Test Bank For Organic Chemistry 5Th Edition Smith 0078021553 9780078021558 Full Chapter PDF
Test Bank For Organic Chemistry 5Th Edition Smith 0078021553 9780078021558 Full Chapter PDF
9780078021558
Full link download:
Test Bank:
https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-organic-chemistry-5th-edition-smith-
0078021553-9780078021558/
A) I, II B) I, III C) II, IV D) I, IV
4. Which of the following species cannot act as both a Brønsted-Lowry acid and base?
A) HCO3- B) HSO4- C) HO- D) H2PO4-
5. Which of the following species is not a Brønsted-Lowry base?
A) BF3 B) NH3 C) H2O D) PO43-
6. Which of the following statements about Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases is true?
A) Loss of a proton from a base forms its conjugate acid.
B) Loss of a proton from an acid forms its conjugate base.
C) Gain of a proton by an acid forms its conjugate base.
D) Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reactions always result in the transfer of a proton from a
base to an acid.
8. Which of the following species is the conjugate base of the hydronium ion, H3O+?
A) H3O B) H2O- C) H2O D) HO-
9. Which of the following species is the conjugate acid of ammonia, NH3?
A) H4N B) H3N+ C) H2N- D) H4N+
Page 1
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
Page 2
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
20. Which of the following ranks the compounds in order of increasing basicity, putting
the least basic first?
A) CH3NH2 < CH3OH < CH4 C) CH4 < CH3NH2 < CH3OH
B) CH3OH < CH3NH2 < CH4 D) CH4 < CH3OH < CH3NH2
21. Consider the following molecule with protons labeled, I-III. Rank these protons in
order of decreasing acidity, putting the most acidic first.
22. Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, putting the least acidic
first.
A) III<I<IV<II C) II<I<IV<III
B) III<IV<I<II D) III<I<II<IV
23. Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, putting the least acidic
first.
A) I<IV<III<II C) II<III<IV<I
B) I<III<IV<II D) II<IV<III<I
Page 3
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
24. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity, putting the most
acidic first.
A) IV>II>III>I C) I>II>IV>III
B) III>II>IV>I D) III>IV>II>I
25. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity, putting the most
acidic first.
A) IV>II>III>I C) III>IV>II>I
B) IV>III>II>I D) III>IV>I>II
26. Rank the following conjugate bases in order of increasing basicity, putting the
least basic first.
27. Rank the following conjugate bases in order of decreasing basicity, putting the
most basic first.
Page 4
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
29. What is the direction of equilibrium when acetylene (C2H2) reacts with H2N- in an
acid-base reaction?
30. What is the direction of equilibrium when acetylene (C2H2) reacts with ethoxide
(CH3CH2O-) in an acid-base reaction?
31. Which of the following statements explain why H2O is a stronger acid than CH4?
A) H2O can form hydrogen bonds while CH4 cannot.
B) H2O forms a less stable conjugate base, HO-.
C) CH4 forms a more stable conjugate base, CH3-.
D) H2O forms a more stable conjugate base, HO-.
32. Which of the following statements explain why HBr is a stronger acid than HF?
A) Br- is more stable than F- because Br- is larger than F-.
B) Br- is less stable than F- because Br- is larger than F-.
C) Br- is more stable than F- because Br- is less electronegative than F-.
D) Br- is less stable than F- because Br- is less electronegative than F-.
33. Which of the following compounds has the lowest pKa?
A) H2O B) H2S C) NH3 D) CH4
34. Which of the following concepts can be used to explain the difference in
acidity between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH)?
A) Hybridization B) Electronegativity C) Resonance D) Size
35. Which of the following concepts can be used to explain the difference in
acidity between acetylene (C2H2) and ethylene (C2H4)?
A) Size B) Resonance C) Inductive effect D) Hybridization
36. Which of the following concepts can be used to explain the difference in
acidity between ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and 2-fluoroethanol (FCH2CH2OH)?
A) Size B) Inductive effect C) Resonance D) Hybridization
Page 5
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
37. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity, putting the most
acidic first.
40. Which of the following is a Lewis acid but not a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
A) CH3OH B) H2O C) CH3COOH D) BF3
41. Which of the following species can be both Lewis acid and Lewis base?
CH3-O-CH3
A) Brønsted-Lowry acid and Lewis acid. C) Brønsted-Lowry base.
