CA FINAL

ELECTIVE PAPER 6B: FINANCIAL SERVICES AND

CAPITAL MARKET

Case Study
ABC Ltd. is a global leader in technology services and consulting. It has enable clients in
45 countries to create and execute strategies for their digital transformation. From
engineering to application development, knowledge management and business process
management, it helps their clients find the right problems to solve, and to solve these
effectively. Their team of 198,000+ innovators, across the globe, is differentiated by the
imagination, knowledge and experience, across industries and technologies that they
bring to every project they undertake.
Today, businesses operate in an unprecedentedly fluid environment. The technology
landscape is turning highly complex as it evolves to meet the demands of a competitive
marketplace and an experiential economy. At the same time, customers are increasingly
demanding simple, new, and convenient experiences.
ABC Consulting helps global corporations - in over 20 countries - develop unique
solutions to address their complex business challenges and create value through
sustainable innovation. As pragmatic consultants with an eye on execution, they help you
design and achieve market-leading performance roadmaps by combining creative thinking,
technology expertise, and global reach.
1. Details of Bonus Issue
The Company has allotted 1, 14, 84,72,332 fully paid-up equity shares of face value ` 5
each in June 2015 to the shareholders of the Company in proportion of 1:1 and
consequently, the number of shares increased from 1,14,84,72,332 to 2,29,69,44,664.
The Company allotted 57,42,36,166 fully paid up equity shares of face value ` 5 each in
December 2014 to the shareholders of the Company in proportion of 1:1 and
consequently, the number of shares increased from 57,42,36,166 to 1,14, 84,72,332.
It was on October 10, 2014, that the company had recommended a bonus issue of one
equity share for every equity share held (1:1 bonus issue).
It fixed December 3, 2014, as the record date for the purpose of allotment of bonus
shares / stock dividend.
The company has mentioned in the Board of Directors report that sufficient cash balance
has been kept by the company to meet its strategic objectives. The company presently
generates sufficient cash internally to finance all its operational, financing and investment
requirements.

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 1

 Announcement date of Bonus Issue – 24/4/2015
Ex-Bonus Date – 15/6/2015
2. Questions:
(i) Determine the total number of subscribed shares of ABC Ltd. in November 2014.
(ii) Find out if there is any possibility of arbitrage opportunity both domestically and
internationally.
(iii) How market has reacted to the bonus announcement and what may be the reason
for the same.
(iv) Explain with reasons the effect of EPS on the Bonus Issue
(v) Discuss by referring to relevant regulations of SEBI the following:
(a) Board of Director’s meeting regarding bonus issue was held on 1 st April,
2015. Within what period the bonus issue shall be implemented. Also,
discuss the necessary approvals required in this respect.
(b) Basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share are equal.
Discuss the reason for this effect.
(c) The company has decided to make a bonus issue. However, later it wants
to withdraw it. Can it do so?
(vi) Prices of ABC Ltd. on the Ex-Bonus date has been reduced drastically. What can
be reasons for this effect?
(vii) What does higher dividend payout on the part of ABC Ltd. indicates?
(viii) Whether it is feasible for the company to go for a buy-back offer? Discuss with
reference to the exhibits provided in the Case Study? What conditions will be
required to be fulfilled by ABC Ltd., if the company decides to go for the buyback?
Discuss with reference to SEBI Regulations.
(ix) What is the market price just before and after the ex-bonus date on both the stock
exchanges? Calculate P/E ratio considering closing prices just before and after
the ex-bonus date on both the stock exchanges and other figures as given in the
exhibit itself.
(x) Why the company is debt free? How the present capital structure of the company
is helping its cause?
(xi) What is the reason for company’s high cash reserves? What is the impact of high
cash holding?
(xii) Compute the financial ratios:
(a) Dividend Payout Ratio
(b) Net Foreign Earnings/ Earnings Ratio
(c) Research and Development Expenses/ Revenue Ratio
(d) Net Profit Ratio

