Sidelines
The sidelines are the two boundaries’ lines running the length of the court. Their location is determined by the
width of the court, which is normally 50 feet wide. Along with Baseline and End line they establish the size of the
playing area.
2. Baseline/Endline
The baseline/endline runs from sideline to sideline behind the backboard at the ends of the court. They are
located four feet behind the basket, and normally have a width of 50 feet. Baseline and Endline are
interchangeable terms depending upon which team has ball position. Baseline is used for the offensive end of
the court. Endline is used for the back court or defensive end of the court.
3. Mid Court Line
The mid court line divides the court in half. Offensively, once the ball crosses the Mid Court Line, it becomes a
boundary line reducing the offensive playing area to just half of the court. Also, on most levels, the offensive
team only has 8 to 10 seconds to advance the ball across the mid court line.
4. Three Point Line
Field Goals made from outside this Three Point Line or arc count as three points. The distance of the three-
point line from the basket varies according to the different levels of play.
5. Free Throw Line

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This line is used as a boundary line when shooting free throws. It is fifteen feet away from the backboard. On a
free throw attempt, the shooter cannot step on or across this line until the ball strikes the rim. The free throw line
is also used in defining the three second area.
6. Free Throw Circle

The free throw circles have a diameter of 12 feet. They come into play on free throws and jump balls. During a
free throw attempt, the shooter must remain inside the free throw circle. On jump balls, non-jumpers must
remain outside the circle until the ball is tapped by one of the jumpers.
7. Lane Line
Lane lines are boundaries running from the free throw line to the baseline. The width and shape of the lane
lines vary on different levels of the game. The lane lines also contain lane spaces markings used to align
and separate the non-shooters. The first lane space, on both sides of the basket, are occupied by the opposing
team from the free throw shooter. Non-shooters cannot step into the three second area until the ball leaves the
free throw shooter's hand.
8. Center Circle
The Center Circle is a 12-foot diameter circle located in the center of the court. It is used to start the game and
other jump ball situations. On jump balls, non-jumpers must remain outside the circle until the ball is tapped by
one of the jumpers.
II. Basketball Court Areas
Each area of the court has its own name. It is very important to use the proper terminology when
describing these areas. The court areas of a typical basketball court include: Three second area, blocks,
elbows, wings, free throw line extended, top of circle, wings, corners, short corners, restricted area, and front
and back court.
1. Three Second Area

This is the area below the free throw line and between the lane lines. It is sometimes called the "Paint" since, in
most gyms, it is painted. I f any offensive player remains in this area for more than three seconds it is a violation
and the other team gets the ball. Note: Some professional leagues, like the NBA, also limit the defensive
players to three seconds in this area as well.
2. Block
The block is a buffer area painted on the lane lines separating offensive and defensive players during a free
throw attempt. Additionally, it is a very strategic area during the game. Any player - offensive or defensive -
establishing a position on the block gains a definite advantage.
3. Elbow
The elbow is the area of the court where the free throw line meets the lane line. Like the Block, the Elbows
become important on dribble penetration. Any player, offensive or defensive, who gets to the elbow first will gain
an advantage.
4. Free Throw Line Extended
This imaginary line represents the extension of the free throw line across the width of the court. Most coaches
use it to establish defensive rules. When the ball is above the free throw line extended a certain rule applies.
When the ball is below it another rule applies. It is also used as a reference for offensive player alignment.
5. Top of Circle (Key)

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The top of circle is the area straight out from the basket just outside the free throw circle. It is used primarily as
a reference for aligning offensive and defensive players. It is also a favorite spot from which many players like
to shoot.
6. Wing
The wing area is located on the side of the court near the free throw line extended. Wing areas
are designated "Ball side" or "Weakside" according to the location of the player with the ball. The wing on the
same side as the ball handler is the "Ball side or Strongside" wing. The wing on the side away from the ball
handler is the "Weakside” wing.
7. Corner
The "Corner" is primarily used to designate the area where the sideline and baseline meet. This is another
favorite area from which players like to shoot. It is usually an open area when zone defense is played. However,
it is also an area where the defense can readily trap an offensive player with the ball.
8. Short Corner
The "Short Corner" is an area along the baseline half way between the sideline and the lane line. It is a strategic
offensive area especially used against zone defenses.
9. 4' Restricted Area
In professional basketball there is a semi-circular 4' restraining area in front of the basket. No offensive charges
can be taken by defenders when they are positioned on or inside this area.
Front Court & Back Court

The term "Front Court" is used to denote the offensive end of the court from the midcourt line to the baseline.
"Back Court" is used to denote the area behind the mid court line. It includes the half of the court from the
midcourt line back to the endline. Once the ball is advanced across the midcourt line into the front court, it
cannot go back into the Back Court.
III. Court Dimensions & Timing Comparisons

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Court sizes and timing rules differ depending on the level of play, and within the various basketball associations.
However, they do have two things in common: size of the rim size (18”) and the height of the basket (10’).
B.
ABOUT THE HOOP

Open ended nylon nets were approved for use in 1912. This was a major milestone for basketball since the
free-falling ball after a made basket dramatically increased tempo and scoring of the game.
The Basket
The basket is made up of the backboard, rim, and net. The rim is 18 inches in diameter. A regulation backboard
is 72 inches wide by 48 inches tall, although you will find backboards can vary in size.
Regulation backboards today are 6 feet wide by three and half feet tall made of tempered glass. The inner
rectangle shooting guide on the backboard is 24 inches wide by 18 inches tall with the white lines being 2
inches thick.

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The distance from the top of the rim to the floor is 10’. The distance from the free throw line to the front of the
backboard is 15’, and the distance from the font of the backboard to the baseline is 4’.
The Ball
Professional leagues such as the NBA have very precise parameters for the official basketball they use. This
includes color, material, size, air pressure, and bounce. The main thing to know about the basketball is the size.
There are different sizes for different ages as well as for boys and for girls.
● Standard Mens Basketball (Size 7) - This is the size used by the NCAA men, boys’ high school, as well
as the NBA. It has a circumference between 29.5 and 30 inches and weighs between 20 and 22
ounces.
● Standard Womens Basketball (Size 6) - This is the basketball used by NCAA women, girls’ high school,
and the WNBA. It is between 28.5 and 29 inches in circumference and weighs 18-20 ounces.
● Junior Basketball (Size 5) - The junior size basketball is for boys and girls between the ages of 8-12. It
is between 27.25 to 27.75 inches in circumference and weighs 14-16 ounces.
● Mini Basketball (Size 3) - For young children ages 5-8, the mini ball is 22 to 22.5 inches in
circumference and weighs 10.5 to 11.25 ounces.
C. BASKETBALL TERMINOLOGIES
A
● Air ball: A shot that misses the rim or backboard.
● Alive: Offensive player who has the ball and has not dribbled.
● Alternating Possession Rule: The possession arrow changes direction after each subsequent jump ball
or held ball situation, alternating which team gets possession for the throw-in. The first possession after
a held ball goes to the team who lost the opening jump ball to begin the game.
● Assist: A pass to a teammate that results in a made basket.
B
● Backboard: The flat surface directly behind the basket. The basket is connected to the backboard.
● Ball Handler: The player with the ball. Usually, the guard at the start of the play.
● Bank Shot: A shot where the ball is first bounced or banked off the backboard at such an angle that it
then drops into the basket.
● Basket: Consists of the rim and the net, also known a ‘the hoop’.

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● Basketball: A round ball made of rubber, leather or synthetic leather. Comes in 3 different sizes (size 5,
6 or 7).
● Blind Pass: A pass from a ball handler who does not see their receiver but is estimating where they
should be.
● Blocked Shot: The successful deflection of a shot by touching part of the ball on its way to the basket,
and preventing a field goal.
● Blocking: The use of a defender’s body position to legally prevent an opponent’s advance. It is the
opposite of charging.
C
● Charging: An offensive foul, which occurs when an offensive player runs into a defender who has
established position.
● Court vision: A player’s ability to see everything on the court during play.
● Crossover dribble: When a ball handler dribbles the ball across their body from one hand to the other.
D
● Dead: Offensive player has the ball and has already used their dribble. They must now either pass or
shot the ball.
● Dead Ball: Any player with the ball that is not ‘live’. This occurs after each successful field goal, free-
throw attempt, after any official’s whistle or if the ball leaves the court, then play is stopped.
● Defense: The act of preventing the offense from scoring. Defense is the team without the ball.
● Down court: The direction a team on offense moves, from its backcourt to its frontcourt and towards its
own basket.
● Dribble: The act of bouncing the ball up and down. The offensive player with the ball uses the dribble to
move the ball around the court.
● Drive: The movement of an offensive player while aggressively dribbling towards the basket in an
attempt to score.
● Dunk: A shot in which a jumping player slams the ball down into the opponent’s basket from above.
E
● Established Position: When a defensive player has both feet firmly planted on the floor before an
offensive player’s head and shoulder gets past them. The offensive player who runs into such a
defender is charging.
● Exhibition Game: The act of playing another team and the outcome not being counted in any league
standings.
F
● Fake: A movement made with the aim of deceiving an opponent. This can be done with either a pass
or a shot fake.
● Fastbreak: The act of moving the ball quickly down court by an offensive team in hopes of getting
ahead of the defense to score.
● Feed: To pass the ball to a teammate who is in a scoring position.
● Field Goal: When the ball enters the basket from above the rim during play. It is worth two points.
● Floor: The area of the court within the end lines and the sidelines.

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● Floor Violation: A player’s action that violates rules but does not prevent an opponent’s movement
(traveling, double dribble, etc.). They are penalized by a loss in possession.
● Foul: Actions by players, which break the rules but are not floor violations. They are penalized by a
change in possession or free throw opportunities.
● Fouled Out: A player having to leave the game because they have committed five fouls.
● Foul Shot or Free Throw: An unguarded shot taken from the foul line by a player whose opponent
committed a personal or technical foul, which is worth one point.
● Free Ball: A ball, which is in play but is not in the possession of either team, also called a ‘loose ball’.
● Free Throw: The act of shooting the ball from the marked free throw line (ranging 10-15 feet from the
basket) while the remaining players line up down the ‘key’. Shot is taken at the result of a foul or
technical foul being called.
G
● Give and Go: An offensive play in which a player passes the ball to a teammate and cuts towards the
basket for a return pass to score.
● Goaltending: Interference with a shot by touching the ball or basket while the ball is on, over, or within
the rim. Also touching the ball on its downward flight to the basket before it hits the rim.
● Guarding: The act of following an opponent around the court to prevent them from getting close to the
basket, taking an open short or making easy passes.
H
● Half time: The rest period between two halves of the game. Usually 5 minutes in length.
● Hand checking: Illegal use of hands, usually on the back or hips of the offensive player.
● High percentage shot: A shot that is likely to go in the basket, typically taken near the hoop.
● High post: A player who is stationed in or near the free throw semicircle on offense.
● Hoop: The basketball rim and backboard players shoot the ball towards in attempt to score points. Also
referred to as the ‘basket’.
I
● In the Paint: Being in the large rectangle area under each basket or the foul lane area, which is painted
a different color. AKA ‘the key’.
● Inbounds: The area within the end lines and sidelines of the court.
● Inside Shooting: Shots taken by a player near or under the basket.