B) Brønsted-Lowry base and Lewis base. D) Lewis base.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
Page 6
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
A) I B) II C) III D) IV
Page 7
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
Answer Key
1. D
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. C
11. D
12. D
13. C
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. A
18. D
19. B
20. D
21. C
22. B
23. A
24. D
25. B
26. A
27. C
28. C
29. B
30. A
31. D
32. A
33. B
34. C
35. D
36. B
37. D
38. D
39. B
40. D
41. A
42. B
43. B
44. A
Page 8
Chapter 2: Acids and Bases
45. D
46. B
47. A
48. D
Page 9
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
dexterously manipulated the cards. Celia thought they made too much of a
business of the game, for large sums of money changed hands during the
course of the evening; and she could not help noticing the evident
satisfaction of the winners, and the disagreeable expressions of the losers,
although to some of them it seemed a matter of indifference whether they
won or lost. A breathless silence reigned whilst each round was being
played, only to be followed by a noisy passage-at-arms between two or
more of the players as soon as it was over.
Mrs. Friedberg was constantly in trouble, for she was so busily engaged
in gleaning the latest bits of gossip from her friends, that she was not able to
give her undivided attention to the game. On one occasion she revoked, just
when her dearest friend Mrs. Solomon had gone a misere. The lady resented
it, and told her she ought to be more careful, whereupon Mrs. Friedberg’s
ire was aroused, and she began to be personal. An unpleasant quarrel
seemed imminent, until David Salmon threatened to leave the table if they
did not amicably settle the dispute.
Celia looked on in silent disapproval. The constant chink of the money
seemed to get on her nerves, and she found that the play made her fiancé
irritable. She was not sorry when Adeline asked her to sing, and the cards
were thrown down for a time. A general move was made to the drawing-
room, where a number of young people, led by Dinah Friedberg, were
amusing themselves in a somewhat noisy manner.
David took Celia’s arm with an air of proud possession. Her fair and
delicate loveliness formed a striking contrast to the pronounced features and
olive complexions which constituted the predominant type of beauty
present.
Mike Rosen vociferously sounded the gong—not for supper, but in order
to command silence. Then he asked Celia what she was going to sing.
“I will tell you what I should like to hear, and that’s ‘Jerusalem,’ ” he
said. “I heard a man play it on the cornet the other day; it was grand. I went
at once and bought the music for Adeline.”
“He means the ‘Holy City,’ ” explained his wife. “Mike likes anything
with a good swing about it.”
She found the music, which happened to be in the right key, and Lottie
played the accompaniment. Celia considered the song unsuited to a Jewish
audience, but she sang it with appropriate feeling, nevertheless, and no one
appeared to realize that the words were quite contrary to Jewish belief.
They made her sing the last verse over again, some of them lustily joining
in the chorus.
Mike Rosen was delighted. “It quite makes me want to go to Jerusalem,”
he said. “David, give me another brandy and soda on the strength of it.”
“Well, why don’t you join the Zionists?” said Lottie’s husband,
facetiously. “I believe they are on the look-out for people who want to go
there.”
“I do belong to the Zionists,” returned Mike, promptly. “Didn’t I
subscribe fifty pounds to the trust only last week?”
“Did you, indeed? Then I suppose you have already engaged a Pullman-
car to take you to Palestine. When do you start? We will all come and give
you a hearty send-off.”
A general titter of amusement went round the room. Mike chuckled
good-humouredly.
“Ah, that’s a different thing,” he said. “I will gladly pay to send the poor
Yidden[13] there, but as for going myself, I think I would rather wait until
they’ve got the electric light, the telephone, and the ‘tuppeny tube’ before I
go, thank you. There is no Fitzjohn’s Avenue in Jerusalem. I wouldn’t mind
going there on a visit, though. Don’t we say, ‘next year at Jerusalem?’ ”
“We don’t always say what we mean,” answered his wife. “Be quiet,
Mike, Celia is going to give us another song.”
Mr. Rosen obediently remained silent, and Celia proceeded to charm her
audience once more with her full, sweet voice. She sang entirely without
affectation of manner, and the natural ease with which the tuneful notes
issued forth from her slender throat elicited surprise and admiration.
