CMT2156A Datasheet-EN-V1.3-20210824-L
CMT2156A Datasheet-EN-V1.3-20210824-L
CMT2156A Datasheet-EN-V1.3-20210824-L
CMT2156A
OOK Transmitter Targeting for Micro-energy-harvesting
B
Features SoCApplication
Built-in EEPROM
Self-powered doorbell transmitter
• Easy development through utilizing RFPDK tool
• Fully configurable functions Self-powered pager transmitter
Description
adapt to the 1527 and 2262 encoding formats that are VOUT 2 13 V2
Terminology
negative-positive 0
NP0 XOSC crystal oscillator
with temperature compensation
Table of Contents
1 Electrical Specifications
The test conditions are that V1= 5 V,TOP= 25 °C,FRF = 433.92 MHz, out power being +10 dBm and matching to 50 Ω
impedance, if nothing else stated. All measurement results are obtained using the evaluation board CMT2156A-EM V1.0 if
nothing else stated.
Notes:
[1]. Exceeding the Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the equipment. This value is a pressure
rating and does not imply that the function of the equipment is affected under this pressure condition, but if it is exposed
to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods of time, it may affect equipment reliability.
Caution! ESD sensitive device. Precaution should be used when handling the device in order to
prevent performance degradation or loss of functionality.
[1]. The CMT2156A utilizes external reference clock to directly drive XIN pin through coupling capacitor. The peak-to-peak
value of external clock signal is required between 0.3 and 0.7 V.
[2]. It involves:(1) initial tolerance, (2) crystal loading, (3) aging, and (4) temperature changing. The acceptable crystal
frequency tolerance is subject to the bandwidth of the receiver and the RF tolerance between the receiver and its paired
transmitter.
[3]. The required crystal load capacitor is built in the chip to reduce the amount of external components.
[4]. This parameter is to a large degree crystal dependent.
2 Pin Description
VSW 1 14 V1
VOUT 2 13 V2
LED 3 12 PZP
VDDRF 4 11 PZN
GND 5 10 XTAL
PA 6 9 CLK
KEY 7 8 DATA
3 Typical Performance
Phase Noise Harmonics of 433.92 MHz
20
20 13.6 dBm
-50
3rd Harmonic
13.4dBm @ 433.92 MHz
10 -57 dBm
10 @ 433.92 MHz
@1301.76
-60 MHz
Power (dBm)
0
0 -70
-10
Power (dBm)
Power (dBm)
-10 -80
-20
-90
-20
-30 1301.72 1301.75 1301.78 1301.81
Figure 3. Phase noise, FRF = 433.92 MHz, Figure 2. 433.92 MHz Harmonic output,
POUT = + 13 dBm, RBW = 10 kHz, single carrier
POUT = +13 dBm
10 128 us
0
64 us
0 32 us
16 us
-10
8 us
Power (dBm)
Power (dBm)
-10
4 us
-20
-20
-30 -30
-40
-40
-50
-50
-60
433.17 433.37 433.57 433.77 433.97 434.17 434.37 434.57
432.92 433.12 433.32 433.52 433.72 433.92 434.12 434.32 434.52 434.72 434.92
Frequency (MHz)
Frequency (MHz)
1024 us
14
0 512 us
256 us 12
128 us SR = 1.2 ksps
-10 64 us 10
Power (dBm)
32 us
Power (dBm)
8
-20 13 dBm
6
10 dBm
-30 4 0 dBm
2
-40
0
-2
-50
1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8
433.17 433.37 433.57 433.77 433.97 434.17 434.37 434.57
Frequency (MHz) Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 6. PA Ramping frequency spectrum, Figure 7. Output power vs. supply voltage,
4 Typical Application
Z1
VDD CMT2156A
R2 L0
1 14 CT1
+
VSW V5P S
2 VOUT 13 CT2
+
V5N N
C7 C6 C5 D1 R1 3 12
ANT LED PZP VDD J1
L1 LED 4 11 1
VDD VDDRF U1 PZN CLK
5 10 2
C1 GND XTAL DATA
L4 L3 L2 9 3
6
PA CLK X1 4
7 8
C4 C3 C2 KEY DATA
S0
注:连接器J1用于USB Programmer
Note: connector J1 is used by USB programmer
Application considerations:
1. During developing and production, J1 connector is required for EEPROM programming.
Make as many ground vias as possible (especially on the area near GND pin) to reduce the series parasitic
inductance between GND pin and ground plane.