J
● Jump shot: Field-goal attempt by a player with both feet off the floor, enabling the player to shoot over
the defender.
L
● Lay-up or lay in: A shot taken after driving to the basket by leaping up under the basket and using one
hand to shoot the ball off the backboard.
● Loose Ball: A ball that is alive but not in the possession of either team.
● Lower Percentage shot: A shot that is less likely to go in the basket, usually taken further away from the
hoop.
M

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● Match-ups: Any pairing of players on opposing teams who guard each other.
O
● Outlet Pass: The first pass made after a defensive rebound to a teammate to start a fastbreak.
● Outside Shooting: Shots taken from the perimeter, further away from the hoop.
P
● Pass: When a player throws the ball to a teammate to advance the ball during a possession.
● Personal Foul: Contact between players, which may result in excessive physical contact or provide one
team with an unfair advantage. Players may not push, hold, trip, hack, elbow, restrain or charge into an
opponent. These are also counted as team fouls.
● Pivot: A center, also the foot that must remain touching the floor until a ball handler who has stopped
dribbling is ready to pass or shoot.
● Possession: To be holding or in control of the ball.
R
● Rebound: A term used to describe the actual retrieving of the ball as it rebounds from the backboard or
the ring after a missed shot.
● Receiver: The player who receives a pass from the ball handler.
● Referee: The person(s) assigned to the game to maintain the flow and integrity of the game.
S
● Sag: When a defender moves away from their opponent toward the basket they are defending.
● Shooter: A player who takes a shot at the basket in attempts to score.
● Shooting Range: The distance from which a player is likely to make their shots.
● Steal: To take the ball away from an opponent.
● Substitute: A player who comes into the game to replace a player on the court.
T
● Technical Foul: A special violation called at the discretion of the referee towards players, coaches or
the team. Infractions include an intentional or flagrant contact foul, unsportsmanlike conduct or other
actions detrimental to the spirit of the game.
● Throw-in: The method by which a team with possession inbounds the ball.
● Time-out: A period of sixty seconds during which the play is stopped and teams discuss strategy and a
moment to allow players to rest.
● Tip-off: The initial jump ball that starts the game.
● Trailer: An offensive player that follows behind the ball-handler.

V
● Violation: An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact. The opposing team is awarded
the ball for a throw-in from out of bounds.

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ACTIVITY 3
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________
III. Instruction: ENUMERATE WHAT IS ASKED.
1. ENUMERATE 10 FOULS IN BASKETBALL.
2. ENUMERATE 10 HAND SIGNALS IN BASKETBALL. (WITH DESCRIPTION)

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FOULS AND VIOLATIONS IN BASKETBALL

● discuss fouls and violations in basketball
● identify the fouls and violations in basketball

● demonstrate the fouls and violations in basketball
VIOLATIONS
A violation is an infraction of the rules. An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact.
The basketball basic rules include numerous ball handling and time violations that cause a team to lose
possession of the ball. Here are some common violations:
1. Back-court Violation – Teams will have ten seconds to cross the half court line. Once the ball has been
established across the half court line (both feet and the ball), it is a violation to cross back over into the
back court. Penalty: Turnover.
2. Three seconds violation: An offensive player cannot be inside of or in contact with the free throw lane
for more than three seconds while the ball is in his/her team's front court. Penalty: Turnover.
3. 5-Seconds Violation (Inbounding): A player must inbound the basketball within five seconds after the
referee hands it to them to avoid a turnover. Penalty: Turnover.
4. 5-Seconds Violation (Offensive): An offensive player must pass, shoot or dribble the basketball within
five seconds if being guarded by a defensive player who is within arm’s reach. Penalty: Turnover.
5. 10/8-Seconds Violation: Players must advance the basketball over the mid-court line within 10 seconds
to avoid a turnover.
6. seconds, or dribbles the ball for more than five seconds then a violation will be called. Penalty:
Turnover.
7. Kicking: Kicking the ball is a violation only when it is an intentional act; accidentally striking the ball with
the foot or leg is not a violation.
8. Free Throw Violation
● Players wishing to occupy the marked lane spaces must do so quickly, and must alternate lane
spaces if the opponents wish to occupy the space nearest them. These players may enter the
lane as soon as the ball has touched the rim and/or backboard.
● Any player other than the free thrower, who does not occupy a marked lane space, must be
behind the free throw line extended and behind the three-point line. These players may not
enter this area until the ball has touched the rim and/or backboard.
● The thrower must not touch the free throw line. He/she cannot fake a try and must release the
ball within 10 seconds.

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9. Throw-in Violation
o The thrower shall not leave the designated throw in spot until the ball has crossed the plane of
the boundary, except on the baseline after a made basket. Penalty: Turnover.
o The thrower must pass the ball into the court within five seconds of the start of a throw in.
Penalty: Turnover.
o The thrower may step on but not over the sideline.
o The opponent of the thrower cannot reach through the throw in boundary plane and foul the
thrower. Penalty: Intentional Foul.
o The opponent of the thrower cannot reach through the throw in boundary plane and touch or
dislodge the ball. Penalty: Technical Foul.
o The opponent of the thrower cannot cross the end line or its imaginary plane. This is a delay of
game. The team should be warned on the first offense and then penalized with a technical foul
on each subsequent offense.
10. Out of Bounds
o Includes the sidelines and endlines, the floor and objects outside of these lines. The boundary
lines are out of court. This includes structures, supports, the back of the backboard, lights and
overhangs. It does NOT include the edges (sides, top and bottom) of the backboard.
o It is only a violation if a player steps out-of-bounds and then is the first player to touch it after
coming back inbounds.
o If a player has the ball and steps out-of-bounds, it’s a turnover and the other team gets the ball.
11. Double dribble: A player may not make a second dribble after completing a dribble. A player may
dribble again after a shot is attempted, the ball is batted away by an opponent, a pass or fumble is
touched by another player.
12. Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving
your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
13. Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes,
even under the ball.
14. Palming
When a player dribbles the basketball in a manner that has their palm too far to the side or underneath
the basketball.
15. Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket,
while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the
cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a
violation and the ball is awarded to the opposing team for a throw-in.
16. Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not,
then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot
have the ball for more than five seconds when being closely guarded. As well, in girls’ basketball the
offensive team has 8 sec. to cross center & the boys have 10 sec. Once a team has possession of the
ball, they have 24 sec (girls) or 30 sec. (boys) to shoot the ball.
Penalty

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The penalty situation, also known as the bonus, is a situation where a team will get additional free
throws on every foul committed by the other team.
● If the violation is committed by an offensive player, no points can be awarded. The
ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the free-throw line extended, unless otherwise stated
in these rules.
● If the violation is committed by a defensive player, the offensive team is awarded:
⮚ 1 point, if the ball was released for a free throw.
⮚ 2 points, if the ball was released from the 2-point field goal area.
⮚ 3 points, if the ball was released from the 3-point field goal area.
The awarding of the points is considered as if the ball had entered the basket.
⮚ If the goaltending is committed by a defensive player during a last free throw, 1 point
shall be awarded to the offensive team, followed by a technical foul penalty charged on the defensive player.
FOULS
A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal contact with an opponent and/or
unsportsmanlike behavior.
Any number of fouls may be called on a team. Irrespective of the penalty, each foul shall be charged,
entered on the scoresheet on the offender and penalized according to these rules.
1. Personal Foul: Illegal contact on an opponent whether the ball is alive or dead. A player shall not hold, block,
push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by extending his hand, arm, elbow, shoulder, hip, leg,
knee or foot not by bending his body into an ‘abnormal’ position (outside his cylinder), nor shall he indulge in
and rough or violent play.
⮚ Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his
shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.
⮚ Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss
their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded
one free throw. Thus, he could score four points on the play.
⮚ Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They
get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the
court.
⮚ Bonus – awarded to a team after their opponent commits 5 fouls in a quarter. 2 shots are awarded
2. Unsportsmanlike Foul. A personal foul that is not a legitimate attempt to play the ball or causes excessive
contact on an opponent with or without the ball.
Below are the five criteria of the Unsportsmanlike Foul:
(C1) Not a legitimate attempt to directly play the ball within the spirit and intent of the rules.
(C2) Excessive, hard contact caused by a player in an effort to play the ball or an opponent
(C3) An unnecessary contact caused by the defensive player in order to stop the progress of the offensive team
in transition.

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(C4) Contact by the defensive player from behind or laterally on an opponent in an attempt to stop the fast
break and there is no defensive player between the offensive player and the opponent’s basket. This applies
until the offensive player begins his act of shooting.
✔ Penalty: if the foul is committed on a player not in the act of shooting = 2 free throws. For a player in the
act of shooting they are awarded 2 free throws for a field goal attempt or 3 free throws for a 3-point
attempt. For a player in the act of shooting, if they made the basket, the score counts and they are
awarded 1 further free throw. The free throws are followed by a throw in at the center line extended
opposite the scorer’s table.
3. Disqualifying Foul. Any flagrant unsportsmanlike action by a player or team bench personnel
A player shall be disqualified for the remainder of the game when:
o he is charged with 2 unsportsmanlike
o he is charged with 2 technical fouls
o he is charged with 1 technical foul and 1 unsportsmanlike foul
A coach shall be disqualified for the remainder of the game when:
o He is charged with 2 technical fouls as a result of his personal unsportsmanlike behavior
o He is charged with 3 technical fouls, either all of them as a result of unsportsmanlike behavior of his
bench personnel or one of them as a result of his personal unsportsmanlike behavior
4. Technical foul. A technical foul is a non-contact foul of a behavioral nature including, but not limited to:
disrespectfully communicating with the officials, using language or gestures likely to offence or incite spectators,
delay of game, hanging on the ring or goaltending (defensive) during free throws.
✔ Penalty: the opponents are awarded 1 free throw followed by a throw-in at the center line extended
opposite the scorer’s table.
✔ Technical fouls on players DO count as team fouls. Technical fouls against a coach or any of his team
personnel DO NOT count as team fouls
Types of Personal fouls
❖ Holding
⮚ Illegal personal contact with an opponent that interferes with his freedom of movement. This
contact can occur with any part of the body
❖ Pushing
⮚ Illegal personal contact with any part of the body where a player forcibly moves or attempts to
move an opponent with or without the ball
❖ Illegal use of hands
⮚ Occurs when the defensive player is in a guarding position and his hands or arms are placed
upon and remains in contact with an opponent with or without the ball, to impede his
movement.
❖ Blocking/Illegal Screen

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⮚ When a player causes contact that impedes the progress of an opponent. This usually occurs
when a player fails to gain or maintain a legal guarding position and stops the player with the
body or legs. Blocking also includes illegal screens that impedes the progress of an opponent.
Illegal screening occurs when a player who is screening an opponent was moving when
contact occurred.
❖ Charging
⮚ When the player with the ball forcibly pushes (or moves) into an opponent’s torso who is in a
legal guarding position.
❖ Elbowing
⮚ When a player excessively swings their elbows and hits another player.
When judging a charging foul consider the following:
● The defensive player must establish a legal guarding position (the defense does not have to be
stationary for a charge to be called)
● The defensive player may remain stationary, jump vertically, move laterally or backwards to maintain
his/her legal guarding position.
● Contact must be on the torso (body)
5. Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal
the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.
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POSITIONS IN BASKETBALL

● identify and discuss different positioning in basketball
● demonstrate positions in basketball

● value the importance of position in basketball game
POSITIONS IN BASKETBALL
A good basketball team is like a well-oiled machine. Five players step onto the court, each filling a
specific role, working toward the ultimate goal: victory.
But what does each of these positions entail?
A basketball player generally falls into one of five positions: point guard, shooting guard, small forward,
power forward and center. Pro Tips is here with a breakdown of these five positions. Take a look at the abilities,
skills and qualities needed to be successful at each position.
#1 POINT GUARD (PG)

The point guard plays a pivotal role in their team’s tempo and execution. This position requires a high
basketball IQ, as the point guard acts as the on-court coach by setting up plays. Point guards bring the ball up
court, direct traffic and make the decisions that ideally result in high-percentage shots.