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 2

 3. Multi Choice Questions (MCQs)
(i) Ex-Bonus date is the date …………….
a) On which the share price is adjusted on stock exchanges.
b) On which the share price is decreased on stock exchanges.
c) On which the share price is increased on stock exchanges.
d) Which is before the record date.
(ii) Record Date is the ……………….
a) date on which company record the details of both the dividend payout and
bonus issue proceedings.
b) cut-off date fixed by a company to determine who is eligible to get bonus
shares.
c) date on which company record the details of bonus issue proceedings.
d) date fixed by a company to determine who has got the bonus shares of
the company.
(iii) Which among the following are the effects of Bonus Issue:
a) Share capital gets increased
b) Liquidity in the stock increases
c) Accumulated profits get reduced
d) All of the above
(iv) A listed company may issue bonus shares to its members if authorized by:
a) Memorandum of Association
b) Articles of Association
c) Both Memorandum and Articles of Association
d) None of the above
(v) The bonus shares shall be made out of
a) free reserves only
b) either free reserves or revaluation reserves
c) either free reserves or securities premium
d) either free reserves or revaluation reserves or capital reserves
(vi) In case if Rupee further depreciates vis-à-vis US $ in the beginning of the
year 2017 then the Net Profit of the company
a) is likely to increase for the fin year 2016-2017
b) is likely to decrease for the fin year 2016-2017
c) is likely to remain same for the fin year 2016-2017
d) is likely to increase for the fin year 2015-2016

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 3

 Exhibit – 1
Balance Sheet
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Shareholders’ Funds 31st March, 2016 31st March, 2015
(In ` Crores) (In ` Crores)
Share capital 1,148 574
Reserve and Surplus 56,009 47,494
57,157 48,068
Non - Current Liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities (net) - -
Other long term liabilities 73 30
73 30
Current Liabilities
Trade Payables
Total outstanding dues of micro
Enterprises and small enterprises
Total outstanding dues of creditors
other micro enterprises and small
enterprises 623 124
Other current liabilities 6105 5546
Short term provisions 8809 8045
15,537 13,715
72,767 61,813
ASSETS
Non-Current Assets
Fixed Assets
Tangible assets 8248 7347
Capital work-in-progress 934 769
9182 8116
Non-current investments 11,111 6108
Deferred tax assets (net) 405 433
Long term loans and advances 5970 4378
Other non-current assets 2 26

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 4

 Current Assets
Current investments 2 749
Trade Receivables 9,798 8,627
Cash and Cash Equivalents 29,176 27,722
Short term loans and advances 7,121 5,654
46,097 42,752
72,767 61,813
Relevant Profit and Loss details
Income from software services
And products (Turnover or Sales) 53,983 47,300
Profit for the year (Standalone) 15,786 12,164
Profit for the year (Consolidated) 13,678 12,372
Interim Dividend 2,297 1,723
Final Dividend 3,273 3,388
Total Dividend 5,570 5,111
Dividend Tax 1,134 1,034

Exhibit – 2

Details of Earning Per Share (EPS)

Earning per equity share 31 st March, 2016 31 st March, 2015 31 st March, 2014
Basic ` 68.73 ` 105.91 ` 178.39
Diluted ` 68.73 ` 105.91 ` 178.39
Number of shares used in computing earnings per share
Basic 2,29,69,44,664 1,14,84,72,332 57,14,02,566
Diluted 2,29,69,44,664 1,14,84,72,332 57,14,02,566

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 5

 Exhibit 3

Details of Long term Liabilities

Particulars As at March 31,
2016 2015
(i) Gratuity obligation – unamortized amount relating - 3
to plan amendment.
(ii) Payable for acquisition of business 46 -
(iii) Rental deposits received from subsidiary 27 27
73 30

Exhibit 4

Research and development expenditure In ` Crore

2016 2015
Revenue expenditure 384 590
Capital expenditure 31 15
Total 415 605

Activity in foreign currency In ` Crore

2016 2015
Earnings 52,866 46,158
Expenditure 26,529 22,045
Net foreign exchange earnings (NFE) 26,337 24,113

