Biological Science Review

Grade 9
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE REVIEW

Mid-semester 1 exam
HOMEOSTASIS & BLOOD SOLUTES

Q.1 The process for balancing internal conditions inside an organism is called
a) Digestion
b) Homeostasis
c) Excretion.
d) Circulation
Q.2 In our bodies, two groups of specialized cells assist homeostasis are
a) Sensors and effectors

b) Hormones and nervous system
c) Brain and kidney.
d) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Q.3 In balancing gases exchange, when organisms respire (inhale), oxygen and food are the environmental
principle
a) Inputs
b) Outputs
c) Consumption requirement.
d) Selective reabsorption
Q.4 Refer to the following figure, and identify what is it?
a) Stomata
b) Leaf’s skin
c) Lungs.
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Q.5 Blue invertebrates, such as some snails and crabs, use haemocyanin. This is a protein which contains
a) Copper bases as a result of blue blood color

b) Iron which cause blue color of blood
c) Chlorophyll pigment
d) None of the above
Q.6 Haemoglobin, the protein consists of four subunits, which contain
a) Iron to cause blood has red color

b) Copper to cause blood has red color
c) Urine that cause red blood color
d) Product form respiratory system
Q.7 The cell membrane that allow some materials throughout the body of organisms is called
a) Semi-permeable membranes
b) Skin membranes
c) Pelvis membranes
d) Cell membranes
Q.8 The roles of the excretory system is to remove wastes from our body system, they are
a) Stomach, heart and intestines

b) Lungs, skin and kidneys
c) Kidney, heart and brain
d) Skin, liver and stomach
Q.9 The skin of some people can smell of garlic or cigarettes. This is due to
a) Too much water intake
b) Too much sugar intake
c) Too much salty food
d) Ammonia produced by the breakdown of protein
Q.10 Each kidney contains about
a) Five thousands nephrons

b) A million nephrons.
c) Five million nephrons
d) Hundreds of million nephrons.
Q.11 Name the structures in the kidneys that produce urine
a) Medulla
b) Cortex
c) Nephrons
d) Pelvis
Q.12 ADH and aldosterone are produced to regulate
a) The blood solute and blood pressure.

b) And will be detected by brain, heart and occur in kidneys.
c) Both a and b are correct
Q.13 Which organisms would not have endocrine glands that produce hormone to coordinate body activities?
They must be:
a) Plants
b) Bacteria
c) Animal
d) Human
Q.14 Which endocrine gland is produce thyroxine?
a) Pancreas
b) Pituitary
c) Thyroid
d) Adrenal
Q.15 Which hormone is used for stimulating the thyroid to make thyroxine?
a) Anti diuretic hormone (ADH)

b) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH
c) Aldosterone.
d) Estrogen
Q.16 List the organs that make up the excretory systems. Indicate which waste products is removed by each
organs that you have list
Q.17 Define the following terms
a) Homeostasis:
b) Osmosis:
c) Diffusion:
d) Hormone:
Q.18 Below is the figure of a nephron. Label the structure and state the function of the Bowman’s capsule and
loop of Helen
Q.19 Processes in the nephron of kidneys occur in four stages. What are they?
Q.20 Why do you think urea, water and dissolved gases can diffuse across cell membrane but other substances
such as protein, vitamin cannot? Explain.
Q.21 Which is the best definition of homeostasis?
a) Organisms control their internal conditions around a ‘set point’.

b) In some mammals, internal temperatures are kept at 37°C all year.
c) The physiology of traditional Japanese skin divers changes to adapt with regular breath holding.
d) Systems working together to coordinate multicellular organisms.
HORMONE & NERVOUS SYSTEM
Q.1 Where are hormones produced in animal and plants? And what is the function of thyroxine
Q.2 List the two systems involved with coordinating responses around the body
Q.3 What is the role of hormones within an organism?
Q.4 What are endocrine system and its function?
Q.5 List two advantages of coordinating an organism using hormones.
Q.6 What is nervous system short answer?
Q.7 What is the function of the nervous system?