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Point guards must have solid passing and ball-handling skills. As the floor general, point guards need to
be vocal. Gyms can get loud. Point guards must be able to overcome the noise to set up plays.
On offense, point guards need the ability to drive the lane. They also need a solid jump shot and 3-
pointer. On defense, they can focus on guarding the other team’s best ball handler and getting into the passing
lane for a steal.
The point guard is often the shortest player on the court. However, that isn’t always the case. Any
player with the necessary skills can play the position, no matter how tall they are.
Skills and attributes needed to play point guard include:
On Offense:
● Represents the coach on the floor
● Provides strong, positive leadership as team leader
● Runs the offense
● Excellent ball handler who brings the ball down the court
● Handles defensive pressure without turning the ball over
● Good passer who can find the open player to set the offense in motion
● Sees the whole floor and recognizes what the defense is doing
● Good outside shooter
● Assertive and confident communicator who can call out the plays
● Controls the pace of the game
● Aware of situations and circumstances like the time on the clock, score, timeouts, fouls, etc.
● Exhibits self-confidence in pressure situations
● Demonstrates self-control, recognizing the team follows their lead
● Leads the fastbreak
● Wants the ball

On Defense:
● Usually guards the opposing point guard
● Good defender on the ball
● Aggressive and scrappy
● Willing to hustle after loose balls
● Usually, the safety and the first person back on defense to stop the opponent's fast break

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#2 SHOOTING GUARD (SG)

As the name suggests, shooting guards need to be able to put the ball in the hoop. This position is
often reserved for the team’s best outside shooters.
But the shooting guard — also known as the two-guard — needs more than a good 3-point shot to be
successful. They also need to have strong off-ball movement like running through screens and finding open
spaces.
While they don’t need to be as skilled as point guards, solid ball handling is important for two-guards.
Shooting guards are typically the secondary ball handler. This skill also allows them to attempt their own shots
off the dribble.
Additionally, shooting guards need to have strong defensive skills. The size of a shooting guard can
vary. Some will be the same size as the point guard, while others can be as tall as some of the forwards on the
team.
Skills and attributes needed to play shooting guard include:
On Offense:
● Usually, the best outside shooter
● Scores consistently from the wings and the 3-point line to open up scoring opportunities for the posts
down low
● Good ball handler to help the point guard bring the ball down the court when there is a lot of pressure
● Good passer
● Gets the ball into the post players
● Creates scoring opportunities by driving to the basket
● Moves without the ball to keep the offense flowing

On Defense:
● Typically, taller and slower than the point guard
● Usually guards the slowest guard on the other team
● Covers out and denies to keep wing players from receiving the pass from the point guard
● Applies tough on-the-ball pressure to perimeter players to make it hard for them to pass freely into the
post from the wing or reverse the ball to the top of the key
● Keeps opponent from driving to the basket
#3 SMALL FORWARD (SF)

Don’t let the name fool you – the small forward plays a huge role. Also known as the three, this is
possibly the most versatile player on the court.

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Playing small forward requires a blend of skills that shooting guards and power forwards possess.
Small forwards need to be strong and scrappy enough to box out and haul in rebounds. However, they must
also have the agility to elude defenders, slash to the rim and hit jump shots.
On offense, a solid mid-range shot, along with the ability to drive and cut toward the basket, can help a
small forward stand out. Quickness and strength inside are both assets when playing small forward.
Most small forwards fall in between the shooting guard and power forwards when it comes to height.
Skills and attributes needed to play small forward include:
On Offense:
● Usually, the most athletic player on the team; quick and able to jump!
● Shoots from the outside
● Good ball handler
● Creates scoring opportunities off the drive
● Good rebounder; ready to crash the boards after every shot
● Good passer with the ability to pass the ball down low to the posts
● Moves effectively without the ball by cutting to get open
● Knows how to use screens
● Is in excellent physical shape and helps lead the fast break by running hard down the court every time
● Very skilled, strong, and versatile player. Shoots from the outside as well as from the lane against the
larger, more physical players
On Defense:
● Typically guards the best athlete on the opposing team (usually the #3 player)
● Has the same responsibilities as the #2 player with an extra focus on crashing the boards hard
● Knows how to play post defense. At times, the offensive wing players cut through the lane and post up
#4 POWER FORWARD (PF)

The closer to the hoop you go, the tougher things get. The power forward lives close to the rim,
muscling out buckets and fighting for rebounds. This position is also known as the four.
The position requires a blend of strength and size. A power forward needs to work on their skills in the
paint, like boxing out and posting up defenders. They also need to be able to set screens to help teammates get
open.
To be successful on offense, power forwards need to use an array of shots. Putbacks, short jumpers
and baseline fades can make a power forward an effective offensive threat. They should also be proficient at
shooting a mid-range jumper.
Skills and attributes needed to play power forward include:
On Offense:

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● Usually, one of the tallest players on the team and often the smaller and more athletic of the post
players
● Makes quick, strong cuts across the lane
● Sinks short jumpers from free throw distance and within
● Executes a variety of post moves
● Comfortable using either hand to handle the ball
● Shoots facing the basket and from post moves with back to the basket
● Has strong hands that can catch passes while being banged around and closely guarded
● Physically and mentally strong to deal with the tough physical contact in the lane
● Recognizes when the defense is collapsing. Finds an open teammate either by kicking the ball back out
to the wing or dumping it down to the open #5 player
● Critical in helping the offense reverse the ball around the floor
● Good screener who sets picks for players to cut toward the basket
● Strong rebounder with a desire to crash the boards after every shot
On Defense:
● Blocks out and rebounds every time a shot goes up
● Physically strong to play good post defense
● Good help-side defender. Stops cutters from receiving the ball in the lane and helps stop any drives
toward the basket
#5 CENTER (C)
Usually, the tallest person on the team, a center defends the rim on one end and is a constant threat
beneath it on the other. The center position is also known as the five. While size is a major part of being a
center, this player also needs to be athletic.
On offense, a center needs to be able to create their own shot in cramped spaces and snag rebounds
out of the hands of others. Centers also need to be proficient on offense, playing with their back to the basket.
Footwork is key to scoring inside the paint. Centers must also be able to work with teammates by setting up
screens.
On defense, the center is usually the best shot blocker and a solid rebounder to eliminate opponent’s
second-chance baskets.
Skills and attributes needed to play center include:
On Offense:
● Has many of the same responsibilities as the #4 player

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● Shoots short jumpers from free throw distance and around the lane
● Performs all of the post moves
● Confident using both hands to handle the ball
● Scores facing the basket and working off post moves with back to the basket
● Has strong hands. Catches passes and holds onto the ball while being banged around and closely
guarded
● Physical and mental toughness is a must because of the constant contact in the key
● Recognizes when the defense sinks in. Finds an open teammate by passing the ball back out to the
perimeter or finding the open #4 player
● Critical in helping the offense reverse the ball around the floor
● Good screener who sets picks for players to cut through the lane
● Strong rebounder who hits the boards hard after every shot
● Usually the trailer, or the last one down the floor, on the fast break
On Defense:
● Blocks out and rebounds every time a shot is taken
● Strong enough to play good post defense against big, strong players
● Good help-side defender who can help teammates stop the drive
● Takes advantage of her large body by being an intimidating presence in the middle. Blocks passing and
driving lanes and contests every shot
HYBRID POSITIONS
Basketball is a sport that has evolved throughout the years. While there are five traditional positions,
sometimes a player doesn’t fit into those roles. Instead, they play in a hybrid or non-traditional position. These
players often combine the skills needed to play two separate positions. These hybrid positions typically start at
the high school level.
Examples include:
● Point Forward: This is usually a small forward that takes on the role of a point guard. They will need the
skills required to play small forward with the added responsibility of initiating the offense.
● Combo Guard: This player can fill either the point guard or shooting guard positions. They will need
strong ball-handling and shooting skills.

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● Swingman: This is a player who can play small forward or shooting guard. They tend to be taller than a
typical shooting guard, so they are not overmatched at either position.
● Stretch 4: This is a power forward with the ability to make shots from 3-point range. The threat of hitting
a shot from beyond the arc “stretches” the defense and can open driving lanes for guards.
Each position on a team has its own skillset, physical attributes and competitive nuances. By gaining this
understanding, you can get better at predicting where players are going to be and what they’re going to do
when they get there.
BASKETBALL POSITION NUMERALS
The following are the numbers and numerals used to describe each position.
● Point Guard = 1 or PG
● Shooting Guard = 2 or SG
● Small Forward = 3 or SF
● Power Forward = 4 or PF
● Center = 5 or C
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DIFFERENT SKILLS IN BASKETBALL

● discuss different skills in basketball,
Course Code: PE 104 ● identify different skills in basketball, and Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas
● demonstrate skills in basketball.
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5 BASIC SKILLS IN BASKETBALL

Basketball is a sport that requires basic skills and knowledge of the game. It is important to master
these skills to be able to play at an advanced level and keep up with your opponent. Thus, the flowing are the 5
basic skills in basketball:
1. Dribbling
2. Shooting
3. Defensing
4. Redounding
5. Passing
1. DRIBBLING
- the process of bringing or moving the ball place to place around the court using the finger pads to tap the ball.
Dribbling is an important skill for all basketball players. This skill will allow you to move up and down the court,
maneuver past defenders and execute plays. Proper dribbling requires ball-handling skills and knowledge of
how to spread your fingers for ball control. It is also best if you know how to dribble equally well with both
hands. Dribbling fast will allow you to easily get past opponents in a game.
How to dribble:
Dribbling is not always easy to do. You can practice on your own by dribbling the basketball while standing in
one spot.
1. Touch the ball with your fingertips, not your palms.
2. Get in a low stance.
3. Bounce the ball off the ground firmly, extend through your elbow.
4. Keep your hand on top of the ball.
5. Keep the ball low, below your waist.
6. Keep your head up, eyes up.
7. Protect the ball from the defender.
8. Don’t pick up your dribble unless you are ready to pass or shoot.
9. Avoid dribbling violations such as traveling, double dribble, and carrying.
TYPES OF DRIBBLES:
● Forward dribble - https://youtu.be/7oIruC7gva8
● Change-of-pace dribble - https://youtu.be/0Wwv5nDpL6k
● Retreat dribble - https://youtu.be/dULzc0gf9WQ
● Crossover dribble - https://youtu.be/AK6S9-rWp-U
● Behind-the-back dribble - https://youtu.be/ZhMTbVd3tBU
● Between-leg dribble - https://youtu.be/zIxM7CUFBcw

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● Inside-out dribble - https://youtu.be/b73g2s6HpC4
● Reverse dribble - https://youtu.be/skK0uGQemLE
● Low Dribble - https://youtu.be/UnRklE9VON4
● High Dribble - https://youtu.be/eWIiXP4RutQ
● Speed Dribble - https://youtu.be/hc2MpdDXdtY
2. SHOOTING
Shooting is the main skill that directly involves scoring points. Whether a player shoots a layup, midrange shot,
or a three-pointer, it is all-encompassed in the idea of shooting or scoring the basketball. The basic basketball
skills of shooting involve using one’s arm strength from long distances away. The goal of this basic skills is to
shoot accurately. The further from the hoop, the more difficult the process of shooting becomes, which is why
only the best shooters have long-range ability.
How to practice shooting in Basketball
Shooting is a basic skill that must be practiced. You can practice by shooting off a trampoline, lifting your legs to
shoot in the air, and more. It may take some time before you master this basic skill. But will pay off for you down
the road if you keep practicing hard at home.
Practice the B.E.E.F. method for shooting.
B – BALANCE Keep your feet shoulder width apart, with you dominate foot slightly ahead of
your non-dominate foot.
E – EYES Focus on the rim.

E – ELBOW Dominate hand’s elbow should be aligned with your torso in a 90° angle so you
are looking at the back of your wrist.
F – FOLLOW THROUGH Flick your wrist after releasing the ball. Imagine reaching into
a cookie jars up on a high shelf.
5 Other shooting tips:
● Rest the ball on the finger tips not in the palm of the hand.
● Your non-dominate hand acts only as a guide to the ball. This hand doesn’t assist in shooting the ball.
● If shooting from a greater distance you must jump in order to recruit power from your legs.
TYPES OF SHOOTING:
● Set shot - https://youtu.be/SsX4UEtvju8
● Jump Shot - https://youtu.be/qhgs5ZODc4A
● Layup - https://youtu.be/q4IqeXob_qg
● Hook Shot - https://youtu.be/tioiW5Ng67s
● Dunk - https://youtu.be/0QkVr0iYsvw - https://youtu.be/jS7dyduL874

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● Tip-in - https://youtu.be/2NcBOaYzRf4
● Bank shots - https://youtu.be/TackHHEhRTM
● Free throws - https://youtu.be/iW2VFzBiaQo
3. REBOUNDING
In basic terms, rebounding simple means grabbing the ball that has been shot and missed. So that your
team can have another chance at making a basket before the other side gets to shoot again. To master this
basic basketball skill, you must be quick enough to get in position before someone else does. So, as well as
strong to push other player out of the way.
An offensive rebound is a rebound caught by an offensive player on the same team that shot the ball.
A defensive rebound is a rebound caught by a defensive player can either dribble the ball towards the frontcourt
or pass after rebounding depending on how many of the opposition’s player are around them.
How to practice rebounding in basketball:
Reaching basic levels of basketball skill is a challenge for most player, especially when it comes to mastering
basic skills such as rebounding. One way to practice the basic is by trying to grab a missed shot before
someone else does or standing near where many rebounds come down so that you can get one and keep
possession of the ball.
TYPES OF REBOUNDING
● Hands up
● Jump and reach
● Two-hands catch
● Box-out
4. PASSING
Passing in basketball is a way for players to move the ball on the court between teammates. Passing is a
two-step process that requires a minimum of two players on the same team to work. The passer must be
accurate and must put the correct amount of velocity on the pass in order to reach their teammate in a timely
fashion and in the right location.
How to practice passing the ball
Try practicing the basic skill by trying to pass objects such as balls between players who stand in a line about
five feet apart so you get used to having both hands out at once rather than one hand for dribbling and another
for shooting.
● Chest pass - https://youtu.be/lVLzxk3jXd8
● Bounce pass - https://youtu.be/_X_GmUCJhJU
● Overhead pass - https://youtu.be/M-LBl66Hkaw
● Baseball pass - https://youtu.be/HDy1hIwsZd4
● Sidearm pass - https://youtu.be/6z7Lf43Ep4M