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 6

 Shareholding Pattern Exhibit 5

Category of Shareholder No. of shares at No. of shares at % of total No. of shares at the No. of shares at % of total % change
the beginning the beginning shares at the end (Demat) the end shares at during the
(Demat) (Physical) beginning (Physical) the end year at the
end
(A) Promoter and
Promoter group
Indian 15,02,15,636 13.11 29,28,06,199 12.77 (0.34)

Foreign Nil Nil

(B) Public Shareholding
Institutions
a) Mutual Funds 6,07,84,954 5.30 15,23,60,913 6.65 1.33
b) Banks/FIs 7,25435 0.06 10,88,363 0.05 (0.01)
c) Insurance Co. 11,19,10,924 9.77 24,74,20,991 10.79 1.02
d) FIIs 43,59,60,562 19,200 38.04 52,01,79,413 12,800 22.69 (15.35)
Non Institutions
a) Bodies corporate 92,55,388 25,600 0.81 1,76,76,850 51,200 0.77 (0.04)
b) Individuals
(i) individuals holding 6,45,97,620 9,83,912 5.64 11,17,72,259 7,37,345 4.88 (0.76)
nominal share capital upto
` 1 lakh

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 7

ii) individuals holding 4,19,53,512 14,53,800 3.66 10,62,34,240 40,22,896 4.63 1.03
nominal share capital in
excess of ` 1 lakh
c) any other
• Foreign bodies – DR 4,85,371 0.04 2,15,185 0.01 (0.03)
• Foreign portfolio 5,86,37,491 5.12 40,40,52,549 17.63 12.51
investor
• NRI/OCB 1,75,52,821 3.205 1.53 3,49,74,684 6,410 1.53 (0.00)
• Trusts 78,32,920 0.68 1,80,14,430 0.79 0.11
(C) Shares held by 18,60,73,981 16.24 38,53,17,937 16.81 (0.61)
custodians for ADRs
Grand Total (A + B + C) 1,14,59,86,615 100 2,29,21,14,013 100 -

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 8

 Exhibit – 6

Information regarding Share Prices at two leading Stock Exchanges - ESB and ESN for the month of June, 2015
(i) ESB:

Open Trade Number Of Traded

Price Date High Price Low Price Close Price
Price Value Trades Quantity

30-06-2015 993 993 983.1 985.35 129230976 4604 130902

29-06-2015 988 999 980 990.25 212449791 6250 214778

26-06-2015 995 1011.75 995 1006.1 178294230 4876 177156

25-06-2015 1000 1003 987.85 991.15 187042279 7375 187888

24-06-2015 1010 1013.4 991.6 995.1 152090723 6050 151837

23-06-2015 1025 1028 999.1 1001.15 220838190 7317 219714

22-06-2015 1009 1028.8 997.5 1024.4 191682161 6460 189597

19-06-2015 1005 1010.3 992.5 996.75 105756490 4277 105608

18-06-2015 1000.25 1005.95 996 1000.9 98427249 3690 98293

17-06-2015 1007 1020.4 993.3 995.8 201251242 7792 200684

16-06-2015 994 1002 985 999.45 123941839 4971 124572

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 9

 15-06-2015 980 998.85 968.5 991.1 348704570 8291 352567

12-6-2015 2002 2024.5 1955.5 1976.65 730045102 11369 364406

11-6-2015 2035 2045 1997.05 2001.85 441009571 7132 219093

10-6-2015 2010 2039.7 1986 2026.2 213111531 5552 106086

9-6-2015 2013 2013 1985.1 1992.55 324305552 4726 162858

8-6-2015 2012 2020.25 1990 2000.25 112224311 5177 56073

5-6-2015 2039 2044 2009.15 2012.1 242291659 6928 119921

4-6-2015 2031 2056.6 2014.35 2028.05 176073740 6500 86442

3-6-2015 2020 2060 2008.25 2023.1 351489901 7107 174177

2-6-2015 2045 2054.8 2005.1 2008.8 279751806 6055 138784

1-6-2015 2030 2063 2023.3 2045.7 161866930 5558 79075

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 10

(ii) ESN:

Close
Price Date Open Price High Price Low Price Trade Value Number Of Trades Traded Quantity
Price

30-06-2015 990 993.45 980 984.35 3065047324 71225 3106265

29-06-2015 987 999.5 982.5 990.15 2816829754 76492 2845334

26-06-2015 999 1011.6 998.1 1005.25 2675854600 63866 2660142

25-06-2015 999.2 1003.5 987.65 990.45 3536892263 75358 3558733

24-06-2015 1015 1015 991.2 995.1 3543930987 74881 3536847

23-06-2015 1025 1027.4 998.15 1000.4 3490994517 119559 3476058

22-06-2015 1004.9 1028.75 997 1023.85 2888003447 133708 2855434

19-06-2015 1010.3 1010.4 993.1 995.35 3331553919 97129 3335229

18-06-2015 1005.6 1007.95 995.8 1001.95 1740163420 40621 1737213

17-06-2015 1011 1021 992.2 995.7 3212615218 73928 3206034

16-06-2015 994.35 1003 985 999.35 2599482811 75473 2611722

15-06-2015 976.95 998.8 968 990.45 2592486854 84843 2618213

12-06-2015 2005 2025.55 1955.5 1975.05 4905085618 104931 2463231

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 11

 11-06-2015 2035.95 2044.75 1995.05 1997.65 4639906733 69953 2307366

10-06-2015 1990 2039.35 1985 2026.5 3212123214 76174 1596460

09-06-2015 2003.75 2007.65 1983 1992.1 3766911108 81812 1890435

08-06-2015 2020 2024.65 1987 2000.05 3070769017 59889 1535262

05-06-2015 2030 2044 2008.15 2011.65 3094883382 61438 1531447

04-06-2015 2030 2055 2012.6 2028.05 3813250263 98562 1872366

03-06-2015 2018.2 2039.45 2008 2020.9 2775067935 50402 1373949

02-06-2015 2048.1 2055.1 2005 2008.65 2358331816 67384 1168285

01-06-2015 2032.8 2064 2023.25 2047.8 2931284913 62717 1431223

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 12

 Exhibit - 7

Graphs of Prices of shares during the month of June 2015 at two leading Stock Exchange of India

Closing Price on ESN Opening Price on ESB

2500 2500

2000 2000

1500 1500

1000 1000

500 500

0 0

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 13

 Exhibit - 8

International Perspective
Stock dividend of one ADS for every ADS held has been given. ABC Ltd. shares
are also listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The detail structure of
the company’s share prices in NYSE for the month of June, 2015 has been given
as below:

Price Date Open Price High Price Low Price Close Price
1-6-2015 31.97 32.38 31.93 32.21
2-6-2015 31.76 31.88 31.56 31.82
3-6-2015 31.88 32.44 31.76 32.1
4-6-2015 31.83 31.98 31.41 31.65
5-6-2015 31.53 31.91 31.52 31.81
8-6-2015 31.53 31.62 31.46 31.52
9-6-2015 31.32 31.41 31.03 31.11
10-6-2015 31.59 31.81 31.45 31.72
11-6-2015 31.13 31.47 31.01 31.25
12-6-2015 30.66 31.05 30.59 31.02
15-06-2015 30.79 31.32 30.72 31.25
16-06-2015 31.15 31.91 31.15 31.84
17-06-2015 31.45 31.93 31.45 31.92
18-06-2015 31.86 32.42 31.86 32.17
19-06-2015 32.05 32.16 31.86 31.9
22-06-2015 32.38 32.72 32.25 32.53
23-06-2015 32.32 32.5 32.19 32.22
24-06-2015 31.96 32.18 31.48 31.52
25-06-2015 15.9 16.28 15.89 16.13
26-06-2015 16.26 16.31 16.11 16.17
29-06-2015 15.91 15.98 15.81 15.86
30-06-2015 15.94 15.97 15.66 15.85

