Test Bank For Introductory Chemistry An Atoms First Approach 1St Edition Burdge Driessen 0073402702 9780073402703 Full Chapter PDF
Test Bank For Introductory Chemistry An Atoms First Approach 1St Edition Burdge Driessen 0073402702 9780073402703 Full Chapter PDF
Test Bank For Introductory Chemistry An Atoms First Approach 1St Edition Burdge Driessen 0073402702 9780073402703 Full Chapter PDF
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1.
2. Visible light, radio waves, microwave radiation, infrared, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays all constitute
the electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the following characteristics do all of these kinds of radiation share?
A. They all have the ability to generate heat in objects.
B. They all have the same frequencies.
C. They are all the transmission of energy in the form of waves.
D. They have equal energies.
E. They have the same electron spin state.
3. Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the shortest wavelength and increases to longest
wavelength.
A. radio, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays
B. radio, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays
C. gamma rays, radio, ultraviolet, infrared
D. gamma rays, infrared, radio, ultraviolet
E. gamma rays, ultraviolet, infrared, radio
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
Difficulty: Hard
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Electromagnetic Radiation (Wave Properties)
Subtopic: Measurement (SI Units)
Subtopic: Scientific Notation and Significant Figures
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
4. Select the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation which starts with the lowest energy and increases to the greatest
energy.
A. radio, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays
B. radio, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays
C. gamma rays, infrared, radio, ultraviolet
D. gamma rays, ultraviolet, infrared, radio
E. infrared, ultraviolet, radio, gamma rays
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
Difficulty: Hard
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Electromagnetic Radiation (Wave Properties)
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
2-1
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5. What is the emission of light at only specific wavelengths?
A. Emission spectra
B. Hydrogen spectrum
C. Wave spectra
D. Limited spectra
E. Line spectra
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Atomic Spectra (Bohr Model of the Atom)
Subtopic: Electromagnetic Radiation (Wave Properties)
Subtopic: Measurement (SI Units)
Subtopic: Scientific Notation and Significant Figures
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
6. List the following types of radiation from lowest frequency to highest frequency: microwave, X ray, ultraviolet,
visible, and infrared
7. Which of the following electron transitions would be expected to emit any light in the Bohr model of the atom?
A. n = 1 to n = 3
B. n = 5 to n = 6
C. n = 2 to n = 5
D. n = 4 to n = 3
2-2
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8. Which of the following electron transitions would be expected to emit any light in the Bohr model of the atom?
A. n = 1 to n = 4
B. n = 3 to n = 1
C. n = 2 to n = 3
D. n = 5 to n = 7
9. Which of the following electron transitions would be expected to absorb any light in the Bohr model of the atom?
A. n = 1 to n = 3
B. n = 3 to n = 2
C. n = 4 to n = 2
D. n = 6 to n = 5
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Atomic Spectra (Bohr Model of the Atom)
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
10. Which of the following electron transitions would be expected to absorb any light in the Bohr model of the atom?
A. n = 7 to n = 2
B. n = 5 to n = 6
C. n = 1 to n = 3
D. n = 3 to n = 5
2-3
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12. Atomic orbitals developed using quantum mechanics
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 5.
E. 7.
14. How many orbitals can have the 3p description in a given atom?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
15. How many orbitals can have the 3d description in a given atom?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
2-4
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16. How many orbitals can have the 4s description in a given atom?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
17. How many orbitals can have the 4p description in a given atom?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A. 1f
B. 2d
C. 3c
D. 4s
A. 1p
B. 2p
C. 3f
D. 4z
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
2-5
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20. Determine which sublevel designation is not legitimate.
