Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 STS CP1
1 STS CP1
gl/CDdNdNTuM5DZ8M2e9
COURSE PACK 1
Historical antecedents in which social
considerations changed the course of science
and technology
- Discuss how scientific and technological developments affect society and the
environment
CONTENT
- CHAPTER 1
Historical antecedents in which social considerations changed the course of science and
technology
a. In the World: Ancient, Middle and Modern Ages
b. In the Philippines
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS
a. Wheels
b. Guns/Gunpowder
c. Electricity
d. Clock
e. Telephone
3. Select 10 inventions from the list which you think are in the list of “WORLD’S GREATEST
INVENTIONS”?
WHEEL NUCLEAR BOMB WIND MILL TEXTILE
CAMERA ENGINES
PRESENTATION
1. Steam Engine
Inventor: James Watt
Although the first version of a steam engine dates back
to 3rd century AD, it was not until the turn of the 19th
century and the advent of the Industrial Age that a
modern form of the internal combustion engine came
into existence. It took decades of designing, the
blueprints of which were made by James Watt, to
create the mechanism where combustion of a
fuel releases a high-temperature gas and as it expandsit
thereby applies pressure to a piston and moves it. This
phenomenal invention played a pivotal role in invention
of other machinery such as automobiles and airplanes
that changed the face of the planet we live in.
2. Wheel
Inventor: Unknown
The idea of a symmetrical component moving in circular motion on an axis
has existed in ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and Europe separately in
different time periods. Thus, it cannot be ascertained by whom and where
the wheel emerged first, but this great invention appeared in 3500 BC and
has grown to become one of mankind’s most important inventions ever. It has been used to facilitate
farming and transportation and discover other great
inventions from clocks to vehicles.
3. Printing Press
Inventor: Johannes Gutenberg
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1450 AD
borrowing heavily from Chinese assets and applying them to a
sophisticated machine. It wasn’t until the 19th century that
iron materials replaced wooden materials to speed up the process of
printing. The cultural and industrial revolution in Europe would not
have been possible if it wasn’t for the rapidity with which printing
press allowed documents, books and newspapers to be disseminated to a much wider audience in
Europe. These documents included the Bible and other important texts that allowed people to
start questioning and reasoning by reading for themselves. By 1500, twenty million had been
printed in Western Europe.
4. Computer
Inventor: Charles Babbage
The principal of the modern computer was first
mentioned by Alan Turing and later the
first mechanical computer was invented in early
19th century. This invention has
indeed accomplished amazing things in more areas
of life than we realize. It has helped
high performance military aircrafts to fly, put a
spaceship into orbit, control medical
equipment, create visual imagery, store vast
amounts of information and allowed the
functioning of car, phones and power plants.
5. Internet
Inventor: Vinton Cerf
The internet was first developed in 1973 by
Vinton Cerf backed by the US Department
of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA). Its initial use was to provide a network
of communication within research labs and
universities within United States and expanded
overtime. This invention (along with the World
Wide Web) has been the foremost revolutionary
invention of the 20th century. In 1996, more
than 25 million computers were connected
through the internet across 180 countries.
7. Television
Inventor: Vladimir K. Zworykin and Philo
Farnsworth
Although the invention of the television cannot
be attributed to one person, it is largely believed
that the invention of the modern television was
the work of two people: Vladimir Kosma Zworykin
(1923) and Philo Farnsworth (1927). The
television was also one of the greatest inventions
which has been evolved from mechanical to
electronic to colour to digital to smart and now
3D versions. People typically spend around 4-8
hours watching TV per day and it has drastically impacted family and social life.
8. Light Bulb
standard antibiotic for infections. It was one of the most famous discoveries made in the field of
medicine.
10. Telephone
Inventor: Alexander Graham Bell
In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell joined two cups with
a thread at the bottom of both ends and used it to
talk from one end and listen from the other. This laid
the foundation work for another revolutionary
invention that is today the attachment that we all
carry in our hands or pockets. The telephone which
later also developed as a mobile phone has had life
saving impact on mankind especially in the field of
business and communication. The extension
of audible speech from within one room and across
the world is a work unrivaled till today.
b. In the Philippines
If internet is available you can visit these video links to answer the questions in the PRACTICE
section or you may consider visiting other sites.
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8WP5R1h7pQ)
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXQb-F5mrIU)
with ordinary oil products through agitation and mixing, which is a very safe process.
PERFORMANCE
Group presentation.