The song concluded, supper was announced. Mike Rosen gave his arm
to Celia, and called her “little Tommy Tucker,” because she had sung for
her supper. He considered that very funny, and felt somewhat aggrieved that
no one else appreciated his wit. With great dignity he took her into the
dining-room, and gave her the place of honour at his right hand.
On her left sat David Salmon, with Dinah Friedberg as his partner. Dinah
had grown into a very stylish girl, with plenty of what her mother called
chein.[14] She had lovely dark eyes, which she used as a kind of battery to
enforce the homage of the opposite sex, and was not averse to boasting of
the conquests she had made. She snubbed David unmercifully, and teased
him with a pertness of manner which put him on his mettle, but she was
very fond of him all the same; and, although she would not have confessed
it, was terribly jealous of his fiancée.
As the meal progressed, her flippancy increased, and she insisted on
drinking his health in champagne. Then when order was called for the Rev.
Isaac Abrahams to say grace, she made a dunce’s-cap out of her serviette,
and stuck it on David’s head. This proceeding quite shocked Celia; but she
found to her surprise that many of the young men followed suit. They were
obliged to cover their heads while grace was being said; and as serviettes
met the needs of the case, they did not trouble to fetch their hats. The Rev.
Mr. Abrahams, who wore a black silk cap, smiled at them indulgently as he
chanted the long Hebrew prayers. He evidently saw no irreverence in
adorning one’s head like a guy in order to praise one’s Maker, although to
Celia’s way of thinking it was little less than an insult to the majesty of
God. The young people, however, seemed to consider it a good joke, for it
created a diversion, and lightened the tedium of the grace.
In talking over the events of the evening on the drive back to Great
Cumberland Place, Celia commented on the incident, and expressed her
disapproval.
David was greatly amused. “What a curious girl you are!” he said. “I
wonder what makes you notice these things? You always seem to be
picking Jewish habits and customs to pieces. You take everything so
seriously, Celia. A little incident like this isn’t worth talking about; it is
such a trifling thing.”
It was indeed a trifling thing, but a straw shows how the wind lays; and
it was just those trifling things which filled Celia with disgust, and ratified
her opinion of the lack of spirituality in modern Judaism.
However, it was of no use to discuss the question with David; he would
not, or could not, understand.
CHAPTER IV
CHAPTER V
CHAPTER VI
CELIA’S AWAKENING
In due course came Sunday. The boys appeared at breakfast in their best
suits, with faces that seemed to have caught the reflection from their patent
leather shoes, for they had received an especial Sunday shine. The little
girls were attired in embroidered silk frocks, with strict injunctions not to
soil them. A sense of best clothes and quiet behaviour pervaded the air;
Woodruffe was enveloped by an atmosphere of Sunday.
Celia was given the option of accompanying the family to church, or of
going for a walk with Enid, who, with her eldest brother, had already
attended the early Communion Service. She chose the former alternative,
partly out of interest, partly because Ralph had been invited to preach, and
she knew that Enid would like to hear him. With the exception of two
weddings at Durlston, she had never attended a church service before, and
hoped she would not shock the congregation by her ignorance of Church
customs. She felt quite uncomfortable when they arrived within hearing of
the deep-toned bells and in sight of the pointed spire. She almost wished
she had not come.
But this feeling was quite dispelled when they came within the precincts
of the sacred edifice, and a strain of organ music fell upon their ears. It was
an air from Mendelssohn’s Elijah—“If with all your hearts,” and because it
was familiar to her, Celia felt less strange.
She could scarcely restrain an exclamation of surprise as they passed
through the swing-doors and up the aisle; she had had no idea that a church
could be so beautiful. The altar, with its brass cross, tall candles, and white
flowers; the richly painted window above it reaching right up to the
wainscoted roof; the ornamental inscriptions on the walls; the brass eagle-
shaped lectern; the elaborately carved altar rails, choir stalls and pulpit;—all
these excited her admiration; and when, a little later, the white-robed
procession of choristers and clergy filed to their places in the chancel, she
considered the scene, as a beautiful picture, complete.
