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  • 12 - JEE - Maths - Quadratic Equation - Position of Roots of A Quadratic Equation

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    Prateek Jain
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    12_JEE_Maths_Quadratic Equation_Position of roots of a quadratic equation

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    12 - JEE - Maths - Quadratic Equation - Position of Roots of A Quadratic Equation

    Uploaded by

    Prateek Jain

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 3

    Position of Roots of a Quadratic Equation.

    Let f (x )  ax 2  bx  c , where a, b, c  R be a quadratic expression and k , k 1 , k 2 be real numbers


    such that k 1  k 2 . Let ,  be the roots of the equation f ( x )  0 i.e. ax 2  bx  c  0 . Then
    b  D b  D
     ,   where D is the discriminant of the equation.
    2a 2a

    (1) Condition for a number k (If both the roots of f(x) = 0 are less than k)

    a> 0 (–b/2a, –D/4a)


    f(k)
    k
    –b/2a  –b/2a  x-axis
      k x-axis
    f(k)
    a< 0
    (–b/2a, –D/4a)

    (i) D  0 (roots may be equal) (ii) a f (k )  0 (iii) k  b / 2 a


    , where   
    (2) Condition for a number k (If both the roots of f(x) = 0 are greater than k)

    a> 0 (–b/2a, –D/4a)


    f(k)
    k
    –b/2a  –b/2a  x-axis
    k   x-axis
    f(k)
    a< 0
    (–b/2a, –D/4a)

    (i) D  0 (roots may be equal) (ii) a f (k )  0 (iii) k  b / 2a


    , where   

    a> 0 (–b/2a, –D/4a)

    k
       k  x-axis
    x-axis
    (3) Condition for a number k (If k lies between the roots of f(x) = 0)

    (i) D  0 (ii) a f (k )  0 , where   

    (4) Condition for numbers k1 and k2 (If exactly one root of f(x) = 0 lies in the interval (k1,
    k2))

    a> 0 k1 f(k2)
    f(k1)
    x axis  (k ) 
    2

    f(k1)
    k1  f(k2) (k2)  x-axis
    a< 0

    (i) D  0 (ii) f (k 1 ) f (k 2 )  0 , where    .

    (5) Condition for numbers k1 and k2 (If both roots of f(x) = 0 are confined between k1 and
    k2)
    (–b/2a, –D/4a)

    a> 0
    f(k1) f(k2) k1 k2
     

    k1   k2
    a< 0

    (–b/2a, –D/4a)

    (i) D  0 (roots may be equal) (ii) a f (k 1 )  0 (iii) a f (k 2 )  0


    (iv) k 1  b / 2a  k 2 , where    and k 1  k 2
    (6) Condition for numbers k1 and k2 (If k1 and k2 lie between the roots of f(x) = 0)

    a> 0
     k1 k2  x-axis
    k1 k2
     f(k1) f(k2)  x-axis a< 0
    (i) D  0 (ii) a f (k 1 )  0 (iii) a f (k 2 )  0 ,
    where   

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