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 14

 Exhibit - 9

RBI Reference Rate for US $ during the month of June 2015

1.6.2015 63.6083
2.6.2015 63.8330
3.6.2015 63.8515
4.6.2015 64.1775
5.6.2015 63.8955
8.6.2015 64.1100
9.6.2015 63.9360
10.6.2015 63.8849
11.6.2015 63.8910
12.6.2015 64.0301
15.6.2015 64.0868
16.6.2015 64.1505
17.6.2015 64.1135
18.6.2015 63.8495
19.6.2015 63.8195
22.6.2015 63.5098
23.6.2015 63.6406
24.6.2015 63.6600
25.6.2015 63.6121
26.6.2015 63.6042
29.6.2015 63.9170
30.6.2015 63.7549

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 15

 Exhibit – 10

Article published in leading Financial Daily on 24-04-2015

The board of directors of ABC Ltd sprang a surprise today by recommending a
bonus issue of shares in the ratio of 1:1 (one equity share for every equity share
held) and a stock dividend of one American Depositary Share (ADS) for every ADS
held.
It is the second 1: 1 bonus issue announced by the company in the last six months
as it had made a bonus issue only in December 2014.
It was on October 10, 2014, that the company had recommended a bonus issue of
one equity share for every equity share held (1 : 1 bonus issue) and a bonus issue,
viz., a stock dividend of one ADS for every ADS held. Subsequently, ABC Ltd fixed
December 3, 2014, as the record date for the purpose of allotment of bonus shares
/ stock dividend.
ABC Ltd’s board today has recommended a final dividend of ₹29.50 per share
(equivalent to ₹14.75 per share after 1:1 bonus issue, if approved by shareholders)
for the year ended March 31, 2015.
Acting swiftly to get the approval process completed, the company said its register
of members & share transfer books will remain closed from June 17 to June 22 for
the purpose of payment of final dividend & the AGM will be held on June 22.
The company’s equity base is at ₹574 crore as at the end of March 31, 2015. This
was after the bonus issue made in Dec last year. But despite the doubling of the
equity base, the company’s EPS at the end of last fiscal was at a healthy ₹102.33
as compared to ₹89.20 at the end of March 31, 2014. This gives it shares a P/E
ratio of about 20 (at the current value of around ₹2010) which does not look to be
very high compared to its peers such as DEF Ltd. (P/E of 23) and XYZ Ltd. (P/E of
25). The latter had implemented a 1:1 bonus issue and also a stock split of 2:1 (
face value of shares reduced to ₹5 from ₹10).
Despite the bonus announcement, the ABC Ltd. shares are down by about ₹ 120 to
₹ 2001 levels now. A deeper analysis of ABC Ltd. results would throw further
insight into its performance in terms of profitability ratio etc. compared to its peers
and explain the reasons for investor response.

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India 16

 ELECTIVE PAPER 6B – FINANCIAL SERVICES AND CAPITAL MARKET
SUGGESTED SOLUTION – CASE STUDY 1

(i) The total number of subscribed shares of ABC Ltd. in November 2014 is
57,42,36,166 fully paid equity shares.

(ii)