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● Behind-the-back pass - https://youtu.be/nI7Eon8CLTY

RULES IN PASSING
There are rules in basketball that describe how a player can pass the ball. Here is a list of the rules:
● Players can pass from anywhere on the court as long as they stay inbounds.
● You can use one or two hands to pass the ball
● You can pass the ball using an overhand or underhand motion
● There is no limit on how hard a player can throw the ball
● You cannot pass the ball to yourself
● Players can not pass from the frontcourt to the backcourt
● Players cannot take more than two steps without dribbling in order to complete a pass
5. DEFENSE
A basic skill for defense involves standing near an opponent while preventing them from moving towards their
desired location on the court. Or successfully scoring by getting past defenders, taking control of rebounds or
stealing balls, blocking shots. Etc.
The goal on defense is to prevent the opponent from scoring but also to get the ball back. The defense must
force the offensive players to take difficult, hard to make shots, but also force turnovers, steal the ball, block
shots and grab defensive rebounds, as well as worrying about the transition and fast break opportunities.
How to practice defense:
One way to practice defense is by standing near another player as they attempt to move towards their desired
location on the court or successfully score points. While preventing them from doing so by getting past
defenders during scrimmage play, controlling rebounds after missed shots, blocking opponents’’ shot attempts
and more. Defense is perhaps one of the most basic skills because it protects team members against score that
could set up scoring for others on your side of things.
Defensive tactics on the ball:
● Pressuring the dribbler - https://youtu.be/kuqbIpqb9KM
● Defensive sliding - https://youtu.be/aqkELAKmVX8
● Block - https://youtu.be/tRrdsfxG7Hc
● Steal - https://youtu.be/skVWQfsfhbY
● Switch defense - https://youtu.be/6ttbx0xC_ss

Offensive tactics:
● Straight drive and layup
● Crossover drive layup

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● Drive step jump shot
● Straight drive jump shot
● Crossover drive jump shot
● Step back jump shot
● Turn around and shot
● Drop-step baseline
● Drop-step middle hook
● Give-and-go
● V-cut
● Backdoor cut
● Straight cut
● Setting screen
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https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ913331.pdf
PROJECT
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________
Course/Section: ________________________________
I. Instruction: FULL IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES WITH INFORMATIONS ABOUT YOUR VIDEO.
II. RECORD YOURSELF DOING THE FOLLOWING DRILLS IN BASKETBALL. SUBMIT YOUR VIDEO IN
OUR GOOGLE CLASSROOM OR POST ON FACEBOOK/ ANY PLATFORM AND SUBMIT THE LINK TO
OUR GOOGLE CLASSROOM.

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NUMBER OF
DRILLS REPETITIONS NUMBER OF UNSUCCESSFUL
SUCESSFUL ATTEMPTS
ATTEMPTS
1. LOW DRIBBLE 10 REPS
2. JUMP SHOT 10 SHOTS
3. BOUNCE PASS 10 PASSES
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF
DRILLS REPETITIONS SUCESSFUL UNSUCCESSFUL
ATTEMPTS ATTEMPTS
4. DRIBLLE AND SHOOT 5 REPS
5. CHEST PASS AND SHOOT 5 SHOTS
TO BE EXECUTED
6. DEFENSIVE SLIDING
7. A SUCCESSFUL STEAL

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CALL SIGNS AND HAND SIGNALS IN BASKETBALL

● identify the hand signals used in basketball,
● discuss the importance of officiating, and

● demonstrate the hand signals used in officiating basketball.
A - OFFICIALS’ SIGNALS
A.1 The hand signals illustrated in these rules are the only official signals.
A.2 While reporting to the scorer’s table it is strongly recommended to verbally support the
communication
A.3 It is important that the table officials are familiar with these signals
FOULS DESCRIPTION
Holding Foul – A “Holding Foul” occurs when a defender holds, grabs, or

pulls an offensive player (it doesn’t matter if the offensive player has
possession of the ball or not).
Pushing Foul – A “Pushing Foul” occurs when a defender pushes an

offensive player or bumps into the body of an offensive player.
Illegal Use of Hands Foul – This is a foul called when a defender slaps,
hacks, or smacks an offensive player with the ball.
Blocking Foul – A “Blocking Foul” occurs when a defender uses their body
and makes contact with an offensive player with the ball (could be in the
form of running into the player, or setting an illegal screen, etc).
Charging Foul (Charge) / Player Control Foul – A “Charging Foul” occurs

when an offensive player runs into (or over) a defensive player who already
has position (the defender must first establish position). Other types of
player control fouls are when a dribbler uses an elbow and hits a defender,
or excessive physical contact by an offensive post player trying to gain
position.

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Shooting Foul (2 Point Shot) – If a player gets “fouled” while in the act of
shooting, the player gets to shoot free throw(s). If the shot is made – the
player gets to shoot 1 free throw, you will hear this called “And 1.” If the shot
is not made and a foul is called – the player gets to shoot 2 free throws.
Shooting Foul (3 Point Shot) – If a player gets “fouled” while in the act of
shooting a 3-point shot, the player gets to shoot free throw(s). If the shot is
made – the player gets to shoot 1 free throw (which could turn out to be a 4-
point play). If the shot is not made and a foul is called – the player shoots 3
free throws.
VIOLATIONS DESCRIPTION
Traveling (also called Walking or Walk) – If a ball handler takes too many
steps while dribbling the referee can call a violation (considered a turnover
by the player and the possession of the ball goes to the other team). Also, if
a player has stopped dribbling and moves their pivot foot – this is also
considered a traveling (or walking) violation.
Double Dribble (Illegal Dribble) – A dribbling violation occurs when a player

stops dribbling and then attempts to dribble again or if a player attempts to
dribble the ball with 2 hands.
Backcourt (Backcourt violation) – Once the Offensive team has passed the
half court line, they cannot: a) dribble and/or b) pass back over the half court
line. If this occurs, a “Backcourt” violation will be called by the referee and
possession of the ball will go to the other team.
Inbound Pass Violation (5-Second Violation) – There are time restrictions

that a player has when the ref hands them the ball to pass the ball into play.
The player passing in the ball has five seconds to pass the ball in to another
player. If the player fails to pass the ball in within 5 seconds, the ref will blow
the whistle (5-second violation), and the ball is awarded to the other team.
10 Second Violation – When your opponent makes a basket, your team has
10 seconds to get the ball in play and past the half court line – if your team
fails to do this within 10 seconds, the ball is awarded to the other team.
Three/ Five Second Violation – An offensive player cannot remain in the

“paint” area for more than 3 or 5 seconds (depending on the division), if the
Ref happens to spot an offensive player in the paint area for more than 3
seconds, the whistle will blow, and the other team will get possession of the
ball.

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Closely Guarded Violation (does not apply to 1 st/2nd grades) – An

offensive player cannot have possession of the ball for more than five
seconds while being closely guarded by a defender. For example, if an
offensive player is dribbling the ball and is guarded closely by a defender for
5 seconds, the ref will blow the whistle, and the ball will be awarded to the
other team.
Jump Ball (also called Tie Up or Held Ball) – When an offensive player and
a defensive player gain possession of the ball at the same time – the referee
will blow the whistle. The referee will then look at the possession arrow (at
the scorer’s table) and award possession to the team that the direction is
pointing (possession is on a rotating basis).
Out of Bounds Designation – When the ball goes out of bounds (for any
reason), or a player with possession of the ball steps out of bounds – the
referee will designate the spot where the ball went out of bounds.

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The role of the basketball referee is exactly this – to ensure the game is played safely and fairly. The
referee enforces the rules of the game and in a game will make hundreds of decisions – determining when a
violation or foul occurs and then stopping the game to issue the correct penalty.
The title of official also applies to the scorers and timekeepers, as well as other personnel that have an
active task in maintaining the game. Basketball is regarded as among the most difficult sports to officiate due to
the speed of play, complexity of rules, the case-specific interpretations of rules, and the instantaneous decision
required.
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GROUP
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________

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(PLEASE DON’T JUST COPY AND PASTE. Read and edit)
1. Research and summarize the history of Volleyball.
2. Enumerate 10 benefits of playing volleyball specially to students like you.
3. Research and state 5 FACTS that most of the people do not know about Volleyball.
4. Enumerate some tips if you are a beginner in playing volleyball.

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HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL

● discuss the history of Volleyball,
enumerate the benefits of playing Volleyball, and
propose some tips for beginners of badminton.
HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
William G. Morgan (1870-1942), who was born in the State of

New York, has gone down in history as the inventor of the game of
Volleyball, to which he originally gave the name "Mintonette".
The young Morgan carried out his undergraduate studies at the
Springfield College of the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association)
where he met James Naismith who, in 1891, had invented basketball.
After graduating, Morgan spent his first year at the Auburn (Maine) YMCA
after which, during the summer of 1895, he moved to the YMCA at
Holyoke (Massachusetts) where he became Director of Physical
Education. In this role he had the opportunity to establish, develop and
direct a vast program of exercises and sport classes for male adults.
His leadership was enthusiastically accepted, and his classes
grew in numbers. He came to realize that he needed a certain type of
competitive recreational game in order to vary his program. Basketball, a sport that was beginning to develop,
seemed to suit young people, but it was necessary to find a less violent and less intense alternative for the older
members.
At that time Morgan knew of no similar game to Volleyball which could guide him; he developed it from
his own sports training methods and his practical experience in the YMCA gymnasium. Describing his first
experiments he said, "In search of an appropriate game, tennis occurred to me, but this required rackets, balls,
a net and other equipment, so it was eliminated, but the idea of a net seemed a good one. We raised it to a
height of about 6 feet, 6 inches (1.98 meters) from the ground, just above the head of an average man. We
needed a ball and among those we tried was a basketball bladder, but this was too light and too slow. We
therefore tried the basketball itself, which was too big and too heavy."
In the end, Morgan asked the firm of A.G. Spalding & Bros. to make a ball, which they did at their
factory near Chicopee, in Massachusetts. The result was satisfactory: the ball was leather-covered, with a

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rubber inner tube, its circumference was not less than 25 and not more than 27 inches (63.5 cm and 68.6 cm,
respectively), and its weight not less than 9 and not more than 12 ounces (252 gr and 336 gr, respectively).
Morgan asked two of his friends from Holyoke, Dr. Frank Wood and John Lynch, to draw up (based on
his suggestions) the basic concepts of the game together with the first 10 rules.
Early in 1896 a conference was organized at the YMCA College in Springfield, bringing together all the YMCA
Directors of Physical Education. Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, director of the professional physical education
training school (and also executive director of the department of physical education of the International
Committee of YMCA's) invited Morgan to make a demonstration of his game in the new college stadium.
Morgan took two teams, each made up of five men (and some loyal fans) to Springfield, where the
demonstration was made before the conference delegates in the east gymnasium. The captain of one of the
teams was J.J. Curran and of the other John Lynch who were respectively, mayor and chief of the fire brigade
of Holyoke.
Morgan explained that the new game was designed for gymnasia or exercise halls, but could also be
played in open air. An unlimited number of players could participate, the object of the game being to keep the
ball in movement over a high net, from one side to the other.
After seeing the demonstration, and hearing the explanation of Morgan, Professor Alfred T. Halstead
called attention to the action, or the act phase, of the ball's flight, and proposed that the name "Mintonette" be
replaced by "Volley Ball." This name was accepted by Morgan and the conference. (It is interesting to note that
the same name has survived over the years, with one slight alteration: in 1952, the Administrative Committee of
the USVBA voted to spell the name with one word, "Volleyball", but continued to use USVBA to signify United
States Volleyball Association).
Mr. Morgan explained the rules and worked on them, then gave a hand-written copy to the conference
of YMCA directors of physical education, as a guide for the use and development of the game. A committee
was appointed to study the rules and produce suggestions for the game's promotion and teaching.
A brief report on the new game and its rules was published in the July 1896 edition of "Physical
Education" and the rules were included in the 1897 edition of the first official handbook of the North American
YMCA Athletic League.
Additional information about Volleyball sport:
● Volleyball was introduced to Europe by American troops during WW1
● Volleyball was first played at the Paris Olympics in 1924
● Was officially in Olympics in 1964
● Beach volleyball was introduced
● Association of volleyball players (AVP) was founded