Try to place C5, C6, C7 close to the CMT2156A chip to get better filtering performance.
Try to place crystal X1 near the chip. Make metal casings ground and place them far away from RF output signal and
digital signal.
Component Value
Label Description Unit Supplier
315 MHz 434 MHz 868 MHz 915 MHz
CMT2156A,OOK encoding
based transmitter with
U1 - - CMOSTEK
micro-energy-harvesting
function
R2 ±10%, 0402/0603 27 Ω --
Component Value
Label Description Unit Supplier
315 MHz 434 MHz 868 MHz 915 MHz
Murata
C1 ±5%, 0402 NP0, 50 V 30 30 8.2 8.2 uF
GRM15
Murata
C2 ±5%, 0402 NP0, 50 V 8.2 12 5.6 3.9 pF
GRM15
Murata
C3 ±5%, 0402 NP0, 50 V 8.2 10 -- -- pF
GRM15
Murata
C4 ±5%, 0402 NP0, 50 V -- -- -- -- pF
GRM15
Murata
C5 ±20%, 0603 X7R, 25 V 1 uF
GRM15
Murata
C6 ±20%, 0603 X7R, 25 V 0.1 uF
GRM15
Murata
C7 ±20%, 0603 X7R, 25 V -- uF
GRM15
L0 10 uH
±5%, 0603 multilayer chip Murata
L1 220 180 100 100 nH
inductor LQG18
±5%, 0603 multilayer chip Murata
L2 68 18 6.8 5.6 nH
inductor LQG18
±5%, 0603 multilayer chip Murata
L3 47 10 10pF 8.2 nH
inductor LQG18
±5%, 0603 multilayer chip Murata
L4 56 220pF 220pF 220pF nH
inductor LQG18
Z1 voltage regulation diode 5.1 V
S0 Button - - -
5 Function Description
V2 V1
PZP VSW
DC-DC
AC-DC
Buck Control
PZN VOUT
OCP Logic
OVP Control
VDDRF
LDOs POR Bandgap LED Driver LED
GND
XOSC
VCO
XTAL Loop
PFD/CP PA RFO
Filter
Frac-N DIV
Ramp
KEY Encoder Modulator EEPROM
Control
DATA
Interface and Digital Logic
CLK
Figure 9. Functional Block Diagram
The CMT2156A is a highly flexible, high-performance OOK based RF transmitter with encoder function, integrated with kinetic
energy harvesting function, suitable for 240 - 480 MHz wireless transmission applications. It is a part of CMOSTEK NextGenRFTM
series product, which is a complete product line including transmitters, receivers, and transceivers. Built in with the 527 and 1527
encodings that are commonly used in market, the CMT2156A becomes an ideal replacement of chip encoder solutions like xx527,
xx1527 and xx2240. With its high-density and low-power design, the chip fits well in kinetic energy powered battery-free wireless
transmission applications.
As shown in the above function block diagram in Figure 9, the RF frequency is directly synthesized through a fully integrated
low-noise fractional frequency synthesizer in the CMT2156A. A single-pin crystal oscillator circuit is used to reduce the number of
external components with the load capacitor required for crystal oscillation integrated inside the chip. Upon each power-on reset
(POR), the analog module inside the chip is calibrated adapting to an internal reference voltage source. Such calibration can
make the chip work better under different thermometer voltages. The data transmission is triggered by a button action. The
transmitted data is modulated and transmitted through a high-efficiency power amplifier with its transmission power supporting
set value between -10 to +13 dBm in 1dB step. Users can program frequency, output power and other product parameters into
the built-in EEPROM of the chip through USB Programmer and RFPDK, which can simplify development and production much
thus reducing cost efficiently. Besides, during production, to save the production programming work, users can directly use
inventory, which adopts default parameters such as 433.92 MHz,.
The CMT2156A is built in with a micro-energy-harvesting component, which can directly connect with various micro-energy
power generation devices or materials, such as mechanical/kinetic energy generators, deformation plates, piezoelectric ceramics.
