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    4 views8 pages

    STDs

    Uploaded by

    joysinghlal24

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 8

    Introduction to Cancer

    Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth


    and spread of abnormal cells in the body. It can affect any part of the
    body and is a leading cause of death worldwide. Understanding the
    basics of cancer is crucial for early detection and effective treatment.

    SA by Shiv Singh
    What is Cancer?
    1 Uncontrolled Cell 2 Invasion and 3 Disruption of Normal
    Growth Metastasis Function
    Cancer is caused by Cancer cells can invade As tumors grow, they
    genetic changes that nearby tissues and break can disrupt the normal
    lead to uncontrolled cell off to spread to other function of organs and
    division and growth, parts of the body tissues, leading to
    forming a mass of cells through the various health problems.
    called a tumor. bloodstream or
    lymphatic system.
    Causes of Cancer
    Genetic Factors Environmental Factors Lifestyle Factors
    Inherited genetic mutations Exposure to carcinogens, Factors like poor diet, lack of
    can increase the risk of such as tobacco smoke, physical activity, and chronic
    certain types of cancer, such ultraviolet radiation, and infections can also increase
    as breast, ovarian, and colon certain chemicals, can also the risk of cancer.
    cancer. contribute to the
    development of cancer.
    Types of Cancer
    Leukemia
    Carcinoma Cancers that start in the blood-forming
    Cancers that start in the epithelial cells, tissues, such as the bone marrow, and lead
    which line the internal and external surfaces to the overproduction of abnormal blood
    of the body. cells.

    1 2 3

    Sarcoma
    Cancers that develop in the connective or
    supportive tissues, such as bone, cartilage,
    fat, or muscle.
    Symptoms of Cancer
    Unexplained Weight Loss Persistent Pain
    Rapid, unexplained weight loss can be a sign Ongoing pain or discomfort that doesn't go
    of various types of cancer. away can be a symptom of cancer.

    Changes in Bowel or Bladder Habits Unusual Lumps or Growths


    Persistent changes in bowel movements or The appearance of new, unusual lumps or
    urination patterns may indicate cancer in growths in the body can be a sign of cancer.
    the digestive or urinary tract.
    Diagnosis of Cancer

    Biopsy Imaging Tests Blood Tests


    A small sample of the Techniques like CT scans, MRI, Blood tests can detect the
    suspected tumor is taken and and PET scans can help presence of certain biomarkers
    examined under a microscope identify the location and size that may indicate the presence
    to confirm the diagnosis. of a tumor. of cancer.
    Treatment of Cancer

    1 2 3 4

    Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Targeted Therapy


    Removal of the The use of drugs to Therapy Drugs that target
    tumor and kill rapidly dividing The use of high- specific molecular
    surrounding tissue cancer cells, often energy particles or pathways or genetic
    is often the first line used in combination waves to destroy mutations that drive
    of treatment for with other cancer cells and cancer cell growth.
    solid tumors. treatments. shrink tumors.
    Conclusion
    Cancer is a complex and challenging disease, but ongoing research and advancements in medical
    science continue to improve our understanding and treatment of this condition. Early detection
    and a multidisciplinary approach to care are crucial for improving outcomes and quality of life for
    those affected by cancer.

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