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● On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the first game of volleyball was played.
● Most volleyball players jump about 300 times a match.
● The first Far East Games International volleyball competition began in 1913 was held here in the
Philippines, Manila.
● Set and Spike originated in 1916 during a tournament in the Philippines.
● Spike (Bomba) hitters (Bomberinas)
● The first World Championships were held in 1949 for men and 1952 for women.
1895, Holyoke YMCA team

(William Morgan is first left, second row)
Volleyball lesson at YMCA

at Holyoke gym
BENEFITS OF PLAYING SPORT (VOLLEYBALL)
✔ Improves components of physical fitness
(Cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility)
✔ Good for weight loss
✔ Improves coordination (hand-eye)
✔ Improves balance, speed, flexibility, and stamina
✔ Improves interpersonal skills
✔ Reduces stress and anxiety
✔ Develop self-esteem and leadership
✔ Sportsmanship/Athleticism
Tips for BEGINNERS of sport (VOLLEYBALL)
✔ Know yourself

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✔ Know the game – VOLLEYBALL
✔ Know your purpose
✔ Set up your goal
✔ Familiarize yourself with the game
✔ When starting, always do warm-up
✔ Watch videos and tips on social media/books
✔ Try one skill and repeat until you are contented
✔ Ask friends to practice with you
✔ Join clubs
✔ Train everyday
✔ Play when you are ready
✔ Be positive and optimistic
✔ Always use comfortable clothes
✔ Be tough and not soft
The most important tip for beginners— have fun! Meet new people, get better at the sport, and enjoy the great game
of volleyball.
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ACTIVITY 2

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CONVERT THIS FILE TO PDF. DON’T SUBMIT AS PICTURE.
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________

I. Instruction: DRAW THE FOLLOWING.
A. 1. DRAW THE VOLLEYBALL COURT.

2. Indicate the name of lines and its measurements.
3. Use METER(S) as the unit of measurement.
(PASTE YOU DRAWING HERE)
B. 1. DRAW THE BALL

2. Indicate its measurements.
3. Use CENTIMETER as the unit of measurement.
(PASTE YOU DRAWING HERE)

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FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT,

AND TERMINOLOGIES IN VOLLEYBALL

● discuss the facilities and equipment in Volleyball,
● discuss common terminologies in Volleyball,

● identify the proper dimensions and measurements of each facility and equipment, and
draw and indicate the dimensions and measurements of each facility and equipment.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
A. PLAYING AREA
The playing area includes the playing court and the free zone. It shall be rectangular and symmetrical.
1. Court Dimension
Understanding volleyball court dimensions has big impact on how well you play the game of volleyball.
The volleyball court dimensions of the playing area are 18 x 9 meters circumscribed by an area of free
zone with a length of 3 meters on all its sides. The volleyball court is rectangular in shape and is symmetrical.
The free zone just above the playing perimeter is devoid of any kind of obstructions. The free playing zone is

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placed at a height of at least 7 meters from the playing area. The height of the free playing space from the
playing zone is required to measure at least 12.5 meters.
2. Playing surface
The playing surface of the volleyball court must be flat, even and horizontal. There must not be any kind
of obstacle present within the volleyball court and the surface should neither be uneven or greasy. Competitions
require the volleyball court dimensions to be laid down with either wooden or synthetic surface. For the indoor
volleyball games, the volleyball court must be coated with lighter shades in order to identify the ball easily.
3. Lines of Court
All lines are 5 cm wide. They must be of a light color which is different from the color of the floor and from any
other lines.
Boundary Lines: Two side lines and two end lines mark the playing court. Both side lines and end lines are
drawn inside the dimensions of the playing court.
● Center Line: The axis of the line in the center dissects the volleyball positions court size into two equal
halves, each measuring (9×9) meter. The total spread of the center line is supposed to be shared by
both the segments of the courts equally. The line stretches below the net from one side line to another.
● Attack Line: The back end of the attack line is marked from 3 meter behind the axis of the center line,
which represents the front zone.
● Front Zone: On each court the front zone is limited by the axis of the center line and the rear edge of
the attack line. The front zone is considered to extend beyond the side lines to the end of the free zone.
● Service Zone: The service zone is a 9 m wide area behind each end line. It is laterally limited by two
short lines, each 15 cm long, drawn 20 cm behind the end line as an extension of the side lines. Both
short lines are included in the width of the service zone. In depth, the service zone extends to the end
of the free zone.
● Substitution zone: This zone is nestled by both the attack lines extending up to the scorer’s table.
● Libero Replacement Zone: The Libero Replacement zone is part of the free zone on the side of the
team benches, limited by the extension of the attack line up to the end line.
● Warm-up Area: The dimension of the Warm-up zone is (3×3) meters
● Penalty Area: The dimension of the penalty area is (1×1) meter, consisting of 2 chairs. This zone is
located within the control area outside the stretch of the end line. This area is restricted by a red line
with a width of 5 cm.

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B. NET and POSTS

1. Height of the Net
1.1 Placed vertically over the center line there is a net whose top is set at the height of 2.43 m for men
and 2.24 m for women.
1.2 Its height is measured from the center of the playing court. The net height (over the two side lines)
must be exactly the same and must not exceed the official height by more than 2 cm.
2. Structure
● The net is 1 m wide and 9.50 to 10 meters long (with 25 to 50 cm on each side of the side bands),
made of 10 cm square black mesh.
● At its top a horizontal band, 7 cm wide, made of two-fold white canvas, is sewn along its full length.
Each extreme end of the band has a hole, through which passes a cord, fastening the band to the posts
for keeping its top taut.
● Within the band, a flexible cable fastens the net to the posts and keeps its top taut.
● At the bottom of the net there is another horizontal band, 5cm wide, similar to the top band, through
which is threaded a rope. This rope fastens the net to the posts and keeps its lower part taut.
3. Side bands
● Two white bands are fastened vertically to the net and placed directly above each side line.
● They are 5 cm wide and 1 m long and are considered as part of the net.
4. Antennae
● An antenna is a flexible rod, 1.80 m long and 10 mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material.
● An antenna is fastened at the outer edge of each side band. The antennae are placed on opposite
sides of the net.
● The top 80 cm of each antenna extends above the net and is marked with 10 cm stripes of contrasting
color, preferably red and white.
● The antennae are considered as part of the net and laterally delimit the crossing space.
5. Posts
● The posts supporting the net are placed at a distance of 0.50-1.00 m outside the side lines. They are
2.55 m high and preferably adjustable.
● The posts are rounded and smooth, fixed to the ground without wires. There shall be no dangerous or
obstructing devices.
C. BALL
1. Standards
● The ball shall be spherical, made of a flexible leather or synthetic leather case with a bladder inside,
made of rubber or a similar material.

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● Its color may be a uniform light color or a combination of colors.
● Synthetic leather material and color combinations of balls used in international official competitions
should comply with FIVB standards.
● Its circumference is 65-67 cm and its weight is 260-280 g.
EQUIPMENT
● A player's equipment consists of a jersey, shorts, socks (the uniform) and sport shoes.
● The color and the design for the jerseys, shorts and socks must be uniform for the team (except for the
Libero). The uniforms must be clean.
● The shoes must be light and pliable with rubber or composite soles without heels. 4.3.3 Players' jerseys
must be numbered from 1 to 20.
● The number must be placed on the jersey at the center of the front and of the back.
● The color and brightness of the numbers must contrast with the color and brightness of the jerseys.
● The number must be a minimum of 15 cm in height on the chest, and a minimum of 20 cm in height on
the back. The stripe forming the numbers shall be a minimum of 2 cm in width.
● The team captain must have on his/her jersey a stripe of 8 x 2 cm underlining the number on the chest.
● It is forbidden to wear uniforms of a color different from that of the other players (except for the Liberos),
and/or without official numbers.
COMMON VOLLEYBALL TERMINOLOGIES
Ace: A serve that scores a point without the receiving team being able to return the serve back over the net.
Bump: A first hit or pass that is used to set an attack.
Carry: A fault in which the volleyball is held for too long of time in the player's hands.
Cut: an attack shot taken at an extreme angle.
Dig: A first hit of an attack ball resulting in a successful pass. Often the volleyball is hit low or close to the
ground.
Double contact: A fault where a player hits the volleyball two times in a row.
Dump: When a player hits the ball over the net on the second contact. This is generally a surprise play when
the setter appears to be setting the ball but then quickly hits it over the net and into an open spot.
Floater: A type of serve where the volleyball is intentionally hit with no spin. This can be effective as the ball can
move erratically making it difficult to hit.
Jump serve: A type of serve where the server tosses the ball into the air and then jumps up and hits the serve
as the ball is coming down. The idea is to get a higher angle and allow for the serve to be hit harder. This type
of serve takes lots of practice to perfect.
Kill: a successful spike attack.
Mis-hit: A bad hit or one that is not hit the way the volleyball player wanted to hit it.

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Rally – A ball is serviced by a player and players of both teams hit it till a foul is committed or ball falls on the
ground. This period, from the point it is put to service till it halts is called a rally. It is a complete rally if one of the
teams scores a point.
Service – Players hit the ball with their fist, wrist, or arm, from the service zone
and it has to move above the net to the other teams play zone.
Side out: A loss in the point that causes a change in serve.
Spike: A type of attack where the ball is hit down over the net with good force and speed.
Strong side: The left side of the court. It's call this because most players are right handed and it's easier to
attack from this side for a right hander.
Tip: A soft hit attack used to get the ball over the net quickly.
Weak side: The right side of the court. Called weak because most right handed players can't attack as well from
this side.
Wipe: When one player pushes the volleyball off the opponents block to knock the ball out of bounds off their
block and winning the point.
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area.html
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https://volleyballrulesguide.blogspot.com/2018/06/volleyball-zones-and-areas.html
https://www.fivb.com/en/thefivb
https://www.ducksters.com/sports/volleyballglossary.php
https://www.volleyball.com/volleyball-101/volleyball-terms/
ACTIVITY 3
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________

I. Instruction: Enumerate 10 fouls and 10 violations in volleyball sport.
PLEASE DON’T JUST COPY AND PASTE YOUR RESEARCHES HERE. EDIT AND REPHRASE THEM TOO.
A. Enumerate 10 fouls in Volleyball sports.

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B. Enumerate 10 Violations in Volleyball sports.