Price Date Closing Price at RBI Rate Amount in `

NYSE

1-6-2015 32.21 63.6083 2048.82

2-6-2015 31.82 63.8330 2031.17

3-6-2015 32.1 63.8515 2049.63

4-6-2015 31.65 64.1775 2031.22

5-6-2015 31.81 63.8955 2032.52

8-6-2015 31.52 64.1100 2020.74

9-6-2015 31.11 63.9360 1989.05

10-6-2015 31.72 63.8849 2026.43

11-6-2015 31.25 63.8910 1996.59

12-6-2015 31.02 64.0301 1986.21

15-6-2015 31.25 64.0868 2002.71

16-6-2015 31.84 64.1505 2042.55

17-6-2015 31.92 64.1135 2046.50

18-6-2015 32.17 63.8495 2054.04

19-6-2015 31.9 63.8195 2035.84

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

1
 22-6-2015 32.53 63.5098 2065.97

23-6-2015 32.22 63.6406 2050.50

24-6-2015 31.52 63.6600 2006.56

25-6-2015 16.13 63.6121 1026.06

26-6-2015 16.17 63.6042 1028.72

29-6-2015 15.86 63.9170 1013.72

30-6-2015 15.85 63.7549 1010.52

From the above data and the given exhibit, it can be seen that arbitrage opportunity is not
possible in the domestic market. However, there is an arbitrage opportunity if domestic
investors can purchase shares after the date of bonus issue declaration and sell their shares
in the international market later after some days.

(iii) After the bonus announcement, the investors have not reacted positively. The shares are
down by about ` 120 to ` 2001 levels now. The reasons for this may be because the
company has pile up excess cash and it has not enough investment opportunities.

(iv) After the bonus issue, EPS will reduce. The reason is that after the bonus issue, the number
of shares will increase leading to increase in denominator while numerator i.e. Profit after
tax is same. This leads to fall in the value of EPS.

(v) (a) As per regulation 95 of SEBI (ICDR) Regulation, 2009, if an issuer after the approval
of its board of directors which does not require the shareholders’ approval for bonus
issue shall implement the bonus issue within fifteen days from the date of approval
of the issue by its board of directors.

However, where the issuer is required to seek shareholders’ approval for bonus
issue, the bonus issue shall be implemented within two months from the date of the
meeting of its board of directors wherein the decision to announce the bonus issue
was taken subject to shareholders’ approval.

(b) While calculating basic earnings per share, profit after tax after preference dividend
is divided by the total number of equity shares outstanding. On the other hand, in
the computation of diluted earnings per share, debt which can be converted into

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

2
 equity in the future is also taken into account. Since, ABC Ltd. is a debt free
company; there is no convertible debt on its part. Therefore, basis earning per share
and diluted earnings per share are equal.

Further, as per Regulation 93 of SEBI (ICDR) Regulation, 2009 no company shall

make a bonus issue of equity shares unless it has made reservation for holders of
convertible debt instruments.

However, since ABC Ltd. is a debt free company, the above provision is not
applicable to it.

(c) It is clearly provided in the SEBI Regulations that once the decision to make a bonus
issue is announced, the issue cannot be withdrawn.

(vi) Prices of ABC Ltd. on the Ex-Bonus date has been reduced drastically. The basic reason is
that after the bonus issue, the prices of shares come down in the immediate period. For
instance, if the share price before bonus issue is Rs. 1000 and the company issues bonus
shares in the ratio of 1:1, the share price after the bonus issue will be Rs. 500. However, it
also means that the total market value (2 shares x Rs. 500 = 1000) remains the same.

(vii) It is generally considered prudent to pay dividend consistently even after the bonus issue.
Higher dividend payout on the part of ABC Ltd. indicates that existing shareholders will get
more dividend after the bonus issue.

For example, in the given case, the company issues bonus shares in the ratio of 1: 1. It
declared dividend of 10% which will be ` 1 on the face value of ` 10 in the previous year. In
the current year, it decides to maintain the dividend at 10%. Now, a shareholder with one
share will get an additional share. His total shares will be 2. And, he is eligible for total
dividend of ` 2 (` 1 x 2 shares). So, his dividend income will be doubled due to issue of
bonus shares.

Therefore, higher dividend payout on the part of ABC Ltd indicates willingness on the part of
company to keep the shareholders happy and increase their wealth. Also, the company can
utilize it’s excess cash reserves in this way.

(viii) It is definitely feasible for the company to go for buyback. As it has been given in the exhibit
1 that company’s cash reserves has increased from 27,722 in 2015 to 29,176 in 2016. So,
the company’s burgeoning cash reserves can be utilized for buyback.

