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Theoretical Framework
Theoretical Framework
In examining the implementation of R.A. 9003, also known as the Solid Waste
Drawing upon a synthesis of local and foreign theories, this research seeks to analyze
influencing the adoption and execution of waste management policies at the local level.
Grounded in the context of Tandag City's unique institutional landscape and socio-
economic dynamics, this theoretical framework integrates insights from both indigenous
implementation.
Local Theories
(2016), underscores the pivotal role of barangays, the smallest administrative units in
initiatives within their respective communities. They work closely with residents, local
The Bayanihan Spirit Theory by Santos A. (2018) raw from the deeply ingrained cultural
waste management. At its core, the Bayanihan Spirit Theory suggests that by fostering
a sense of unity and collaboration among community members, individuals are more
environmental stewardship.
The Informal Economy Theory Medina M. (2017) focuses on the significant role played
These informal workers often collect, sort, and recycle waste materials, contributing to
the overall waste management ecosystem. This theory suggests that integrating
informal waste pickers into formal waste management systems can lead to enhanced
contributions of informal waste workers, formal waste management efforts can benefit
from their knowledge and experience, leading to more effective and sustainable
practices.
economic, and social aspects. This theory emphasizes various strategies such as waste
reduction, segregation, recycling, composting, and proper disposal, all within the context
of the local community. By integrating these practices, ESWM aims to minimize the
community well-being.
The Decentralization Theory discussed by J. M. Carino (2015) focuses on the transfer
government units (LGUs). In the Philippines, decentralization has granted LGUs like
Tandag City greater autonomy in governance, allowing them to tailor policies and
initiatives to local needs and priorities. This theory examines how decentralization
the crucial role of local leadership in driving change and fostering community
Foreign Theories
recognizes the expertise and knowledge within the community and seeks to empower
solutions that are responsive to the needs and priorities of the local community.
Ostrom (1990), is a tool for examining how institutions govern common pool resources.
IAD framework can be used to analyze the institutional arrangements and collective
and the enforcement mechanisms in place, the IAD framework provides insights into the
responsibility for waste management from municipalities to producers. This means that
producers are held accountable for the end-of-life disposal of their products, both
Developed by Elinor Ostrom and colleagues (2007), this framework emphasizes the
resources).
In the context of waste management, the SES framework examines how human
how new ideas, technologies, and practices spread within societies. It identifies key
factors that influence the adoption and diffusion of innovations, including the
In the context of waste management in Tandag City, this theory can help analyze the
policymakers and practitioners can design more effective strategies for promoting
Local Theories
Caballero, S. B., & Barquilla, R. E. (2016). Barangay Governance and the Solid Waste
Medina, M. (2017). Integrating Informal Waste Pickers into Formal Waste Management
The Case of Tandag City, Surigao del Sur. Philippine Political Science Journal, 36(2),
132-148.
Foreign Theories
Ostrom, E. (1990). Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective
Ostrom, E., Janssen, M. A., & Anderies, J. M. (2007). Going beyond panaceas.