A. 1p
B. 2s
C. 3d
D. 4p
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
21. Determine which sublevel designation is not legitimate.
A. 4s
B. 2d
C. 3s
D. 5p
22. How many orbitals are there in the n = 4 level of the H-atom?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 16
E. 18
23. Each shell (principal energy level) of quantum number n contains n subshells.
TRUE
24. For all atoms of the same element, the 2s orbital is larger than the 1s orbital.
TRUE
2-6
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25. The orbital diagram for a ground-state nitrogen atom is
1s 2s 2p
A ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿
B ↿⇂ ↿ ↿⇂ ↿
C ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿
D ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿
E ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
2-7
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27. The orbital diagram for a ground-state carbon atom is
1s 2s 2p
A ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂
B ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿ ↿
C ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿ ↿
D ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿ ↿
E ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
E. E
28. Which ground-state atom has an electron configuration described by the following orbital diagram?
[Ar] ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂ ↿⇂↿ ↿
4s 3d 4p
A. phosphorus
B. germanium
C. selenium
D. tellurium
E. potassium
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
29. Which ground-state atom has an electron configuration described by the following orbital diagram?
[Ne]↿⇂ ↿↿↿
3s 3p
A. phosphorus
B. nitrogen
C. arsenic
D. vanadium
E. sulfur
2-8
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30. How many unpaired electrons does a ground-state atom of sulfur have?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4
31. Which element has the following ground-state electron configuration? 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Na
Mg
Al
Si
Ne
[Kr]5s24d105p3
A. Sn
B. Sb
C. Pb
D. Bi
E. Te
2-9
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33. Which element has the following ground-state electron configuration?
[Kr]5s24d105p2
A. Sn
B. Sb
C. Pb
D. Ge
E. Te
A. [Ar]4s24d3
B. [Ar]4s24p3
C. [Ar]4s23d3
D. [Ar]3d5
E. [Ar]4s23d7
2-10
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36. The ground-state electron configuration for an atom of indium is
A. [Kr]5s24p64d5
B. [Ar]4s23d104p1
C. [Ar]4s24p63d5
D. [Kr]5s25p64d5
E. [Kr]5s24d105p1
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Energy-Level Splitting (Zeff and Shielding)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
A. [Ne]3s2
B. [Ne]3s23p6
C. [Ar]4s13d1
D. [Ar]4s2
E. [Ar]3d2
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Energy-Level Splitting (Zeff and Shielding)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
A. 1s21p62s22p6
B. 1s22s22p83s23p4
C. 1s22s22p83s23p2
D. 1s22s22p63s23p4
E. 1s22s22p63s23d4
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Easy
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
2-11
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40. What is the correct electron configuration for a germanium (Ge) atom?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2
B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p2
C. 1s22s22p63s23p2
D. 1s22s23s23p5
E. None of the answers is correct.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Energy-Level Splitting (Zeff and Shielding)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
A. Kr.
B. Ni.
C. Fe.
D. Pd.
E. None of these choices is correct.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Energy-Level Splitting (Zeff and Shielding)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
A. 0
B. 2
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6
A. 0
B. 2
C. 4
D. 5
E. 6
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
2-12
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44. How many electrons are in the 4d orbitals of Tc?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
45. How many electrons are there in the 2nd principal energy level (n = 2) of a phosphorus atom?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 6
D. 8
E. 10
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze
Difficulty: Medium
Gradable: automatic
Subtopic: Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals (Aufbau Principle)
Subtopic: Quantum Numbers
Topic: Electron Configuration
Topic: Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure
46. How many electrons are there in the 3rd principal energy level (n = 3) of a phosphorus atom?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 6
D. 8
E. 10
2-13
Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
48. What element is represented by the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s14d10?
A. Ag
B. Rb
C. Cd
D. Sr
E. Cu
A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d6
B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s14f145d5
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d4
D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d7
E. 1s22s22p63s23p54s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d7
A. 1s22s22p63s13p3
B.1s22s22p63s23p2
C. 1s22s22p63s4
D. 1s22s22p63p4
E. 1s22s22p63s23p3
2-14
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whom we test its practical value is the preacher. Emerson remarked,
“What you are thunders so loud I cannot hear what you say.”
