Ocean racing, an arduous and dangerous sport, Uncle Sam is the name used (6)…… the U.S.

especially in long- distance solo event, (1)……. increased government. Possibly it was an expansion of the letters
notice. Today’s ocean racers sail advanced multihulled U.S. on uniforms and government property, but some
yachts and are aided by (2)…….. modern technology as sources (7) ……. the origin of the term to Samuel Wilson.
sophisticated communication devices and satellite- Samuel Wilson, (8) …… nickname was Uncle Sam, was
generated weather reports. Sailboat racing has also an inspector of army supplies. The ‘’U.S.’’ stamped on
been part of the Olympic Games (3)…….. 1900. Sailing, supplies was referred to as Uncle Sam by the workmen.
(4)………. a sport of the wealthy , has been opened to (9)……… origin, the term (10) …… wide application and
wider (5) …….. by modern methods of boat building. became permanent.

1. A) was gaining 6. A) having designated

B) had gained B) to designating
C) has gained C) having been designated
D) used to gain D) to designate
E) would be gained To being designated

2. A) so 7. A) attribute
B) as B) rebel
C) too C) withdraw
D) such D) adjourn
E) enough E) benefit

3. A) until 8. A) who
B) since B) whose
C) by C) that
D) in D) which
E) at E) whom

4. A) reluctantly 9. A) In order that

B) cautiously B) Considering that
C) tentatively C) In that
D) considerately D) Regardless of
E) traditionally E) Because

5. A) deficiency 10. A) has found

B) evidence B) finds
C) derivation C) used to find
D) generosity D) found
E) participation E) has been finding

1
Existing sharks differ (11) ………. size from the whale Skyscrapers today are carefully designed (16) …….. they
shark, (12)…….. is the largest fish. Small sharks are not will survive every kind of disaster: earthquakes, fires,
unusual; in fact, many reach maximum lengths of (13) strong winds, and (17) ……. colliding airplane. Before a
….. a few feet, and most sharks are no larger than an skyscraper is ever built, careful (18) ……. is given to its
(14)……… adult human being. Only a handful of sharks, foundation. A skyscraper can be in a lot of trouble (19)
including the blue, white, hammerhead, and reef shark, ……. a firm foundation. That’s why the underground
are considered dangerous to humans, and the chances foundation of a skyscraper may take as long to create as
of (15) …….. by even one of these is extremely remote. the building (20)……… .

11. A) of 16. A) whenever

B) above B) so that
C) in C) which
D) under D) in order to
E) on E) otherwise

12. A) whose 17. A) too

B) that B) enough
C) of which C) rather
D) whom D) as
E) which E) even

13. A) such 18. A) consideration

B) just B) modesty
C) more C) destiny
D) so much D) fascination
E) at once E) evaporation

14. A) inflexible 19. A) over

B) adverse B) by
C) obsessive C) without
D) average D) in
E) eager E) through

15. A) attacking 20. A) by themselves

B) attacked B) one another
C) to be attacked C) itself
D) having attacked D) themselves
E) being attacked E) on their own

2
The devastating volcanic eruption of there was one of the The Kennedy Curse refers to a series of unfortunate
biggest volcanic eruptions on Earth in the last few events that have happened to the Kennedy family. While
thousand years. A series of warning earthquakes (21) these events (26)………. to any family, some (27)
……… alarming early (22)………. before the eruption for ……….to the continual misfortune of the Kennedy family
all the residents to pack up and move out, as not a single as a curse. the improbability of so many repeated
body (23)……… at the Akrotiri site. The single body instances of misfortune within one family, (28) ……….
found on Therasia has now been identified as a (24) two high-profile political assassinations, has raised
……… earlier funerary burial. The thinness of the first questions as to (29) ……… the curse results (30) ………
ash layer indicates that the volcano may have given sheer bad luck or from coordinated violence against the
warning at most months in advance and not years as Kennedy family.
previously (25)………....
26. A) had to happen
21. A) can be B) didn’t need to happen
B) must have been C) needn’t have happened
C) may be D) could have happened
D) should be E) didn’t have to happen
E) are supposed to be
27. A) had been referred
22. A) too B) had referred
B) such C) have referred
C) as D) were referring
D) enough E) would have referred
E) than
28. A) considerately
23. A) found B) generously
B) was finding C) humorously
C) had found D) especially
D) finds E) patiently
E) has been found
29. A) what
24. A) many B) whether
B) few C) how
C) much D) that
D) several E) which
E) none
30. A) at
25. A) has believed B) off
B) had believed C) about
C) believed D) of
D) used to believe E) from
E) would believe

3
In the past, only men (31) …….. actors. In the ancient For many years ,talk of the 10th planet has been
and medieval world, it was considered (32) ……. for a attributed (36) ……… conspiracy theorists. (37) ……. . a
woman to go on the stage, and this belief (33) ……….. ground breaking discovery (38) …….. by scientists in
right up until the 17th century, when in Venice it was 2003 confirms (39)………. many people have suspected
broken. In the time of William Shakespeare, women’s all along, that the 10th planet indeed exists, and is not
roles were played by men or boys, (34) ……. there is mere (40) ……… . Astronomers discovered a large
some evidence to suggest that women (35) …….. as object which orbits the sun. It has at least one moon, and
men also illegally performed. is much larger than Pluto.