Q.8 Compare and contrast the endocrine and nervous systems.
Q.9 Which system of coordination do you think is the most effective: the endocrine system or the nervous
system? Give reasons for your point of view.
Q.10 Refer to the diagram below is a detailed view of a synapse.
a. What is a synapse?
b. What is the function of mitochondria?
c. Write a chemical equation of the cell respiration that takes place in the mitochondria?
d. State the function of a neurotransmitter during the movement of signals between neurons
Q.11 Communication across the synapse:
a) can occur in both directions

b) requires neurotransmitters to fit receptors
c) involves osmosis by a neurotransmitter
Q.12 Which one of the following statements about neurons is not true?
a) Neurons pass messages along their length with an electrical charge.

b) Messages can only pass along a neuron in one direction
c) A message moves along a single neuron from axon to dendrite.
d) Messages pass between neurons using chemicals.
Q.13 The tiny gap between each neuron is called:
a) a stimulus
b) a synapse
c) a receptor
d) an effector
BODY DEFENSE
Q.1 List the ways that exposure to high energy radiation can affect the body
Q.2 List four ways in which your body resist invasion from microbes
Q.3 What are memory cells?
Q.4 How do macrophages destroy bacteria or virus during phagocytosis?
Q.5 If you cut your arm, after a while the skin goes red around the cut. Explain what is likely to be happening
and how this assists in the healing process.
Q.6 Explain how washing your hand can protect you from disease.
Q.7 How does vaccination control the spread of disease?
Q.8 The skin, gastric juice and mucous membrane are called the body’s first line of defense
a. What does first line of defense mean?
b. How does the first line of defense help prevent infection from pathogen?
c. What happen if pathogen gets pass the first line of defense?
Q.9 What are the advantages of delivering vaccines via nanotechnology?
Q.10 How are the immune cells in the second line of defense different from memory white blood cells in the
third line of defense? How are they similar?
ECOSYSTEM
Q.1 All living things undergo cellular respiration to produce energy, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
Describe this process by using a chemical equation.
Q.2 Make a list of some biotic and abiotic factors that occur within an ecosystem.
Q.3 What is the different between producer and consumers? Give an example for each
Q.4 Why are plants called Autotrophs and animals called Heterotrophs?
Q.5 Describe the relationship between food chain and food web in an ecosystem
Q.6 Refer to the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow
a) How many food chains does it have? List out each food chain in this system
b) Identify the producer, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers
c) What would happen in the ecosystem if lion was removed?
Q.7 Draw a food chain with at least five living things and explain if each is a producer or consumer
(primary, secondary, tertiary, apex predator).
Q.8 Explain how energy flows through a food web.
Q.9 What is meant by a trophic level? In what way is a trophic level different from a niche?
Q.10 Draw an IPO (input, processing, output) diagram for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

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Grade 9

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE REVIEW

HOMEOSTASIS & BLOOD SOLUTES

a) Sensors and effectors

Q.4 Refer to the following figure, and identify what is it?

a) Copper bases as a result of blue blood color

Q.6 Haemoglobin, the protein consists of four subunits, which contain

a) Iron to cause blood has red color

a) Stomach, heart and intestines

Q.10 Each kidney contains about

a) Five thousands nephrons

Q.11 Name the structures in the kidneys that produce urine

a) The blood solute and blood pressure.

Q.14 Which endocrine gland is produce thyroxine?

a) Anti diuretic hormone (ADH)

Q.17 Define the following terms

Q.21 Which is the best definition of homeostasis?

a) Organisms control their internal conditions around a ‘set point’.

Q.3 What is the role of hormones within an organism?

Q.4 What are endocrine system and its function?

Q.5 List two advantages of coordinating an organism using hormones.

Q.6 What is nervous system short answer?

Q.7 What is the function of the nervous system?

Q.10 Refer to the diagram below is a detailed view of a synapse.

b. What is the function of mitochondria?

a) can occur in both directions

a) Neurons pass messages along their length with an electrical charge.

Q.13 The tiny gap between each neuron is called:

Q.3 What are memory cells?

Q.4 How do macrophages destroy bacteria or virus during phagocytosis?

Q.7 How does vaccination control the spread of disease?

a. What does first line of defense mean?

c. What happen if pathogen gets pass the first line of defense?

Q.9 What are the advantages of delivering vaccines via nanotechnology?

b) Identify the producer, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers

c) What would happen in the ecosystem if lion was removed?

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