Biostatistics Suggestion
Biostatistics Suggestion
Use the Kruskal-Wallis test to determine if there is a significant difference in the median
weight loss among the three diets. The critical value with 3 degrees of freedom (k-1) for 4
groups (k=4) is 5.99.
53. Describe the Kruskal-Wallis test and how it can be used as a nonparametric alternative
to one-way ANOVA.
54. A pharmaceutical company is comparing the efficacy of two pain relief medications, Drug A
and Drug B. They conduct an independent study with two groups of patients, each group
receiving one of the drugs. The pain relief score is measured on a scale from 0 to 10, with 10
indicating no pain. The scores for each group are as follows:
Drug A Group: 7, 8, 5, 6, 7
Drug B Group: 6, 5, 7, 4, 5
Use the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test to determine if there is a statistically significant difference
in the median pain relief scores between the two drugs.
55. Explain when the Wilcoxon rank sum test would be used instead of a two-sample t-test.
56. Describe the importance of randomization in clinical trials and how it helps to reduce
potential bias.
57. Explain the concept of multiple regression and how it extends linear regression
58. Provide an example of how a 2^3 factorial design can be used to construct a multipl e
regression equation for tablet dissolution
59. Explain the process of determining the coefficients in multiple regression analysis and
the challenges associated with their interpretation.
60. Describe the technique of fitting a linear model to data with multiple observations an d
the concept of least squares regression fit.
61. Explain the role of control groups in clinical studies and how they contribute to the
validity of the study’s outcomes.
62. Discuss the concept of double-blind studies and how blinding techniques can eliminate
or account for bias in clinical trials
63. Compare and contrast crossover designs with parallel designs in clinical studies,
highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.
64. Discuss the advantages and limitations of changing one factor at a time approach i n
optimizing pharmaceutical formulations as compared to design of experiments approach.
65. What are the advantages and limitations of factorial designs vs fractional factorial
designs? When will you prefer one over the other and why?
66. Describe the process of selecting influential factors in a DoE study and the role of
screening techniques.
67. Elaborate the role of screening techniques in selecting the influential factors in a DoE
study .
68. Discuss the concept of interaction in DoE and how it affects the response.
69. Compare and contrast Resolution III, IV, and V designs in experimental studies.
70. Describe the use of contour plots in visualizing the relationship between variables
71. Explain the purpose of coding factors in DoE and how it is performed
72. Explain the seven-step sequence for optimizing drug delivery systems using DoE
73. What is the principle of Centre Composite Design. Explain with example.
74. What is the principle of Fractional Factorial Design. Explain with an example and
diagram.
75. Describe the principle of Mixture Design with example.
76. Describe the principle of Mixture Design with pharmaceutical example and diagram.
77. What are the importance of Normal probability plot in DoE data analysis?
78. Define self-plagiarism and explain why it is unacceptable.
79. How can students avoid self-plagiarism when reusing their own work?
80. Differentiate between direct quoting and paraphrasing. When should students use each
method in their thesis?
81. Describe the essential components of a well-structured thesis. Explain the purpose of each
section (e.g., introduction, literature review, methodology, results, conclusion).
82. Describe the key properties of parametric and nonparametric statistical tests. When
would you select a nonparametric test over a parametric test?
83. Define a p-value and explain its importance in hypothesis testing. What do different
p-value cutoffs indicate?
84. Explain the concept of statistical power. What factors does the power of a statistical
test depend on?
85. Distinguish between a type I error and type II error in hypothesis testing. Which type o f
error is more serious and why?
86. Explain Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
When would you use each?
87. What is multivariate analysis? Discuss some commonly used multivariate techniques.
88. Compare and contrast between categorical and continuous variables. Provide examples of
each.
89. Distinguish between descriptive and inferential statistics. Provide examples of analyses
for each.
90. Describe the key assumptions of t-test. How would you check if the data meets these
assumptions?
91. Differentiate between one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. Provide an example research
question that each could address.
92. What are the typical sections of a thesis paper and what is the purpose of each
section?
93. Define plagiarism and discuss why it is considered unethical.
94. Differentiate between intentional and accidental plagiarism. How can students avoid
accidental plagiarism?