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Collaboration Across
Boundaries for
Social-Ecological
Systems Science
Experiences Around
the World
Edited by
Stephen G. Perz
Collaboration Across Boundaries for
Social-Ecological Systems Science
 Stephen G. Perz
Editor

Collaboration Across
Boundaries for
Social-Ecological
Systems Science
Experiences Around the World
Editor
Stephen G. Perz
Department of Sociology and Criminology
and Law
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL, USA

ISBN 978-3-030-13826-4 ISBN 978-3-030-13827-1 (eBook)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13827-1

Library of Congress Control Number: 2019931931

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2019
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 For those about to cross
For those who salute the strangers
For those who govern for sustainability
 Preface

It was my turn to talk, but this would not be straightforward. I was in

the country of my second language, but not everybody in the group
spoke that language, so I resorted to my third tongue, which more of
the visitors seemed to grasp. I hoped people would be able to follow
along, especially since many were from nonacademic organizations like
governmental agencies and nongovernmental organizations. But even
the academics present weren’t from my discipline, sociology: they were
mostly hydrologists and limnologists. My introduction thus amounted
to a strange proposition for a meeting that at first glance seemed like
an absurd exercise. Why was an academic talking to academics of other
disciplines, people from nonacademic organizations, in another country,
in a language not native to that country in the first place? What was all
this for?
The participants at that meeting had come together to better under-
stand the dynamics of a threatened watershed, especially the part
passing through a series of towns with rapidly changing land use due
to urbanization. The watershed thus constituted a dynamic Social-
Ecological System (SES) experiencing complex changes involving
human settlements with new activities closely tied to terrestrial and

vii
viii   Preface

aquatic ecosystems which have their own interactions. Everybody

around the room had both academic as well as practical reasons to be
present, since the watershed in question was not well-understood, and
because it was experiencing rapid changes of political importance tied to
water quality, flood control, and other concerns. What is more, every-
body around the room knew that they only commanded a small portion
of the issues and expertise that would be necessary to understand and
then address the problems. They needed to talk to each other in order
to improve their collective understanding and thereby clarify the basis
for policies and other actions to better sustain the watershed and the
human populations and ecosystems that depend upon it.
In other words, to adequately respond to the complex interplay of
rapidly changing dynamics in the watershed as an SES, the parties pres-
ent found it necessary to leave the confines of their institutional abodes
and cross boundaries among academic disciplines, organizational types,
and countries of origin in order to collaborate. This case is by no means
unique, for SESs of many kinds around the world are experiencing
rapid changes that are prompting shared concerns among diverse stake-
holders, raising questions for scientists of various disciplines, govern-
ments of many countries, and businesses and communities alike. At
the watersheds meeting, much as at many others with different kinds of
players who seek to collaborate across boundaries, there were very good
reasons to join forces, and thus ample goodwill. The shared concerns
and complementary capacities among the parties present provided the
incentive to reach out; the scientists could produce the data needed by
other stakeholders in order to make informed decisions, notably govern-
ments with regard to policies that would affect other parties, hopefully
for the better.
Be that as it may, significant challenges arise when groups reach
out to each other across boundaries and try to engage to pursue joint
actions. In the case described above, and in many others, stakeholders
seeking to collaborate across boundaries discover that they make con-
trasting assumptions about the SES and its problems, so they adopt
different perspectives about the nature of the issues and how they
should be approached, and consequently reach divergent conclusions
about what should be done. The upshot is often miscommunication,
 Preface   ix

confusion and conflict, which in turn hinder discussion and impede

advances toward joint action. Adequately understanding watersheds
and other social-ecological systems presents challenges, as does improv-
ing their governance and the effectiveness of their management. Beyond
those tasks is the additional obstacle course involving the groundwork
required to manage the travails of crossing boundaries to make the nec-
essary collaboration possible in the first place.
This book takes up issues of engaging in effective practice when cross-
ing boundaries for collaboration, focusing on the specific case of under-
standing SESs in order to improve their governance and management
for sustainability and resilience. We therefore focus on the challenges to
scientific practice from collaboration across boundaries in the conduct
of research on SESs. Our purpose is to better respond to the problems
presented by rapid change in SESs by working in teams of scientists and
other collaborators who are likely to span multiple kinds of divides. This
requires recognition of the challenges of collaboration across bounda-
ries in terms of the need to learn the skills necessary to work in diverse
teams. Those skills come not from the sciences involved in understand-
ing the technical details of SESs, but rather from other disciplines. The
acquisition of skills such as in social learning and teaming will be indis-
pensable if scientists and practitioners are to rise to the challenge of col-
laboration across boundaries for knowledge production and application.
We pursue this agenda by working from what is known about the skills
and practices essential for spanning divides to work as teams, and by
reflecting on concrete experiences to derive specific lessons and thereby
improve future practice in SES science.
Rather than speak from the experience of one person or even one
team, this book recounts the experiences of a suite of teams working on
complex SESs around the world. In the process, the teams crossed not
one but multiple types of boundaries simultaneously. Along the way,
the teams had to learn or find practices to manage the consequent chal-
lenges. In the event, the teams identified and developed a diversity of
strategies to improve their collaborative practice as they spanned divides.
In many cases, teams found their way to practices established in the
applied behavioral science literatures on management and collaboration.
The teams also engaged in highly innovative strategies, often taking
x   Preface

advantage of long-standing relations of trust and happenstance to learn

lessons and improve practice. If direct experience is a hard teacher, the
lessons won are that much more valuable and worth sharing.
This book therefore lets those teams speak with their own voices,
and often those of their partners, to report what they have learned. The
teams were constituted under particular funding programs and thus had
similar mandates, budgets and scientific goals, which permits compar-
isons among their cases. That said, the teams themselves have distinct
histories, and studied a range of different SESs in a diversity of cultural
and political contexts, all of which can affect the efficacy of specific
strategies and practices they can implement to collaborate effectively.
This permits comparative reflections on how team structure and consti-
tution, as well as external circumstances, may affect team performance.
What stands to arise from comparisons of these many experiences
are broader insights about collaboration across boundaries, in terms of
challenges that are shared and those which are more context-­dependent,
strategic practices employed and their effectiveness across cases, and
thus conclusions to be drawn from lessons learned. Our collective intent
in this book is thus to detail challenges, strategies and lessons from
collaboration across boundaries in SES science, in order to make rec-
ommendations and thereby improve future projects in support of sus-
tainability and resilience initiatives. Just as the research projects reported
in what follows permit in-depth understanding of SESs, as examples of
team science that span divides, they also offer a deeper understanding
of collaboration across boundaries that can benefit future partners in
­similar endeavors.

Gainesville, USA Stephen G. Perz

 Contents

1 Introduction: Collaboration Across Boundaries

for Social-Ecological Systems Science 1
Stephen G. Perz

2 Lessons Learned About Collaborating Across Coupled

Natural-Human Systems Research on Mexico’s
Payments for Hydrological Services Program 35
Erin C. Pischke, Z. Carter Berry, Randall K. Kolka,
Jacob Salcone, Diana Córdoba, Xoco Shinbrot,
Sergio Miguel López Ramirez, Kelly W. Jones, Russell G.
Congalton, Robert H. Manson, Juan José Von Thaden Ugalde,
Theresa Selfa, V. Sophie Avila Foucat and Heidi Asbjornsen

3 Adapting to the Challenges of International

and Interdisciplinary Research of Coupled Human
and Natural Systems 79
Sarah Laborde, Sui Chian Phang and Mark Moritz

xi
xii   Contents

4 Collaborative Research Across Boundaries: Mangrove

Ecosystem Services and Poverty Traps as a Coupled
Natural-Human System 115
Emi Uchida, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Sara A. Ates,
Edward Castañeda-Moya, Arthur J. Gold, Todd Guilfoos,
Mario F. Hernandez, Razack Lokina, Mwita M. Mangora,
Stephen R. Midway, Catherine McNally, Michael J. Polito,
Matthew Robertson, Robert V. Rohli, Hirotsugu Uchida,
Lindsey West and Xiaochen Zhao

5 Learning About Forest Futures Under Climate Change

Through Transdisciplinary Collaboration Across
Traditional and Western Knowledge Systems 153
Erica A. H. Smithwick, Christopher Caldwell, Alexander
Klippel, Robert M. Scheller, Nancy Tuana, Rebecca Bliege
Bird, Klaus Keller, Dennis Vickers, Melissa Lucash,
Robert E. Nicholas, Stacey Olson, Kelsey L. Ruckert, Jared
Oyler, Casey Helgeson and Jiawei Huang

6 Sustaining Interdisciplinary Collaboration Across

Continents and Cultures: Lessons from the Mongolian
Rangelands and Resilience Project 185
María E. Fernández-Giménez, Arren Allegretti, Jay Angerer,
Batkhishig Baival, Batbuyan Batjav, Steven Fassnacht,
Chantsallkham Jamsranjav, Khishigbayar Jamiyansharav,
Melinda Laituri, Robin S. Reid, Jessica Thompson,
Tungalag Ulambayar and Niah Venable

7 Challenges of Boundary Crossing in Graduate

Training for Coupled Human-Natural Systems Research 227
Elizabeth G. King and Nathan Nibbelink
 Contents   xiii

8 Understanding the Central Great Plains as a Coupled

Climatic-Hydrological-Human System: Lessons
Learned in Operationalizing Interdisciplinary
Collaboration 265
Marcellus Caldas, Martha Mather, Jason Bergtold, Melinda
Daniels, Gabriel Granco, Joseph A. Aistrup, David Haukos,
Aleksey Y. Sheshukov, Matthew R. Sanderson
and Jessica L. Heier Stamm

9 High-Resolution Remote Sensing Data as a Boundary

Object to Facilitate Interdisciplinary Collaboration 295
T. Trevor Caughlin, Sarah J. Graves, Gregory P. Asner,
Bryan C. Tarbox and Stephanie A. Bohlman

10 Scientists and Stakeholders, Data and Diagnostics:

Crossing Boundaries for Modeling the Impacts
of Highway Paving in a Tri-national Frontier
in the Amazon 327
Stephen G. Perz, Galia Selaya, Rafael Muñoz-Carpena,
Gregory Kiker, Christopher Baraloto, Matthew Marsik
and Jane Southworth

11 Collaboration Across Boundaries: Reflections on

Studying the Sustainability of the Mississippi River
Delta as a Coupled Natural-Human System 361
Nina S.-N. Lam, Y. Jun Xu, R. Kelley Pace, Kam-biu Liu,
Yi Qiang, Siddhartha Narra, Thomas A. Bianchette,
Heng Cai, Lei Zou, Kenan Li, Sanjeev Joshi
and Volodymyr Mihunov

12 Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration in

Comparative Perspective: Key Insights, Lessons
Learned, and Recommendations for Future Practice 395
Stephen G. Perz

Index 431
 Notes on Contributors

Joseph A. Aistrup research primarily addresses issues pertaining to

water use and policy and its impacts on communities in the western half
of Kansas. His current research assesses the value of water and its associ-
ated biosphere in fresh water scarce watersheds.
Arren Allegretti teaches environmental studies, world geography, and
human dimensions of Marine Protected Areas at Santa Clara University.
She holds a Ph.D. in Ecology and an M.S. in Human Dimensions of
Natural Resources from Colorado State University. Her Ph.D. focused
in part of the experience of cross-cultural team science and participatory
methods for integrating transdisciplinary and local knowledge systems
in the MOR2 project.
Jay Angerer is Associate Professor at Texas A&M Agrilife Research &
Extension Center at Blackland. His research currently focuses on using
satellite imagery to improve landscape estimates of livestock forage and
building decision support tools for improving livestock management
on rangelands. He has worked extensively in East and West Africa and
Mongolia.

xv
xvi   Notes on Contributors

Heidi Asbjornsen is an Associate Professor in the Department

of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of New
Hampshire. Her research interests fall broadly within the disciplines of
ecosystem ecology, applied forest ecology, and sustainable agriculture,
while encompassing aspects of plant ecophysiology, restoration ecology,
ecohydrology, and sustainability science. She is particularly interested in
the effects of climate change and land use change on the water cycle,
and the linkages between plant–water interactions and nutrient and car-
bon cycles, in both forest and agricultural systems.
Gregory P. Asner is a staff scientist in Carnegie’s Department of Global
Ecology and also serves as a Professor in the Department of Earth
System Science at Stanford University. He is an ecologist recognized for
his exploratory and applied research on ecosystems, land use, and cli-
mate change at regional to global scales. Asner investigates the interac-
tions between land use, climate, and ecosystems through a combination
of extensive field study, airborne and satellite remote sensing, and com-
puter modeling. His work has uncovered ecological change in remote
forests and desert regions of the world. He also maintains a long-term
research program on the chemical evolution of plants, and its relation-
ship to Earth spectroscopy measured with airborne and orbital remote
sensing instrumentation.
Sara A. Ates is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Oceanography
and Coastal Sciences in the College of the Coast and Environment at
Louisiana State University (USA). Her interests are in coastal hydrology
and hydrodynamics, weather and climate, and geology.
V. Sophie Avila Foucat is a Senior Researcher at the Instituto de
Investigaciones Económicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México (UNAM), México. Her research interests include the economy
and environment, ecological economics and sustainable diversification
of the rural sector.
Batkhishig Baival holds a Ph.D. in Rangeland Ecosystem Science
from Colorado State University, founded the Nutag Action Research
Institute and is Mongolia Country Director for the Sustainable Fibre
Alliance.
 Notes on Contributors   xvii

Christopher Baraloto is a Professor in the Department of Biological

Sciences and Director of the International Center for Tropical Botany
at Florida International University. He is interested in the mechanisms
and underlying patterns of plant species distributions, their relationship
with ecosystem structure and function, and their response to resource
exploitation and global change. He works primarily in the diverse low-
land forests of South America, with principal research sites in French
Guiana, Peru and Brazil.
Batbuyan Batjav is an Economic and Social Geographer who founded
and directs the Center for Nomadic Pastoralism Studies in Ulaanbaatar,
Mongolia. As a researcher and former director of the Mongolian
Institute of Geography and Geoecology, he has conducted many studies
on pastoral mobility, livelihoods and land tenure, among other topics.
Jason Bergtold is a Professor in the Department of Agricultural
Economics at Kansas State University. Dr. Bergtold has a broad back-
ground in statistical and econometric modeling; design and admin-
istration of stated choice experiments and surveys; and modeling of
human-decision making related to technology adoption, bio-energy
and land use. Bergtold has conducted several studies using stated choice
experiments and surveys in Kansas and in Brazil.
Z. Carter Berry is a Grand Challenges Initiative Postdoctoral Fellow in
the Schmid College of Science and Technology at Chapman University.
His research focuses on the role of vegetation type in the movement
of water and carbon through ecosystems. This work encompasses tools
from plant physiological ecology, community ecology, and ecohydrol-
ogy. His current research efforts are focused on understanding the
unique interactions between vegetation and climate within tropical eco-
systems considering how climate change may alter these relationships.
Thomas A. Bianchette is Visiting Assistant Professor in the
Department of Natural Sciences at the University of Michigan-
Dearborn. His main research interest is in implementing numerous geo-
logical and biological proxies to detect hurricane evidence at centennial
to millennial timescales.
xviii   Notes on Contributors

Rebecca Bliege Bird is a Professor of Anthropology at Penn State.

She is an ecological anthropologist interested in the socio-ecology of
subsistence. She pursues such topics as the gender division of labor in
hunting and gathering, cooperation, costly signaling, indigenous con-
servation/land management, and fire ecology, drawing on theory,
models, and methods from behavioral ecology and landscape ecol-
ogy to answer questions about how local social contexts influence eco-
nomic decision-making and how such decisions impact local ecological
communities.
Stephanie A. Bohlman is an Associate Professor in the School of
Forest Resources and Conservation at the University of Florida. Her
overall research interests are to understand how species/functional group
composition and forest structure will respond to climate change and the
effects of these responses on ecosystem functioning. She is particularly
interested in landscape level patterns, which has led her to use remote
sensing data extensively. She has focused on high resolution remote
sensing as a bridge between field data and coarse scale satellite data. Her
work has focused primarily on tropical forests, which has critical gaps in
knowledge about carbon uptake and response to climate change.
Heng Cai is a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of
Environmental Sciences at Louisiana State University. Her disserta-
tion focused on the assessment and modeling of community resilience
to coastal hazards in the Lower Mississippi River Basin in southeastern
Louisiana.
Marcellus Caldas is the K-State leading principal investigator. Caldas
is an economic/environmental geographer who studies the interac-
tion of social, economic, and environmental processes. His concep-
tual framework is derived from an economic and social perspective
that considers the behavioral attitudes of agents, and implications for
the environment. His research strategy combines both qualitative and
quantitative methodologies, utilizing data and insight gained from field
investigation, key informant interviews and geo-spatial techniques.
Christopher Caldwell is a Director of the Sustainable Development
Institute at College of Menominee Nation. He is responsible for
 Notes on Contributors   xix

coordination of SDI staff and resources in the delivery of nonacademic

programming, research, contractual services, and other projects in
support of the Institute’s mission, and the broader mission of CMN.
A primary focus of this work is the advancement of the Menominee
Theoretical Model of Sustainability. Chris is an enrolled member of the
Menominee Nation and has worked in the sustainable forestry field for
over twenty years.
Edward Castañeda-Moya is a Research Associate in the Southeast
Environmental Research Center at Florida International University
(USA) His research focuses on nutrient biogeochemistry and ecosystem
dynamics of coastal wetlands. He studies the effect of large-scale natural
(hurricanes) and human (freshwater diversions) disturbances on carbon
and nutrient dynamics and vegetation succession to understand trajec-
tories of ecosystem structure and function.
T. Trevor Caughlin is an Assistant Professor in the Department of
Biological Sciences at Boise State University. His research focus is
developing models to predict restoration outcomes across large areas,
including theoretical models that provide general insight into the spa-
tial dynamics of reforestation, statistical methods to confront theory
with field data, and remote sensing to quantify forest cover change
across regions and continents. His long-term goal is to translate quanti-
tative forecasts into spatially-targeted interventions for forest landscape
restoration.
Russell G. Congalton is a Professor of Remote Sensing and GIS in the
Department of Natural Resources and Environment at the University
of New Hampshire. His research interests are divided almost equally
between basic research on spatial data uncertainty/map accuracy
and applied research applying the tools of remote sensing including
unmanned aerial systems, GIS, and spatial data analysis to solving nat-
ural resource problems. These projects have included habitat mapping,
endangered plant habitat analysis, mapping forest change, fire and fuels
management, and mapping eelgrass and vernal pools.
Diana Córdoba is a Researcher in the School of Environmental
Studies at the University of Victoria in Canada. Her general topics of
xx   Notes on Contributors

interests are: (1) state and private development interventions for poverty
reduction; (2) the creation, use and governance of new technologies and
knowledges; and (3) local social and ecological processes and outcomes
in agriculture and natural resource management.
Melinda Daniels is an Associate Research Scientist in the Stroud Water
Research Center. Daniels is an interdisciplinary Geographer specializ-
ing in fluvial geomorphology. She is the Stroud Water Research Center
leading principal investigator for the research team and contributes to
the hydrological, biological and geomorphological research components.
Steven Fassnacht is a Professor of Snow Hydrology in the Department
of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability at Colorado State University.
His research examines the spatial and temporal variability of snow and
related earth system properties.
María E. Fernández-Giménez is a Professor in the Department of
Forest and Rangeland Stewardship at Colorado State University. A
rangeland and human ecologist, her research interests include com-
munity-based rangeland management, local and traditional ecological
knowledge, and participatory research.
Arthur J. Gold is a Professor and Chair of the Department of Natural
Resources Science at the University of Rhode Island (USA). His
research is focused on the hydrology of coastal watersheds. His refereed
articles include publications focused on the ecosystem services of coastal
estuaries and river systems in East Africa.
Gabriel Granco is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of
Geography at Kansas State University. His research incorporates social,
economic, and environmental, data and models to understand human
decision-making processes towards sustainability. Dr. Granco uses geo-
spatial data management to integrate disparate data at multiple scales
enabling the analysis of environmental policy support and adoption in
face of global environmental change.
Sarah J. Graves is a program coordinator in the Nelson Institute for
Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She
 Notes on Contributors   xxi

works with a diverse group of graduate students in applying environ-

mental geospatial data to complex environmental issues in non-academic
sectors. Sarah’s graduate research at the University of Florida is using high-­
resolution airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR data to generate ecological
data at the scale of the individual tree as a way to connect ecological ques-
tions with remote sensing data. Applications of this approach have been
quantifying the species diversity, biomass structure, and growth rates of
tropical and temperate forest landscapes.
Todd Guilfoos is an Assistant Professor in the Department of
Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, University of Rhode
Island (USA). His research interests are in collective action, behavioral
economics, and water resources using game theory, agent-based mode-
ling, and applied econometrics.
David Haukos is currently the Leader of the Kansas Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit and Adjunct Associate Professor at Kansas
State University. His research interests include animal population
responses to landscape changes and management actions with a focus
on the Great Plains.
Jessica L. Heier Stamm is an Associate Professor and College of
Engineering Keystone Research Faculty Scholar in the Department
of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering at Kansas State
University. Her research is focused on public health and humanitarian
settings and on systems where the interfaces between human, animal,
and/or environmental health are important. These systems involve mul-
tiple stakeholders, and decentralized decision-making is a significant
challenge. Her group’s work makes advances in theory, modeling, and
application by combining optimization, game theory, and agent-based
simulation to explicitly model decentralized agents’ decisions.
Casey Helgeson is an Assistant Research Professor in the Earth and
Environmental Systems Institute of the Pennsylvania State University.
His research addresses best practices for the treatment of ethical values
within climate risk management, by way of conceptual questions about
rationality, uncertainty, and the role of values in science and inference.
xxii   Notes on Contributors

Mario F. Hernandez works in the Department of Oceanography and

Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University (USA). His research focuses
on habitat use by commercially important fish and invertebrates within
coastal areas.
Jiawei Huang is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Geography at
the Pennsylvania State University. Her research interest lies in VR and
3D graphics, such as VR content creation, procedural modeling, VR
interactions, and HCI. During her Ph.D., she focuses on high-fidelity
VR interactions related to hand tracking, body tracking and evaluations.
Khishigbayar Jamiyansharav holds a Ph.D. in Ecology from
Colorado State University and currently works on climate change
impact assessments for the Center for Environmental Management of
Military Lands. Previously she was a Postdoctoral Fellow and database
manager for the MOR2 project.
Chantsallkham Jamsranjav is a Rangeland Scientist and Development
Practitioner with over 20 years of experience in community devel-
opment and community-based rangeland management. She recently
led the strategic resilience assessment and served as the program
performance and quality coordinator for Mercy Corps’ Resilient
Communities Program.
Kelly W. Jones is an Associate Professor in the Department of Human
Dimensions of Natural Resources at Colorado State University. She
applies microeconomic theory and methods to understand relationships
between people and the environment. Specific topics of interest include
payments for ecosystem services, impact evaluation, land tenure and
property rights, and drivers of land cover change. Much of her scholar-
ship has been devoted to interdisciplinary collaborations that combine
physical, ecological, and social science theory and methods to advance
knowledge.
Sanjeev Joshi is a Postdoctoral research associate in the School of
Renewable Natural Resources, at Louisiana State University. His dis-
sertation focused on the issues of continuous land loss in southeastern
coastal Louisiana.
 Notes on Contributors   xxiii

Klaus Keller is a Professor of Geosciences at Penn State where he also

directs the Center for Climate Risk Management. His research addresses
two interrelated questions. First, how can we mechanistically under-
stand past and potentially predict future changes in the Earth system?
Second, how can we use this information to design sustainable, scien-
tifically sound, technologically feasible, economically efficient, and ethi-
cally defensible risk management strategies? He analyzes these questions
by mission-oriented basic research covering a wide range of disciplines
such as Earth system science, economics, engineering, philosophy, deci-
sion science, and statistics.
Gregory Kiker is an Associate Professor in the Department of
Agricultural and Biological Engineering at the University of Florida.
He specializes in the integration of ecological, hydrological and decision
models, environmental risk and decision analysis, and model integra-
tion for decision support.
Elizabeth G. King is a Professor in the Odum School of Ecology and
the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University
of Georgia. Her research interests include pastoralist social-ecological
systems, restoration ecology, ecohydrology, sustainability science, and
interdisciplinary graduate training. She is a faculty member in the Center
for Integrative Conservation Research and the Integrative Conservation
Ph.D. program at UGA, both of which promote the pluralistic integra-
tion of different research perspectives to address sustainability and con-
servation issues at multiple scales.
Alexander Klippel is a Professor of Geographic Information Science
and Affiliate Professor of Information Science and Technology at The
Pennsylvania State University. He is the current Gosnell Senior Faculty
Scholar in the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences. He founded
ChoroPhronesis—Applied Spatial Intelligence, a research team focussing
on advancing applied and basic research on immersive technologies such
as augmented and virtual reality. A particular focus is placed on immer-
sive learning and establishing design guidelines for immersive experiences.
Randall K. Kolka is a Research Soil Scientist and Team Leader with
the USDA Forest Service’s Northern Research Station in Grand Rapids,
xxiv   Notes on Contributors

MN. He leads a team of scientists conducting research on the cycling

of water, carbon, nutrients, mercury and other pollutants at the plot
to watershed scale in urban, agricultural, forested, wetland and aquatic
ecosystems across the globe.
Sarah Laborde is a Research Fellow at the Australian Rivers Institute,
Griffith University, Australia. She has a background in geosciences and
environmental engineering, and research interests in science studies as
well as in the complex and dynamic interconnections between people
and aquatic ecosystems. She completed a Ph.D. at the University of
Western Australia in 2012 with joint affiliations in environmental engi-
neering and cultural anthropology.
Melinda Laituri is a Professor in the Department of Ecosystem
Science and Sustainability at Colorado State University. Among her
diverse research interests are indigenous natural resource management,
disaster adaptation, and use of GIS that incorporates cultural and
eco-physical data to address water resource issues.
Nina S.-N. Lam is a Professor and E.L. Abraham Distinguished
Professor in the Department of Environmental Sciences at Louisiana
State University. Lam’s research interests are in GIS, remote sensing,
spatial analysis, environmental health, and disaster resilience. Lam has
published two edited books and over 100 refereed articles, and served
as PI or co-PI of over 50 external grants. Professor Lam received a
number of national and LSU awards including an AAG Outstanding
Contributions in Remote Sensing Award (2004), UCGIS Inaugural
Carolyn Merry Mentoring Award (2016), UCGIS Fellow Award
(2016), LSU Distinguished Faculty Award, (2006), LSU Rainmaker
(2009), LSU Distinguished Research Master (2010), and College of the
Coast and Environment Outstanding Faculty Research Award (2012).
Kenan Li is a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of
Preventive Medicine at the University of Southern California. He is a
data scientist, a GIS modeler and a geo-simulation specialist.
Kam-biu Liu is a George W. Barineau III Professor and Chair of the
Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences in the College of
 Notes on Contributors   xxv

the Coast and Environment at Louisiana State University. His research

interests include paleotempestology, coastal paleoecology, ice-core
paleoclimatology, global environmental change, palynology, and lake
sediments.
Razack Lokina is an Associate Professor of Environmental and
Resources Economics at the University of Dar es Salaam (Tanzania),
and also serves as Center Director and Senior Research Fellow at EfD
Tanzania. He conducts research and consultancy in poverty, resource,
and environmental economics. His expertise area is in compliance and
governance, nonmarket valuation, and participatory resource manage-
ment with applications in fish, water, and forest resources.
Sergio Miguel López Ramirez is a Ph.D. Candidate in the
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Michigan
Technological University. His research interests include numerical and
experimental investigations of hydrology and impacts of climate change
and land use changes on the water cycle in terms of streamflow variabil-
ity and water quality.
Melissa Lucash is a Research Assistant Professor in the Geography
Department at Portland State University. Her research uses big data and
spatial modeling to describe spatial patterns in vegetation and project
how climate change and disturbances like fire will affect forests over the
coming decades.
Mwita M. Mangora is a Senior Lecturer and Deputy Director at
the Institute of Marine Sciences of the University of Dar es Salaam in
Tanzania. His current research focuses on mangrove stress ecophysiol-
ogy, ecosystem services, restoration ecology and management.
Robert H. Manson is a Full Professor in the Functional Ecology
Network at the Instituto de Ecología, A.C., a federal research institute
located in Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. His research is focussed on using
ecosystem service quantification and valuation, including spatial mode-
ling, as a tool to strengthen programs making payments for hydrological
services and to help improve sustainability in shade coffee farms by low-
ering production costs and diversifying sources of revenue.
xxvi   Notes on Contributors

Matthew Marsik is a physical geographer by training, specializing in

land change science and geospatial sciences. He develops hypotheses
and toolsets to investigate questions regarding natural resource con-
servation and management. His research is integrative and multidis-
ciplinary, providing a network of colleagues to conduct collaborative
research on land cover change; watershed hydrology; climate variabil-
ity; ecosystem services; remote sensing techniques; geospatial analyses;
and geostatistical methods. Dr. Marsik has conducted individual and
collaborative research in montane watersheds of Costa Rica; Amazonian
tri-national frontier of Brazil, Peru and Bolivia; the US southeast-
ern coastal plain forests; and forests and watersheds of the Pacific
Northwest.
Martha Mather is an aquatic community ecologist, by training, who
has expertise in fish ecology within estuary, lake, stream, and river eco-
systems. Dr. Mather’s research interests are in basic ecology to address
science-based conservation, patterns, drivers, and consequences of active
fish mobility, functionally important patterns of spatial heterogeneity,
and interdisciplinary resource conservation.
Catherine McNally is a Research Associate in the Coastal Resources
Center at the University of Rhode Island (USA). She has worked on
various projects in Africa over the past ten years and focused on ecosys-
tem services, environmental flows, fisheries management and alternative
livelihoods.
Stephen R. Midway works in the Department of Oceanography and
Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana
State University (USA). Steve uses a mix of field, lab, and modeling
approaches to study fish populations from headwater streams to the off-
shore environment, all with an emphasis on sustainable use of fishery
resources.
Volodymyr Mihunov is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of
Environmental Sciences at Louisiana State University. He studies com-
munity resilience, and socio-economic and environmental vulnerability
in food-water-energy systems.
 Notes on Contributors   xxvii

Mark Moritz is an Associate Professor in the Department of

Anthropology at the Ohio State University. His research focuses on
management of common-pool resources, emergence of sustainability,
ecological of infectious diseases, and regime shifts in coupled human
and natural systems using a range of methods, including ethnography,
spatial analysis, and agent-based modelling. Most of his research has
focused on African pastoralists for whom keeping herd animals is a way
of making a living and a way of life.
Rafael Muñoz-Carpena is a Professor of Hydrology and Water Quality
in the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering at the
University of Florida. His research interests include hydrology and eco-
logical systems analysis, water quality monitoring and modelling, and
uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of models.
Siddhartha Narra is a Postdoctoral Research Associate with the Center
for Energy Studies at Louisiana State University. His research interests
include the economic impacts of coastal land loss and extreme weather
events on Louisiana’s energy infrastructure, assessing energy sustainabil-
ity in vulnerable coastal systems, and reviewing, modeling and forecast-
ing oil and gas energy development, production and decommissioning
trends in the Outer Continental Shelf.
Nathan Nibbelink is a Professor in the Warnell School of Forestry
and Natural Resources, and Director of the Center for Integrative
Conservation Research and the Integrative Conservation Ph.D.
Program at the University of Georgia. As a spatial ecologist, his research
uses spatially explicit models to address landscape connectivity in a
changing world, and to inform conservation and management of species
and ecosystems.
Robert E. Nicholas is an Assistant Research Professor of Atmospheric
Science in the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute at The
Pennsylvania State University. His research interests concern the trans-
lation of variability and uncertainty in global climate to decision-rele-
vant scales, with a particular focus on the development of data products
for climate impact studies in agriculture, forestry, and water resources
management.
xxviii   Notes on Contributors

Stacey Olson is a Master of Science student in the Department of

Geography at the Pennsylvania State University. Her research uses
spatial ecological modeling to investigate potential changes to forest
composition and function as a result of invasive species (Agrilus pla-
nipennis) spread and projected climatic variability.
Jared Oyler is a Geospatial Climatologist and Data Scientist. He devel-
ops localized climate data products for use in natural resource man-
agement, agriculture, environmental research and decision support
applications.
R. Kelley Pace is a Professor of Finance in the Department of Finance
and Real Estate Research Institute at Louisiana State University. He
serves on the Louisiana Real Estate Commission and is Director of the
Real Estate Research Institute.
Stephen G. Perz is a Professor of Sociology at the University of
Florida. He has received more than $16 million in funding from NSF,
USAID, NASA and other sources, for research as well as applied con-
servation and development work. He works on infrastructure impacts
on social-ecological systems, focusing on the tri-national frontier where
Bolivia, Brazil and Peru meeting in the southwestern Amazon. His work
features collaboration across disciplinary, national and organizational
boundaries. He has roughly 100 peer-reviewed publications in sci-
entific journals, plus various book chapters and other items. In 2016,
he published Crossing Boundaries for Collaboration: Conservation and
Development Projects in the Amazon.
Sui Chian Phang is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Department
of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology at The Ohio State
University, USA. His research focuses on socioecological dynamics of
inland fisheries, with added interest in small-scale and subsistence fish-
eries in developing regions. He adopts a complex science approach to
examine how social and ecological processes at the local, regional and
international scales affect development, sustainability and resilience.
His work seeks a more informed and equitable governance of freshwater
resources and ecosystem services.
 Notes on Contributors   xxix

Erin C. Pischke is a Research Associate at the University of Oregon.

She is a social scientist on inter- and transdisciplinary research projects
in the United States and Latin America whose work focuses on local
responses to environmental change and the challenges to studying such
responses. Her research interests include comparative politics in Latin
America, sustainable management of socioecological systems, global
environmental change, climate change, managing interdisciplinary
teams and grassroots activism.
Michael J. Polito works in the Department of Oceanography and
Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana
State University (USA). His research uses field and laboratory tech-
niques to study the trophic ecology of marine and coastal ecological
communities experiencing rapidly changing environments and anthro-
pogenic influences.
Yi Qiang is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography at
the University of Hawaii–Manoa. His research interests include space-
time representation to applications of geospatial techniques in modeling
human dynamics in climate change.
Robin S. Reid is a Director of the Center for Collaborative
Conservation and Professor in the Department of Ecosystem Science
and Sustainability at Colorado State University. She leads initiatives
to make science a catalyst for transformative social action, and works
with diverse teams to address complex environment and society prob-
lems through collaborative action in the western US, Mongolia and east
Africa.
Dr. Victor H. Rivera-Monroy is an Associate Professor with Louisiana
State University’s College of the Coast and Environment in the
Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences. He is a systems
ecologist with areas of specialization in biogeochemistry and primary
productivity in tropical and temperate wetland and mangrove ecosys-
tems; his research activities address a wide range of basic research prob-
lems in environmental sciences focusing on fundamental and applied
questions in marine and estuarine resource utilization and management.
He has performed ecological research in Mexico, Honduras, Belize,
xxx   Notes on Contributors

Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Tanzania,

Qatar, and Sri Lanka.
Matthew Robertson is a graduate student at Louisiana State University
in the College of the Coast and Environment (USA). His research inter-
ests lie in fisheries science and fisheries management.
Robert V. Rohli is a Professor in the Department of Oceanography
and Coastal Sciences, the College of the Coast and Environment at
Louisiana State University (USA). He studies atmospheric circulation
variability, hydrometeorology, and applied climatology, particularly in
coastal environments.
Kelsey L. Ruckert is a Research Technologist for the Earth and
Environmental Systems Institute at Penn State. She is responsible for
assisting research projects with the development of visualization, mod-
eling, analysis, decision support, and educational tools. Her areas of
specialization include climate change, flood hazards, geospatial analysis,
water quality, and geology. Her research focuses on understanding sea-
level rise and storm surge, and their implications to coastal risks and the
design of risk management strategies.
Jacob Salcone is a Ph.D. candidate at Colorado State University in the
Department of Human Dimensions of Natural Resources and a natu-
ral resource economist consultant for UN Environment. Jacob uses
microeconomic tools to assess the distribution and value of ecosystem
services. His Ph.D. research evaluated the impact of payment for eco-
system service programs in Mexico and modeled future land-use change
scenarios. Jacob holds an M.S. in Agricultural and Resource Economics
from Colorado State University and a B.A. in International Sustainable
Development from the University of California, Santa Cruz.
Matthew R. Sanderson is a Randall C. Hill Distinguished Professor of
Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work and Professor of Sociology at
Kansas State University. His work is situated at the intersection of pop-
ulation and environment, which he investigates as co-evolving aspects of
development within the context of globalization.
 Notes on Contributors   xxxi

Robert M. Scheller is a Professor in the Department of Forestry and

Environmental Resources at North Carolina University. His research
focuses on forest landscape change: how forests have changed, how
they will change, and why it matters. His research examines how policy,
forest management, and natural disturbances generate or reduce forest
health, specifically with regard to climate change. His research encom-
passes a range of disciplines including forest ecology, landscape and eco-
system ecology, silviculture, geospatial analytics, and social science.
Galia Selaya was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of
Agricultural and Biological Engineering at the University of Florida.
She is a forest ecologist interested in vegetation dynamics, forest prod-
ucts and carbon dynamics in the Amazon.
Theresa Selfa is a Professor in the Department of Environmental
Studies at the State University of New York College of Environmental
Science and Forestry. Her research interests include political economy
of water, energy and agrifood systems, household impacts of environ-
mental policies, and the governance of controversial technologies, with
fieldwork based in the US and Latin America.
Aleksey Y. Sheshukov is an Associate Professor in Biological &
Agricultural Engineering Department at Kansas State University. His
research interests include studying fundamentals of hydrological pro-
cesses at the watershed scale, evaluating best-management practices
for sustainable watershed management and restoration, and physically
based modeling of flow and coupled heat and mass transport in ter-
restrial ecosystems. His research group utilizes a variety of watershed
modeling tools and develops novel computer models to gain better
understanding of climate and land use change impacts on watershed
hydrology and water-quality.
Xoco Shinbrot is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Graduate Degree Program
in Ecology at Colorado State University. Her research interests include
resilience and adaptation to natural disasters; policy impacts on land use
change; economic instruments for behavior change; social norms; citi-
zen science; indigenous ecological knowledge; gender and conservation;
and science communication.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
exclaimed,—O thou who beyond recovery hast captivated my soul,
the glance of thine eye has opened a wound in my bosom which will
not be cured to the end of my life!
I love, I love an adolescent, and my passion burns like a flame at the
bottom of my heart. When love glided into my bosom, scarcely did
the tender down shade the cheek of my lover. Oh, I love! and it is for
thee, my well-beloved, that my tears flow; and I swear by Him who
created love, that my heart has never known tenderness but for thee!
I offer to thee my first flame.
When the night deepens its shadows, it is to imitate the blackness of
thy curling locks; when the day shines in its purest splendour, it is to
recall to mind the dazzling brightness of thy countenance: the
exhalations of the aloes are less sweet than the perfume of thy
breath; and the lover, enamoured of thy charms, shall pass his life in
recounting thy praises.
My best-beloved comes forth, but her countenance is veiled; yet at
sight of her all minds are bewildered. The slender branch in the
Valley of Camels becomes jealous of her flexible and attractive form.
Suddenly she raises her hand and removes the curious veil which
concealed her, and the inhabitants of the land utter cries of surprise.
Is it a flash of lightning, say they, which illuminates our dwellings? or
have the Arabs lighted fires in the desert?

Number Probable
Number
Names Names of Commanders of Tents
of
Persons
of Tribes. of Tribes. in each
in
each
Tribe.
Tribe.
El-Ammour Soultan El-Brrak 500 5,000
Mehamma El Fadel Eben
El-Hassné 1,500 15,000
Melhgem
Would Aly Douhi Eben Sammir 5,000 50,000
El-Serhaan Adgham Eben Ali 1,200 12,000
El-Sarddié Fedghem Eben Sarraage 1,800 18,000
Benni
Sellamé Eben Fakhrer 2,700 27,000
Sakhrer
El-Doualla Drayhy Eben Chahllan 5,000 50,000
El-Harba Fares El-Harba 4,000 40,000
El-Suallemè Auad Eben Giandal 1,500 15,000
El-Ollama Taffaissan Eben Sarraage 1,400 14,000
Abdellé Selam Eben Mehgiel 1,200 12,000
El-Refacha Zarrak 800 8,000
El-Wualdè Giandal El-Mehidi 1,600 16,000
El-
Hammoud El-Tammer 5,000 50,000
Mofanfakhr
El-Cherarah Abedd Eben Sobaihi 2,300 23,000
El-Achgaha Dehass Eben Ali 2,000 20,000
El-Salca Giassem Eben Geraimess 3,000 30,000
El-Giomllan Zarrak Ebn Fakhrer 1,200 12,000
El-Giahma Giarah Eben Mehgiel 1,500 15,000
El-Ballahiss Ghaleb Eben Ramdoun 1,400 14,000
El-Maslekhr Faress Eben Nadjed 2,000 20,000
El-Khrassa Zehayran Eben Houad 2,000 20,000
El-Mahlac Nabec Eben Habed 3,000 30,000
El-
Roudan Eben Soultan 1,500 15,000
Merackhrat
El-Zeker Motlac Eben Fayhan 800 8,000
El-Bechakez Faress Eben Aggib 500 5,000
El-Chiamssi Cassem El-Wukban 1,000 10,000
El-Fuaher Sallamé El-Nahessan 600 6,000
El-Salba Mehanna El-Saneh 800 8,000
El-Fedhan Douackhry Eben Ghabiaïn 5,000 50,000
El-Salkeh Ali Eben Geraimess 3,000 30,000
El-Messahid Nehaiman Eben Fehed 3,500 35,000
El-Sabha Mohdi Eben Heïd 4,000 40,000
Benni
Chatti Eben Harab 5,000 50,000
Dehabb
El-Fekaka Astaoui Eben Tayar 1,500 15,000
El-Hamamid Chatti Eben Faress 1,500 15,000
El-Daffir Auad Eben Motlac 2,300 23,000
El-Hegiager Sellamé Eben Barac 800 8,000
El-
Khrenkiar El-Alimy 3,000 30,000
Khrezahel
Benni Tay Hamdi Eben Tamer 4,000 40,000
El-Huarig Habac Eben Mahdan 3,500 35,000
El-Mehazez Redaini Eben Khronkiar 6,000 60,000
El-Berkazè Sahdoun Eben Wuali 1,300 13,000
El-Nahimm Faheh Eben Saleh 300 3,000
Bouharba Alyan Eben Nadjed 500 5,000
———— ————
102,000 1,020,000

THE END.

FOOTNOTES:
[A] According to Arab law, murder is compensated by money; and
the sum is fixed according to circumstances.
[B] This bottle was taken with all the rest into Egypt.
[C] An Arabic expression implying extent of dominion.
[D] A title of a Turkish officer, used in derision by the Bedouins.
[E] Turban of ceremony, (Turkish.)
[F] Destroyer of the Turks.
[G] Every Bedouin accustoms his horse to some sign when it is to
put out all its speed. He employs it only on pressing occasions,
and never confides the secret even to his own son.
[H] A pun not easy to translate: Serah means gone; Serhan, wolf.
[I] When a Bedouin voluntarily gives up his horse to his adversary,
he may neither kill him nor make him prisoner.
[J] Ebn Sihoud, King of the Wahabees, is often called by this
name.
[K] This imaginary princess was no other than lady Hester
Stanhope.
[L] The ceremony is called the hasnat.
[M] These chiefs were, Zarack Ebn Fahrer, chief of the tribe El
Gioullan; Giarah Ebn Meghiel, chief of the tribe El Giahma;
Ghaleb Ebn Ramdoun, chief of the tribe El Ballahiss; and Fares
Ebn Nedged, chief of the tribe El Maslekher.
[N] Female camels of the most beautiful species.
[O] An equestrian exercise with sticks, called djerids, which are
lanced like javelins.
[P] The tribe El Krassa, whose chief was Zahaman Ebn Houad;
the tribe El Mahlac, with its chief Ebn Habed; the tribe El
Meraikhrat, its chief Roudan Ebn Abed; and the tribe El Zeker, its
chief Matlac Ebn Fayhan.
[Q] Fares Ebn Aggib, chief of the tribe El Bechakez, with five
hundred tents; Cassan Ebn Unkban, chief of the tribe El
Chiamssi, one thousand tents; Selame Ebn Nahssan, chief of the
tribe El Fuaher, six hundred tents; Mehanna el Saneh, chief of the
tribe El Salba, eight hundred tents.
[R] The tribe of El Fedhan, composed of five thousand tents; that
of El Sabha, four thousand tents; El Fekaka, one thousand five
hundred; El Messahid, three thousand five hundred; El Salca,
three thousand; finally, that of Benni Dehabb, five thousand.
[S] The tribe of Beny Tay, composed of 4,000 tents; that of El
Hamarnid, 1,500 tents; of El Daffir, 2,500 tents; of El Hegiager,
800 tents; and lastly, that of El Khresahel, 3,000.
[T] At Maktal El Abed, we met two tribes, that of Berkaje,
commanded by Sahdoun Ebn Wuali, 1300 tents strong, and that
of Mahimen, commanded by Fahed Ebn Salche, of 300 tents.
Crossing the Euphrates before Haiff, we concluded an alliance
with Alayan Ebn Nadjed, chief of the tribe of Bouharba, which
reckoned 500 tents.
[U] Published by Abel Ledoux.
[V] The celebrated treatise on medicine by Ebn Sina.
[W] This Arabic letter is of a bent form.
[X] A stringed instrument.
 Transcriber’s note
Minor punctuation errors have been changed
without notice. Inconsistencies in hyphenation have
been standardized. Spelling has been retained as
published.
The spelling of the tribe El Hassnnée was
standardized to include the accent mark.
CHANGED FROM TO
“manners are “manners are
Page 11:
every thing” everything”
“Mehanna el “Mehanna el
Page 47:
Ffadel” Fadel”
“Nabbee was “Nabee was
Page 69:
armed with” armed with”
“Damascus for “Damascus for
Page 71:
merchandize” merchandise”
“me for my “me for my
Page 76:
weaknes” weakness”
“des rous of “desirous of
Page 104:
securing” securing”
“arrived at a spot “arrived at a spot
Page 110:
were” where”
Page 136: “the prayer Faliha” “the prayer Fatiha”
“enemies be “enemies be
Page 137:
extingushed” extinguished”
“cafia “cafia
Page 149:
(handkercheif)” (handkerchief)”
Page 153: “Drayhy ordered “Drayhy ordered
the Hatfé” the hatfé”
 “enthusiastically “enthusiastically
Page 158:
rece ved” received”
“Chatti Eben “Chatti Eben
Page 204:
Faress 15,00” Faress 1,500”
“Auad Eben “Auad Eben
Page 204:
Motlac 23,00” Motlac 2,300”
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NARRATIVE OF
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WANDERING ARABS OF THE GREAT DESERT ***

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