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RULES IN VOLLEYBALL SPORT

Identify the rules of Volleyball sport
demonstrate an understanding of rules in volleyball sport by applying
them in the game
point out the fouls and violations in the volleyball game
RULES IN VOLLEYBALL SPORT
I. PARTICIPANTS
A. Teams
1. Team composition
For the match, a team may consist of up to 12 players, plus
– Coaching Staff: one coach, a maximum of two assistant coaches,
– Medical Staff: one team therapist and one medical doctor.
● Only those listed on the score sheet may normally enter the Competition/ Control Area and take part in
the official warm up and in the match.
● One of the players, other than the Libero, is the team captain, who shall be indicated on the score
sheet.
● Only the players recorded on the score sheet may enter the court and play in the match. Once the
coach and the team captain have signed the score sheet, (team list for electronic score sheet) the
recorded players cannot be changed.
2. Team leaders
Captain
● DURING THE MATCH and while on the court, the team captain is the game captain. When the team
captain is not on the court, the coach or the team captain must assign another player on the court, but
not the Libero, to assume the role of game captain. This game captain maintains his/her responsibilities
until he/she is substituted, or the team captain returns to play, or the set ends.
● When the ball is out of play, only the game captain is authorized to speak to the referees:
- to ask for an explanation on the application or interpretation of the Rules, and also to submit the
requests or questions of his/her teammates. If the game captain does not agree with the
explanation of the 1st referee, he/she may choose to protest against such decision and

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immediately indicates to the 1st referee that he/she reserves the right to record an official protest
on the score sheet at the end of the match;
- to ask authorization:
a) to change all or part of the equipment,
b) to verify the positions of the teams,
c) to check the floor, the net, the ball, etc.;
Coach
● Throughout the match, the coach conducts the play of his/her team from outside the playing court.
He/she selects the starting line-ups, the substitutes, and takes time-outs. In these functions his/her
contacting official is the 2nd referee.
● DURING THE MATCH, the coach:
- prior to each set, gives the 2nd referee or the scorer the line-up sheet(s) duly filled in and signed
- sits on the team bench nearest to the scorer, but may leave it;
- requests time-outs and substitutions;
- may, as well as other team members, give instructions to the players on the court. The coach may
give these instructions while standing or walking within the free zone in front of his/her team’s
bench from the extension of the attack line up to the warm-up area, without disturbing or delaying
the match.
B. SCORE A POINT, TO WIN A SET AND THE MATCH
To score a point
1. Point
A team scores a point:
- by successfully landing the ball on the opponent’s court;
- when the opponent team commits a fault;
- when the opponent team receives a penalty.
2. Fault
A team commits a fault by making a playing action contrary to the rules (or by violating them in some
other way). The referees judge the faults and determine the consequences according to the rules:
● if two or more faults are committed successively, only the first one is counted;
● if two or more faults are committed by opponents simultaneously, a DOUBLE FAULT is called
and the rally is replayed.
● If the serving team wins a rally, it scores a point and continues to serve.
● If the receiving team wins a rally, it scores a point and it must serve next.
To win a set
● A set (except the deciding 5th set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead
of two points. In the case of a 24-24 tie, play is continued until a two-point lead is achieved (26-24; 27-
25; etc.).
To win the match

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● The match is won by the team that wins three sets.
● In the case of a 2-2 tie, the deciding 5th set is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points.
C. STRUCTURE OF PLAY
1. The toss
● Before the match, the 1st referee carries out a toss to decide upon the first service and the
sides of the court in the first set.
● If a deciding set is to be played, a new toss will be carried out.
● The toss is taken in the presence of the two team captains.
● The winner of the toss chooses:

- EITHER the right to serve or to receive the service, OR the side of the court.
- The loser takes the remaining choice.
2. Official warm-up session
● Prior to the match, if the teams have previously had a playing court exclusively at their
disposal, they are entitled to a 6-minute official warm-up period together at the net; if not, they
may have 10 minutes.
3. Team starting line-up
● There must always be six players per team in play
● The team's starting line-up indicates the rotational order of the players on the court. This order
must be maintained throughout the set.
4. Positions
● At the moment the ball is hit by the server, each team must be positioned within its own court in
the rotational order (except the server).
5. Positional fault
● The team commits a positional fault, if any player is not in his/her correct position at the
moment the ball is hit by the server. When a player is on court through illegal substitution, and
play restarts, this is counted as a positional fault with the consequences of an illegal
substitution.
● A positional fault leads to the following consequences:
- the team is sanctioned with a point and service to the opponent;
- players' positions must be rectified
6. Rotation
● The rotational order is determined by the team's starting line-up and controlled with the service
order and players' positions throughout the set.

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● When the receiving team has gained the right to serve, its players rotate one position clock-
wise: the player in position 2 rotates to position 1 to serve, the player in position 1 rotates to
position 6, etc.
7. Rotational Fault
A rotational fault is committed when the SERVICE is not made according to the rotational order. It leads
to the following consequences in order:
● the scorer stops play by the buzzer; the opponent gains a point and next service;
● If the rotational fault is determined only after the completion of the rally which started with a
rotational fault, only a single point is awarded to the opponent, regardless of the result of the
rally played.
● the rotational order of the faulty team must be rectified
● Additionally, the scorer should determine the exact moment when the fault was committed, and
all points scored subsequently by the team at fault must be cancelled. The opponent's points
remain valid.
● If that moment cannot be determined, no point(s) cancellation takes place, and a point and
service to the opponent is the only sanction.
II. PLAYING ACTIONS
A. States of play
1. Ball in play
● The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service authorized by the 1st referee.
2. Ball out of play
● The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by one of the referees; in
the absence of a fault, at the moment of the whistle.
3. Ball “in”
● The ball is “in” if at any moment of its contact with the floor, some part of the ball touches
the court, including the boundary lines.
4. Ball “out”
The ball is “out” when:
● all parts of the ball which contact the floor are completely outside the boundary lines
● it touches an object outside the court, the ceiling or a person out of play;
● it touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the side bands;
● it crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally outside the crossing space,
except in the case of Rule 10.1.2;

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● it crosses completely the lower space under the net.

B. Playing the ball
Each team must play within its own playing area and space.
The ball may, however, be retrieved from beyond its own free zone.
1. Team hits
● A hit is any contact with the ball by a player in play
● The team is entitled to a maximum of three hits (in addition to blocking), for returning the
ball. If more are used, the team commits the fault of “FOUR HITS”.
Consecutive contacts
- A player may not hit the ball two times consecutively
Simultaneous contacts
- Two or three players may touch the ball at the same moment.
- When two (or three) team-mates touch the ball simultaneously, it is counted as two (or
three) hits (with the exception of blocking). If they reach for the ball, but only one of
them touches it, one hit is counted. A collision of players does not constitute a fault.
- When two opponents touch the ball simultaneously over the net and the ball remains in
play, the team receiving the ball is entitled to another three hits. If such a ball goes
“out”, it is the fault of the team on the opposite side.
- If simultaneous hits by two opponents over the net lead to an extended contact with the
ball, play continues.
Assisted hits
- Within the playing area, a player is not permitted to take support from a team-mate or
any structure/object in order to hit the ball.
- However, a player who is about to commit a fault (touch the net or cross the center
line, etc.) may be stopped or held back by a team-mate.
2. Characteristic of the hit
● The ball may touch any part of the body
● The ball must not be caught and/or thrown. It can rebound in any direction
● The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place
simultaneously.
Exceptions:
● at blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more player(s), provided that
the contacts occur during one action;
● at the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively,
provided that the contacts occur during one action.
3. Faults in playing the ball
● FOUR HITS: a team hits the ball four times before returning it

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● ASSISTED HIT: a player takes support from a team-mate or any structure/ object in order
to hit the ball within the playing area
● CATCH: the ball is caught and/or thrown; it does not rebound from the hit
● DOUBLE CONTACT: a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various
parts of his/her body in succession.
C. Ball at net
1. Ball crossing the net
The ball sent to the opponent's court must go over the net within the crossing space. The crossing
space is the part of the vertical plane of the net limited as follows:
● below, by the top of the net;
● at the sides, by the antennae, and their imaginary extension
● above, by the ceiling
● The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent's free zone totally or partly through the
external space, may be played back within the team hits, provided that:
- the opponent's court is not touched by the player
- the ball, when played back, crosses the net plane again totally or partly through the
external space on the same side of the court.
- The opponent team may not prevent such action.
- The ball that is heading towards the opponent’s court through the lower space is in
play until the moment it has completely crossed the vertical plane of the net.
2. Ball touching the net
● While crossing the net, the ball may touch it.
3. Ball in the net
● A ball driven into the net may be recovered within the limits of the three team hits.
● If the ball rips the mesh of the net or tears it down, the rally is cancelled and replayed.
D. Player at the net
1. Reaching beyond the net
● In blocking, a player may touch the ball beyond the net, provided that he/she does not
interfere with the opponent’s play before or during the latter's attack hit.
● After an attack hit, a player is permitted to pass his/her hand beyond the net, provided that
the contact has been made within his/her own playing space.
2. Penetration under the net

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● It is permitted to penetrate into the opponent’s space under the net, provided that this does
not interfere with the opponent’s play.
● Penetration into the opponent's court, beyond the center line:
- to touch the opponent's court with a foot (feet) is permitted, provided that some
part of the penetrating foot (feet) remains either in contact with or directly above
the center line;
- to touch the opponent’s court with any part of the body above the feet is permitted
provided that it does not interfere with the opponent’s play
- A player may enter the opponent's court after the ball goes out of play
- Players may penetrate into the opponent's free zone provided that they do not
interfere with the opponent’s play
3. Contact with the net
● Contact with the net by a player between the antennae, during the action of playing the
ball, is a fault.
● The action of playing the ball includes (among others) take-off, hit (or attempt) and landing
safely, ready for a new action.
● Players may touch the post, ropes, or any other object outside the antennae, including the
net itself, provided that it does not interfere with the play.
● When the ball is driven into the net, causing it to touch an opponent, no fault is committed.
4. Player’s faults at the net
● A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponent's space before or during the
opponent’s attack hit.
● A player interferes with the opponent's play while penetrating into the opponent’s space
under the net.
● A player’s foot (feet) penetrates completely into the opponent's court.
● A player interferes with play by (amongst others):

- touching the net between the antennae or the antenna itself during his/her action
of playing the ball,
- using the net between the antennae as a support or stabilizing aid
- creating an unfair advantage over the opponent by touching the net
- making actions which hinder an opponent’s legitimate attempt to play the ball,
- catching/ holding on to the net
● Any player close to the ball as it is played, and who is him/herself trying to play it, is
considered in the action of playing the ball, even if no contact is made with it.

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● However, touching the net outside the antenna is not to be considered a fault
E. Service
The service is the act of putting the ball into play, by the back-right player, placed in the service zone.
1. First service in a set
● The first service of the first set, as well as that of the deciding 5th set is executed by the
team determined by the toss.
● The other sets will be started with the service of the team that did not serve first in the
previous set.
2. Service order
● The players must follow the service order recorded on the line-up sheet.
● After the first service in a set, the player to serve is determined as follows:
- when the serving team wins the rally, the player (or his/her substitute) who served
before, serves again;
- when the receiving team wins the rally, it gains the right to serve and rotates
before actually serving. The player who moves from the frontright position to the
back-right position will serve.
3. Authorization of service
● The 1st referee authorizes the service, after having checked that the two teams are ready
to play and that the server is in possession of the ball.
4. Execution of service
● The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released
from the hand(s).
● Only one toss or release of the ball is allowed. Dribbling or moving the ball in the hands is
permitted.
● At the moment of the service hit or take-off for a jump service, the server must not touch
the court (the end line included) or the floor outside the service zone.
● After the hit, he/she may step or land outside the service zone, or inside the court.
● The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the 1st referee whistles for service.
● A service executed before the referee's whistle is cancelled and repeated.

5. Screening
● The players of the serving team must not prevent their opponent, through individual or
collective screening, from seeing the server and the flight path of the ball.