31. A) may become 36. A) from

B) must have become B) of
C) can become C) in
D) had to become D) to
E) could become E) about

32. A) disgraceful 37. A) No matter

B) hereditary B) Despite
C) grateful C) Even though
D) noble D) Regardless of
E) ornamental E) However

33. A) used to continue 38. A) was made

B) would have continued B) made
C) continued C) has been made
D) has continued D) was making
E) continues E) has made

34. A) in view of 39. A) what

B) despite B) whose
C) owing to C) that
D) regardless of D) whom
E) though E) which

35. A) searched 40. A) dignity

B) disguised B) endurance
C) threatened C) speculation
D) collapsed D) immunity
E) expanded E) regulation

4
(41)……….. interacting with the bees, novice beekeepers Physical attractiveness is the perception of the physical
usually wear protective clothing, including gloves and a (46) ……… of an individual human person or a group,
hooded suitor hat and veil. Experienced beekeepers do race, or type of people, as attractive or beautiful. Some
not use gloves (42) …….. they make movement clumsy aspects of (47) ……. physical traits are judged attractive
and can (43) ……. disease from one hive to (44) …….. . are universal to (48) …….. human cultures, while (49)
The face and neck are the most important areas to ……… are restricted to (50) ………. cultures or time
protect, (45) ……. most beekeepers will at least wear a periods.
veil.
46. A) intervals
41. A) By the time B) petitions
B) In order to C) objections
C) Unless D) instructions
D) When E) traits
E) On purpose that
47. A) whom
42. A) but for B) how
B) in case of C) that
C) in that D) while
D) apart from E) who
E) regardless of
48. A) neither
43. A) evaluate B) each
B) transmit C) all
C) interpret D) either
D) measure E) every
E) regard
49. A) other
44. A) their B) one another
B) by themselves C) the other
C) itself D) others
D) another E) each other
E) oneself
50. A) particular
45. A) no matter B) intentional
B) with aim of C) urgent
C) in addition D) optional
D) on account of E) reluctant
E) so

5
Smog is problem in (51)…….. cities and continues to Until humans (56)………. a way to breathe underwater
harm human health. Ground –level ozone is especially each dive was necessarily short and frantic. In the 16th
harmful for seniors, children, and people with heart and century people began to use probably the first (57)
lung conditions. It can cause shortness of breath and ……… means of staying under water. In England and
pain when (52)……. deeply. It interferes (53)…….. the France, full diving suits made of leather were used to
body’s ability to fight infection, increasing (54)………. to depths of 60 feet. Air (58) …….. down from the surface
illness. Hospital admissions and respiratory deaths often with the aid of manual pumps. Soon helmets were made
(55) …….. during periods when ozone levels are high. of metal to (59) …….. even greater water pressure and
divers went deeper. (60)……… the 1830s, the surface-
51. A) only a little supplied air helmet was perfected well enough to allow
B) every extensive salvage work.
C) none
D) a number of 56. A) have found
E) both B) would find
C) find
52. A) to inhale D) will find
B) inhaled E) found
C) to have inhaled
D) inhale 57. A) eager
E) to be inhaled B) greedy
C) affective
53. A) at D) candid
B) of E) imaginary
C) with
D) from 58. A) is being pumped
E) for B) has pumped
C) would pump
54. A) classification D) pumped
B) separation E) was pumped
C) appreciation
D) susceptibility 59. A) withstand
E) guidance B) donate
C) resent
55. A) were increasing D) discover
B) had increased E) estimate
C) increase
D) would increase 60. A) When
E) had been increasing B) Meanwhile
C) By
D) While
E) By the time

6
(61) ……… the collapse of the gold standard, gold has Sacrifice is a type of religious offering (66)…….. the
largely lost its role as a form of currency, but many offering is consecrated through its destruction. Sacrifices
people (62) ……. gold as a store of value and a safe may be performed on a regular basis, according to
haven in times of crisis. In times (63) ……. Inflation is established patterns of daily, monthly, of seasonal acts,
high people (64) …….. protection through (65) …….. real or on special occasions, (67) ……… at important times in
assets rather than paper currencies. an individual’s life. The purpose of the act is (68) ………
to establish or sustain a proper relationships with the god
61. A) Whenever or gods. Sacrifices may simply express respect or they
B) While may give thanks (69)……. good fortune. Humans have
C) As soon as been known to sacrifice anything (70) ……… they have
D) When ever used or produced.
E) Since
66. A) whose
62. A) were considered B) what
B) consider C) of whom
C) have been considered D) who
D) used to consider E) in which
E) had considered
67. A) indecently
63. A) which B) barely
B) what C) notably
C) when D) slightly
D) how E) rudely
E) why
68. A) both
64. A) sought B) either
B) had sought C) but also
C) were speaking D) no sooner
D) seek E) neither
E) had been seeking
69. A) above
65. A) hold B) off
B) to hold C) below
C) to have held D) against
D) have held E) for
E) holding
70. A) that
B) whose
C) why
D) how
E) whom