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

3
 ABC Ltd has to fulfill the following conditions as given in the SEBI Regulations if it decides
to go for the buyback:

(a) A company may buy-back its shares or other specified securities by any one of the
following methods:—

• From the existing security-holders on a proportionate basis through the

tender offer;

• From the open market through—

(i) book-building process,

(ii) Stock exchange;

• From odd-lot holders

However, it is to be noted that no offer of buy-back for fifteen per cent or more of the
paid up capital and free reserves of the company shall be made from the open
market.

(b) A company shall not buy-back its shares or other specified securities from any
person through negotiated deals, whether on or of the stock exchange or through
spot transactions or through any private arrangement.

(c) Any person or an insider shall not deal in securities of the company on the basis of
unpublished information relating to buy-back of shares or other specified Securities
of the company.

(d) A company shall not make any offer of buy-back within a period of one year reckoned
from the date of closure of the preceding offer of buy-back, if any.

(ix) The Market Price (MP) just before and after the ex-bonus date on both the stock exchanges
and calculation of Price Earnings Ratio (P/E) ratio is as follows:

Ex-bonus date – 15/6/2015

P/E Ratio = Market Price Per Share/Earning Per Share

If the EPS of 31st March, 2015 has been taken

ESB

(MP) just before the ex-bonus date i.e. on 12/6/2015 – 1976.65

P/E Ratio = 1976.65/52.96 = 37.32

© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

4
 (MP) just after the ex-bonus date i.e. on 16/6/2015 – 999.45

P/E Ratio = 999.45/52.96 = 18.87

ESN

(MP) just before the ex-bonus date i.e. on 12/6/2015 – 1975.05

P/E Ratio = 1975.05/52.96 = 37.29

(MP) just after the ex-bonus date i.e. on 16/6/2015 – 999.35

P/E Ratio = 999.35/52.96 = 18.87

If the EPS of 31st March, 2016 has been taken

ESB

(MP) just before the ex-bonus date i.e. on 12/6/2015 – 1976.65

P/E Ratio = 1976.65/68.93 = 28.68

(MP) just after the ex-bonus date i.e. on 16/6/2015 – 999.45

P/E Ratio = 999.45/68.93 = 14.50

ESN

(MP) just before the ex-bonus date i.e. on 12/6/2015 – 1975.05

P/E Ratio = 1975.05/68.73 = 28.73

(MP) just after the ex-bonus date i.e. on 16/6/2015 – 999.35

P/E Ratio = 999.35/68.73 = 14.54

(x) The company is debt free as it can be observed from the Balance Sheet of the company.
The reason for such non debt element in the capital structure of the company may be due to
the fact company has large cash reserved which can be utilized for short term working capital
requirements of the company. Further, the exclusion of debt in the capital structure reduces
the periodic interest cost on the part of the company. Also, there is the possibility of default
risk which may arise due to non-payment of interest and principal amount of loan.

(xi) As it has been given in the case study itself sufficient cash balance has been kept by the
company to meet its strategic objectives. The company presently generates sufficient cash
internally to finance all its operational, financing and investment requirements.

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 The impact of high cash holding is that the cash is underutilized and the company is losing
investment opportunities. So, ABC Ltd. may consider a buyback to utilize its cash pile.

(xii) Computation of financial ratios is given as below:

(a) Dividend Payout Ratio = Total dividend (including dividend tax)/Profit

after tax (consolidated)

2015 2016

6704/13678 x 100 6145/12372 x 100

= 49.01% = 49.67%

(b) Net Foreign Earnings/Earnings Ratio

2015 2016

26337/52866 x 100 24113/46158 x 100

= 49.8% = 52.2

(c) R & D Expenditure/Revenue

2015 2016

415/53983 x 100 605/47300

= 0.80 = 1.30

(d) Net Profit Ratio = Net Profit after tax(Standalone)/Net Sales x 100

2015 2016

15786/53983 x 100 12164/47300 x 100

= 29.24 = 25.71

Multiple Choice Questions

(i) (a)

(ii) (b)

(iii) (d)

(iv) (b)

(v) (c)

(vi) (a)

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