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● A player or a group of players of the serving team make(s) a screen by waving arms,
jumping or moving sideways during the execution of the service, or by standing grouped,
and in so doing hides both the server and the flight path of the ball until the ball reaches the
vertical plane of the net.
6. Faults during the service
Serving faults
The following faults lead to a change of service even if the opponent is out of position. The
server:
- violates the service order,
- does not execute the service properly
- Faults after the service hit
- After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault (unless a player is
out of position) if the ball:
- touches a player of the serving team or fails to cross the vertical plane of the net
completely through the crossing space;
- goes “out”
- passes over a screen
7. Servicing faults and positional faults
● If the server makes a fault at the moment of the service hit (improper execution, wrong
rotational order, etc.) and the opponent is out of position, it is the serving fault which is
sanctioned.
● Instead, if the execution of the service has been correct, but the service subsequently
becomes faulty (goes out, goes over a screen, etc.), the positional fault has taken place
first and is sanctioned.
F. Attack hit
1. Characteristics of Attack hit
● All actions which direct the ball towards the opponent, with the exception of service and
block, are considered as attack hits.
● During an attack hit, tipping is permitted only if the ball is cleanly hit, and not caught or
thrown.
● An attack hit is completed at the moment the ball completely crosses the vertical plane of
the net or is touched by an opponent.
2. Restriction of the attack hit
● A front-row player may complete an attack hit at any height, provided that the contact with
the ball has been made within the player's own playing space
● A back-row player may complete an attack hit at any height from behind the front zone:

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- at his/her take-off, the player's foot (feet) must neither have touched nor crossed
over the attack line;
- after his/her hit, the player may land within the front zone
- A back-row player may also complete an attack hit from the front zone, if at the
moment of the contact a part of the ball is lower than the top of the net.
- No player is permitted to complete an attack hit on the OPPONENT’S service,
when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net.
3. Faults of the attack hit
● A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team.
● A player hits the ball “out”
● A back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the hit
the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net.
● A player completes an attack hit on the opponent's service, when the ball is in the front
zone and entirely higher than the top of the net
● A Libero completes an attack hit if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than
the top of the net.
● A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net when the ball is coming
from an overhand finger pass by a Libero in his/ her front zone.
G. Blocking
1. Blocking is the action of players close to the net to intercept the ball coming from the opponent by
reaching higher than the top of the net, regardless of the height of the ball contact. Only front-row
players are permitted to complete a block, but at the moment of the contact with the ball, a part of
the body must be higher than the top of the net.
2. Block attempt
A block attempt is the action of blocking without touching the ball.
Completed block
A block is completed whenever the ball is touched by a blocker.
Collective block
A collective block is executed by two or three players close to each other and is completed when
one of them touches the ball.
3. Block contact
Consecutive (quick and continuous) contacts with the ball may occur by one or more blockers,
provided that the contacts are made during one action
4. Blocking within the opponent’s space
In blocking, the player may place his/her hands and arms beyond the net, provided that this action
does not interfere with the opponent’s play. Thus, it is not permitted to touch the ball beyond the net
until an opponent has executed an attack hit.
5. Block and team hits

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● A block contact is not counted as a team hit. Consequently, after a block contact, a team is
entitled to three hits to return the ball
● The first hit after the block may be executed by any player, including the one who has
touched the ball during the block
6. Blocking the service
To block an opponent's service is forbidden
7. Blocking faults
● The blocker touches the ball in the OPPONENT’S space either before or simultaneously
with the opponent’s attack hit.
● A back-row player or a Libero completes a block or participates in a completed block.
● Blocking the opponent’s service
● The ball is sent “out” off the block.
● Blocking the ball in the opponent’s space from outside the antenna.
● A Libero attempts an individual or collective block.
https://thepehub.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Badminton-Doubles-Rules-1.pdf
https://www.badmintonplanet.com/badminton-rules-laws-terms-regulations/2868-singles-guides-scoring-
system.html
https://www.sportsganiser.net/rulesOfBadminton.php
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https://extranet.bwfbadminton.com/docs/document-system/81/1466/1470/Section%204.1%20-%20%20Laws
%20of%20Badminton.pdf
https://www.badmintonsbest.com/blog/badminton-faults/#footfeet-are-off-the-ground-or-moving
FIVB-Volleyball_Rules_2017-2020-EN-v06.pdf
ACTIVITY 4

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BASIC VOLLEYBALL SKILLS

Identify the different skills in volleyball sport,
discuss the different skills in volleyball sport, and
demonstrate basic skills associated with volleyball game
BASIC VOLLEYBALL SKILLS

DEVELOPING FUNDAMENTALS ARE KEY TO SUCCESS IN VOLLEYBALL
Developing basic volleyball skills for success.
Fundamentals
I'm sure you have often heard the key to success in sports is focusing on fundamentals. This statement is
perhaps truer in volleyball than any other sport.
The best teams are always the most highly skilled teams.
The most fundamentally sound teams have the best skills and are very confident. These highly skilled players
have the ability to focus better than anyone else.
As player skills improve, standards increase. This is key if you want to have highly successful volleyball teams.
As skill improves, the players expectation will increase. As a player learns, they will start to expect to be more
successful.
Learning is fun and as skill level improves, players will naturally try to improve their skill level. This is a cycle
that will never stop. As long as skill level is improving, players will never become "burned out". It's natural to
never be satisfied. As long as the athlete believes and expects to improve, they will continue to always
experience more success.

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6 Basic Volleyball Skills

1. SERVICE
A properly executed serve provides the serving team with a significant advantage over the receiving
team. A serve that is properly placed can cause players on the receiving team to get out of position or attempt
awkward returns. The server must stand behind the service line at the end of the court. There are three serving
styles in volleyball. The underhand serve, the overhand serve and the jump serve. The underhand serve
generally is a relatively slow serve that travels high in the air toward the rear of the court. Both the overhand
serve and the jump serve are fast serves frequently struck with top spin.
Focus on correct technique and strive for success. In addition, always serve to score points, NOT just
to get the ball into the opponent’s court.
Types of Service
There are different types of serves in volleyball, depending on your skill level and the competitive situation. For
beginners, the underhand serve is the most common because it is the easiest to learn.
For competitive volleyball, there are three main types of overhand serves: the floater, the topspin, and the jump
serve. Try them all to find out which one suits you best, but keep in mind that you will want to be somewhat
proficient in all three.
a. Underhand service - An underhand serve is a type of serve in which the player holds the ball in one
hand, swings the other in an arc motion below the waist and strikes the ball from the bottom with a fist
to put it in play. In an underhand serve, the player does not toss the ball up in the air, as in other serve
attempts. Video tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnG7XJDunzs&ab_channel=SikanaEnglish
b. Overhand service - For all overhand serves, you start with your dominant-side foot back and the ball
held extended in your non-dominant hand. Then you toss the ball up in front of you hitting hand. How
you hit it depends on the type of overhand serve you want to create. The biggest difference between
the types of overhand serves is the server's body position, where contact is made on the ball, and the
follow-through. Video tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=SnG7XJDunzs&ab_channel=SikanaEnglish
c. Floater - A float serve or a floater is a serve that does not spin. It is called a floater because it moves in
unpredictable ways, making it difficult to pass. A float serve catches the air and can move unexpectedly
to the right or the left or it can drop suddenly.
To hit a floater, you make contact in front of your body with your hand hitting behind the middle of the
ball. The arm follows through but only partway. By hitting directly behind the ball, you ensure there's no
spin. Video tutorial: https://youtu.be/JTB9Y9rTuv0
d. Topspin - A topspin serve does exactly that—spins rapidly forward from the top. This serve has a much
more predictable movement than a floater, but can be difficult to handle because of its quick speed and
difficult to pass because it drops rapidly.
To serve a topspin, you toss the ball a little higher, step under the toss, and strike the ball underneath,
toward the top of the back in a down and outward motion. The arm follows all the way through with a
wrist snap. Video tutorial: https://youtu.be/qAd0pjorwy0
e. Jump serve - The jump serve is more advanced and utilizes an even higher toss that should be several
feet in front of the server. You use more of an attack approach, jumping and striking the ball with the
heel of your hand while you're in the air. With this serve, your wrist remains stiff, then you hold (stop)
your palm in position facing the target.

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The extra motion of jumping allows you to put even more power on the ball, making this serve very
difficult to handle. The drawback is that all that extra motion can lead to a higher incidence of serving
errors. Most jump serves have topspin on them, but it is possible to jump-serve a floater. Video tutorial:
https://youtu.be/JTB9Y9rTuv0
2. PASSING
Passing also is known as "bumping" in an offensive sequence and "digging" when used to defend an
offensive shot. Passing is executed by interlocking your fingers, holding your arms straight and away from your
body. Make contact with the ball on your forearms and follow through to your target. The only allowable service
return is a pass, so it is frequently the first shot in a three-shot sequence.
Two types of PASSING:

a. The Forearm Pass
Forearm volleyball pass involves hitting the ball in a controlled manner to your teammate. The forearms
are made into a flat platform, positioned ready for the ball to come into contact.
The arms aren't necessarily swung when passing. Swinging the arms will result in a less controlled
pass. The technique for forearm passing is more of a total body movement, not an arm swing. When passing,
the entire body should be moving forward with a shrug of the shoulders.
You may have noticed great players moving backwards away from the ball as they pass. The best
passers seem to move backwards, absorbing the ball on their arms allowing for more control passing.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=siDVtYyRG_M&ab_channel=SikanaEnglish
b. Overhead Passing
The overhead pass involves hitting the ball using an overhead playing motion to direct the ball to your
teammate. The ball is played with the fingers using an overhead setting action.
Obviously, the goal of passing is to prevent the ball from landing on the court.
Players should use passing techniques they are comfortable with to pass the ball to the setter. Not all
players have the same level of skills. It's important to know what you are comfortable doing in game situations.
For example, a player may not be as comfortable overhead passing as they are forearm
passing. Therefore, the player should be inclined to volleyball pass with the forearms in game situations until
overhead passing skills are further developed.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GX49gLs6piU&ab_channel=SikanaEnglish
3. SETTING
Setting is the second step of passing, and it can be done to either dump the ball over into an
undefended spot or to “set” the ball into a position that allows the hitter to spike it over.
The perfect set is a high ball, just inches from the net. This gives the hitter an opportunity to hit it to
virtually any side or even to the rear of the opposing court. The possibilities of placement diminish the further
away the ball is set from the net. If the ball is set inches away from the net, the hitter has the flexibility to hit it
anywhere they want. Alternatively, a set that is feet away from the net only allows the hitter to aim for the back
of the opposing court, making the ball easier to defend and return.
The Different Stages of the Setting Process
It’s incredibly important for a volleyball player to set the ball in the right way. That’s why a volleyball player
should have an understanding of the setting process. A volleyball set consists of several stages. These include:
1. Approaching to the ball
2. Taking a setting position
3. Taking a setting action
And of course, a volleyball player has to do a great job at each of these stages to succeed in setting. Now, let’s
dig deeper into each stage of the standard volleyball setting process.
In order to set the ball, a volleyball player has to approach to it first. A setter has to act quickly and try to get to
the ball as soon as possible.

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When a setter gets to the ball, he/she has to prepare for a volleyball set. A volleyball player has to take the
correct setting position first.
Volleyball player’s body has to face the target. Volleyball players back has to be straight; knees have to be bent
and hands have to form the shape of the ball.
Now, it’s time to take an action and set the ball. A setter has to contact the ball above the forehead.
Setter’s elbows have to be bent. A setter has to use the power of legs to set the ball.
This is how the standard process of setting looks like. Now, let’s try to find out what volleyball player can do to
improve his/her set. Set a volleyball.
Hand Positioning and Technique
1. Bring your hands together.

2. Put your hands together with your finger tips
touching.
3. Open up your hands, forming a triangle with your
index fingers and thumbs.
4. Bring your fingers apart to a distance that would
be perfect for placing a ball.
This is the position you want to get your hands in just

before you contact the ball setting.
Finding the Hand Position

To find your volleyball setting position, put your hands above your head with your index fingers and your thumbs
together.
1. Bring Hands Together
You should be able to place a ball into this hand position and let the ball just sit
there comfortably.
2. Open Up Your Hands
3. Fingers to Shape of Ball
4. Final Position
When setting a volleyball, the ball should only be contacted by your fingers and never the palms of your hands.