Throughout the service Celia was deeply impressed. The dignity of the
Liturgy, the solemn beauty of the music, and, most of all, the evident
sincerity of the worshippers, moved her strangely. Presently she began to
consider the religion itself. Judaism, as practised in the present day, she had
found impossible. Deism was unsatisfactory. What of the religion from
which she had always been kept aloof? She was not entirely ignorant of the
doctrines of the Christian faith; and from early childhood had cherished the
deepest respect for the Founder of Christianity, just as she had admired all
the great men who have made history. But now it was gradually dawning
upon her that in Christ’s religion she would find that spirituality she had
sought so long in vain. She knew the principles it inculcated: love, charity,
self-sacrifice, peace, and piety—all that conduced to the development of
man’s spiritual nature.
During her week’s stay at Woodruffe she had already discovered that
religion was, to the Wiltons, a practical reality; that it tempered all their
actions; that they were as certain of its truth as they were of life itself. She
found herself wondering if, although she had been taught to the contrary,
Christianity were true after all; and as the service came to a close,
determined to study the subject to the best of her ability.
She would have liked to discuss the subject with Enid, but, although she
could not have explained why, felt shy of introducing the subject.
In the afternoon, however, an opportunity occurred. They were out for a
stroll on the cliffs with Irene and Doris. A fresh breeze was blowing,
covering the waves with foam. Enid found a nook sheltered from the wind;
and the four girls threw themselves down on the long dry grass to rest
awhile.
Far out at sea a small fishing-vessel was battling against the tide, tossed
hither and thither by the force of the wind and waves. Shading their eyes
with their hands, the girls watched it. Celia was of opinion that it was too
frail to weather a storm, should one arise.
“It looks so tiny, and the sea is so vast,” she said meditatively. “I wonder
if any one would miss it if it were to sink?”
“Yes, I think so,” Enid replied. “There is a man in it, and he probably has
a wife and children at home. Just imagine how they would feel if he went
out and never came back!”
Celia gave a little shudder. “The sea is cruel,” she said. “It looks grey
and hungry. Don’t you get tired of being always near it, Enid?”
“No; I love it. It is ever changing; it always seems to have some new tale
to tell. And it isn’t cruel when one remembers the protecting Providence
above.”
“You believe in that protecting Providence above,” said Celia, with a
sigh. “I wish I had the same kind of faith.”
For answer Enid sat up with her elbows resting on her knee.
“Irene,” she said, turning towards her small sister, “say that little passage
about the sea which Ralph taught you this morning.”
The child thought a minute, and then recited in a clear voice—
“ ‘They that go down to the sea in ships: and occupy their business in great waters:
These men see the works of the Lord: and His wonders in the deep.
For at His word the stormy wind ariseth: which lifteth up the waves thereof.
They are carried up to the heaven: and down again to the
deep: their soul melteth away because of the trouble.
They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man: and are at their wits’ end.
So when they cry unto the Lord in their trouble: He delivereth them out of their distress.
For He maketh the storm to cease: so that the waves thereof are still.
Then are they glad, because they are at rest: and so He bringeth them unto the haven
where they would be.’ ”
“What beautiful poetry!” exclaimed the girl, who had listened with
interest. “Who is the author of it?”
“Don’t you know?” answered Enid, with surprise. “It was written by one
of your own people: it is an extract from the Book of Psalms.”
“Psalm one hundred and seven,” put in Irene, who liked to be exact.
“I am dreadfully ignorant of the Bible,” said Celia, half ashamed to
make such a confession. “I know my Shakespeare twice as well. The Bible
is not much read amongst Jewish people, except in Hebrew, which most of
them can barely translate.”
“How strange!” Enid rejoined. “Why, if I were a Jewess, I should claim
it as my special heritage. Do you know, I have sometimes wished I were a
Jewess. It must be so inspiring to think that you belong to the same race as
the holy men of old—the patriarchs, the prophets, and the apostles.”
Celia looked doubtful. “I don’t think you would like to give up your
Christianity for Judaism,” she said.
“No, of course not. But if I were a Jewess, I should be a Christian too. I
can scarcely conceive of a religion that excludes Christ.”