7
Contrary to popular belief, not all sharks must keep The movie The King and I was banned from being shown
swimming (71) ………. breathe. The born shark, swell in Thailand in 1991 (76) ……… historical and cultural
shark and sand tiger shark are examples of sharks that distortions. One government official was reported in the
can breathe (72) ……… motionless. Sharks are also newspapers as saying that the people could do (77)
widely adapted to an amazing (73) ………. of habitats, …….. they liked in the (78) …….. of their own home.
from the deep sea to fresh water. They hunt detecting However, the police put their foot down and threatened to
electrical fields (74) …….. by other animals. (75) ……… prosecute (79) ……. the people selling the pirate CD, but
their reputation as awesome and invincible predators, also anyone (80) ………. owned copies at home.
sharks perform a variety of essential roles in the balance
of nature. 76. A) due to the fact that
B) nonetheless
71. A) as soon as C) on grounds of
B) in order to D) only if
C) when E) supposing that
D) so that
E) regardless 77. A) why
B) what
72. A) by the time C) whose
B) before D) that
C) while E) where
D) after
E) ever since 78. A) anxiety
B) tuition
73. A) range C) privacy
B) destruction D) obstinacy
C) attempt E) exhaustion
D) persecution
E) instinct 79. A) when
B) no sooner
74. A) were emitted C) until
B) had emitted D) either
C) have been emitted E) not only
D) emitted
E) were emitting 80. A) of which
B) whom
75. A) Because C) which
B) However D) that
C) In that E) of whom
D) Nonetheless
E) In spite of

8
The Chernobly disaster was a unique event and the only Sven Olof Joachim Palme was the Prime Minister of
accident in the history of commercial nuclear power (81) Sweden (86) …….. his assassination in 1986. Olof Palme
……… radiation-related fatalities occurred. But how bad could be seen (87) ……… any bodyguard protection, and
was it really? Decades after the (82) ……….., the search the night of his murder was one such occasion. (88)
(83) ……… answers continues. The death zone is still ………. home from a movie theatre with his wife Lisbet
off-limits today. Police officers armed with automatic Palme on the central Stockholm street . Sveavagen,
weapons man the checkpoint blocking the road to the close to midnight on February 28, 1986, the couple were
Chernobly reactor, and only those (84) …….. are able to attacked by a lone gunman. Palme was fatally shot in the
produce special permits are waved through. The forest back at close range. A second shot (89) …….. Lisbet
grows wild on both sides of the asphalt road. Windowless Palme. Mrs. Palme’s wound (90) …….. and she
ruins of single-level houses are visible through a thicket recovered.
of birch, pine and poplar trees. Meter by meter, nature is
taking back the land once (85) …….. by the residents of 86. A) when
Chernobly. B) until
C) after
81. A) where D) by the time
B) which E) as soon as
C) whom
D) that 87. A) at
E) who B) without
C) on
82. A) classification D) of
B) ambition E) about
C) resignation
D) calamity 88. A) Having walked
E) generosity B) Walked
C) Walking
83. A) off D) Have walked
B) at E) To have walked
C) for
D) against 89. A) wounded
E) under B) has wounded
C) wounds
84. A) what D) used to wound
B) when E) will wound
C) where
D) who 90. A) treated
E) how B) has been treated
C) was treating
85. A) claiming D) had treating
B) to have claimed E) was treated
C) to claim
D) claimed
E) having claimed

9
It has been hypothesized (91) ……… emotions typical of The People’s Republic of China is considered a rising
human beings (92) …….. anger, fear or sadness have superpower (96) ……….. its large, stable and highly
evolved and changed in many ways ever since the productive population. China’s armed forces are the
species first (93) ……… . (94)……….. what is said about biggest in the world. It possesses a few hundred active
emotions is conditioned by culture and even politics. (95) nuclear weapons, and is the third nation to be capable
………. specific emotional responses, as well as a (97) …….. sending humans into space. China is one of
group’s interpretation of their significance, may be the five (98) ……… members of the UN Security Council
influenced by cultural norms. with veto power. From the end of the 1970s to 2004,
China (99) ………. 300 million people out of poverty. The
91. A) who (100) ……….. of poverty dropped from 30.7 percent to
B) whose 3.1 percent.
C) that
D) which 96. A) no matter
E) whom B) because
C) even though
92. A) rather D) however
B) as long as E) due to
C) such as
D) but for 97. A) from
E) lest B) about
C) out
93. A) have been emerging D) of
B) emerged E) by
C) emerge
D) are emerging 98. A) hilarious
E) have emerged B) contagious
C) permanent
94. A) Few of D) obsolete
B) Many of E) punctual
C) Some
D) Much of 99. A) moves
E) Several B) has moved
C) moved
95. A) Nevertheless D) will have moved
B) On condition that E) will be moving
C) By contrast
D) In order to 100. A) hospitality
E) That’s to say B) captivity
C) resemblance
D) incidence
E) coincidence

10