The chip can fulfill AC-to-DC conversion, as well as perform high-efficiency DC voltage regulation, which outputs DC to the
on-chip encoder for high-frequency transmission, thus achieving battery-free and power-free transmitter product design.
The CMT2156A supports OOK modulation with data rate up to 40 ksps (OOK) and a continuous frequency covering in 240 - 480
MHz range, including free ISM frequency ranges near 315 MHz and 433.92 MHz. The chip integrates a high-frequency spectral
purity and low-power fractional frequency synthesizer with output signal frequency accuracy better than 198 Hz. The supported
modulations, frequency range and data rates are listed in the below table.
RFPDK (RF Products Development Kit) is a user-friendly software providing visualized configuration operation of CMT2156A.
Users only need to input or select proper value of each parameter then click Burn to complete overall CMT2156A chip
configuration with no need for direct register access or control. The EEPROM access method is shown in the figure below.
CMT2156A
RFPDK
EEPROM
CLK
CMOSTEK USB
Interface DATA Programmer
The CMT2156A integrates a high-efficiency single-ended power amplifier supporting configuration from -10 to 13 dBm in 1 dB
step. Users can have configuration on RFPDK and program the configuration to chip EEPROM through RFPDK. Please refer to
Typical Application Schematic in Section 3 for the power amplifier matching reference details.
5.5 Ramping
When a PA is quickly turned on or off, the varying input impedance will instantly interfere with the VCO's output frequency. This
phenomenon is called frequency traction, which causes spectral spurs in the output spectrum around the desired carrier
frequency. By gradually ramping the on and off of power amplifier, it can minimize the transient pulse of the power amplifier,
namely reduce frequency traction. The PA built in CMT2156A supports configuration options of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256,
512 and 1024 us, as shown in Figure 11. When the option 0 is selected, the PA output power will increase to its set value as
quickly as possible. The ramp-down time is the same as the corresponding ramp-up time.
CMOSTEK suggests that the maximum symbol rate should be not more than half of PA ramping rate as shown in the below
formula.
1
SRMax ≤ 0.5 * ( )
tRAMP
In above, PA ramping rate is 1/tRAMP, namely the PA ramping time can be calculated from a given maximum symbol rate as shown
in the below formula.
1
tRAMP ≤ 0.5 * ( )
SRMAX
Users can select a proper option value of tRAMP in the option list mentioned above. If tRAMP is somehow configured as more than
0.5*(1/SRMax), it may bring extra challenge to OOK demodulation in Rx device.
RFO Amplitude
0 us
1 us
2 us
4 us
8 us
512 us
1024 us
Time
Data
Logic 1 Logic 0
Time
CMT2156A supports 4 operating states including sleep, oscillation starting, tuning and Tx. When no transmission is performed,
the system stays in the sleep state.
In button triggered Tx mode, when a button is pressed, the system will follow the state transition as sleep -> oscillation
starting -> tuning -> Tx. When Tx is completed, the system returns to the sleep state.
In the periodic Tx mode, the device will wake up from the sleep state periodically, then follow the same sequence, namely
perform transmission then return to the sleep state.
Sleep state
When the CMT2156A is in this state, all internal modules are off with a minimum current consumption of 20 nA.
Oscillation starting
Once the CMT2156A detects valid button press or periodic Tx counter value being reached, it will enter oscillation starting state
and the crystal oscillator circuit starts to operate. TXTAL is the settling time for oscillation, which is largely related to crystal itself.
The typical values of tXTAL are listed in Table 9.
Tuning state
Frequency synthesizer will tune the frequency of the CMT2156A to a required frequency in tTUNE time. PA is opened to transmit
the data generated by embedded encoder only when frequency tuning is completed.
Tx state
In this state, the CMT2156A performs modulation and data transmission. The data packet is generated by the embedded
encoder. Data packet content depends on the selected encoder, button mode and which key is pressed.
5.7 Encoder
The encoder supports 3 encoding formats, 1920, 1527 and 2262. The 3 formats have different structures as discussed in below
sections. The main difference among the 3 formats are listed in the below table.