“That is because you have been brought up to it,” Celia replied. “I wish I
possessed your faith.” She paused to pluck a little field-flower, and
continued a trifle nervously. “If I could be convinced of Christ’s Divinity, I
think I should become a Christian. I feel the need of a pure spiritual faith;
and Judaism does not satisfy me. I’ve been thinking about it a good deal
lately.”
“Have you really?”
Enid’s face lit up with eagerness. She had often wished that her friend
followed the same creed as herself; but being aware how prejudiced most
Jewish people were against Christianity when applied to themselves, had
hitherto refrained from touching on the subject.
“You must have a talk with Ralph,” she said. “He will be able to explain
all you wish to know so much better than I can. I am sure he will be able to
convince you of the truth.”
Such was indeed the case. Celia introduced the subject at the first
opportunity, and the Rev. Ralph, being greatly interested, did his utmost to
enlighten her. She proved an apt and intelligent pupil, and, although
inclined to be shy at first, soon unbent under the influence of his tactful
kindliness, so that it was not long before he was aware of the exact nature
of her ideas. Although she had scarcely been conscious of it, the spark of
faith had been kindled in her soul long years before; and it only needed this
encouragement to make it develop into a pure and steady flame.
Her teacher wished her to approach the subject so far as was possible
from the Jewish standpoint, and to this end advised her to study the New
Testament side by side with the Old. Very carefully he pointed out the
numerous Hebrew prophecies—particularly those of Isaiah,—together with
their marvellous fulfilment in the incidents of the Gospel.
With the light of Christianity thrown upon it, the Old Testament became,
to Celia, a much more interesting and comprehensive book. By degrees she
was able to trace through its pages how wonderfully God had educated the
Israelites of old: giving them at first a narrow and material conception of
Himself—a conception which was not too far above the level of their
understanding,—preparing them by types and shadows for the fuller
manifestation that should afterwards appear; then gradually weaning them
from their crude ideas of His nature and attributes, until, after many
generations had passed, they were, although unworthy, permitted to receive
the sublime teaching of the Incarnation.
She discovered also that each important rite instituted by the Mosaic law
had its counterpart, only with deeper spiritual significance, under the
Christian dispensation; and that Christ’s religion did not oppose Judaism,
but was a fuller, nobler, and grander expansion of the same.
Ralph Wilton was astonished at the fallacious opinions she had held
respecting Christian doctrine, and which she informed him were common to
the majority of Jews.
“It seems to me,” he said on one occasion, “that the Jews will not seek
enlightenment simply because, on account of their foolish prejudice, they
don’t want Christianity to be true;” and Celia was obliged to agree with him
on that point.
“There are none so blind as those who wilfully shut their eyes,”
remarked Enid, who happened to be present. “But do you know what I was
thinking, Ralph? That Celia’s friends will consider it rather mean of us to
have won her over to our religion. I can just imagine, for instance, what
Mrs. Friedberg will say.”
“Yes, I am afraid that Miss Franks will have some unpleasantness to
face,” returned her brother, regretfully. “But that cannot be helped. If we
owed a duty to her friends, we owe a still higher duty to our Master. I know
that in certain quarters it is regarded as ‘bad taste’ to interfere with the
religion in which a person happens to be born; but I could not possibly have
withheld from our friend the instruction she so eagerly sought.”
“Please do not dream of reproaching yourself,” said Celia, earnestly,
turning towards the vicar with a bright smile. “I can never be sufficiently
grateful to you for your kindness, and I shall thank God every day of my
life for this visit to Woodruffe. As for what my friends will say—that does
not trouble me in the least. My greatest friend, Lady Marjorie Stonor, is
herself a Christian, so that she cannot possibly blame me for my change of
faith.”
“But your brother and Mr. Salmon?” put in Enid, with hesitation. “Don’t
you think they will receive the news with anger?”
“Herbert will not; he is too sensible,” replied the girl, readily. “But about
David I cannot say. However, I trust he will take it in the right light. I really
cannot see that my religion need make any difference to him.”
But Enid was not so sanguine; she knew that David Salmon possessed a
lofty contempt for everything pertaining to matters spiritual.
“I hope he will be nice about it,” she said doubtfully. “But—I can’t help
wishing that you were going to marry a Christian, Celia dear.”
And in his heart her brother re-echoed her wish.
CHAPTER VII
WHITE HEATHER