No great writer of modern times has written more persuasively of
the Christian way of life than Tolstoi; there is no doubt that his stories
and tracts have had an immense influence on millions of readers and
have inspired them toward unselfishness, kindness and humility. But
of all great Russian writers, Tolstoi himself was the most difficult to
get along with; he could not bear to hear any other writer praised and
was lacking in the grace of appreciation. His rival, Turgenev, who
had no religious belief of any kind, excelled Tolstoi in the virtues of
modesty, unselfishness and consideration for others.
One of the many reasons why the art of bringing up children is
the most difficult of all arts is that it is essential for parents to set a
daily example. All the moral precepts in the world will not seriously
impress children if their parents do not in their daily life come
somewhere near the ideals they hold up. The child will after a
fashion love his parents anyhow, but as he grows older and begins
to compare what he has been taught with what he sees, the child is
transformed into a judge. This partly explains that fear of their own
children which so many parents secretly feel.
If the parents make their small children go to church and stay
home themselves, the children quite naturally regard church-going
as one of the numerous penalties imposed on youth and look
forward to maturity as an escape from this and many other
unpleasant compulsions. If parents impress on their children the
necessity of telling the truth, they must not themselves tell lies; they
are being watched by the sharpest eyes in the world.
Although in a certain sense we are all hypocrites—for no one
can live up to his ideals—we hate any flagrant case of hypocrisy. I
suppose one reason we have a sneaking admiration for pirates is
that pirates are not hypocrites. There is no doubt that professional
pirates are more generally admired than professional politicians. I do
not say that politicians are hypocrites; I say that pirates are not.
It is the personalities of great leaders, much more than their
sayings, that have had a beneficial influence. The sayings of Jesus
—every word that has come down to us—can be read through in
three hours. But from His life and character flows a vital force,
tremendously effective after nineteen centuries. Very few people
read the literary compositions of Sir Philip Sidney, but millions have
been influenced by his life and character. The pure, unselfish life of
George Herbert is more efficacious than his poems; and consider
Saint Francis!
The Christian Church has had in every century of its existence
able, honest, determined foes, who have done their best to destroy
it; it is probable that they have done it no injury. Nor have the frank
sensualists and materialists hurt it at all. It has been injured only by
its professed friends.
If a physician opens an office, his most dangerous foes are not
his competitors, that is to say, other doctors; his most dangerous
foes are those of his patients who say, “Well, I took his medicine, and
it did me no good.” The best advertising is done by one’s sincere
friends and admirers; the good word about the new doctor, or the
new novel, or the new play, is passed along.
The Christian religion professes to make those who accept it
better and happier; every one who professes it and exhibits none of
its graces is a powerful argument against its validity. A man’s foes
are those of his own household.
Sometimes I think religion should first of all show itself in good
manners; that is, in true politeness, consideration for others,
kindness and deference without servility. Such persons are those we
love to meet and be with; they are good advertisements of their
religion; they will not have to talk about it because its effects are so
plainly and attractively seen.
XXV
LONDON AS A SUMMER RESORT
In the daily life of the average person the longest interval between
eating is that between the evening meal and breakfast; the very name
for the morning repast accurately describes its nature. It should
therefore, be taken seriously, which means that there should not only
be enough to eat, but that plenty of time should be allowed to eat it.
I am aware that there are many men of excellent character who eat
almost nothing for breakfast, and that there are some saints who eat
no breakfast at all. In character and personal habits, I have never met
a man more saintly than Henry Ford. I refer both to the asceticism of
his physical life and to the purity of the motives that inspire his
conduct. He eats no breakfast at all, not a morsel of food. He rises
very early, goes outdoors, runs a mile or two and then works with
absolute concentration till one o’clock, when he has the first meal of
the day. I asked him if he never felt any desire for food during so long a
morning; he replied that it was necessary for him in his vast
undertakings to have a mind entirely fresh and clear, and that he found
he could do better work on an empty stomach and with a brain
unclouded by food.
I suppose every man must be a law unto himself. It does not seem
to me that I could live happily without breakfast, yet I am sure that it is
better to omit the meal altogether than to eat it in the hurry and fever in
which many Americans devour it. Far too many prefer to lie in bed half
an hour longer than to use that precious half hour in the consumption
of food.