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The points of contact on your fingers should be close to the same contact points as when you formed the
triangle (basically, you want your finger tips on the ball).
The ball should contact your thumbs and first two fingers with an equal amount of force, while your last two
fingers on both hands contact the ball with much less force.
4. HITTING
Having strong and powerful hitters on a volleyball team can be a huge asset, as it tends to intimidate
the competition. Volleyball hitters who can jump higher while maintaining body control will be able to hit the ball
to a selected spot, making it difficult for the opponent to return. The hitter can then focus on the timing of the set
and be in position for a powerful and successful hit.
Hitting uses almost every muscle in the body, which is why upper body strength is also essential for the
execution of hits. Volleyball players can be vulnerable to shoulder injuries from repeated use. Therefore,
developing strength in the abdominal, back and shoulder muscles is necessary to prevent injuries. The
additional strength also comes with the added benefit of more superior hits.
Main types of volleyball hits:

(1) Setting – It is an offensive hit that puts the ball in play. The setting is the essential hit, so it is important that a
player can do this hit well.
(2) Hitting – hitting is hitting the ball hard into the air or over the net. Hitting is usually done by a front-row player
and is usually the hardest hit.
(3) Receiving – receiving is catching a hard-hit ball. Receiving is usually done by a back-row player.
A volleyball hit is an important part of the game. This is because it allows you to control the ball and puts it in a
good position for your teammate to set it up for a spike.
5. BLOCKING
A block is a defensive playing action at the net. A block may be performed by one front row player or a
combination of front row players jumping near the net in front of an opposing attacker. The goal is to block the
spiked ball with the hands or arms preventing the spiker from a successful attack.
Blocking can be done by one to three players. There are single, double, and triple blocks in volleyball. The
concept behind the three blocks is all the same.
Each blocker needs to:
1. Stay close to the net and keep their hands at shoulder level with their palms facing the net.
2. Once the ball is set to a hitter, the blocker needs to follow the hitter and keep their eyes on them.
3. Wait for the opponent to jump first and jump immediately after the attacker jumps.
4. While up in the air, reach and stretch your hands over the net (as shown in the image to the right).
5. Make sure you angle your hands so that the ball will rebound off your hands and fall on the opponent’s
court instead of going out of bounds or coming onto your court.
6. Whether you touch the ball or not, you must immediately look for the ball and continue to play if
possible.
BLOCKS
Block Assist
A block assist is given when two or three players participate in a successful block at the same time. This is also
known as a collective block.
Double Block

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A double block is when two players are working in unison to deflect an attacked ball at the net. It's a good
strategy to put up a double block as often as possible to help prevent successful attacking.
Triple Block
A triple block is when three players jump up together at the net to block. A team putting up a triple block at the
net is often difficult to do successfully. Since each team has 3 players at the net that could possibly get a set to
attack, it can be difficult for blockers to get in correct position to put up a triple block because you don't know
who is going to be set.
Volleyball is a sport that requires all the players to know and perform many kinds of hits. It is essential
that the team works together well, and that each player knows their role in the game. If players use each of
these hits effectively, they will have a successful time playing the game of volleyball.
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blocking-in-volleyball.html

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PROJECT
Name: ________________________________________ Date: __________________

Course/Section: ________________________________
I. Instruction: RECORD YOURSELF PERFORMING THE FOLLOWING BASIC SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL.

SUBMIT YOUR VIDEO PRESENTATION IN OUR GOOGLE CLASSROOM.
1. SERVICE
2. PASSING
3. HITTING
4. BLOCKING
5. SETTING

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POSITIONS/ ROLES IN VOLLEYBALL SPORT

identify the different positions/ roles in Volleyball sport,
discuss the different positions/ roles, and
demonstrate the description of each role.
POSITIONS AND ROLES IN VOLLEYBALL SPORT

There are six positions on a volleyball court, and each position serves a unique role in the success of
the team. Just like other competitive teams, you need to depend on each player to not only do their job but do
their job well. Volleyball is extremely fast-paced and requires serious athletic ability. Depending on your skill-set
and which aspect of the game you excel in the most, you can determine which of these six positions you will
play. In today’s blog, Hoover Met Complex will break down each of these volleyballs play positions.
1. SETTER
The setter is the main contributor to the offense of the volleyball team. One of the requirements of the
setter is having a delicate touch to set the ball perfectly for one of the attacking players. Communication is
extremely important for the setter because they need to get the rest of the players on the same page. Without
the setter, there wouldn’t be hard spikes or technical ball movement.
2. OUTSIDE HITTER
The outside hitter is also known as the left-side hitter and is the lead attacker in the offensive strategy.
To be a successful outsider hitter, you must be able to jump high, be quick on your feet, and be ready to adapt
to different situations. The volleyball won’t always be placed where the outsider hitter would like, so they need
to be prepared for hits from a variety of places.
3. OPPOSITE HITTER
Also known as the right-side hitter, these players need to be a perfect balance of both offense and
defense. They will also get many opportunities to hit the volleyball, so similar to the outside hitter, jumping ability
is vital. The main difference that sets the opposite hitter apart is their defensive responsibility. Being able to
receive the serve from the opposing team is just one of the many requirements of this specialized position.
4. MIDDLE BLOCKER
The middle blocker, sometimes known as the middle hitter, is the tallest player on the volleyball team.
Their main role for the team is being the first line of defense against the opposing team’s hits. The middle
blocker needs to read the other team’s attackers to quickly raise his or her arms above the net in a blocking
attempt. However, this is not a defense-only position. The middle blocker will have chances for quick points
throughout the set.

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5. LIBERO
The libero can become confusing for non-volleyball players. They can only play on the back row of the
court, and because of this, are the ideal person to receive a hit from the opposite team. There are set rules the
libero needs to follow, such as not attacking the ball at the net, playing a set for an attacker from the front, and
more. You can always tell a libero apart from the rest of the team because they wear a different colored jersey.
6. DEFENSIVE SPECIALIST
The thing that sets the defensive specialist apart from other volleyball positions is their ability to
substitute out any player on the court. This will count against the team’s total of 12 substitutions. The defensive
specialist traditionally focuses on ball control and passing and works well with the libero.
In this section, we will cover some of the basic principles that are useful for new players to understand how
to position themselves at the beginning of rallies during a volleyball match.
I. Player Positions
The numbering system used to describe where you are in the service rotation can also be used to describe
where you are playing on the court during the play and not just during the serve.
So, if you play the front row, middle position, you would play the “3”. So, if a person
described herself as a “4”, you could tell where she usually plays by matching it up to
the position on the court. This method is less common for describing player positions,
but is very commonly used to reference areas of the court
Another way to describe a player’s position focuses on the actual physical position
where the player is playing (left front, middle front, right front, left back, middle back, left
back). Note the orientation assumes you are facing the net.
II. Player Roles

So, you can describe where a player is in the service rotation using the numbering system described. You can
use the same numbering system to describe where the player plays during the point or you can use a physical
description of the player’s location to describe where the player plays during the point.
Yet another way of describing where a player plays during the point is to describe the player’s primary
responsibilities.
1. SETTER
This position is essentially the quarterback or point guard of the team. A setter runs the team’s offense.
They aim to receive the second touch, setting it for an attacking player. Due to this responsibility, they need to
have strong communication skills as they direct the offense and make quick decisions on the court.
A setter should be able to identify the opponent’s blockers and single out which one is the weakest.
Since they can play in either the front or back row, setters need to be ready to block, dig and receive a
serve on defense.
Responsibilities:
● Run the offense.
● Set the ball for teammates.

● Use a “dump shot” to keep opponents off balance.

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● Be a vocal leader.
● Dig and block on defense.
● Identify blockers.
2. OUTSIDE HITTER
The outside hitter – also known as the left-side hitter – attacks from the left antenna and requires a
player with good jumping ability.
The outside hitter is often the focal point of the offense and completes most of the attack hits. They
must be able to adjust to sets coming from any location, as well as hit from the front and back rows.
On defense, they often receive the serve. Many outside hitters possess good back row skills and
remain in the game for all rotations. They also work with the middle hitter in blocking opponent’s shots.
Responsibilities:
● Play in both the front and back row.
● Be the go-to hitter.

● One of the primary passers.
● Read the opponent’s defense and call out hitters.
● Block, often with the middle blocker.
3. OPPOSITE HITTER
This position is essentially the quarterback or point guard of the team. A setter runs the team’s offense.
They aim to receive the second touch, setting it for an attacking player. Due to this responsibility, they need to
have strong communication skills as they direct the offense and make quick decisions on the court.
A setter should be able to identify the opponent’s blockers and single out which one is the weakest.
Since they can play in either the front or back row, setters need to be ready to block, dig and receive a
serve on defense.
Responsibilities:
● Run the offense.
● Set the ball for teammates.

● Use a “dump shot” to keep opponents off balance.
● Be a vocal leader.
● Dig and block on defense.
● Identify blockers.
4. MIDDLE BLOCKER
This spot is known as either the middle blocker or middle hitter. The team’s tallest athlete tends to play
here. Their additional height can help the player excel in this role.
On defense, the middle blocker blocks the center area of the net and has to be ready for the opponent’s
quick middle attacks. But they also need to move to either side to help teammates close blocks with the
opposite hitter and outside hitter.
On offense, they play near the setter to execute fast attacks. The middle hitter must be able to read the
setter and adjust their approach to get the most of their attack. They can also act as a decoy to help confuse
opponents and spread out their blockers.
Responsibilities:

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● Read the opponent’s hitters to set up blocks.

● Block opponent’s shots.
● Use quick attacks on offense.
● Act as a decoy on offense.
5. LIBERO
However, liberos do play a key role on offense. They need to be able to turn the first touch into a solid
pass to the setter. They also may need to set the ball from the back row if the setter isn’t available.
Liberos can come in and out of the game as needed and do not count against a team’s substitutions.
They also wear different colored jerseys to distinguish themselves from their teammates. But there are several
things a libero cannot do. They cannot block, set an attack from the front court or attack the ball above the
height of the net.
Responsibilities:
● Replace certain players in the back row.
● Be ready to dig an opponent’s attack.

● Receive the opponent’s serve.
● Set the ball if the setter isn’t available.
6. DEFENSIVE SPECIALIST
This is another spot that’s all about playing defense. Defensive specialists come in to replace a player who may
not have the right skills for the back row. Unlike the libero, defensive specialists must make a substitution with the
referees. Since teams may only have a certain number of substitutions depending on their league rules, defensive
specialists are limited to certain situations.
Another key difference between the libero and defensive specialists is that defensive specialists can play any
spot on the court. While a libero will sub out after rotating through the back row, a defensive specialist can
technically stay in and play the front row if needed.
Responsibilities:
● Replace certain players in the back row.
● Be ready to dig or pursue.

● Be ready to play in the front row if needed.
● Play as a back-row hitter.
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HAND SIGNALS IN BADMINTON

Identify the call signs during the play in Volleyball,
demonstrate the hand signal in Volleyball, and
describe how hand signals are used in Volleyball game.
HAND SIGNALS IN VOLLEYBALL AND THEIR MEANING
If you have ever watched volleyball, I’m sure there has been a stoppage and point awarded that has left
you feeling somewhat confused.
As you turn to the referee to look for clarification you may just see a variety of hand signals which only
adds to the confusion.
Unless you can watch with an informed commentator you may have to rely on your own deduction skills
to work out exactly what is going on.
Fortunately, the hand signals aren’t too hard to get to grips with and hopefully by the end of this article
you will know exactly what each of them mean.
If you will look below, you will see the full exhaustive list of all official hand signals.
The following contains descriptions of the Official FIVB (International Volleyball Federation) Referee’s hand
signals that we will be using. It is easy and well worth the effort for any player to learn these basic hand signals.
Basics to remember are:
● All one-handed signals are made with the hand toward the side of the team which made the error or
request
● Immediately after a rally is over, the hand signal “Team to Serve” and a point is always indicated FIRST
to the team who earned the next service and point
● Next, the hand signal explaining the reason why (or what the game/ball fault is) is indicated

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PE 104 TEAM SPORTS MODULE Tangco

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PE 104

I. Course Title: TEAM SPORTS

II. Course Overview:

III. Course Study Guide:

IV. COURSE EVALUATION:

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

PHYSICAL EDUCATION LEGAL BASIS

1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE PHILIPPINES

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5708

What is team sports?

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

1. Define Team Sports.

2. Give examples of Team sports.

3. Why do we need to learn these sports?

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

First public games

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

● Injuries to the hand, fingers, head, face and teeth

● Wear the right gear.

● Warm up and stretch before playing.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

When you're playing basketball, make sure you:

● Wear shoes designed for basketball.

● Follow the rules and play fairly.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

II. Instruction: Enumerate at least 5 common terminologies in Basketball.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

● discuss common terminologies in basketball

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

6. Free Throw Circle

1. Three Second Area

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Front Court & Back Court

III. Court Dimensions & Timing Comparisons

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

ABOUT THE HOOP

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

● Inside Shooting: Shots taken by a player near or under the basket.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

● Trailer: An offensive player that follows behind the ball-handler.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

III. Instruction: ENUMERATE WHAT IS ASKED.

1. ENUMERATE 10 FOULS IN BASKETBALL.

2. ENUMERATE 10 HAND SIGNALS IN BASKETBALL. (WITH DESCRIPTION)

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

FOULS AND VIOLATIONS IN BASKETBALL

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

● identify the fouls and violations in basketball

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

⮚ 1 point, if the ball was released for a free throw.

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas