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Zulfikri Muhammad Ripaldi - 13522187 - B - Chapter5
Zulfikri Muhammad Ripaldi - 13522187 - B - Chapter5
13522187
Kelas B
1. What ethical, social, and political issues are raised by information systems?
2. Are there specific principles for conduct that can be used to guide decisions about ethical
dilemmas?
Answer
1. Information technology has raised new possibilities for behavior for which laws and rules
of acceptable conduct have not yet been developed. The introduction of new information
technology has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues that must be
dealt with on the individual, social, and political levels. Ethical, social, and political
issues are closely related. Ethical issues confront individuals who must choose a course
of action, often in a situation in which two or more ethical principles are in conflict (a
dilemma). Social issues spring from ethical issues as societies develop expectations in
individuals about the correct course of action. Political issues spring from social conflict
and are mainly concerned with using laws that prescribe behavior to create situations in
which individuals behave correctly. In giving examples, students can identify issues
surrounding the five moral dimensions of the information age. These include:
information rights and obligations, property rights and obligations, accountability and
control, system quality, and quality of life.
These principles should be used in conjunction with an ethical analysis to guide decision
making. The ethical analysis involves identifying the facts, values, stakeholders, options,
and consequences of actions. Once completed, you can consider which ethical principle
to apply to a situation to arrive at a judgment.
Explain how informed consent, legislation, industry self-regulation, and technology tools
help protect the individual privacy of Internet users.
The online industry prefers self-regulation to the U.S. government tightening privacy
protection legislation.
The moral dimensions of information systems center around information rights and
obligations, property rights and obligations, accountability and control, system quality,
and qualify of life.
4. List and define three different regimes that protect intellectual property rights?
Intellectual property is subject to a variety of protections under three different legal
traditions:
Trade secrets
Copyright
Patent law
Traditional copyright laws are insufficient to protect against software piracy because digital
material can be copied so easily. Internet technology also makes intellectual property even more
difficult to protect because digital material can be copied easily and transmitted to many different
locations simultaneously over the Net. Web pages can be constructed easily using pieces of
content from other Web sites without permission.
Explain why it is so difficult to hold software services liable for failure or injury.
Software is like a book in that it stores and displays information. Courts are wary of holding
software authors liable for booklike software. In general, it is very difficult (if not impossible) to
hold software producers liable for their software products when those products are considered
like books are, regardless of the physical or economic harm that results. However, as people
become more dependent on services essentially based on software the chances are excellent that
liability law will extend its reach to include software when the software merely provides an
information service.
List and describe the principal causes of system quality problems?
Three principle sources of poor system performance are:
Software bugs and errors
Hardware or facility failures caused by natural or other causes
Poor input data quality
Name and describe four quality of life impacts of computers and information systems.
Repetitive stress injury (RSI) is avoidable. Three management actions that could reduce RSI
injuries include:
Designing workstations for a neutral wrist position, using proper monitor stands, and
footrests all contribute to proper posture and reduced RSI.
Using ergonomically designed devices such as keyboards and mice are also options.
Promoting and supporting frequent rest breaks and rotation of employees to different
jobs.
5. It's important that all of the management staff exhibit good moral characteristics from the
very CEO down. They need to consider all of their stakeholders and prioritize company
ethics. It helps if they put it in writing that they aim to be an ethical company. They
should take a proactive stance and donate to/sponsor charities and such.