Logic Report
Logic Report
There are two kinds of conversion. It may be simple or accidental. The former is one
in which the subject and the predicate terms are interchanged preserving, though, the
quantity of either, while the latter, the quantity ofeither predicate and subject terms is
lessened.
Example: For simple conversion
No horse is a dog - convertend
No dog is a horse - converse
Some students are good athletes.
Some good athletes are students.
For accidental conversion
All physicians are professionals.
Some professionals are physicians.
Note: Rules for conversion are also applied to A, E, I,
propositions to wit:
A = accidental conversion (AE)
E = simple or accidental conversion (E E, E O)
I = simple conversion (II)
O = no conversion Reason: violation of Rule 3
Obversion
Obversion (equipollence, permutation or infinitum) is a process of immediate
inference whereby an affirmative proposition is stated negatively and a negative
proposition may be stated affirmatively. Its purpose is to take an original proposition
and by the addition or subtraction of one or two negations to make second proposition
which is equivalent in meaning to that of the first (Timbreza, 1999). It is the re-
expression of proposition by retaining the second subject and its quantity, while
changing the quality the proposition and changing the predicate to its contradictory
(Reyes, 1988). Simply, in obversion, the first statement cannot deny thing. The first
statement is called obvertend, while the second, obverse.