The below sections provide brief information only. For content in below, some elements in data packet are measured in symbol
unit, some other ones are measured in bit unit. As for the ones in bit unit, it is composed of a number of symbol codes. In the
below figures, SYM represents symbol.
A 1920 packet includes 16 Preambles, a Head with 32 symbol, a sync ID, a configurable Data field and then CRC with 8 symbols
as shown in the below figure.
Bit format:
In 1920 encoding format, one bit can consist 3,4,5 or 6 symbols (namely codes). Users can select required bit format parameter
value on RFPDK. Please be noted that only Sync ID field and D0、D1、D2、D3、D4、D5、D6 are defined based on bit.
Notes:
[1]. In typical 1527 encoding chip, T CLK is 8 on-chip RC-OSC clock cycles and 1 symbol (SYM) is defined as 4 T CLK. In 1527
encoding, 1 bit is composed of 4 symbols, namely 16 TCLK. However, on RFPDK for CMT2156A, the rate is configured in
SYM unit, which is different from the TCLK based rate in typical 1527 encoding chip.
According to typical 1527 data format structure, it includes Synch with 20 symbols, Synch Id address with 20 bits and Data with 4
bits.
Bit Format:
In 1527 encoding format, a bit is fixed to consist of 4 symbols as shown in the below figure. Please be noted that, Sync ID and D0,
D1,D2,D3 are all defined in bit unit.
Bit 1 Bit 0
The standard 2262 data packet includes Address with 8 -11 bits, Data with 1 - 4 bits and Sync with 32 symbols as shown in the
below figure.
Bit Format:
In 2262 encoding format, a single bit consists of 8 symbols as shown in the below figure. Please be noted that Sync ID and Data
are defined in bit.
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit f
It supports configurations of enabling/disabling LED pin and current driving capability. When LED pin is configured enabled, LED
light turns on upon data transmission and keeps on until Tx ends.
6 Ordering Information
Table 13. CMT2156A Ordering Information
Operating Minimum
Model Description Packaging Package
Condition Order Quantity
OOK based transmitter for
CMT2156A-ESR[1] SOP14 Tape and Reel -40 to 85 ℃ 2,500 pcs
micro-energy-harvesting
Notes:
[1]. E refers to extended Industrial product rating, which supports temperature range from -40 to +85 °C.
[2]. S refers to the package type SOP14.
[3]. R refers to tape and reel type, and the minimum ordering quantity (MOQ) is 2,500 pieces.
Please contact [email protected] your local sales representative for sales or pricing requirements.
7 Packaging Information
The packaging information of the CMT2156Ais shown in the below figure.
h
A3
A2 A 0.25
c
A1 θ L
L1
E1 E
b e
8 Top Marking
CMT 2 1 5 6 A
Y Y W W ①②③ ④ ⑤ ⑥
YYWW is the date code assigned by the package factory. YY is the last 2 digits of the year. WW is
Line 2 Marking the working week. ①②③④⑤⑥ is internal tracing code.
9 Revise History
Table 16. Revise History Records
Version No. Chapter Description Date
0.8 All Initial version 2020-02-28
Section 4: change typical application schematic diagram and BOM
0.9 4 2020-03-27
table
1.0 4 Section 4: change typical application schematic diagram 2020-03-30
1.1 4 Table 7, change the values of CT1, CT2 2020-05-15
1.2 4 Table 7, change the value of R2. 2020-09-07
Change to 1 button
1.3 All 2021-08-24
Remove related documents information
10 Contacts
CMOSTEK Microelectronics Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Branch
Address: 30th floor of 8th Building, C Zone, Vanke Cloud City, Xili Sub-district, Nanshan, Shenzhen, GD, P.R. Chinaa
Tel: +86-755-83231427
Post Code: 518055
Sales: [email protected]
Supports: [email protected]
Website: www.cmostek.com
The information furnished by CMOSTEK is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for
inaccuracies and specifications within this document are subject to change without notice. The material contained herein is
the exclusive property of CMOSTEK and shall not be distributed, reproduced, or disclosed in whole or in part without prior
written permission of CMOSTEK. CMOSTEK products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support
devices or systems without express written approval of CMOSTEK. The CMOSTEK logo is a registered trademark of
CMOSTEK Microelectronics Co., Ltd. All other names are the property of their respective owners.