* * * * *
In the days when they had required morning chapel at Yale a great
many students came to chapel either without any breakfast or with
unassorted junks of it in their stomachs engaged in civil war. One early
morning I was walking up Elm Street in New Haven; the streets ware
filled with undergraduates sprinting to chapel. The lady with me said:
“Do look at those poor boys running to chapel with their tongues
hanging out!” I set her right at once. “Those are not tongues, those are
griddle cakes!”
Those young men were accurate calculators. Three minutes for
breakfast, one minute to reach chapel. They hurried the last griddle
cake into their faces as they left the dining hall, and it gradually
disappeared as they ran.
I love to see the whole family assemble at breakfast and eat a
good meal leisurely. In order to accomplish this, every one must get up
early enough to allow for complete preparation in the way of bathing,
shaving, etc., and then leave enough time to consume food in peace of
mind. Of how many families is this true? Of course, there are many
persons who like to eat breakfast in bed, and perhaps, there are some
who can do this neatly, even artistically. I never eat breakfast in bed
unless I am too sick to get up, for I hate to have crumbs all over my
night clothes or inside the bed. Furthermore, in spite of considerable
practice during various illnesses, I have never mastered the fine art of
swallowing food while in a horizontal position. To take coffee in this
manner is an achievement. And what is breakfast without coffee?
Although coffee is not an American product, I have never had a
satisfactory cup of coffee outside of the United States of America.
Americans alone seem to understand the secret of good coffee. The
English meet this problem illegitimately, by substituting tea. Now tea is
all very well in the late afternoon, but in the morning it is without
inspiration. And every man ought to start the day in an inspired
manner.
G. K. Chesterton says that Bernard Shaw is like coffee; he
stimulates but does not inspire. I should amend that, by saying Shaw is
like coffee because he stimulates but does not nourish. For I firmly
believe that both Shaw and coffee are alike in this: they do both
stimulate and inspire, but they do not nourish. I used to wonder what
Chesterton could possibly mean by saying that coffee did not inspire,
when suddenly the true explanation occurred to me. He was thinking of
English coffee.
The newspaper should not be read during the sacred rite of
breakfast. There is no doubt that many divorces have been caused by
the man’s opening and reading the newspaper at breakfast, thereby
totally eclipsing his wife. It is simply a case of bad manners, and bad
manners at food have in thousands of instances extinguished the fires
of love. Nor, although it is a common custom, do I believe that letters
should be opened and read at the breakfast table. One letter may
contain enough worry, disappointment and anger to upset a reader for
hours. And to eat food while one is angry, or worried, or excited is
almost as bad as eating poison. I never read letters at breakfast and I
never read letters in the evening.
For the same reason breakfast should be eaten in a calm and
peaceful state of mind, illuminated by happy family conversation. Many
men every day eat breakfast in feverish haste and then run to catch a
trolley car or a train. That horrible breakfast soon begins to assert
itself, and the man is in an irritable condition all the morning. It simply
does not pay to eat in a hurry. Breakfast should not resemble a
delirium.
And at the breakfast table all the members of the party should eat
or leave the room. It is a sad experience to be in a hotel or in a dining
car and have some acquaintance come up briskly and say: “I have
already had my breakfast, but I will sit and talk with you while you eat
yours.” That means he intends to watch you eat, and, just as your
mouth is full of food, he will ask you a question. I have observed many
patient men suffering tortures in this manner. I have even observed an
enormous mass of unchewed food distend their throats as they hastily
bolt it in the endeavor to reply to interrogations. A snake may swallow
a toad, but the snake’s constitution differs from a man’s.
If I could have only one meal a day, it would be breakfast. After a
good American breakfast—orange juice, cereal, coffee, toast, bacon
and eggs—I am ready for everything and anything. If the day begins in
the right manner its progress will be satisfactory. And the best of all
rules of diet is to eat what you like and take the time to do it.
XXIX
THE MOTHER TONGUE