Business Math PPT April 30 2024
Business Math PPT April 30 2024
1. Line Graph
2. Bar graph
3. Histogram
4. Pie Graph
5. Pictograph
Types of Charts or Graphs:
1. Line chart/graph – uses line segments to connect data
points. It is useful in showing the trends or in determining
relationships between two variables plotted along the X-
axis (horizontal line) is related to time (year, month, day,
clock time).
2. Bar chart/graph – uses rectangles erected on the
horizontal axis to summarize a set of quantitative data.
Several bars can be created to compare different quantity
of data. Here, the height of the bar represents the
measured value or frequency; that is, the higher or taller
bar, the greater value.
3. Histogram is a graphical representation of the frequency
distribution. It is a representation of the frequency
distribution. It is a representation of tabulated
frequencies (Y-axis) using adjacent erected rectangles with
their corresponding class intervals (X-axis). The
rectangles are of equal width since the class mark is
used to represent the class intervals.
4. Pie Chart is also called a circle graph. It is a circle with
the wedges or sectors to show how much of the whole
each part makes up. Each slice of the pie is written as a
percentage. To get the measure of each sector in the
chart, we compute for the following:
=Amount of an item/total amount of all items x 360 degrees
5. Pictograph uses pictures or symbols to
represent quantitative data. Each symbol
corresponds to a specific quantity.
Statistical map. A special type of map in which the
variation in quantity of a factor such as rainfall,
population, or crops in a geographic area is
indicated; a dot map is one type.
Ratio Chart is a chart employing the Cartesian coordinate
system in which the points on a curve are determined by
measuring time as the independent variable along one axis
and the logarithms of the values of the corresponding
dependent variables along the other.
A Cartesian coordinate system in
two dimensions (also called a
rectangular coordinate system or
an orthogonal coordinate system)
is defined by an ordered pair of
perpendicular lines (axes), a single
unit of length for both axes, and
an orientation for each axis.
The best way to show the details of a person’s
earnings is through the use of graphs.
Steps to present a person’s salary
graphically:
1.Compute for the percentage of deductions.
2.Compute for the percentage of the net pay.
3.Compare the percentage of deductions and
net pay with the gross earnings representing
100%.
4. Plot using a Pie Chart.
Example: The following is the summary of Joenila’s
earnings for the whole month.
Step 1-3
Gross Earnings P9,150
SSS 340
PhilHealth 100
Pag-ibig 183
Tax 915
Net Earnings P7,612
Example: The following is the summary of Joenila’s
earnings for the whole month.
Step 1-3
Gross Earnings P9,150 (100%)
SSS 340 (4%)
PhilHealth 100 (1%)
Pag-ibig 183 (2%)
Tax 915 (10%)
Net Earnings P7,612 (83%)
Plot using a Pie Chart.
THE TITLE---
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---Prefatory Notes---
---Box Head---
M 15 20 XX
T 20 15 XX
W 10 10 XX
T 15 5 XX
F 10 10 XX
Presentation and Analysis
of Business Data
TABLE NUMBER
Each table must be given a number. Table number helps
in distinguishing one table from other tables. Generally,
tables are numbered according to the order of their
appearance in a chapter. For example, the first table in
the first chapter of a book should be given number 1.1
and the second table of the same chapter be given 1.2
Table Number should be given at its top towards the left
of the table. It may read as first table of the first
chapter and so on.
2. Units: Write the units in parenthesis after the axis label—often this is an
abbreviation.
3. Intervals: Choose intervals that make it easy to read and so the data
occupies the majority of the graph. You can include a break in the axis if
there is a large gap between zero and the data points. Be careful not to
exaggerate the variations in the data if you do this.
PARTS OF THE GRAPH
4. Data: Plot the data points on the graph. You do not normally connect the
dots. Decide whether the origin (0,0) is a valid data point. If the data points
show a correlation you may add a trend line (line of best fit) or a smooth
curve that represents the overall pattern. If it’s linear, this typically can be
added by using a ruler and “eyeballing” it. A trend line is a nice way to
illustrate the basic relationship between the two variables. You may need to
find the equation of the trend line.
5. Title: Choose a title for the graph that uniquely identifies it.
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2017-05-31 2017-06-02 2017-06-04 2017-06-06 2017-06-08 2017-06-10 2017-06-12 2017-06-14 2017-06-16 2017-06-18
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS By: Class D
Sales
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Sales
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36%
5% 6% Ballpen
Bond paper 70 gsm (Short)
Bond paper 70 gsm (Long)
14%
Folder (Short)
Folder (Long)
19%
8% Yellow Paper
26%